Mark Bevir and R. A. W. Rhodes
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199580750
- eISBN:
- 9780191723179
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580750.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, Political Theory
This chapter examines the leading present-day expression of modernist-empiricism: the new institutionalism. First, it challenges the belief of new institutionalists that they have a shared new ...
More
This chapter examines the leading present-day expression of modernist-empiricism: the new institutionalism. First, it challenges the belief of new institutionalists that they have a shared new paradigm. Instead, we suggest it is varied, containing strands that can scarcely be reconciled with one another. Second, it argues that historical institutionalism exists primarily as a counter to rational choice institutionalism but its inductive, modernist-empiricist logic lacks a micro-level theory for explaining historical change and awareness grows that it is not a distinctive approach. Third, it argues that ideational or constructivist institutionalism offers a promising way forward provided it develops a micro-theory that appeals to the beliefs and desires of actors and it breaks with the ahistorical forms of explanation of modernist-empiricism.Less
This chapter examines the leading present-day expression of modernist-empiricism: the new institutionalism. First, it challenges the belief of new institutionalists that they have a shared new paradigm. Instead, we suggest it is varied, containing strands that can scarcely be reconciled with one another. Second, it argues that historical institutionalism exists primarily as a counter to rational choice institutionalism but its inductive, modernist-empiricist logic lacks a micro-level theory for explaining historical change and awareness grows that it is not a distinctive approach. Third, it argues that ideational or constructivist institutionalism offers a promising way forward provided it develops a micro-theory that appeals to the beliefs and desires of actors and it breaks with the ahistorical forms of explanation of modernist-empiricism.
B. Guy Peters
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198294719
- eISBN:
- 9780191599361
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198294719.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Reference
What's ‘new’ about ‘new institutionalism’? New institutionalism arises through the use of new behavioural methodology, bringing with it new variables, new focus of interest, and a growth in ...
More
What's ‘new’ about ‘new institutionalism’? New institutionalism arises through the use of new behavioural methodology, bringing with it new variables, new focus of interest, and a growth in comparativism. Varieties of new institutionalism exist, and these are reviewed in the form of normative, rational choice, historical, social, and structural applications. Theoretical issues related to new institutionalism are considered.Less
What's ‘new’ about ‘new institutionalism’? New institutionalism arises through the use of new behavioural methodology, bringing with it new variables, new focus of interest, and a growth in comparativism. Varieties of new institutionalism exist, and these are reviewed in the form of normative, rational choice, historical, social, and structural applications. Theoretical issues related to new institutionalism are considered.
Mark Bevir and R. A. W. Rhodes
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199580750
- eISBN:
- 9780191723179
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199580750.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, Political Theory
The State as Cultural Practice offers a fully worked out account of the authors' distinctive interpretive approach to political science. It challenges the new institutionalism, probably ...
More
The State as Cultural Practice offers a fully worked out account of the authors' distinctive interpretive approach to political science. It challenges the new institutionalism, probably the most significant present-day strand in both American and British political science. It moves away from such notions as ‘bringing the state back in’, ‘path dependency’, and modernist empiricism. Instead, Bevir and Rhodes argue for an anti-foundational analysis, observational and historical methods, and a decentred approach that rejects any essentialist definition of the state and espouses the idea of politics as cultural practice. The book has three aims: • To develop an anti-foundational theory of the state; • To develop a new research agenda around the topics of rule, rationalities, and resistance; • By exploring empirical shifts and debates about the changing nature of the state to show how anti-foundational theory leads us to see them differently. Bevir and Rhodes argue for the idea of ‘the stateless state’ or the state as meaning-in-action. So, the state is neither monolithic nor a causal agent. It consists solely of the contingent actions of specific individuals; of diverse beliefs about the public sphere, about authority and power, which are constructed differently in contending traditions. Continuity and change are products of people inheriting traditions and modifying them in response to dilemmas. A decentred approach explores the limits to the state and seeks to develop a more diverse view of state authority and its exercise. In short, political scientists need to bring people back in to the study of the state.Less
The State as Cultural Practice offers a fully worked out account of the authors' distinctive interpretive approach to political science. It challenges the new institutionalism, probably the most significant present-day strand in both American and British political science. It moves away from such notions as ‘bringing the state back in’, ‘path dependency’, and modernist empiricism. Instead, Bevir and Rhodes argue for an anti-foundational analysis, observational and historical methods, and a decentred approach that rejects any essentialist definition of the state and espouses the idea of politics as cultural practice. The book has three aims: • To develop an anti-foundational theory of the state; • To develop a new research agenda around the topics of rule, rationalities, and resistance; • By exploring empirical shifts and debates about the changing nature of the state to show how anti-foundational theory leads us to see them differently. Bevir and Rhodes argue for the idea of ‘the stateless state’ or the state as meaning-in-action. So, the state is neither monolithic nor a causal agent. It consists solely of the contingent actions of specific individuals; of diverse beliefs about the public sphere, about authority and power, which are constructed differently in contending traditions. Continuity and change are products of people inheriting traditions and modifying them in response to dilemmas. A decentred approach explores the limits to the state and seeks to develop a more diverse view of state authority and its exercise. In short, political scientists need to bring people back in to the study of the state.
