Andrew Lang
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199592647
- eISBN:
- 9780191731396
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199592647.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This chapter discusses the immediate background to the contemporary trade and human rights debate, focusing on the years from roughly the mid-1980s to the early 2000s. The chapter is structured in ...
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This chapter discusses the immediate background to the contemporary trade and human rights debate, focusing on the years from roughly the mid-1980s to the early 2000s. The chapter is structured in two sections. The first shows how the experience of trade liberalization in different countries and regions across the world in the 1980s and 1990s led to a variety of locally specific political struggles around trade across North America, Latin America, Western Europe, and parts of Asia and Africa. It also shows how, from the middle of the 1990s to around 2001, these local political struggles came together as part of a broader movement against neoliberal economic globalization, and began to focus their critical attention on the World Trade Organization (WTO). The second section then describes the social construction of trade as a human rights issue. It illustrates the way that some of the NGOs within this movement began to use human rights language as a way of framing and articulating their criticisms of trade liberalization and international trade law. It also asks why it was that human rights seemed, to many within the global justice movement, to be a useful language of resistance to what they saw as a global neoliberal economic agenda, and why it came to be adopted as such.Less
This chapter discusses the immediate background to the contemporary trade and human rights debate, focusing on the years from roughly the mid-1980s to the early 2000s. The chapter is structured in two sections. The first shows how the experience of trade liberalization in different countries and regions across the world in the 1980s and 1990s led to a variety of locally specific political struggles around trade across North America, Latin America, Western Europe, and parts of Asia and Africa. It also shows how, from the middle of the 1990s to around 2001, these local political struggles came together as part of a broader movement against neoliberal economic globalization, and began to focus their critical attention on the World Trade Organization (WTO). The second section then describes the social construction of trade as a human rights issue. It illustrates the way that some of the NGOs within this movement began to use human rights language as a way of framing and articulating their criticisms of trade liberalization and international trade law. It also asks why it was that human rights seemed, to many within the global justice movement, to be a useful language of resistance to what they saw as a global neoliberal economic agenda, and why it came to be adopted as such.
Philip G. Cerny
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199733699
- eISBN:
- 9780199776740
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199733699.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter looks at recent developments in neo-Marxist theory, especially those varieties of Marxism that have, intentionally or inadvertently, introduced more pluralistic or neopluralistic factors ...
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This chapter looks at recent developments in neo-Marxist theory, especially those varieties of Marxism that have, intentionally or inadvertently, introduced more pluralistic or neopluralistic factors into the analysis. The main focus is on the version of neo-Marxism that looks at the “rescaling of statehood,” that is, those authors who have addressed the problem of globalization by analyzing altered playing fields of various kinds; what has been called the search for a new spatiotemporal fix for capitalism. This version, and other versions, too, bring further into question some of the basic problems of the theory of capitalism itself, especially the Marxist version of the labor theory of value. Marxism may have been out of fashion in the late 20th century and often ignored by academics, but the financial crisis and recession of 2008-2009 revived interest in alternatives to neoliberal globalization. It is argued that basic flaws in the Marxist critique continue to make such attempts problematic.Less
This chapter looks at recent developments in neo-Marxist theory, especially those varieties of Marxism that have, intentionally or inadvertently, introduced more pluralistic or neopluralistic factors into the analysis. The main focus is on the version of neo-Marxism that looks at the “rescaling of statehood,” that is, those authors who have addressed the problem of globalization by analyzing altered playing fields of various kinds; what has been called the search for a new spatiotemporal fix for capitalism. This version, and other versions, too, bring further into question some of the basic problems of the theory of capitalism itself, especially the Marxist version of the labor theory of value. Marxism may have been out of fashion in the late 20th century and often ignored by academics, but the financial crisis and recession of 2008-2009 revived interest in alternatives to neoliberal globalization. It is argued that basic flaws in the Marxist critique continue to make such attempts problematic.
Diane Singerman
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774162886
- eISBN:
- 9781617970351
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774162886.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book is about the dynamics of neoliberal globalization in Cairo. It originated in questions that an international cohort of scholars raised in the late 1990s, when the power of globalization ...
