Eric L. Lesser and Michael A. Fontaine
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780195165128
- eISBN:
- 9780199835751
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195165128.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
This chapter extends the notion of community to include customers. It focuses on how organizations are bringing together informal groups of customers via the Internet to exchange knowledge, build ...
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This chapter extends the notion of community to include customers. It focuses on how organizations are bringing together informal groups of customers via the Internet to exchange knowledge, build brand loyalty, and provide unique insights into product design and use. The components of a customer community space and King Arthur Flour's creation of its online customer community — the Baking Circle — are discussed.Less
This chapter extends the notion of community to include customers. It focuses on how organizations are bringing together informal groups of customers via the Internet to exchange knowledge, build brand loyalty, and provide unique insights into product design and use. The components of a customer community space and King Arthur Flour's creation of its online customer community — the Baking Circle — are discussed.
Vanessa Jackson
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447341895
- eISBN:
- 9781447341970
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447341895.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Knowledge Management
This chapter considers the Pebble Mill project. The project is a multi-media online resource, with social media interaction on Facebook, where members of an online community build an ‘idiosyncratic ...
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This chapter considers the Pebble Mill project. The project is a multi-media online resource, with social media interaction on Facebook, where members of an online community build an ‘idiosyncratic archive’ of memories and artefacts, including photographs, videos, audio, and written text, creating a democratic history of BBC Pebble Mill, which complements the BBC's institutional archive. Some of the tensions and limitations of community archive projects are explored, including moderation, ethics, and legal matters, namely defamation and copyright. One of the major challenges for community archives regards the continuing commitment of ‘citizen curators’, the facilitators of online community projects, whose labour includes devising policies, moderating, and encouraging engagement. Issues of longevity and sustainability are considered, along with the vulnerability of online collections in a precarious virtual world, where platforms are subject to evolution, or removal — threatening the survival of small projects.Less
This chapter considers the Pebble Mill project. The project is a multi-media online resource, with social media interaction on Facebook, where members of an online community build an ‘idiosyncratic archive’ of memories and artefacts, including photographs, videos, audio, and written text, creating a democratic history of BBC Pebble Mill, which complements the BBC's institutional archive. Some of the tensions and limitations of community archive projects are explored, including moderation, ethics, and legal matters, namely defamation and copyright. One of the major challenges for community archives regards the continuing commitment of ‘citizen curators’, the facilitators of online community projects, whose labour includes devising policies, moderating, and encouraging engagement. Issues of longevity and sustainability are considered, along with the vulnerability of online collections in a precarious virtual world, where platforms are subject to evolution, or removal — threatening the survival of small projects.
Saija Peuronen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199795437
- eISBN:
- 9780199919321
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199795437.003.0008
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter considers the use of bilingual language resources by members of one particular online community: Finnish Christians sharing an interest in extreme sports. The translocal nature of the ...
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This chapter considers the use of bilingual language resources by members of one particular online community: Finnish Christians sharing an interest in extreme sports. The translocal nature of the community is illustrated by the analysis of its members' heteroglossic language repertoire in messages posted to the community's online discussion forum. In their forum discussions, the community members use linguistic and discursive resources of both Finnish and English, including not only the choice between the two languages but also the use of different registers, discourses, and cultural references as well as playful orthographic practices. The analysis shows how the forum users draw on global discourses of extreme sports and Christian faith, adapt them into their local contexts and, in this way, negotiate and style their identities as members of this community.Less
This chapter considers the use of bilingual language resources by members of one particular online community: Finnish Christians sharing an interest in extreme sports. The translocal nature of the community is illustrated by the analysis of its members' heteroglossic language repertoire in messages posted to the community's online discussion forum. In their forum discussions, the community members use linguistic and discursive resources of both Finnish and English, including not only the choice between the two languages but also the use of different registers, discourses, and cultural references as well as playful orthographic practices. The analysis shows how the forum users draw on global discourses of extreme sports and Christian faith, adapt them into their local contexts and, in this way, negotiate and style their identities as members of this community.
Jessica L. Beyer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199330751
- eISBN:
- 9780199395026
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199330751.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Chapter 1 articulates the central research question, outlines the argument in the book, explains the four cases, and unpacks major concepts. It articulates the argument that key structural features ...