Michael Koß
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199572755
- eISBN:
- 9780191595103
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572755.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, Political Economy
This chapter discusses existing hypotheses about the reasons for the introduction of state funding to political parties and links them to one of the main new institutionalist approaches. From a ...
More
This chapter discusses existing hypotheses about the reasons for the introduction of state funding to political parties and links them to one of the main new institutionalist approaches. From a rational choice perspective, state funding to political parties is a response to rising costs of political competition. However, these costs have risen in all democracies, no matter whether state funding has been introduced. From a historical institutionalist perspective, the introduction of state funding is, for instance, linked to étatiste traditions. This explanation fails to explain why, in some countries, no state funding exists despite influential étatiste traditions, or why state funding was only introduced when these traditions were actually eroding. Normative institutionalist approaches link the introduction of state funding with a specific logic of appropriateness which, for instance, prompted a perception of parties as ‘public utilities’. In order to avoid such barely falsifiable arguments, the next chapter refers to actor-based institutionalism.Less
This chapter discusses existing hypotheses about the reasons for the introduction of state funding to political parties and links them to one of the main new institutionalist approaches. From a rational choice perspective, state funding to political parties is a response to rising costs of political competition. However, these costs have risen in all democracies, no matter whether state funding has been introduced. From a historical institutionalist perspective, the introduction of state funding is, for instance, linked to étatiste traditions. This explanation fails to explain why, in some countries, no state funding exists despite influential étatiste traditions, or why state funding was only introduced when these traditions were actually eroding. Normative institutionalist approaches link the introduction of state funding with a specific logic of appropriateness which, for instance, prompted a perception of parties as ‘public utilities’. In order to avoid such barely falsifiable arguments, the next chapter refers to actor-based institutionalism.
Robert E. Goodin and Hans‐Dieter Klingemann
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198294719
- eISBN:
- 9780191599361
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198294719.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Reference
What is political science and what are its main contentions? Reviews the discipline and its contemporary boundaries with regard to theoretical questions and methodological integration. The discipline ...
More
What is political science and what are its main contentions? Reviews the discipline and its contemporary boundaries with regard to theoretical questions and methodological integration. The discipline is maturing, seen in an embrace of pluralism and an overlapping consensus in the role of rationality, institutions, and culture. Reviews new themes built on previous omissions, such as feminism, leading to post‐modern and post‐positivist approaches. Calculates the sub‐discipline powerhouses and most‐ cited authors across the field––across which the whole book provides an overview.Less
What is political science and what are its main contentions? Reviews the discipline and its contemporary boundaries with regard to theoretical questions and methodological integration. The discipline is maturing, seen in an embrace of pluralism and an overlapping consensus in the role of rationality, institutions, and culture. Reviews new themes built on previous omissions, such as feminism, leading to post‐modern and post‐positivist approaches. Calculates the sub‐discipline powerhouses and most‐ cited authors across the field––across which the whole book provides an overview.
Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The analysis of women’s self-described roles as representatives of women finds both convincing evidence of consensus among women members over time and across parties as well as an abundance of ...