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This book is about the dynamics of neoliberal globalization in Cairo. It originated in questions that an international cohort of scholars raised in the late 1990s, when the power of globalization dramatically met resistance. The governance, technocratic politics, and planning in Cairo are discussed. Several chapters in this volume argue that the Egyptian state's fear and suspicion of the political participation and collective organization of its citizens leads the regime to devalue and weaken municipal governance and instead to view city issues, projects, policies, and services as the terrain of national bureaucratic actors. Additionally, several chapters tell the opposite story — of residents fighting back successfully and contesting forced “removals” or demolition orders after they block roads and bulldozers, talk to reporters, seek redress in the courts, or solicit support for their resistance from NGOs, political parties, celebrities, important political leaders, and even ministers. It also describes the meta-narratives, counter-narratives, modernist planning, and vernacular cosmopolitanism.Less
This book is about the dynamics of neoliberal globalization in Cairo. It originated in questions that an international cohort of scholars raised in the late 1990s, when the power of globalization dramatically met resistance. The governance, technocratic politics, and planning in Cairo are discussed. Several chapters in this volume argue that the Egyptian state's fear and suspicion of the political participation and collective organization of its citizens leads the regime to devalue and weaken municipal governance and instead to view city issues, projects, policies, and services as the terrain of national bureaucratic actors. Additionally, several chapters tell the opposite story — of residents fighting back successfully and contesting forced “removals” or demolition orders after they block roads and bulldozers, talk to reporters, seek redress in the courts, or solicit support for their resistance from NGOs, political parties, celebrities, important political leaders, and even ministers. It also describes the meta-narratives, counter-narratives, modernist planning, and vernacular cosmopolitanism.
Anne-Emanuelle Birn, Yogan Pillay, and Timothy H. Holtz
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- March 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199392285
- eISBN:
- 9780199392315
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199392285.003.0009
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Epidemiology
This chapter examines the pathways that tie the neoliberal phase of global capitalism to patterns of health and illness. It explores the phases of financial liberalization and the health impact of ...
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This chapter examines the pathways that tie the neoliberal phase of global capitalism to patterns of health and illness. It explores the phases of financial liberalization and the health impact of structural adjustment programs in LMICs following the 1980s debt crisis, as well as the austerity agenda in HICs since the 2008 onset of global financial and economic crises. It discusses the: World Trade Organization and the contemporary trade and investment regime; influence of corporate interests on new bilateral and regional agreements; implications of illicit financial flows for foregone social spending on health, and impact of transnational corporations on health, work conditions, and human rights. Also analyzed are the effects of neoliberal globalization on labor markets in terms of outsourced, precarious, and hazardous employment and the ratcheting down of labor standards and occupational safety and health. The final section highlights ongoing government resistance and social struggles against neoliberal globalization.Less
This chapter examines the pathways that tie the neoliberal phase of global capitalism to patterns of health and illness. It explores the phases of financial liberalization and the health impact of structural adjustment programs in LMICs following the 1980s debt crisis, as well as the austerity agenda in HICs since the 2008 onset of global financial and economic crises. It discusses the: World Trade Organization and the contemporary trade and investment regime; influence of corporate interests on new bilateral and regional agreements; implications of illicit financial flows for foregone social spending on health, and impact of transnational corporations on health, work conditions, and human rights. Also analyzed are the effects of neoliberal globalization on labor markets in terms of outsourced, precarious, and hazardous employment and the ratcheting down of labor standards and occupational safety and health. The final section highlights ongoing government resistance and social struggles against neoliberal globalization.
Chris Holden
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781447336211
- eISBN:
- 9781447336235
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447336211.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
This chapter analyses the connections between Donald Trump and Brexit, particularly the role and nature of globalisation and related economic changes, asking how a socially progressive form of ...
