John Parkinson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199291113
- eISBN:
- 9780191604133
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019929111X.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter discusses the second broad solution to the legitimacy problems: sharing arguments through the media. It sets out the structural features of the news media and shows how they filter out ...
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This chapter discusses the second broad solution to the legitimacy problems: sharing arguments through the media. It sets out the structural features of the news media and shows how they filter out certain kinds of arguments and issues, using the example of a deliberative poll. It argues that successful argument sharing (or publicity) depends on the salience of the issue, but in such cases, small-scale deliberative processes can provide a useful focal point for coverage of all the arguments. ‘Manufacturing’ salience can lead to distortion of the issue and arguments.Less
This chapter discusses the second broad solution to the legitimacy problems: sharing arguments through the media. It sets out the structural features of the news media and shows how they filter out certain kinds of arguments and issues, using the example of a deliberative poll. It argues that successful argument sharing (or publicity) depends on the salience of the issue, but in such cases, small-scale deliberative processes can provide a useful focal point for coverage of all the arguments. ‘Manufacturing’ salience can lead to distortion of the issue and arguments.
Marisa Abrajano and Zoltan L. Hajnal
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691164434
- eISBN:
- 9781400866489
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691164434.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter examines the role of news media in driving white fears regarding immigration. In particular, it explores the relationship between media coverage of immigration and aggregate shifts in ...
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This chapter examines the role of news media in driving white fears regarding immigration. In particular, it explores the relationship between media coverage of immigration and aggregate shifts in white party identification. It first considers how the media influences public opinion before discussing the media's profit-driven incentives to frame immigration in a negative manner. Content analysis of immigration-related articles from the New York Times from 1980 to 2011 shows that when the issue of immigration is brought to the attention of the public, it is generally with an emphasis on the negative consequences of immigration. This negative coverage leads to important effects on white macropartisanship. Across this time period, the chapter finds that the reliance on the Latino threat narrative by the media is correlated with significant defection away from the Democratic Party along with increases in the proportion of the public that identifies as Republicans and Independents.Less
This chapter examines the role of news media in driving white fears regarding immigration. In particular, it explores the relationship between media coverage of immigration and aggregate shifts in white party identification. It first considers how the media influences public opinion before discussing the media's profit-driven incentives to frame immigration in a negative manner. Content analysis of immigration-related articles from the New York Times from 1980 to 2011 shows that when the issue of immigration is brought to the attention of the public, it is generally with an emphasis on the negative consequences of immigration. This negative coverage leads to important effects on white macropartisanship. Across this time period, the chapter finds that the reliance on the Latino threat narrative by the media is correlated with significant defection away from the Democratic Party along with increases in the proportion of the public that identifies as Republicans and Independents.
Ted Gest
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195103434
- eISBN:
- 9780199833887
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195103432.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
By 2001, the federal government was spending more than $5.3 billion each year to help states and cities combat crime, on top of the many billions allocated locally. In many instances, the money was ...
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By 2001, the federal government was spending more than $5.3 billion each year to help states and cities combat crime, on top of the many billions allocated locally. In many instances, the money was going to programs that had not been shown to have much effect on crime. Many ideas have been proved worthwhile, however, and deserve more support. They include cohesive community anticrime campaigns, targeted drug treatment, prevention aimed at young people who show crime tendencies, plugging leaks in the criminal justice system, better news media reporting of crime issues, wiser use of the private sector, and dampening the political rhetoric on crime. As crime has become such a political football, relatively little attention has been paid to serious research on the issue compared with the amount devoted to medicine, for example. The danger in the early 21st century was that as crime rates went down, government would downgrade even further its efforts to determine what worked and did not work in the past four decades. That could be a big mistake if crime rates started again to increase, a distinct possibility in view of downturns in the economy and more young people in the population.Less
By 2001, the federal government was spending more than $5.3 billion each year to help states and cities combat crime, on top of the many billions allocated locally. In many instances, the money was going to programs that had not been shown to have much effect on crime. Many ideas have been proved worthwhile, however, and deserve more support. They include cohesive community anticrime campaigns, targeted drug treatment, prevention aimed at young people who show crime tendencies, plugging leaks in the criminal justice system, better news media reporting of crime issues, wiser use of the private sector, and dampening the political rhetoric on crime. As crime has become such a political football, relatively little attention has been paid to serious research on the issue compared with the amount devoted to medicine, for example. The danger in the early 21st century was that as crime rates went down, government would downgrade even further its efforts to determine what worked and did not work in the past four decades. That could be a big mistake if crime rates started again to increase, a distinct possibility in view of downturns in the economy and more young people in the population.