More
The analysis of women’s self-described roles as representatives of women finds both convincing evidence of consensus among women members over time and across parties as well as an abundance of complexity, pointing once again to the importance of going beyond what women say to other factors that give practical meaning to their words: perceptions of women as a group, resentment of perceived gender-related problems facing women, commitment to advancing women, and differences in the relative priority of working on behalf of women. Deconstructing ‘women’ and ‘women’s issues’ reveals differences in meanings that may contribute to different actions on different issues, benefiting different women. A closer look at partisan differences in the institutional and extra-institutional environments reveals challenges and opportunities for surrogate representation of women, which contribute to disunity among women in practice and perhaps diversity in the way feminist protest is manifested.Less
The analysis of women’s self-described roles as representatives of women finds both convincing evidence of consensus among women members over time and across parties as well as an abundance of complexity, pointing once again to the importance of going beyond what women say to other factors that give practical meaning to their words: perceptions of women as a group, resentment of perceived gender-related problems facing women, commitment to advancing women, and differences in the relative priority of working on behalf of women. Deconstructing ‘women’ and ‘women’s issues’ reveals differences in meanings that may contribute to different actions on different issues, benefiting different women. A closer look at partisan differences in the institutional and extra-institutional environments reveals challenges and opportunities for surrogate representation of women, which contribute to disunity among women in practice and perhaps diversity in the way feminist protest is manifested.
Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter deconstructs women’s words of connection to women, focusing on the connection women members of Congress feel towards other political women. Content analysis of transcripts shows that ...
More
This chapter deconstructs women’s words of connection to women, focusing on the connection women members of Congress feel towards other political women. Content analysis of transcripts shows that women members of Congress seem to conceptualize political women as a group with shared experiences and comradery, common concerns, and/or interrelated fates. However, the data also show that beneath the veneer of unity and connectedness revealed in women’s words is considerable complexity, driven not only by individual level forces — ideology, life experiences, race, etc. — but also shaped by the institutional environment of Congress and the constraints posed by its partisan structure.Less
This chapter deconstructs women’s words of connection to women, focusing on the connection women members of Congress feel towards other political women. Content analysis of transcripts shows that women members of Congress seem to conceptualize political women as a group with shared experiences and comradery, common concerns, and/or interrelated fates. However, the data also show that beneath the veneer of unity and connectedness revealed in women’s words is considerable complexity, driven not only by individual level forces — ideology, life experiences, race, etc. — but also shaped by the institutional environment of Congress and the constraints posed by its partisan structure.
Debra L. Dodson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780198296744
- eISBN:
- 9780191603709
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198296746.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The ratings of ten interest groups, along with party unity and presidential support scores, are analyzed to explore the broader evidence of change and stability in gender difference and women’s ...
More
The ratings of ten interest groups, along with party unity and presidential support scores, are analyzed to explore the broader evidence of change and stability in gender difference and women’s impact across the strikingly different environments of the 103rd and 104th Congresses. Although the results suggest that increased descriptive representation will enhance substantive representation of women, these findings of gender difference coexist with evidence that descriptive representation might not necessarily contribute to increased substantive representation of women. Gender differences narrowed in the 104th, primarily due to the influx of a new cohort of Republican women who were in some cases even more conservative than their male colleagues, but also due to ‘conversion’ effects, as veteran Republican women shifted rightward in an institutional environment where the cost of difference increased. With Democratic men on average being more feminist/liberal than Republican women on average, the question is raised whether substantive representation of women would be better served by increasing the proportional presence of Democrats (regardless of gender) or by increasing women’s presence regardless of party.Less
The ratings of ten interest groups, along with party unity and presidential support scores, are analyzed to explore the broader evidence of change and stability in gender difference and women’s impact across the strikingly different environments of the 103rd and 104th Congresses. Although the results suggest that increased descriptive representation will enhance substantive representation of women, these findings of gender difference coexist with evidence that descriptive representation might not necessarily contribute to increased substantive representation of women. Gender differences narrowed in the 104th, primarily due to the influx of a new cohort of Republican women who were in some cases even more conservative than their male colleagues, but also due to ‘conversion’ effects, as veteran Republican women shifted rightward in an institutional environment where the cost of difference increased. With Democratic men on average being more feminist/liberal than Republican women on average, the question is raised whether substantive representation of women would be better served by increasing the proportional presence of Democrats (regardless of gender) or by increasing women’s presence regardless of party.