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This chapter analyses the connections between Donald Trump and Brexit, particularly the role and nature of globalisation and related economic changes, asking how a socially progressive form of globalisation might respond to the challenges laid down by these two seismic political victories. The results of the UK's referendum on EU membership and the US presidential election in 2016 have caused many commentators to re-evaluate the assumptions of neoliberal globalisation. Trump's election, in particular, poses a challenge not only to neoliberal economics, but also to liberal democratic politics and the rule of law — both domestically and internationally. The chapter then argues for an alternative vision to that of neoliberal globalisation on the one hand, and a resort to reactionary nationalism on the other: a clear commitment to tackle the gross inequalities that have characterised the period of neoliberal globalisation and to work towards socially just forms of global governance.Less
This chapter analyses the connections between Donald Trump and Brexit, particularly the role and nature of globalisation and related economic changes, asking how a socially progressive form of globalisation might respond to the challenges laid down by these two seismic political victories. The results of the UK's referendum on EU membership and the US presidential election in 2016 have caused many commentators to re-evaluate the assumptions of neoliberal globalisation. Trump's election, in particular, poses a challenge not only to neoliberal economics, but also to liberal democratic politics and the rule of law — both domestically and internationally. The chapter then argues for an alternative vision to that of neoliberal globalisation on the one hand, and a resort to reactionary nationalism on the other: a clear commitment to tackle the gross inequalities that have characterised the period of neoliberal globalisation and to work towards socially just forms of global governance.
Paul Routledge and Andrew Cumbers
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719076855
- eISBN:
- 9781781702307
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719076855.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
This book provides a critical investigation of what has been termed the ‘global justice movement’. Through a detailed study of a grassroots peasants' network in Asia (People's Global Action); an ...
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This book provides a critical investigation of what has been termed the ‘global justice movement’. Through a detailed study of a grassroots peasants' network in Asia (People's Global Action); an international trade union network (the International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mining and General Workers); and the Social Forum process, it analyses some of the global justice movement's component parts, operational networks and their respective dynamics, strategies and practices. The authors argue that the emergence of new globally connected forms of collective action against neoliberal globalisation are indicative of a range of variously place-specific forms of political agency that coalesce across geographic space at particular times, in specific places and in a variety of ways. They also argue that, rather than being indicative of a coherent ‘movement’, such forms of political agency contain many political and geographical fissures and fault-lines, and are best conceived of as ‘global justice networks’: overlapping, interacting, competing and differentially placed and resourced networks that articulate demands for social, economic and environmental justice. Such networks, and the social movements that comprise them, characterise emergent forms of trans-national political agency. The authors argue that the role of key geographical concepts of space, place and scale are crucial to an understanding of the operational dynamics of such networks. Such an analysis challenges key current assumptions in the literature about the emergence of a global civil society.Less
This book provides a critical investigation of what has been termed the ‘global justice movement’. Through a detailed study of a grassroots peasants' network in Asia (People's Global Action); an international trade union network (the International Federation of Chemical, Energy, Mining and General Workers); and the Social Forum process, it analyses some of the global justice movement's component parts, operational networks and their respective dynamics, strategies and practices. The authors argue that the emergence of new globally connected forms of collective action against neoliberal globalisation are indicative of a range of variously place-specific forms of political agency that coalesce across geographic space at particular times, in specific places and in a variety of ways. They also argue that, rather than being indicative of a coherent ‘movement’, such forms of political agency contain many political and geographical fissures and fault-lines, and are best conceived of as ‘global justice networks’: overlapping, interacting, competing and differentially placed and resourced networks that articulate demands for social, economic and environmental justice. Such networks, and the social movements that comprise them, characterise emergent forms of trans-national political agency. The authors argue that the role of key geographical concepts of space, place and scale are crucial to an understanding of the operational dynamics of such networks. Such an analysis challenges key current assumptions in the literature about the emergence of a global civil society.
Maura Toro-Morn, Anna Romina Guevarra, and Nilda Flores-González
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037573
- eISBN:
- 9780252094828
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037573.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This book explores the labor experiences of immigrant women, primarily Asians and Latinas, engaged in low-wage work in the era of neoliberal globalization. It assesses the impact of neoliberal ...