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Chapter 1 articulates the central research question, outlines the argument in the book, explains the four cases, and unpacks major concepts. It articulates the argument that key structural features about the birthplaces of the four communities shape the type of political behavior that emerges from each. It offers an extensive discussion of the concepts central to the book’s argument with reference to theoretical discussions and debates around the issues including anonymity, regulation, spatial divisions, and normative conflict. The chapter also offers an introduction to the four online communities presented in the book, Anonymous (4chan.org), The Pirate Bay, World of Warcraft, and IGN.com’s posting boards.Less
Chapter 1 articulates the central research question, outlines the argument in the book, explains the four cases, and unpacks major concepts. It articulates the argument that key structural features about the birthplaces of the four communities shape the type of political behavior that emerges from each. It offers an extensive discussion of the concepts central to the book’s argument with reference to theoretical discussions and debates around the issues including anonymity, regulation, spatial divisions, and normative conflict. The chapter also offers an introduction to the four online communities presented in the book, Anonymous (4chan.org), The Pirate Bay, World of Warcraft, and IGN.com’s posting boards.
Jessica L. Beyer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199330751
- eISBN:
- 9780199395026
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199330751.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Expect Us focuses on four online communities—Anonymous (4chan.org), The Pirate Bay, World of Warcraft, and the IGN.com posting boards. In all of these online communities, members engaged deeply with ...
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Expect Us focuses on four online communities—Anonymous (4chan.org), The Pirate Bay, World of Warcraft, and the IGN.com posting boards. In all of these online communities, members engaged deeply with political issues in a range of ways. However, only two of the communities mobilized politically. If political behavior occurred on all four communities, why did only two of these sites foster political mobilization among their participants, while the other two did not? Using ethnographic methods, Expect Us argues that key structural features about the birthplaces of the four communities shaped the type of political behavior that emerged from each. The book argues that the likelihood of political mobilization rises when a site provides high levels of anonymity, low levels of formal regulation, and minimal access to small-group interaction. Once these factors are present, the nature of the communities themselves—their values and emergent norms of behavior—then appears to influence whether there is a conflict between the dominant community norms and offline legal and behavioral norms. Although this normative conflict is by no means a perfect “recipe” for predicting political mobilization, it certainly appeared to set the stage for cohesive political action by an online community.Less
Expect Us focuses on four online communities—Anonymous (4chan.org), The Pirate Bay, World of Warcraft, and the IGN.com posting boards. In all of these online communities, members engaged deeply with political issues in a range of ways. However, only two of the communities mobilized politically. If political behavior occurred on all four communities, why did only two of these sites foster political mobilization among their participants, while the other two did not? Using ethnographic methods, Expect Us argues that key structural features about the birthplaces of the four communities shaped the type of political behavior that emerged from each. The book argues that the likelihood of political mobilization rises when a site provides high levels of anonymity, low levels of formal regulation, and minimal access to small-group interaction. Once these factors are present, the nature of the communities themselves—their values and emergent norms of behavior—then appears to influence whether there is a conflict between the dominant community norms and offline legal and behavioral norms. Although this normative conflict is by no means a perfect “recipe” for predicting political mobilization, it certainly appeared to set the stage for cohesive political action by an online community.
Kirsty Robertson
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199336265
- eISBN:
- 9780199351282
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199336265.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Intellectual Property, IT, and Media Law, Legal History
This chapter examines IP in online knitting communities, where pattern making and distribution are heavily regulated, and shaming is often used to hold participants to the community norms. Drawing on ...
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This chapter examines IP in online knitting communities, where pattern making and distribution are heavily regulated, and shaming is often used to hold participants to the community norms. Drawing on an extensive survey of participants in online crafting communities, coupled with analysis of other objects and sites (among them a murder mystery novel, Mary Kruger's Died in the Wool, centered on the theft of patterns), the chapter traces the robust discourse of IP rights used to bolster knitting community norms. These norms sometimes fit with IP statute and case law, but often they exceed its protections; in other situations they may combine or conflate provisions of copyright with those of patent or trademark. What is striking is that IP law is invoked as authority for a system of norms based on community needs and wants quite distinct from those defensible in court.Less
This chapter examines IP in online knitting communities, where pattern making and distribution are heavily regulated, and shaming is often used to hold participants to the community norms. Drawing on an extensive survey of participants in online crafting communities, coupled with analysis of other objects and sites (among them a murder mystery novel, Mary Kruger's Died in the Wool, centered on the theft of patterns), the chapter traces the robust discourse of IP rights used to bolster knitting community norms. These norms sometimes fit with IP statute and case law, but often they exceed its protections; in other situations they may combine or conflate provisions of copyright with those of patent or trademark. What is striking is that IP law is invoked as authority for a system of norms based on community needs and wants quite distinct from those defensible in court.