Kate Crowley, Jenny Stewart, Adrian Kay, and Brian W. Head
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781447333111
- eISBN:
- 9781447333159
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447333111.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
Although institutions are central to the study of public policy, the focus upon them has shifted over time. This chapter is concerned with the role of institutions in problem solving and the utility ...
More
Although institutions are central to the study of public policy, the focus upon them has shifted over time. This chapter is concerned with the role of institutions in problem solving and the utility of an evolving institutional theory that has significantly fragmented. It argues that the rise of new institutionalism in particular is symptomatic of the growing complexity in problems and policy making. We review the complex landscape of institutional theory, we reconsider institutions in the context of emergent networks and systems in the governance era, and we reflect upon institutions and the notion of policy shaping in contemporary times. We find that network institutionalism, which draws upon policy network and community approaches, has a particular utility for depicting and explaining complex policy.Less
Although institutions are central to the study of public policy, the focus upon them has shifted over time. This chapter is concerned with the role of institutions in problem solving and the utility of an evolving institutional theory that has significantly fragmented. It argues that the rise of new institutionalism in particular is symptomatic of the growing complexity in problems and policy making. We review the complex landscape of institutional theory, we reconsider institutions in the context of emergent networks and systems in the governance era, and we reflect upon institutions and the notion of policy shaping in contemporary times. We find that network institutionalism, which draws upon policy network and community approaches, has a particular utility for depicting and explaining complex policy.
Dorothy McBride Stetson
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199242665
- eISBN:
- 9780191600258
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199242666.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The introduction describes in full the comparative politics research design developed by the Research Network on Gender Politics and the State and used to study the role of women's policy agencies as ...
More
The introduction describes in full the comparative politics research design developed by the Research Network on Gender Politics and the State and used to study the role of women's policy agencies as allies or adversaries of women's movement activists in influencing abortion policy and politics. The theoretical foundation integrates several theoretical strands: democratic representation, new institutionalism, and social movement impact. The chapter describes the network's theory of state feminism and provides a primer on the comparative method in policy research.Less
The introduction describes in full the comparative politics research design developed by the Research Network on Gender Politics and the State and used to study the role of women's policy agencies as allies or adversaries of women's movement activists in influencing abortion policy and politics. The theoretical foundation integrates several theoretical strands: democratic representation, new institutionalism, and social movement impact. The chapter describes the network's theory of state feminism and provides a primer on the comparative method in policy research.
Annette Miae Kim
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195369397
- eISBN:
- 9780199871032
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195369397.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
The emergence of entrepreneurs and a private real estate market in Vietnam is one of a growing number of cases that challenges the Washington consensus approach to international development. Vietnam ...
More
The emergence of entrepreneurs and a private real estate market in Vietnam is one of a growing number of cases that challenges the Washington consensus approach to international development. Vietnam has some of the weakest private property protections, an authoritarian government which intervenes in the management of firms, and under-developed financial and legal institutions. While there is growing consensus that institutions and power matter in explaining the variation in economic outcomes that we observe, this chapter discusses the limits of the disparate new institutionalist literatures and traditional political economy accounts. It then introduces social cognition theory as a way to connect the insights of these literatures and to explain better the processes of major institutional change.Less
The emergence of entrepreneurs and a private real estate market in Vietnam is one of a growing number of cases that challenges the Washington consensus approach to international development. Vietnam has some of the weakest private property protections, an authoritarian government which intervenes in the management of firms, and under-developed financial and legal institutions. While there is growing consensus that institutions and power matter in explaining the variation in economic outcomes that we observe, this chapter discusses the limits of the disparate new institutionalist literatures and traditional political economy accounts. It then introduces social cognition theory as a way to connect the insights of these literatures and to explain better the processes of major institutional change.