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This book explores the labor experiences of immigrant women, primarily Asians and Latinas, engaged in low-wage work in the era of neoliberal globalization. It assesses the impact of neoliberal globalization on the economic, political, and social lives of immigrant women both at home and abroad, as well as the strategies used by these women to deal with labor disruptions—interruptions in immigrant women's labor patterns due to the social and political processes resulting from neoliberal globalization. Labor disruptions encompass both “for-pay” labor and gendered labor within the family and occur in ethnic enclaves and within the informal economy. The book seeks to elucidate how Asian and Latina immigrant women, with the assistance of community-based organizations, organize and mobilize against disruptions caused by neoliberal globalization and the neoliberal state. This introduction reflects on the challenges facing future scholars of labor and migration processes.Less
This book explores the labor experiences of immigrant women, primarily Asians and Latinas, engaged in low-wage work in the era of neoliberal globalization. It assesses the impact of neoliberal globalization on the economic, political, and social lives of immigrant women both at home and abroad, as well as the strategies used by these women to deal with labor disruptions—interruptions in immigrant women's labor patterns due to the social and political processes resulting from neoliberal globalization. Labor disruptions encompass both “for-pay” labor and gendered labor within the family and occur in ethnic enclaves and within the informal economy. The book seeks to elucidate how Asian and Latina immigrant women, with the assistance of community-based organizations, organize and mobilize against disruptions caused by neoliberal globalization and the neoliberal state. This introduction reflects on the challenges facing future scholars of labor and migration processes.
Tennyson S. D. Joseph
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781617031175
- eISBN:
- 9781617031182
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781617031175.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Imperialism and Colonialism
This chapter begins with a discussion of the varying degrees of skepticism over the existence of globalization, and then turns to conflicting interpretations of the impact of globalization upon ...
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This chapter begins with a discussion of the varying degrees of skepticism over the existence of globalization, and then turns to conflicting interpretations of the impact of globalization upon national sovereignty. Studies have shown that under neoliberal globalization, the role of the state has shifted from representing domestic populations and economies to facilitating the mobility of capital, and this book isolates the specific consequences and implications of this shift in the case of St. Lucia.Less
This chapter begins with a discussion of the varying degrees of skepticism over the existence of globalization, and then turns to conflicting interpretations of the impact of globalization upon national sovereignty. Studies have shown that under neoliberal globalization, the role of the state has shifted from representing domestic populations and economies to facilitating the mobility of capital, and this book isolates the specific consequences and implications of this shift in the case of St. Lucia.
Dal Yong Jin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252039973
- eISBN:
- 9780252098147
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252039973.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Media Studies
This chapter investigates the role of the nation-state in the cultural industries and the Korean Wave in the context of the broader social structure of society amid neoliberal globalization. It ...
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This chapter investigates the role of the nation-state in the cultural industries and the Korean Wave in the context of the broader social structure of society amid neoliberal globalization. It articulates how the Korean government has developed the cultural industries and the ways in which the government has cultivated its cultural policies in global trade, such as export promotion, direct and indirect export subsidies and supports, and the promotion of the nation's cultural image abroad. It especially analyzes whether neoliberal ideologies, emphasizing a small government regime, have completely altered state interventionism, known as developmentalism, in the Korean Wave, leading to further discussion of the role of the nation-state. The chapter historicizes the Korean Wave phenomenon according to major policy shifts surrounding media ecology, driving the change and continuity of Hallyu over the past eighteen years.Less
This chapter investigates the role of the nation-state in the cultural industries and the Korean Wave in the context of the broader social structure of society amid neoliberal globalization. It articulates how the Korean government has developed the cultural industries and the ways in which the government has cultivated its cultural policies in global trade, such as export promotion, direct and indirect export subsidies and supports, and the promotion of the nation's cultural image abroad. It especially analyzes whether neoliberal ideologies, emphasizing a small government regime, have completely altered state interventionism, known as developmentalism, in the Korean Wave, leading to further discussion of the role of the nation-state. The chapter historicizes the Korean Wave phenomenon according to major policy shifts surrounding media ecology, driving the change and continuity of Hallyu over the past eighteen years.
V. Spike Peterson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814770207
- eISBN:
- 9780814770139
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814770207.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Security Studies
This chapter focuses on sources of insecurity rooted in globalization, global interdependence, as well as political and economic inequalities on a global scale. It shows how neoliberal globalization ...