Sam Cherribi
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199734115
- eISBN:
- 9780199866113
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199734115.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This chapter contemplates developments in ethnic political leadership, and the internal and external effects this is having on contested issues in wider European and transnational contexts, as well ...
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This chapter contemplates developments in ethnic political leadership, and the internal and external effects this is having on contested issues in wider European and transnational contexts, as well as the emergence of ethnic political leadership that had never before been so visible in the public arena. The chapter focuses on two outspoken social critics, both people of color with Muslim backgrounds who are political asylum seekers turned European citizens with major political ambitions. But the similarities end there. Dyad Abou Jahjah and Ayaan Hirsi Ali differ fundamentally in their political orientations and positions: one is against the political establishment and the other is a celebrated member of the political establishment. They also differ fundamentally in their perspectives on Islam. And, because of their genders, they also differ dramatically in their life experiences.Less
This chapter contemplates developments in ethnic political leadership, and the internal and external effects this is having on contested issues in wider European and transnational contexts, as well as the emergence of ethnic political leadership that had never before been so visible in the public arena. The chapter focuses on two outspoken social critics, both people of color with Muslim backgrounds who are political asylum seekers turned European citizens with major political ambitions. But the similarities end there. Dyad Abou Jahjah and Ayaan Hirsi Ali differ fundamentally in their political orientations and positions: one is against the political establishment and the other is a celebrated member of the political establishment. They also differ fundamentally in their perspectives on Islam. And, because of their genders, they also differ dramatically in their life experiences.
Abigail C Saguy
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199857081
- eISBN:
- 9780199315925
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199857081.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Drawing on two different paired samples of scientific studies of obesity and news reporting on those studies, this chapter examines the respective roles played by scientific research and the news ...
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Drawing on two different paired samples of scientific studies of obesity and news reporting on those studies, this chapter examines the respective roles played by scientific research and the news media in framing fat and assessing blame and responsibility for the “obesity epidemic.” It further examines how the news media evaluate the credibility of specific claims and the scientists and activists making those claims.Less
Drawing on two different paired samples of scientific studies of obesity and news reporting on those studies, this chapter examines the respective roles played by scientific research and the news media in framing fat and assessing blame and responsibility for the “obesity epidemic.” It further examines how the news media evaluate the credibility of specific claims and the scientists and activists making those claims.
Michael Schudson
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199562992
- eISBN:
- 9780191701856
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199562992.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The news media in a democracy play multiple civic roles: providing the public information relevant to their decisions as voters and their participation as citizens; keeping watch on political power ...
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The news media in a democracy play multiple civic roles: providing the public information relevant to their decisions as voters and their participation as citizens; keeping watch on political power by investing in pertinent investigations; analysing and interpreting complex phenomena for both the lay and professional public; providing a public forum for political discussion; mobilizing viewers and readers for civic participation; and offering citizens a portrait of their neighbours at home and around the world so that they can better understand people different from themselves. When media take on these tasks and perform them well, they provide a locus of authority outside formal governmental structures and sometimes critical of government. This makes them necessarily agents of the dispersal of power.Less
The news media in a democracy play multiple civic roles: providing the public information relevant to their decisions as voters and their participation as citizens; keeping watch on political power by investing in pertinent investigations; analysing and interpreting complex phenomena for both the lay and professional public; providing a public forum for political discussion; mobilizing viewers and readers for civic participation; and offering citizens a portrait of their neighbours at home and around the world so that they can better understand people different from themselves. When media take on these tasks and perform them well, they provide a locus of authority outside formal governmental structures and sometimes critical of government. This makes them necessarily agents of the dispersal of power.
