Search Results

This chapter introduces the digitally augmented city as a major focus of current design research and practice. It critically examines the impact that the entanglement of networked information technologies with the urban realm has produced and discusses this in reference to extant literature. The entanglement of networked information technologies and urban environments has changed cities and urban life, and it has changed how we think about cities. Over the past two decades, a profusion of terms have been coined by scholars and practitioners to describe aspects of this changing urban condition. Networked city, real-time city, virtual city, smart city, hybrid city, responsive city, and ad hoc city are terms that are at times used lightly but that have underlying concepts that can help us capture more of the current urban condition and point to ways of working with it.

This concluding chapter reviews the central arguments of the book and reflects critically on living with uncertainty and unpredictability as a form of critical mobility for urban living. It considers how the focus on efficiency, data-driven predictability, and control in the narrative about cities over the past two decades strikingly recalls the early days of the twentieth century. What then was the idealized new and modern has become the smart of today. The development of technology has long pursued the superlatives of faster, higher, bigger, cleaner, stronger, better, and safer. This was a promising strategy when the scope and reach of technologies were limited. Today, however, networked information technologies pervade not only cities but also large and intricate parts of our everyday practice.

The increasingly digital nature of medical imaging means that medical device output represents the highest volume of digital data in the medical record. Information technology has allowed the direct and rapid connection of health data sources to those caregivers who make health care decisions. Often, this data flow requires large-scale interconnection of medical devices, hospital information systems, and IT networks within a health care system. All of this interconnection and drive to deliver “anywhere, anytime” exposes information technology systems to cyber security threats. This chapter first discusses why security is an issue in health care organizations. It then describes the ISO/IEC 80001–1:2010, which provides a risk management framework to deal with the complexity of risk to safety, effectiveness, and data and systems security.