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This chapter focuses on sources of insecurity rooted in globalization, global interdependence, as well as political and economic inequalities on a global scale. It shows how neoliberal globalization has resulted in the expansion of informalization, particularly in conflict zones. These processes of informalization are gendered and are linked to processes of economic exploitation and political militarization that divide the globe. The chapter also draws out the connections between criminal and conflict economies at the local and macrolevel, highlighting the many ways in which the global trade in drugs, arms, and commodities such as gold, diamonds, and copper supports and is supported by violence.Less
This chapter focuses on sources of insecurity rooted in globalization, global interdependence, as well as political and economic inequalities on a global scale. It shows how neoliberal globalization has resulted in the expansion of informalization, particularly in conflict zones. These processes of informalization are gendered and are linked to processes of economic exploitation and political militarization that divide the globe. The chapter also draws out the connections between criminal and conflict economies at the local and macrolevel, highlighting the many ways in which the global trade in drugs, arms, and commodities such as gold, diamonds, and copper supports and is supported by violence.
T. Ruanni and F. Tupas
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099470
- eISBN:
- 9789882207264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099470.003.0005
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter explores the ideological foundations of a particular paradigm in the sociolinguistics of English, that of “world Englishes” (or “WE”), within theoretical and political contexts. It ...
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This chapter explores the ideological foundations of a particular paradigm in the sociolinguistics of English, that of “world Englishes” (or “WE”), within theoretical and political contexts. It demonstrates how WE, with special reference to the case of “Philippine English,” is sustained by a particular discourse of postcoloniality, one that is markedly postcolonial in spirit and form but, on historical and sociopolitical grounds, is ideologically conservative and dangerously complicit with recent ideas and practices of neoliberal globalization, the source of hotly contested debates because of its connection with rising global inequalities and fundamentalisms.Less
This chapter explores the ideological foundations of a particular paradigm in the sociolinguistics of English, that of “world Englishes” (or “WE”), within theoretical and political contexts. It demonstrates how WE, with special reference to the case of “Philippine English,” is sustained by a particular discourse of postcoloniality, one that is markedly postcolonial in spirit and form but, on historical and sociopolitical grounds, is ideologically conservative and dangerously complicit with recent ideas and practices of neoliberal globalization, the source of hotly contested debates because of its connection with rising global inequalities and fundamentalisms.
Annette Aurélie Desmarais
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813033327
- eISBN:
- 9780813038391
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813033327.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Latin American Studies
This chapter discusses the two key elements of Vía Campesina's resistance to neoliberal globalization. Neoliberal globalization is considered to be the successful building of unity within diversity, ...
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This chapter discusses the two key elements of Vía Campesina's resistance to neoliberal globalization. Neoliberal globalization is considered to be the successful building of unity within diversity, and the deeply political act of articulating a peasant identity. The chapter begins by briefly introducing La Vía Campesina, and continues with an examination of the factors that contributed to the rise, consolidation, and global articulation of this growing rural movement.Less
This chapter discusses the two key elements of Vía Campesina's resistance to neoliberal globalization. Neoliberal globalization is considered to be the successful building of unity within diversity, and the deeply political act of articulating a peasant identity. The chapter begins by briefly introducing La Vía Campesina, and continues with an examination of the factors that contributed to the rise, consolidation, and global articulation of this growing rural movement.
Andrés Solimano
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199355983
- eISBN:
- 9780199396894
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199355983.003.0005
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
This chapter reviews a number of financial crises experienced in the first wave of globalization in Central Europe, the United States, Argentina, the far East, the deglobalization period of the ...
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This chapter reviews a number of financial crises experienced in the first wave of globalization in Central Europe, the United States, Argentina, the far East, the deglobalization period of the interwar years featuring hyperinflation, stock market crash, massive bank failures, the great depression and the rise of fascism and Nazism, the years of steady growth, lower inequality and financial stability under the Bretton Woods system, and the application of neoliberal globalization and its sequels of financial crisis in Latin America, the US, Europe, East Asia and in other nations, the sharp rise of inequality, the formation of strong economic elites and fragmentation of the middle class, and the decline of labor. The chapter draws lessons from these episodes and highlights serious pitfalls in the conceptual frameworks and operational practices of the IMF and the central banks that kept these institutions from playing a useful role in preventing and/or recovering from financial crises.Less
This chapter reviews a number of financial crises experienced in the first wave of globalization in Central Europe, the United States, Argentina, the far East, the deglobalization period of the interwar years featuring hyperinflation, stock market crash, massive bank failures, the great depression and the rise of fascism and Nazism, the years of steady growth, lower inequality and financial stability under the Bretton Woods system, and the application of neoliberal globalization and its sequels of financial crisis in Latin America, the US, Europe, East Asia and in other nations, the sharp rise of inequality, the formation of strong economic elites and fragmentation of the middle class, and the decline of labor. The chapter draws lessons from these episodes and highlights serious pitfalls in the conceptual frameworks and operational practices of the IMF and the central banks that kept these institutions from playing a useful role in preventing and/or recovering from financial crises.