Abigail de Kosnik
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781604737165
- eISBN:
- 9781621037767
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781604737165.003.0031
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Television
This chapter presents QueenEve’ views about the role of soap fan communities in resisting the direction of their shows and providing greater pleasure for fans through community online interaction. ...
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This chapter presents QueenEve’ views about the role of soap fan communities in resisting the direction of their shows and providing greater pleasure for fans through community online interaction. QueenEve is a pseudonym of a career professional and soap opera fan who has moderated and/or founded several popular soap communities online.Less
This chapter presents QueenEve’ views about the role of soap fan communities in resisting the direction of their shows and providing greater pleasure for fans through community online interaction. QueenEve is a pseudonym of a career professional and soap opera fan who has moderated and/or founded several popular soap communities online.
Jessica L. Beyer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199330751
- eISBN:
- 9780199395026
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199330751.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Chapter 2 focuses on the emergence of Anonymous as a political actor. It addresses the question of why Anonymous members first mobilized in 2008 and includes information about how this community ...
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Chapter 2 focuses on the emergence of Anonymous as a political actor. It addresses the question of why Anonymous members first mobilized in 2008 and includes information about how this community became politically active. This chapter argues that Anonymous became involved in political activism because the technological spaces of 4chan.org and other Anonymous posting board systems—particularly extreme anonymity, lack of regulation, and shocking content—created a highly cohesive online community with a history of collective online activities of questionable legality and morality. The history of organized community activities granted Anonymous members a sense of capability that empowered them to take on the Church of Scientology in 2008.Less
Chapter 2 focuses on the emergence of Anonymous as a political actor. It addresses the question of why Anonymous members first mobilized in 2008 and includes information about how this community became politically active. This chapter argues that Anonymous became involved in political activism because the technological spaces of 4chan.org and other Anonymous posting board systems—particularly extreme anonymity, lack of regulation, and shocking content—created a highly cohesive online community with a history of collective online activities of questionable legality and morality. The history of organized community activities granted Anonymous members a sense of capability that empowered them to take on the Church of Scientology in 2008.
Kelsy Burke
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780520286320
- eISBN:
- 9780520961586
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520286320.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Sociology of Religion
Chapter 3 details how website users get to know one another and trust that they are in a community of like-minded believers. BTS members and LCL readers establish themselves as insiders within these ...
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Chapter 3 details how website users get to know one another and trust that they are in a community of like-minded believers. BTS members and LCL readers establish themselves as insiders within these communities by engaging in social performances that resonate with other evangelical Christians—they use familiar tropes, such as referencing Satan and incorporating commonly held evangelical Protestant beliefs into their discussions. This maintains boundaries between website users and those with differing beliefs or sexual practices. Yet amid these boundaries, they justify anonymous online interaction by citing their belief that only God knows who someone “really is” and that everyone who finds the sites does so for a God-led purpose.Less
Chapter 3 details how website users get to know one another and trust that they are in a community of like-minded believers. BTS members and LCL readers establish themselves as insiders within these communities by engaging in social performances that resonate with other evangelical Christians—they use familiar tropes, such as referencing Satan and incorporating commonly held evangelical Protestant beliefs into their discussions. This maintains boundaries between website users and those with differing beliefs or sexual practices. Yet amid these boundaries, they justify anonymous online interaction by citing their belief that only God knows who someone “really is” and that everyone who finds the sites does so for a God-led purpose.
Howard Rheingold
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
Reprinted from legendary cyberspace pioneer Howard Rheingold's classic, The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier, “Daily Life in Cyberspace: How the Computerized Counterculture ...
