Himanshu, Peter Lanjouw, and Nicholas Stern
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198806509
- eISBN:
- 9780191844102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198806509.003.0006
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This chapter examines in detail the process of agricultural development in Palanpur over seven decades. It identifies the factors that have played a significant role in shaping this process. The ...
More
This chapter examines in detail the process of agricultural development in Palanpur over seven decades. It identifies the factors that have played a significant role in shaping this process. The chapter shows that the evolution of agriculture in Palanpur involved, and was shaped by, the interactions amongst multiple factors, including demographic change, expansion of irrigation, intensification of cultivation, changing cropping patterns, farm mechanization, growing non-farm employment, marketization of factors of production, and improvements in formal credit supply. The importance of interactions between agriculture and non-agriculture, as well as within agriculture, is highlighted with respect to changing cropping patterns and intensification of mechanization and irrigation. It is also seen in institutional dynamism such as, for example, the emergence of new forms of tenancy. In providing a structured description of the changing contours of agriculture, important insights are obtained into how lives and livelihoods have changed in Palanpur.Less
This chapter examines in detail the process of agricultural development in Palanpur over seven decades. It identifies the factors that have played a significant role in shaping this process. The chapter shows that the evolution of agriculture in Palanpur involved, and was shaped by, the interactions amongst multiple factors, including demographic change, expansion of irrigation, intensification of cultivation, changing cropping patterns, farm mechanization, growing non-farm employment, marketization of factors of production, and improvements in formal credit supply. The importance of interactions between agriculture and non-agriculture, as well as within agriculture, is highlighted with respect to changing cropping patterns and intensification of mechanization and irrigation. It is also seen in institutional dynamism such as, for example, the emergence of new forms of tenancy. In providing a structured description of the changing contours of agriculture, important insights are obtained into how lives and livelihoods have changed in Palanpur.
Himanshu, Peter Lanjouw, and Nicholas Stern
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198806509
- eISBN:
- 9780191844102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198806509.003.0013
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This chapter attempts to draw on the analysis of seven decades of data and evidence from Palanpur to indicate some predictions for the future. It suggests that all-India trends of expanding non-farm, ...
More
This chapter attempts to draw on the analysis of seven decades of data and evidence from Palanpur to indicate some predictions for the future. It suggests that all-India trends of expanding non-farm, informal, employment will continue to exert an influence in Palanpur. The central role of caste and landholding in driving distributional outcomes is predicted to gradually diminish over time. However, a critical question relates to the potential role that the currently high, and rising, inequality might play in locking-in the forces that perpetuate inequality. The chapter argues that there is an intense need for improvement in the public supply of education and health services. Given the still weak state of education outcomes and also still poorly developed availability of financial services, it argues that for the foreseeable future entrepreneurship will continue to draw primarily on households’ own resources and initiative.Less
This chapter attempts to draw on the analysis of seven decades of data and evidence from Palanpur to indicate some predictions for the future. It suggests that all-India trends of expanding non-farm, informal, employment will continue to exert an influence in Palanpur. The central role of caste and landholding in driving distributional outcomes is predicted to gradually diminish over time. However, a critical question relates to the potential role that the currently high, and rising, inequality might play in locking-in the forces that perpetuate inequality. The chapter argues that there is an intense need for improvement in the public supply of education and health services. Given the still weak state of education outcomes and also still poorly developed availability of financial services, it argues that for the foreseeable future entrepreneurship will continue to draw primarily on households’ own resources and initiative.
Elisenda Estruch, Lisa Van Dijck, David Schwebel, and Josee Randriamamonjy
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- December 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198848059
- eISBN:
- 9780191882630
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198848059.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental, Public and Welfare
This chapter uses multiple data sources to illustrate the transitions made by youth over time either to the rural non-farm economy or to urban areas. Descriptives are given to the motivations and ...
More
This chapter uses multiple data sources to illustrate the transitions made by youth over time either to the rural non-farm economy or to urban areas. Descriptives are given to the motivations and constraints youth face when engaging in the RNFE or in migrant labour. The findings suggest that there are limited rural employment opportunities for youth, leading to a slow pace of rural poverty reduction. Rural youth still work mainly in poor quality jobs in agriculture, although they increasingly try: (i) to diversify their and their family’s income by engaging in nonfarm employment, or (ii) to look for options outside rural areas by migration to urban areas or abroad. We review the main policies and programmes implemented in Senegal to examine potential for reform towards pro-transformative youth employment.Less
This chapter uses multiple data sources to illustrate the transitions made by youth over time either to the rural non-farm economy or to urban areas. Descriptives are given to the motivations and constraints youth face when engaging in the RNFE or in migrant labour. The findings suggest that there are limited rural employment opportunities for youth, leading to a slow pace of rural poverty reduction. Rural youth still work mainly in poor quality jobs in agriculture, although they increasingly try: (i) to diversify their and their family’s income by engaging in nonfarm employment, or (ii) to look for options outside rural areas by migration to urban areas or abroad. We review the main policies and programmes implemented in Senegal to examine potential for reform towards pro-transformative youth employment.