Martin Gilens (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300095418
- eISBN:
- 9780300129847
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300095418.003.0018
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Americans rely heavily on the news media for information about society in general, and the media shape the public's perception of the social and political world they inhabit. This chapter ...
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Americans rely heavily on the news media for information about society in general, and the media shape the public's perception of the social and political world they inhabit. This chapter investigates the role of the national news media in shaping American's views on race, poverty, and welfare. It examines news magazines and television news shows and argues that mass media distortions correspond with public misperceptions about race and poverty.Less
Americans rely heavily on the news media for information about society in general, and the media shape the public's perception of the social and political world they inhabit. This chapter investigates the role of the national news media in shaping American's views on race, poverty, and welfare. It examines news magazines and television news shows and argues that mass media distortions correspond with public misperceptions about race and poverty.
Simon Chapman
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199566655
- eISBN:
- 9780191594410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199566655.003.0041
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter provides a brief practitioners' guide to some fundamental principles of tobacco control advocacy in its core tasks of convincing politicians to act and supporting them when they do. ...
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This chapter provides a brief practitioners' guide to some fundamental principles of tobacco control advocacy in its core tasks of convincing politicians to act and supporting them when they do. Politicians, particularly health ministers, are of absolutely cardinal importance for the passage of tobacco control legislation. If a health minister is not interested in tobacco control, or sees it as a political liability, that legislation will not progress. The central dilemma of tobacco control advocacy is therefore how to persuade health ministers of the importance of tobacco control and then to try to extend that influence to the health minister's cabinet colleagues, without whose support legislation will not pass. If the government's political majority relies on the votes of a small number of independent politicians, these too will be critical to efforts.Less
This chapter provides a brief practitioners' guide to some fundamental principles of tobacco control advocacy in its core tasks of convincing politicians to act and supporting them when they do. Politicians, particularly health ministers, are of absolutely cardinal importance for the passage of tobacco control legislation. If a health minister is not interested in tobacco control, or sees it as a political liability, that legislation will not progress. The central dilemma of tobacco control advocacy is therefore how to persuade health ministers of the importance of tobacco control and then to try to extend that influence to the health minister's cabinet colleagues, without whose support legislation will not pass. If the government's political majority relies on the votes of a small number of independent politicians, these too will be critical to efforts.
Julian E. Zelizer
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691150734
- eISBN:
- 9781400841899
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691150734.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, American History: early to 18th Century
This chapter examines the origins of congressional reform in the 1970s and how the struggle over institutional reform during the period presents historians an excellent opportunity to reconceptualize ...
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This chapter examines the origins of congressional reform in the 1970s and how the struggle over institutional reform during the period presents historians an excellent opportunity to reconceptualize the way in which we study Congress. It considers three forces outside Congress in the 1960s that established a strong foundation for congressional reform in the 1970s: the Supreme Court and voters, the news media and its coverage of congressional scandals, and the political discourse about institutional reform. It shows that electoral reform, changing media coverage on congressional scandal, and the discourse about institutional reform converged to establish a strong foundation for reform in the next decade by focusing new attention on how Congress operated, who ran Congress, and how Congress fit within the larger needs of the nation's political system.Less
This chapter examines the origins of congressional reform in the 1970s and how the struggle over institutional reform during the period presents historians an excellent opportunity to reconceptualize the way in which we study Congress. It considers three forces outside Congress in the 1960s that established a strong foundation for congressional reform in the 1970s: the Supreme Court and voters, the news media and its coverage of congressional scandals, and the political discourse about institutional reform. It shows that electoral reform, changing media coverage on congressional scandal, and the discourse about institutional reform converged to establish a strong foundation for reform in the next decade by focusing new attention on how Congress operated, who ran Congress, and how Congress fit within the larger needs of the nation's political system.
Eli M. Noam
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199987238
- eISBN:
- 9780190210182
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199987238.003.0037
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Research and Statistics, Economic Sociology
This chapter summarizes, presents, and analyzes data from the preceding chapters. It covers the following: convergence trends, factors for industry concentration, explanatory variables for ...