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Reprinted from legendary cyberspace pioneer Howard Rheingold's classic, The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier, “Daily Life in Cyberspace: How the Computerized Counterculture Built a New Kind of Place” situates the reader in the context of social media before the World Wide Web. Rheingold narrates how he became involved in The WELL community; details community and personalities on The WELL; and documents user experience with the WELL's conferencing system, including how conversations are created and organized and how social media compares to face to face dialog. Rheingold also explores social media-based dialog in terms of reciprocity; “elegantly presented knowledge”; the tradition of conversation in the Athenian agora; and the value of freedom of expression. Introduced by Judy Malloy.Less
Reprinted from legendary cyberspace pioneer Howard Rheingold's classic, The Virtual Community: Homesteading on the Electronic Frontier, “Daily Life in Cyberspace: How the Computerized Counterculture Built a New Kind of Place” situates the reader in the context of social media before the World Wide Web. Rheingold narrates how he became involved in The WELL community; details community and personalities on The WELL; and documents user experience with the WELL's conferencing system, including how conversations are created and organized and how social media compares to face to face dialog. Rheingold also explores social media-based dialog in terms of reciprocity; “elegantly presented knowledge”; the tradition of conversation in the Athenian agora; and the value of freedom of expression. Introduced by Judy Malloy.
J. R. Carpenter
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034654
- eISBN:
- 9780262336871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034654.003.0025
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
The trAce Online Writing Centre was founded in 1995 by Sue Thomas at Nottingham Trent University, UK. Over the next decade trAce expanded along with the web, evolving organically and somewhat ...
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The trAce Online Writing Centre was founded in 1995 by Sue Thomas at Nottingham Trent University, UK. Over the next decade trAce expanded along with the web, evolving organically and somewhat haphazardly into a vast interlinked network created by many different artists, authors and researchers, during a period of rapid technological change. What emerged was one of the web’s earliest and most influential international creative communities. This chapter outlines the historical context, complex media ecology, diverse membership, wide-ranging influences, and vast and varied output of trAce, much of which has been collected together in a unique archive which can be explored online here: <http://tracearchive.ntu.ac.uk/>Less
The trAce Online Writing Centre was founded in 1995 by Sue Thomas at Nottingham Trent University, UK. Over the next decade trAce expanded along with the web, evolving organically and somewhat haphazardly into a vast interlinked network created by many different artists, authors and researchers, during a period of rapid technological change. What emerged was one of the web’s earliest and most influential international creative communities. This chapter outlines the historical context, complex media ecology, diverse membership, wide-ranging influences, and vast and varied output of trAce, much of which has been collected together in a unique archive which can be explored online here: <http://tracearchive.ntu.ac.uk/>
Youn-ah Kang
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262113120
- eISBN:
- 9780262276818
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262113120.003.0031
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
This chapter focuses on the increasing use of the Internet in the daily activities of people, resulting in Internet-based forms of mediation such as blogs. Mobile communication devices with features ...
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This chapter focuses on the increasing use of the Internet in the daily activities of people, resulting in Internet-based forms of mediation such as blogs. Mobile communication devices with features like multimedia messaging services and high-quality camera phones have encouraged people to use them for posting texts and posts, which is like a supplementary form of blogging. Information on Cyworld, a social networking site in Korea which is a type of multiply-mediated virtual community that provides a service which allows unlimited photos to be uploaded by the user, is presented. The main feature of Cyworld, as observed by its developers, is the emotional connection with its users. In 2004, the developers started to provide a wireless service called Mobile Cyworld to its users, whereby, as in Cyworld, they could manage their photo album. The chapter concludes that mobile communication can be another way of interaction among online communities.Less
This chapter focuses on the increasing use of the Internet in the daily activities of people, resulting in Internet-based forms of mediation such as blogs. Mobile communication devices with features like multimedia messaging services and high-quality camera phones have encouraged people to use them for posting texts and posts, which is like a supplementary form of blogging. Information on Cyworld, a social networking site in Korea which is a type of multiply-mediated virtual community that provides a service which allows unlimited photos to be uploaded by the user, is presented. The main feature of Cyworld, as observed by its developers, is the emotional connection with its users. In 2004, the developers started to provide a wireless service called Mobile Cyworld to its users, whereby, as in Cyworld, they could manage their photo album. The chapter concludes that mobile communication can be another way of interaction among online communities.
Miyoko Chu, Patricia Leonard, and Flisa Stevenson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801449116
- eISBN:
- 9780801463952
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801449116.003.0005
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Environmental Studies
This chapter examines strategies for recruiting and retaining participants in national citizen science projects based on insights that have emerged during fifteen years of marketing and communicating ...
