Justin Amery, Susie Lapwood, and Michelle Meiring
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199567966
- eISBN:
- 9780191730566
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199567966.003.0009
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Paediatric Palliative Medicine, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making
This chapter notes that neurological problems are relatively common in children's palliative care. Delirium is a common problem in childhood and extremely common in children towards the end of life. ...
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This chapter notes that neurological problems are relatively common in children's palliative care. Delirium is a common problem in childhood and extremely common in children towards the end of life. Seizures are extremely frightening to the child, family, and health professionals, all of whom may see them as a herald of impending death but most seizures are harmless and self-limiting and one usually does not need to intervene. HIV encephalopathy may be at least partly reversible, but only by ART. Unless the child is close to death, ART should be started as soon as possible, irrespective of CD4 counts. Delay risks further irreversible neurological destruction. Meanwhile, dystonia is extremely painful but often overlooked as it is usually present in children with global neurological impairment, who cannot easily communicate their pain. It is difficult to treat and usually requires a full range of non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and even surgical interventions.Less
This chapter notes that neurological problems are relatively common in children's palliative care. Delirium is a common problem in childhood and extremely common in children towards the end of life. Seizures are extremely frightening to the child, family, and health professionals, all of whom may see them as a herald of impending death but most seizures are harmless and self-limiting and one usually does not need to intervene. HIV encephalopathy may be at least partly reversible, but only by ART. Unless the child is close to death, ART should be started as soon as possible, irrespective of CD4 counts. Delay risks further irreversible neurological destruction. Meanwhile, dystonia is extremely painful but often overlooked as it is usually present in children with global neurological impairment, who cannot easily communicate their pain. It is difficult to treat and usually requires a full range of non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and even surgical interventions.
Kay Metcalfe
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199594818
- eISBN:
- 9780191738166
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199594818.003.0034
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter describes the clinical profile of Williams syndrome (WS) to illustrate how atypical development proceeds in WS. It covers physical appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities ...
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This chapter describes the clinical profile of Williams syndrome (WS) to illustrate how atypical development proceeds in WS. It covers physical appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities hypercalcaemia, orthopaedic and other connective-tissue problems, growth and puberty, genitourinary abnormalities, hearing and vision, endocrine abnormalities, neurological problems, gastrointestinal problems, motor and language development, personality and behaviour, adaptive behaviour, and prognosis.Less
This chapter describes the clinical profile of Williams syndrome (WS) to illustrate how atypical development proceeds in WS. It covers physical appearance, cardiovascular abnormalities hypercalcaemia, orthopaedic and other connective-tissue problems, growth and puberty, genitourinary abnormalities, hearing and vision, endocrine abnormalities, neurological problems, gastrointestinal problems, motor and language development, personality and behaviour, adaptive behaviour, and prognosis.
Rachel Morello-Frosch, Phil Brown, and Stephen Zavestoski
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780520270206
- eISBN:
- 9780520950429
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520270206.003.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
This introductory chapter examines the relationship between contested illnesses and environmental health. Recent contested illness struggles have moved into the realms of environmental and ecological ...
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This introductory chapter examines the relationship between contested illnesses and environmental health. Recent contested illness struggles have moved into the realms of environmental and ecological health, as mounting scientific evidence has linked environmental and human well-being. Disturbing trends in human health statistics, such as declining sperm counts, rising rates of fertility problems in young women, and increasing rates of breast, testicular, and prostate cancers suggest environmental causes. The prevalence of asthma and certain neurological problems in children also appear to be on the rise. Although environmental links to human disease remain strongly contested, scientific evidence suggests that increasing and pervasive chemical exposure where people live, work, and play may partially explain these trends.Less
This introductory chapter examines the relationship between contested illnesses and environmental health. Recent contested illness struggles have moved into the realms of environmental and ecological health, as mounting scientific evidence has linked environmental and human well-being. Disturbing trends in human health statistics, such as declining sperm counts, rising rates of fertility problems in young women, and increasing rates of breast, testicular, and prostate cancers suggest environmental causes. The prevalence of asthma and certain neurological problems in children also appear to be on the rise. Although environmental links to human disease remain strongly contested, scientific evidence suggests that increasing and pervasive chemical exposure where people live, work, and play may partially explain these trends.