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This chapter summarizes, presents, and analyzes data from the preceding chapters. It covers the following: convergence trends, factors for industry concentration, explanatory variables for intra-industry by variations in concentration, diversity and media voices; cross-ownership around the world, the export of media by countries, the share of "Hollywood" industry in the various countries’ content media, ranking the world’s largest companies, and market power in news media, both nationally and worldwide.Less
This chapter summarizes, presents, and analyzes data from the preceding chapters. It covers the following: convergence trends, factors for industry concentration, explanatory variables for intra-industry by variations in concentration, diversity and media voices; cross-ownership around the world, the export of media by countries, the share of "Hollywood" industry in the various countries’ content media, ranking the world’s largest companies, and market power in news media, both nationally and worldwide.
Andrew Thorpe
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198202189
- eISBN:
- 9780191675195
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202189.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
How did the politicians' messages reach the voters? This chapter seeks to answer this question, first by reference to the political parties' own electioneering, and secondly, by analysis of the news ...
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How did the politicians' messages reach the voters? This chapter seeks to answer this question, first by reference to the political parties' own electioneering, and secondly, by analysis of the news media during the election. It is worth noting that the election campaign was not exceptionally short; on the contrary, at twenty days it was of identical duration to that in every general election held in Britain between 1922 and October 1974, with the single exception of 1966. For many supporters of the Labour Party, the campaign opened with great enthusiasm. Transport House declared that 500 seats would be contested. Their opponents were rather sceptical of this mood. After all, William Graham had predicted a ‘savage’ fight, while Arthur Henderson had spoken privately to the Conservative Party's junior minister, Kingsley Wood, in very gloomy terms, and predicted publicly that it would be ‘the most bitter election’ of his career.Less
How did the politicians' messages reach the voters? This chapter seeks to answer this question, first by reference to the political parties' own electioneering, and secondly, by analysis of the news media during the election. It is worth noting that the election campaign was not exceptionally short; on the contrary, at twenty days it was of identical duration to that in every general election held in Britain between 1922 and October 1974, with the single exception of 1966. For many supporters of the Labour Party, the campaign opened with great enthusiasm. Transport House declared that 500 seats would be contested. Their opponents were rather sceptical of this mood. After all, William Graham had predicted a ‘savage’ fight, while Arthur Henderson had spoken privately to the Conservative Party's junior minister, Kingsley Wood, in very gloomy terms, and predicted publicly that it would be ‘the most bitter election’ of his career.
Pablo J. Boczkowski
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226062792
- eISBN:
- 9780226062785
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226062785.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
This chapter analyzes several patterns that mark the consumption of homogenized news. There is a difference between the stories consumers most frequently choose to read and the top stories provided ...
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This chapter analyzes several patterns that mark the consumption of homogenized news. There is a difference between the stories consumers most frequently choose to read and the top stories provided to them by journalists. This difference is expressed by a lower level of content overlap among the stories chosen by consumers than among those provided by journalists. It is also expressed by the divergent story selection thematic patterns between the two groups. Most consumers dislike homogenized news and associate their consumption with a negative affect and this state of affairs tends not to trigger participatory efforts toward social change. Taken together, these patterns create a complex set of dynamics for consumers by pulling them in opposite directions. Though the divergence between consumer and journalistic preferences and the negative assessment of homogenized news among consumers could lead to increased consumer-driven social process.Less
This chapter analyzes several patterns that mark the consumption of homogenized news. There is a difference between the stories consumers most frequently choose to read and the top stories provided to them by journalists. This difference is expressed by a lower level of content overlap among the stories chosen by consumers than among those provided by journalists. It is also expressed by the divergent story selection thematic patterns between the two groups. Most consumers dislike homogenized news and associate their consumption with a negative affect and this state of affairs tends not to trigger participatory efforts toward social change. Taken together, these patterns create a complex set of dynamics for consumers by pulling them in opposite directions. Though the divergence between consumer and journalistic preferences and the negative assessment of homogenized news among consumers could lead to increased consumer-driven social process.