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This chapter examines strategies for recruiting and retaining participants in national citizen science projects based on insights that have emerged during fifteen years of marketing and communicating such initiatives at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. It stresses the importance of understanding participant motivations and designing projects to appeal to targeted groups. It also discusses ways of publicizing citizen science projects through national and local media campaigns, Web communications, and engagement of volunteer “ambassadors.” Finally, it considers how project participants and program staff broaden and deepen their relationships with one another through online communities and on-the-ground community involvement. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate the importance of participant engagement in citizen science: the eBird project, the Great Backyard Bird Count, and the Celebrate Urban Birds project.Less
This chapter examines strategies for recruiting and retaining participants in national citizen science projects based on insights that have emerged during fifteen years of marketing and communicating such initiatives at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. It stresses the importance of understanding participant motivations and designing projects to appeal to targeted groups. It also discusses ways of publicizing citizen science projects through national and local media campaigns, Web communications, and engagement of volunteer “ambassadors.” Finally, it considers how project participants and program staff broaden and deepen their relationships with one another through online communities and on-the-ground community involvement. Three case studies are presented to demonstrate the importance of participant engagement in citizen science: the eBird project, the Great Backyard Bird Count, and the Celebrate Urban Birds project.
Christopher Laursen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- October 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190949983
- eISBN:
- 9780190050023
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190949983.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Starting around 2009, online communities envisioned and began practicing “tulpamancy”—the ability to imagine a sentient being, or “tulpa,” into existence through heightened states of imagination. ...
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Starting around 2009, online communities envisioned and began practicing “tulpamancy”—the ability to imagine a sentient being, or “tulpa,” into existence through heightened states of imagination. Originating in Tibetan Buddhist mysticism and contemporary paranormal lore, online users create tulpas, which they sense as a distinct personality within their minds and bodies, for companionship. Advocates of the practice emphasize healthful and positive aspects, and the plurality of identity that can exist in one body. They promote their practice as a way to overcome depression, loneliness, and other issues of mental well-being. Tulpa creation and plurality arrived precisely because avatars, anonymity, and, perhaps most crucially, inward-focused creativity and collaboration in online environments enabled radical, free-form identity experimentation. Tulpamancy shows how online communities act as participatory spaces in which supernatural or trans-human possibilities are evaluated and repurposed.Less
Starting around 2009, online communities envisioned and began practicing “tulpamancy”—the ability to imagine a sentient being, or “tulpa,” into existence through heightened states of imagination. Originating in Tibetan Buddhist mysticism and contemporary paranormal lore, online users create tulpas, which they sense as a distinct personality within their minds and bodies, for companionship. Advocates of the practice emphasize healthful and positive aspects, and the plurality of identity that can exist in one body. They promote their practice as a way to overcome depression, loneliness, and other issues of mental well-being. Tulpa creation and plurality arrived precisely because avatars, anonymity, and, perhaps most crucially, inward-focused creativity and collaboration in online environments enabled radical, free-form identity experimentation. Tulpamancy shows how online communities act as participatory spaces in which supernatural or trans-human possibilities are evaluated and repurposed.
Dariusz Jemielniak
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198839705
- eISBN:
- 9780191897351
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198839705.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
Researching social phenomena online could, until quite recently, be perceived as a novelty. Nowadays, practically every research project in the social sciences needs to take online research into ...
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Researching social phenomena online could, until quite recently, be perceived as a novelty. Nowadays, practically every research project in the social sciences needs to take online research into account. An important share of interpersonal interactions and social life has migrated into the online realm. This means that to maintain the current level of interest and detail of social analysis, the introduction of online research is increasingly necessary. This chapter introduces the idea of incorporating digital social science into any social studies project. It argues that not involving an analysis of online communities and social life is no longer an option for the vast majority of social sciences projects. It introduces the three possible approaches to understanding online social sciences: studying people while using the Internet, studying online communities, studying online culture output. It argues that doing research on avatars should be supplemented by doing research on actual people.Less
Researching social phenomena online could, until quite recently, be perceived as a novelty. Nowadays, practically every research project in the social sciences needs to take online research into account. An important share of interpersonal interactions and social life has migrated into the online realm. This means that to maintain the current level of interest and detail of social analysis, the introduction of online research is increasingly necessary. This chapter introduces the idea of incorporating digital social science into any social studies project. It argues that not involving an analysis of online communities and social life is no longer an option for the vast majority of social sciences projects. It introduces the three possible approaches to understanding online social sciences: studying people while using the Internet, studying online communities, studying online culture output. It argues that doing research on avatars should be supplemented by doing research on actual people.