Katharine Gelber
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198777793
- eISBN:
- 9780191823237
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198777793.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
This chapter discusses the framework that will be used to analyse changes in policies affecting free speech, and the justifications used to effect those changes. It articulates how the principle of ...
More
This chapter discusses the framework that will be used to analyse changes in policies affecting free speech, and the justifications used to effect those changes. It articulates how the principle of freedom of speech has been mediated by and within institutions, using a new institutionalism analysis. It articulates how new institutionalism explains the differences and similarities in the protections for freedom of speech that existed prior to 9/11. The chapter then articulates the state of play before 9/11 for the protection of civil liberties generally, and freedom of speech specifically, in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, noting the differences in the form and scope of free speech protection in each country. It then outlines the regulation of sedition and hate speech prior to 9/11, arguing these are the two best comparators for terrorist-related speech.Less
This chapter discusses the framework that will be used to analyse changes in policies affecting free speech, and the justifications used to effect those changes. It articulates how the principle of freedom of speech has been mediated by and within institutions, using a new institutionalism analysis. It articulates how new institutionalism explains the differences and similarities in the protections for freedom of speech that existed prior to 9/11. The chapter then articulates the state of play before 9/11 for the protection of civil liberties generally, and freedom of speech specifically, in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia, noting the differences in the form and scope of free speech protection in each country. It then outlines the regulation of sedition and hate speech prior to 9/11, arguing these are the two best comparators for terrorist-related speech.
Frederick W. Mayer
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199324460
- eISBN:
- 9780199361618
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199324460.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change
This book seeks to answer two questions: one theoretical, the other empirical. How do individuals come together to act collectively in their common interest? Why is it that those who promote ...
More
This book seeks to answer two questions: one theoretical, the other empirical. How do individuals come together to act collectively in their common interest? Why is it that those who promote collective action so often turn to stories? Answering these questions requires recognizing the power of story to overcome the obstacles to collective action: to surmount the temptation to free ride, to coordinate group behaviour, and, indeed, in the first instance, to arrive at a common understanding of the collective interest. Humans are, whatever else we, a storytelling, story-consuming animal. We use stories to make sense of our experience and to imbue it with meaning. Our self-narratives define our sense of identity and script our actions. Because we are constituted by narrative, we can be moved by the stories told to us by others. That is why leaders who call a community to action seek to engross it in a story in which tragedy and triumph hang in the balance, in which taking part in the collective action becomes a moral imperative rather than a matter of calculated self-interest. Drawing on insights from political science and sociology, behavioral economics and neuroscience, history and cultural studies, literature and narrative theory, this book sheds light on a wide range of political phenomena from social movements to electoral politics.Less
This book seeks to answer two questions: one theoretical, the other empirical. How do individuals come together to act collectively in their common interest? Why is it that those who promote collective action so often turn to stories? Answering these questions requires recognizing the power of story to overcome the obstacles to collective action: to surmount the temptation to free ride, to coordinate group behaviour, and, indeed, in the first instance, to arrive at a common understanding of the collective interest. Humans are, whatever else we, a storytelling, story-consuming animal. We use stories to make sense of our experience and to imbue it with meaning. Our self-narratives define our sense of identity and script our actions. Because we are constituted by narrative, we can be moved by the stories told to us by others. That is why leaders who call a community to action seek to engross it in a story in which tragedy and triumph hang in the balance, in which taking part in the collective action becomes a moral imperative rather than a matter of calculated self-interest. Drawing on insights from political science and sociology, behavioral economics and neuroscience, history and cultural studies, literature and narrative theory, this book sheds light on a wide range of political phenomena from social movements to electoral politics.
Ariadna Ripoll Servent and Dora Kostakopoulou
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198739487
- eISBN:
- 9780191802461
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198739487.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
Institutionalism is a mid-range analytical approach emphasizing the institutional factors that shape and drive policy outcomes. This chapter reviews the main variants of new institutionalist ...