Pablo J. Boczkowski
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226062792
- eISBN:
- 9780226062785
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226062785.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Science, Technology and Environment
This chapter discusses the empirical examination of the production, products, and consumption of news and the dynamics of imitation. It examines a reduction in content diversity with respect to the ...
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This chapter discusses the empirical examination of the production, products, and consumption of news and the dynamics of imitation. It examines a reduction in content diversity with respect to the culture and politics of contemporary social life. The growth in the proportion of generic news content shared across the mainstream media and the growth in the role of third-party providers, such as wire service agencies, that supply this content might drastically narrow the news agenda put forward by these media and concentrate a substantial portion of the power to set this agenda among a handful of players. The analysis presented in this chapter argues that it might be tied to a rise in the prevalence of generic news content and the importance of the wire services providing it. It may also be related to a decrease in the watchdog role traditionally played by news organizations and the concomitant alterations in the balance of power in society. The analysis also highlights the inability of consumer-driven alternatives to reach large segments of the population with a wider and more diverse set of stories.Less
This chapter discusses the empirical examination of the production, products, and consumption of news and the dynamics of imitation. It examines a reduction in content diversity with respect to the culture and politics of contemporary social life. The growth in the proportion of generic news content shared across the mainstream media and the growth in the role of third-party providers, such as wire service agencies, that supply this content might drastically narrow the news agenda put forward by these media and concentrate a substantial portion of the power to set this agenda among a handful of players. The analysis presented in this chapter argues that it might be tied to a rise in the prevalence of generic news content and the importance of the wire services providing it. It may also be related to a decrease in the watchdog role traditionally played by news organizations and the concomitant alterations in the balance of power in society. The analysis also highlights the inability of consumer-driven alternatives to reach large segments of the population with a wider and more diverse set of stories.
David Deacon
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748627486
- eISBN:
- 9780748651368
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748627486.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
The Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) was reported by some of the most eminent journalists of the twentieth century and was the subject of reportage that still endures in public memory. However, this ...
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The Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) was reported by some of the most eminent journalists of the twentieth century and was the subject of reportage that still endures in public memory. However, this represents just a small fraction of the total news coverage of the war, raising the possibility that it provides a partial, even atypical, view of the international media's engagement with, and performance in, the conflict. This book provides the most extensive and detailed analysis of the reporting of the conflict ever undertaken, examining the personalities, routines, pressures, and structures that shaped news coverage of the war in Britain as it unfolded. The book combines a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on the role of the news media in the conflict, with a vast amount of new evidence, gleaned from the author's detailed investigations in a range of official and media archives.Less
The Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) was reported by some of the most eminent journalists of the twentieth century and was the subject of reportage that still endures in public memory. However, this represents just a small fraction of the total news coverage of the war, raising the possibility that it provides a partial, even atypical, view of the international media's engagement with, and performance in, the conflict. This book provides the most extensive and detailed analysis of the reporting of the conflict ever undertaken, examining the personalities, routines, pressures, and structures that shaped news coverage of the war in Britain as it unfolded. The book combines a comprehensive overview of the existing literature on the role of the news media in the conflict, with a vast amount of new evidence, gleaned from the author's detailed investigations in a range of official and media archives.
Gemma Birkett
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447319306
- eISBN:
- 9781447319320
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447319306.003.0013
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
While there exists a broad political consensus about the unnecessary overuse of short custodial sentences for non-violent women a number of obstacles to the successful realisation of this strategy ...