Sarah Cook
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262033534
- eISBN:
- 9780262269742
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262033534.003.0007
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter examines digital art practices online, namely net.art, net-art, and art on the Internet. It provides definitions and examples, as well as established criteria, and considers the question ...
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This chapter examines digital art practices online, namely net.art, net-art, and art on the Internet. It provides definitions and examples, as well as established criteria, and considers the question of the necessity for collaborative art creation in an online environment. In particular, the chapter looks at cultural heritage institutions and new media art as well as the inherent multiplicity of agendas and structures prevalent on the Web, and also explores how the shifting politics and economics of the Internet affect the creative process of content creation online. Finally, it examines how artists use the Web as a way to engage with, and even sometimes create, offline communities as much as, if not more so, than online communities.Less
This chapter examines digital art practices online, namely net.art, net-art, and art on the Internet. It provides definitions and examples, as well as established criteria, and considers the question of the necessity for collaborative art creation in an online environment. In particular, the chapter looks at cultural heritage institutions and new media art as well as the inherent multiplicity of agendas and structures prevalent on the Web, and also explores how the shifting politics and economics of the Internet affect the creative process of content creation online. Finally, it examines how artists use the Web as a way to engage with, and even sometimes create, offline communities as much as, if not more so, than online communities.
Dariusz Jemielniak
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780804789448
- eISBN:
- 9780804791205
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804789448.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This book describes the results of a six-year ethnographic research project on Wikipedia. It explains how Wikipedia's theoretically ahierarchical system may increase Wikipedians’ perception of ...
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This book describes the results of a six-year ethnographic research project on Wikipedia. It explains how Wikipedia's theoretically ahierarchical system may increase Wikipedians’ perception of inequality in practice and how hierarchy is enacted through community elections. Although Wikipedia is sometimes portrayed as collaborative and peaceful, it often breaks into conflicts and disputes. The book describes how the gradual increase in editing participation determines its attractiveness, addictiveness, and, ultimately, its level of conflict. The seemingly chaotic organization of cooperation on Wikipedia is actually susceptible to tight control through observation of all behaviors, the participants’ structured discourse, and procedures. Nonetheless, organizational control, so strict in other aspects, is more lenient on Wikipedia than in other types of organizations in terms of credential checks, as a result of a transformation of interpersonal trust and of trust in procedures. The lack of recognition of real-world credentials and formal authority helps sustain the Wikipedia community, by both allowing for alternative authority-building patterns and negating the real-world knowledge structures. The book studies the internal composition of the Wikimedia movement and describes how it is influenced by increasing professionalization. Finally, it reviews the evolution of Jimmy Wales's leadership of Wikipedia and explains how open-collaboration communities require congruence in terms of their organizational leadership model (authoritative or egalitarian) and the exercise of leadership power (direct and interventionist or general and visionary).Less
This book describes the results of a six-year ethnographic research project on Wikipedia. It explains how Wikipedia's theoretically ahierarchical system may increase Wikipedians’ perception of inequality in practice and how hierarchy is enacted through community elections. Although Wikipedia is sometimes portrayed as collaborative and peaceful, it often breaks into conflicts and disputes. The book describes how the gradual increase in editing participation determines its attractiveness, addictiveness, and, ultimately, its level of conflict. The seemingly chaotic organization of cooperation on Wikipedia is actually susceptible to tight control through observation of all behaviors, the participants’ structured discourse, and procedures. Nonetheless, organizational control, so strict in other aspects, is more lenient on Wikipedia than in other types of organizations in terms of credential checks, as a result of a transformation of interpersonal trust and of trust in procedures. The lack of recognition of real-world credentials and formal authority helps sustain the Wikipedia community, by both allowing for alternative authority-building patterns and negating the real-world knowledge structures. The book studies the internal composition of the Wikimedia movement and describes how it is influenced by increasing professionalization. Finally, it reviews the evolution of Jimmy Wales's leadership of Wikipedia and explains how open-collaboration communities require congruence in terms of their organizational leadership model (authoritative or egalitarian) and the exercise of leadership power (direct and interventionist or general and visionary).