Sunil Bhatia
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199964727
- eISBN:
- 9780190690243
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199964727.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter investigates how neoliberal globalization is not just an economic concept or an economic condition; rather, it brings with it shifts in the spheres of culture psychology and identity. It ...
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This chapter investigates how neoliberal globalization is not just an economic concept or an economic condition; rather, it brings with it shifts in the spheres of culture psychology and identity. It specifically analyzes how personality and assessment tests and cross-cultural workshops on identity and difference that are primarily developed from Euro-American psychology are utilized in the Indian information technology and call center industry. The cross-cultural framework developed primarily by Western psychologists provided the most important tools, concepts, and vocabularies to understand “culture” in cultural sensitivity workshops and extended training seminars held for offshore companies, such as in India. These workshops promoted highly reified ideas about culture in which Indian work culture was viewed as inefficient, hierarchical, feudal, and indirect, whereas European culture was framed as egalitarian, professional, assertive, and non-hierarchical. This chapter reveals how neoliberal psychological discourses of self, identity, and happiness are becoming a mainstay of Indian culture and society.Less
This chapter investigates how neoliberal globalization is not just an economic concept or an economic condition; rather, it brings with it shifts in the spheres of culture psychology and identity. It specifically analyzes how personality and assessment tests and cross-cultural workshops on identity and difference that are primarily developed from Euro-American psychology are utilized in the Indian information technology and call center industry. The cross-cultural framework developed primarily by Western psychologists provided the most important tools, concepts, and vocabularies to understand “culture” in cultural sensitivity workshops and extended training seminars held for offshore companies, such as in India. These workshops promoted highly reified ideas about culture in which Indian work culture was viewed as inefficient, hierarchical, feudal, and indirect, whereas European culture was framed as egalitarian, professional, assertive, and non-hierarchical. This chapter reveals how neoliberal psychological discourses of self, identity, and happiness are becoming a mainstay of Indian culture and society.
Jamie K. McCallum
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801451935
- eISBN:
- 9780801469480
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801451935.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This introductory chapter discusses alter-globalization movements in the late 1990s, criticizing the commonly held belief that neoliberal globalization would hollow out trade unions, undermine state ...
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This introductory chapter discusses alter-globalization movements in the late 1990s, criticizing the commonly held belief that neoliberal globalization would hollow out trade unions, undermine state protections, and place national working classes in competition with one another for scarce jobs. This movement questioned the supposed fixity of labor within the national context, and asserted that unions are forging a new frontier within an old tradition—global unions for the global age. Given that scholars have overlooked many details regarding the increasing tendency of labor politics to “go global,” the book examines how transnational campaigns empower or inspire local movements. In addition, the campaigns studied are inspired by global priorities and yet have empowered local struggles.Less
This introductory chapter discusses alter-globalization movements in the late 1990s, criticizing the commonly held belief that neoliberal globalization would hollow out trade unions, undermine state protections, and place national working classes in competition with one another for scarce jobs. This movement questioned the supposed fixity of labor within the national context, and asserted that unions are forging a new frontier within an old tradition—global unions for the global age. Given that scholars have overlooked many details regarding the increasing tendency of labor politics to “go global,” the book examines how transnational campaigns empower or inspire local movements. In addition, the campaigns studied are inspired by global priorities and yet have empowered local struggles.
Liam Gillick
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231170208
- eISBN:
- 9780231540964
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231170208.003.0014
- Subject:
- Art, Art Theory and Criticism
Maybe it’s possible to explain the discursive cultural framework within a context of difference and collectivity, “difference” being the key word that defines our time and “collectivity” being the ...