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While there exists a broad political consensus about the unnecessary overuse of short custodial sentences for non-violent women a number of obstacles to the successful realisation of this strategy persist. Based on empirical data gathered from interviews with Directors of national penal reform organisations, former Justice Ministers and senior civil servants, social commentators and journalists from across the spectrum, this chapter will critically explore the role of the national print news media in the reform of women’s penal policy. Highlighting the peripheral status of women’s penal reform on the policy agenda, it will shine a spotlight on the relations between penal reform campaigners, policymakers and journalists, before considering some practical tips for those working in this area.Less
While there exists a broad political consensus about the unnecessary overuse of short custodial sentences for non-violent women a number of obstacles to the successful realisation of this strategy persist. Based on empirical data gathered from interviews with Directors of national penal reform organisations, former Justice Ministers and senior civil servants, social commentators and journalists from across the spectrum, this chapter will critically explore the role of the national print news media in the reform of women’s penal policy. Highlighting the peripheral status of women’s penal reform on the policy agenda, it will shine a spotlight on the relations between penal reform campaigners, policymakers and journalists, before considering some practical tips for those working in this area.
Joseph E. Uscinski
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814760338
- eISBN:
- 9780814762868
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814760338.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This chapter discusses the development of media effects research. It examines how demands for information influence not only the content of news but also the ability of the news to influence the ...
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This chapter discusses the development of media effects research. It examines how demands for information influence not only the content of news but also the ability of the news to influence the public and its leaders. Evidence suggests that the news media greatly impact the public's political opinions and behaviors. Perhaps the most broadly accepted and studied impact of the news is its ability to set the audience's issue agenda. In this scenario, news outlets report issues, and the public subsequently views those issues as important. This represents a very powerful effect, and a multitude of studies have lent credence to this paradigm, called “agenda-setting.” The chapter explains how audience demands affect news issue content and therefore mediate the agenda-setting impact that news outlets could potentially have on audiences.Less
This chapter discusses the development of media effects research. It examines how demands for information influence not only the content of news but also the ability of the news to influence the public and its leaders. Evidence suggests that the news media greatly impact the public's political opinions and behaviors. Perhaps the most broadly accepted and studied impact of the news is its ability to set the audience's issue agenda. In this scenario, news outlets report issues, and the public subsequently views those issues as important. This represents a very powerful effect, and a multitude of studies have lent credence to this paradigm, called “agenda-setting.” The chapter explains how audience demands affect news issue content and therefore mediate the agenda-setting impact that news outlets could potentially have on audiences.
John Jenks
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748623143
- eISBN:
- 9780748651344
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748623143.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter investigates the gyrations of British propaganda and media from the 1941 forging of the Anglo-Soviet alliance, through the wartime honeymoon and into the post-war deterioration of the ...
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This chapter investigates the gyrations of British propaganda and media from the 1941 forging of the Anglo-Soviet alliance, through the wartime honeymoon and into the post-war deterioration of the relationship, and also addresses Britain's acknowledgement of a Cold War in January 1948. The Foreign Office thought that the regular flow of news from the upcoming Paris Peace Conference would continue the trend and do much of the anti-Soviet work for them. The failure of the London Conference of Foreign Ministers in late 1947 was the justification and signal for the new policy. By early 1948, the British news media had created a frame in which the Soviet Union was a brutal, untrustworthy adversary, which shaped the news that created the Cold War consensus. At that point, the government created the Information Research Department to spread this consensus overseas and reinforce it at home.Less
This chapter investigates the gyrations of British propaganda and media from the 1941 forging of the Anglo-Soviet alliance, through the wartime honeymoon and into the post-war deterioration of the relationship, and also addresses Britain's acknowledgement of a Cold War in January 1948. The Foreign Office thought that the regular flow of news from the upcoming Paris Peace Conference would continue the trend and do much of the anti-Soviet work for them. The failure of the London Conference of Foreign Ministers in late 1947 was the justification and signal for the new policy. By early 1948, the British news media had created a frame in which the Soviet Union was a brutal, untrustworthy adversary, which shaped the news that created the Cold War consensus. At that point, the government created the Information Research Department to spread this consensus overseas and reinforce it at home.
William H. Lawson
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496816351
- eISBN:
- 9781496816399
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496816351.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Political History
Chapter Three explores the organizing, recruiting, and canvassing of the Freedom Vote and covers the months of August, September, and October of 1963, when the campaign evolved from an idea to a ...