More
Institutionalism is a mid-range analytical approach emphasizing the institutional factors that shape and drive policy outcomes. This chapter reviews the main variants of new institutionalist theorizing—rational-choice, historical and sociological constructivism—in the context of EU internal security and unpacks their strengths and weaknesses. The chapter then presents an institutional constructivist approach that is clearer about the role of institutions in the construction of ideas, norms, cognitive templates, and identities. Given the normative character as well as non-incremental or non-linear development of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, it is useful to focus on how actors produce, construct, and transform discursive landscapes and to try to overcome the structuralist bias of the institutionalist literature. The chapter then applies this theoretical approach to explain processes of institutionalization and change in the area of EU citizenship.Less
Institutionalism is a mid-range analytical approach emphasizing the institutional factors that shape and drive policy outcomes. This chapter reviews the main variants of new institutionalist theorizing—rational-choice, historical and sociological constructivism—in the context of EU internal security and unpacks their strengths and weaknesses. The chapter then presents an institutional constructivist approach that is clearer about the role of institutions in the construction of ideas, norms, cognitive templates, and identities. Given the normative character as well as non-incremental or non-linear development of the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, it is useful to focus on how actors produce, construct, and transform discursive landscapes and to try to overcome the structuralist bias of the institutionalist literature. The chapter then applies this theoretical approach to explain processes of institutionalization and change in the area of EU citizenship.
Matteo Barbato
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781474466424
- eISBN:
- 9781474484510
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474466424.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This chapter illustrates the methodology of the book and its contribution to the scholarship on Athenian democracy. After reconstructing the Marxist and culturalist approaches to ideology in the ...
More
This chapter illustrates the methodology of the book and its contribution to the scholarship on Athenian democracy. After reconstructing the Marxist and culturalist approaches to ideology in the social sciences, the chapter discusses the scholarship on Athenian democratic ideology inspired by those approaches, with a particular focus on the works of Nicole Lorax and Josiah Ober. Loraux’s view of ideology as a cover-up for internal conflict is reviewed in the light of Benedict Anderson’s notion of imagined community to account for the constructive function of ideology in creating civic bonds. Ober’s interpretation of ideology as a fixed set of shared ideas is reconceptualised as a process of ideological practice which allowed both the mass and the elite actively to produce shared, flexible ideas and values under the influence of Athenian democratic institutions. The New Institutionalism and the book’s relationship with previous scholarship on social memory are also illustrated. Finally, the chapter delimits the topic of the investigation to Athenian myths, which are defined as those stories that dealt with the legendary times which the Athenians considered their remote past.Less
This chapter illustrates the methodology of the book and its contribution to the scholarship on Athenian democracy. After reconstructing the Marxist and culturalist approaches to ideology in the social sciences, the chapter discusses the scholarship on Athenian democratic ideology inspired by those approaches, with a particular focus on the works of Nicole Lorax and Josiah Ober. Loraux’s view of ideology as a cover-up for internal conflict is reviewed in the light of Benedict Anderson’s notion of imagined community to account for the constructive function of ideology in creating civic bonds. Ober’s interpretation of ideology as a fixed set of shared ideas is reconceptualised as a process of ideological practice which allowed both the mass and the elite actively to produce shared, flexible ideas and values under the influence of Athenian democratic institutions. The New Institutionalism and the book’s relationship with previous scholarship on social memory are also illustrated. Finally, the chapter delimits the topic of the investigation to Athenian myths, which are defined as those stories that dealt with the legendary times which the Athenians considered their remote past.
Sabina Avdagic, Martin Rhodes, and Jelle Visser (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199590742
- eISBN:
- 9780191728891
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199590742.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union, Political Economy
The result of a four-year long comparative research study centred at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, and financed by the European Commission’s Sixth Framework Programme, this ...