Ken Prouty
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617031632
- eISBN:
- 9781617031649
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617031632.003.0005
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
This chapter talks about what is called virtual jazz, and the virtual jazz world. The earliest days of this virtual jazz world have been summed by Bret Primack—writer for Jazz Times in 1998—as the ...
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This chapter talks about what is called virtual jazz, and the virtual jazz world. The earliest days of this virtual jazz world have been summed by Bret Primack—writer for Jazz Times in 1998—as the fastest growing phenomenon in the history of mankind. The website Jazz Central Station also contributed to its dramatic growth. Although many other web-based ventures were victims of the “dot-com bubble,” JCS managed to survive. It was the largest jazz resource and gathering place. However, JCS came to an end about a year after Billboard glowingly reviewed it in 1998. That same year, IBM researcher Jason Ellis highlighted some features of JCS and why it was an effective site for the formation of an online community.Less
This chapter talks about what is called virtual jazz, and the virtual jazz world. The earliest days of this virtual jazz world have been summed by Bret Primack—writer for Jazz Times in 1998—as the fastest growing phenomenon in the history of mankind. The website Jazz Central Station also contributed to its dramatic growth. Although many other web-based ventures were victims of the “dot-com bubble,” JCS managed to survive. It was the largest jazz resource and gathering place. However, JCS came to an end about a year after Billboard glowingly reviewed it in 1998. That same year, IBM researcher Jason Ellis highlighted some features of JCS and why it was an effective site for the formation of an online community.
Jessica L. Beyer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199330751
- eISBN:
- 9780199395026
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199330751.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
Chapter 6 summarizes the arguments in the book and discusses two central implications of the findings. First, nonpolitical websites and online communities are essential to understanding civic ...
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Chapter 6 summarizes the arguments in the book and discusses two central implications of the findings. First, nonpolitical websites and online communities are essential to understanding civic engagement. Because of their importance, understanding the implications of privately owned online spaces and the choices that website owners and administrators make as they shape online community spaces is crucial. Second, it is unclear what the future holds for Internet activists such as the activist Anonymous groups or the Pirate Parties. However, there is some indication that groups such as these are part of an emergent social movement focused on freedom of information.Less
Chapter 6 summarizes the arguments in the book and discusses two central implications of the findings. First, nonpolitical websites and online communities are essential to understanding civic engagement. Because of their importance, understanding the implications of privately owned online spaces and the choices that website owners and administrators make as they shape online community spaces is crucial. Second, it is unclear what the future holds for Internet activists such as the activist Anonymous groups or the Pirate Parties. However, there is some indication that groups such as these are part of an emergent social movement focused on freedom of information.
Bob Gann
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199665372
- eISBN:
- 9780191748585
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199665372.003.0015
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Listening to the voice of patients is central to health policy. The Health and Social Care Act 2012 includes a commitment to the quality of experience undergone by patients, with a duty to involve ...
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Listening to the voice of patients is central to health policy. The Health and Social Care Act 2012 includes a commitment to the quality of experience undergone by patients, with a duty to involve each patient, carer and representative in decisions relating to their care. A new Information Strategy for health and care sets the direction for providing information to patients and the public, as well as capturing and acting on their experiences. User comment on products and services is a common phenomenon in consumer society. An increasing range of government and independent websites now allow patients to provide feedback to health and social care providers, and to share their stories with other patients. Considering the experience of other patients, through online communities, can be significant to decision making about treatment options. Policy issues include the role of the state, quality assurance and risk management.Less
Listening to the voice of patients is central to health policy. The Health and Social Care Act 2012 includes a commitment to the quality of experience undergone by patients, with a duty to involve each patient, carer and representative in decisions relating to their care. A new Information Strategy for health and care sets the direction for providing information to patients and the public, as well as capturing and acting on their experiences. User comment on products and services is a common phenomenon in consumer society. An increasing range of government and independent websites now allow patients to provide feedback to health and social care providers, and to share their stories with other patients. Considering the experience of other patients, through online communities, can be significant to decision making about treatment options. Policy issues include the role of the state, quality assurance and risk management.