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Chapter Three explores the organizing, recruiting, and canvassing of the Freedom Vote and covers the months of August, September, and October of 1963, when the campaign evolved from an idea to a tactical engagement: from the drawing board out into the field. The textual artifacts analyzed become more frequent and include news articles, internal memos, and press releases. The chapter delves into the competing representations produced by news media and the campaign itself. Local, regional, and even a few national news sources produced and ran stories covering the campaign. These texts reveal the different perceptions of the campaign circulating in the news media, creating an interesting inside/outside thematic dichotomy.Less
Chapter Three explores the organizing, recruiting, and canvassing of the Freedom Vote and covers the months of August, September, and October of 1963, when the campaign evolved from an idea to a tactical engagement: from the drawing board out into the field. The textual artifacts analyzed become more frequent and include news articles, internal memos, and press releases. The chapter delves into the competing representations produced by news media and the campaign itself. Local, regional, and even a few national news sources produced and ran stories covering the campaign. These texts reveal the different perceptions of the campaign circulating in the news media, creating an interesting inside/outside thematic dichotomy.
Leigh Turner
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199917907
- eISBN:
- 9780199332878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199917907.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
This chapter describes twenty-seven reported cases of medical tourists who died during or shortly after undergoing cosmetic surgery or bariatric surgery abroad since 1993. It limits the analysis to ...
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This chapter describes twenty-seven reported cases of medical tourists who died during or shortly after undergoing cosmetic surgery or bariatric surgery abroad since 1993. It limits the analysis to news media reports that were in the public domain and were intended for public consumption. It also offers brief descriptions of these cases of mortality in individuals who traveled abroad and underwent cosmetic or bariatric surgery at international medical facilities. Of the twenty-seven reported deaths, twenty-five of the individuals were women. Eleven individuals had died after receiving health care in Mexico. Four fatalities had taken place in the Dominican Republic. In general, the in-depth case studies indicate strategies that might enhance patient safety, quality of care, disclosure of information, quality of advertising, and protection of patients in the global marketplace for health services. The significance of establishing effective measures for tracking clinical outcomes in medical tourism is also observed.Less
This chapter describes twenty-seven reported cases of medical tourists who died during or shortly after undergoing cosmetic surgery or bariatric surgery abroad since 1993. It limits the analysis to news media reports that were in the public domain and were intended for public consumption. It also offers brief descriptions of these cases of mortality in individuals who traveled abroad and underwent cosmetic or bariatric surgery at international medical facilities. Of the twenty-seven reported deaths, twenty-five of the individuals were women. Eleven individuals had died after receiving health care in Mexico. Four fatalities had taken place in the Dominican Republic. In general, the in-depth case studies indicate strategies that might enhance patient safety, quality of care, disclosure of information, quality of advertising, and protection of patients in the global marketplace for health services. The significance of establishing effective measures for tracking clinical outcomes in medical tourism is also observed.
René Urueña
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199658244
- eISBN:
- 9780199949915
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199658244.003.0010
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter considers the roles played by the indicators of the circumstances and numbers of internally displaced persons in Colombia, which is an issue of great importance in the country, and is a ...
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This chapter considers the roles played by the indicators of the circumstances and numbers of internally displaced persons in Colombia, which is an issue of great importance in the country, and is a result of massive violence. It first outlines the movement of numbers from local compliers — that have little to no direct influence — into reports of well-known external organizations (e.g. United Nations), then back to Colombian political debates and news media. It considers the possibility of the presence of a dialectic element in the process of creating and applying indicators, which can be used for local purposes that are not related to their original ‘global’ origin. This chapter also takes a look at the interaction between the users and the producers of indicators.Less
This chapter considers the roles played by the indicators of the circumstances and numbers of internally displaced persons in Colombia, which is an issue of great importance in the country, and is a result of massive violence. It first outlines the movement of numbers from local compliers — that have little to no direct influence — into reports of well-known external organizations (e.g. United Nations), then back to Colombian political debates and news media. It considers the possibility of the presence of a dialectic element in the process of creating and applying indicators, which can be used for local purposes that are not related to their original ‘global’ origin. This chapter also takes a look at the interaction between the users and the producers of indicators.