More
The result of a four-year long comparative research study centred at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, and financed by the European Commission’s Sixth Framework Programme, this book presents the first full-length theoretical and comparative empirical study of new social pacts in Europe. Its aim is to bring the level of sophistication achieved in an earlier literature on neo-corporatism to the more contemporary phenomenon of ‘social pacting’. The book brings a wide range of complementary theories to bear on the emergence, evolution, and institutionalization of pacts, compares systematically a wide range of cases across Europe, and provides in-depth studies of Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and Slovenia. The book contributes to the scholarly debate on economic adjustment and institutional change in European capitalism by focusing on three inter-related questions: (a) what explains national variation in reliance on social pacts? (b) what determines the outcomes of individual pact negotiations? and (c) under what conditions are pacts repeated and become regular features of socio-economic governance? The book’s theoretical innovations include a novel application of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) to help explain national differences in social pact adoption, the application of a game theoretic approach to explain social pact emergence, and a reinterpretation of traditional neo-corporatist and new institutionalist theory to help understand social pact consolidation and institutionalization.Less
The result of a four-year long comparative research study centred at the European University Institute in Florence, Italy, and financed by the European Commission’s Sixth Framework Programme, this book presents the first full-length theoretical and comparative empirical study of new social pacts in Europe. Its aim is to bring the level of sophistication achieved in an earlier literature on neo-corporatism to the more contemporary phenomenon of ‘social pacting’. The book brings a wide range of complementary theories to bear on the emergence, evolution, and institutionalization of pacts, compares systematically a wide range of cases across Europe, and provides in-depth studies of Ireland, Italy, Portugal, Spain, the Netherlands, and Slovenia. The book contributes to the scholarly debate on economic adjustment and institutional change in European capitalism by focusing on three inter-related questions: (a) what explains national variation in reliance on social pacts? (b) what determines the outcomes of individual pact negotiations? and (c) under what conditions are pacts repeated and become regular features of socio-economic governance? The book’s theoretical innovations include a novel application of fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) to help explain national differences in social pact adoption, the application of a game theoretic approach to explain social pact emergence, and a reinterpretation of traditional neo-corporatist and new institutionalist theory to help understand social pact consolidation and institutionalization.
Chris Rhomberg
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520236189
- eISBN:
- 9780520940888
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520236189.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
In the early 1920s, a powerful Ku Klux Klan movement burst forth in many American cities, targeting immigrant Jews and Catholics and people of color and attracting an estimated four to six million ...
More
In the early 1920s, a powerful Ku Klux Klan movement burst forth in many American cities, targeting immigrant Jews and Catholics and people of color and attracting an estimated four to six million members. This book uses an explanatory framework built on three basic analytic dimensions: socioeconomic structure, institutional politics, and urban civil society. It introduces concepts drawn from three corresponding, well-known paradigms in sociology and political science: traditional political sociology; the “new institutionalism”; and social movement theory. Furthermore, it provides a case study of three social movements in Oakland, from the point of view of urban political development in twentieth-century America. The focus is on the struggles of groups and actors to forge a political solidarity and community in an urban context. An overview of the chapters included in this book is finally presented.Less
In the early 1920s, a powerful Ku Klux Klan movement burst forth in many American cities, targeting immigrant Jews and Catholics and people of color and attracting an estimated four to six million members. This book uses an explanatory framework built on three basic analytic dimensions: socioeconomic structure, institutional politics, and urban civil society. It introduces concepts drawn from three corresponding, well-known paradigms in sociology and political science: traditional political sociology; the “new institutionalism”; and social movement theory. Furthermore, it provides a case study of three social movements in Oakland, from the point of view of urban political development in twentieth-century America. The focus is on the struggles of groups and actors to forge a political solidarity and community in an urban context. An overview of the chapters included in this book is finally presented.
Matteo Barbato
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781474466424
- eISBN:
- 9781474484510
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474466424.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
The debate on Athenian democratic ideology has long been polarised around two extremes. A Marxist tradition has propounded a negative view of ideology as a cover-up for Athens’ internal divisions. ...
More
The debate on Athenian democratic ideology has long been polarised around two extremes. A Marxist tradition has propounded a negative view of ideology as a cover-up for Athens’ internal divisions. Another tradition, sometimes referred to as culturalist, has provided a neutral interpretation of ideology as the fixed set of ideas shared by the members of the Athenian community. This book draws from the New Institutionalism in political science to remedy this dichotomy and provide a unitary and comprehensive approach to Athenian democratic ideology. Through four case studies that compare different versions of selected myths in Athenian social memory, it demonstrates that Athenian democratic ideology was a fluid set of ideas, values, and beliefs shared by the Athenians as a result of a constant ideological practice influenced by the institutions of the democracy. This process entailed the active participation of both the mass and the elite, and enabled the Athenians to produce multiple and compatible ideas about their community and its mythical past.Less
The debate on Athenian democratic ideology has long been polarised around two extremes. A Marxist tradition has propounded a negative view of ideology as a cover-up for Athens’ internal divisions. Another tradition, sometimes referred to as culturalist, has provided a neutral interpretation of ideology as the fixed set of ideas shared by the members of the Athenian community. This book draws from the New Institutionalism in political science to remedy this dichotomy and provide a unitary and comprehensive approach to Athenian democratic ideology. Through four case studies that compare different versions of selected myths in Athenian social memory, it demonstrates that Athenian democratic ideology was a fluid set of ideas, values, and beliefs shared by the Athenians as a result of a constant ideological practice influenced by the institutions of the democracy. This process entailed the active participation of both the mass and the elite, and enabled the Athenians to produce multiple and compatible ideas about their community and its mythical past.
Matthew Simonton
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691174976
- eISBN:
- 9781400885145
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691174976.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This book examines the rule of the few, or oligarchia (oligarchy), in ancient Greece. It considers the relationship between the rulers and the wider male citizenry (demos) of an oligarchically ...
More
This book examines the rule of the few, or oligarchia (oligarchy), in ancient Greece. It considers the relationship between the rulers and the wider male citizenry (demos) of an oligarchically governed polis, the extent to which oligarchic rule was contested by popular movements, and how oligarchs might have collectively responded in an atempt to retain their power. This introductory chapter discusses the lack of studies devoted to ancient Greek oligarchia and how the meaning of oligarchia, both as a concept and as a form of political practice, relates to dēmokratia (democracy). It also provides an overview of the book's methodological approach, explores the extent to which the ideas of “institutions” and the “New Institutionalism” can be adapted and applied to the ancient world, and introduces some relevant concepts such as “equilibrium,” “common knowledge,” “coordination,” the “collective action problem,” and a few elementary games from game theory.Less
This book examines the rule of the few, or oligarchia (oligarchy), in ancient Greece. It considers the relationship between the rulers and the wider male citizenry (demos) of an oligarchically governed polis, the extent to which oligarchic rule was contested by popular movements, and how oligarchs might have collectively responded in an atempt to retain their power. This introductory chapter discusses the lack of studies devoted to ancient Greek oligarchia and how the meaning of oligarchia, both as a concept and as a form of political practice, relates to dēmokratia (democracy). It also provides an overview of the book's methodological approach, explores the extent to which the ideas of “institutions” and the “New Institutionalism” can be adapted and applied to the ancient world, and introduces some relevant concepts such as “equilibrium,” “common knowledge,” “coordination,” the “collective action problem,” and a few elementary games from game theory.
Oran R. Young
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262240574
- eISBN:
- 9780262286589
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262240574.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
This chapter examines the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC)’s scientific legacy and contributions on the complex question of the interplay between environmental problems ...
More
This chapter examines the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC)’s scientific legacy and contributions on the complex question of the interplay between environmental problems and institutions, and provides an overview of a decade-long research effort in this direction. It posits that institutional analysis plays a vital role in solving the environmental problems and also in shaping the environment governance systems, and continues with “new institutionalism,” which plays a major part in understanding the theme of this book. Cutting-edge topics such as causality, performance, institutional design, institutional fit, interplay, and various important topics are covered. Other crucial institutional dimensions of global climate change are also highlighted to analyze the advancement of a global change research project in the coming years.Less
This chapter examines the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC)’s scientific legacy and contributions on the complex question of the interplay between environmental problems and institutions, and provides an overview of a decade-long research effort in this direction. It posits that institutional analysis plays a vital role in solving the environmental problems and also in shaping the environment governance systems, and continues with “new institutionalism,” which plays a major part in understanding the theme of this book. Cutting-edge topics such as causality, performance, institutional design, institutional fit, interplay, and various important topics are covered. Other crucial institutional dimensions of global climate change are also highlighted to analyze the advancement of a global change research project in the coming years.