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Maybe it’s possible to explain the discursive cultural framework within a context of difference and collectivity, “difference” being the key word that defines our time and “collectivity” being the thing that is so hard to achieve while frequently being so longed for. We have to negotiate and recognize difference and collectivity simultaneously. It is an aspect of social consciousness that is exemplified in the art context. Difference and collectivity as social definitions and processes of recognition feed from the examples of modern and contemporary art. Art is nurtured and encouraged in return via cultural permission to be the space for what cannot be tolerated but can be accommodated under the conditions of neoliberal globalization.Less
Maybe it’s possible to explain the discursive cultural framework within a context of difference and collectivity, “difference” being the key word that defines our time and “collectivity” being the thing that is so hard to achieve while frequently being so longed for. We have to negotiate and recognize difference and collectivity simultaneously. It is an aspect of social consciousness that is exemplified in the art context. Difference and collectivity as social definitions and processes of recognition feed from the examples of modern and contemporary art. Art is nurtured and encouraged in return via cultural permission to be the space for what cannot be tolerated but can be accommodated under the conditions of neoliberal globalization.
Matthew D. Marr
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801453380
- eISBN:
- 9780801455544
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801453380.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This book reveals how social contexts at various levels combine and interact to shape the experiences of transitional housing program users in two of the most prosperous cities of the global economy, ...
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This book reveals how social contexts at various levels combine and interact to shape the experiences of transitional housing program users in two of the most prosperous cities of the global economy, Los Angeles and Tokyo. This is the first book to directly focus on exits from homelessness in American or Japanese cities, and it is the first targeted comparison of homelessness in two global cities. The book argues that homelessness should be understood primarily as a socially generated, traumatic, and stigmatizing predicament, rather than as a stable condition, identity, or culture. It pushes for movement away from the study of “homeless people” and “homeless culture” toward an understanding of homelessness as a condition that can be transcended at individual and societal levels. The book prescribes policy changes to end homelessness that include expanding subsidized housing to persons without disabilities and experiencing homelessness chronically, as well as taking broader measures to address vulnerabilities produced by labor markets, housing markets, and the rapid deterioration of social safety nets that often results from neoliberal globalization.Less
This book reveals how social contexts at various levels combine and interact to shape the experiences of transitional housing program users in two of the most prosperous cities of the global economy, Los Angeles and Tokyo. This is the first book to directly focus on exits from homelessness in American or Japanese cities, and it is the first targeted comparison of homelessness in two global cities. The book argues that homelessness should be understood primarily as a socially generated, traumatic, and stigmatizing predicament, rather than as a stable condition, identity, or culture. It pushes for movement away from the study of “homeless people” and “homeless culture” toward an understanding of homelessness as a condition that can be transcended at individual and societal levels. The book prescribes policy changes to end homelessness that include expanding subsidized housing to persons without disabilities and experiencing homelessness chronically, as well as taking broader measures to address vulnerabilities produced by labor markets, housing markets, and the rapid deterioration of social safety nets that often results from neoliberal globalization.
Maura Toro-Morn
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037573
- eISBN:
- 9780252094828
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037573.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This chapter examines the labor disruptions faced by low-wage undocumented Latina immigrant women under the current neoliberal regime by telling the story of Elvira Arellano, a Mexican immigrant who ...
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This chapter examines the labor disruptions faced by low-wage undocumented Latina immigrant women under the current neoliberal regime by telling the story of Elvira Arellano, a Mexican immigrant who followed the migrant trail of low-wage work in the United States. On August 15, 2007, Arellano traveled to Los Angeles to attend an immigration rally; four days later, she was apprehended by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and deported to Tijuana, Mexico. Arellano's case highlights the criminalization of undocumented immigrants in the the aftermath of 9/11 that has led to a dramatic increase in the number of Latinos sentenced to prison terms in U.S. federal courts. This chapter explores how neoliberal globalization processes in both Mexico and the United States have shaped Arellano's life choices, her agency, and politicization as an undocumented immigrant woman.Less
This chapter examines the labor disruptions faced by low-wage undocumented Latina immigrant women under the current neoliberal regime by telling the story of Elvira Arellano, a Mexican immigrant who followed the migrant trail of low-wage work in the United States. On August 15, 2007, Arellano traveled to Los Angeles to attend an immigration rally; four days later, she was apprehended by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) and deported to Tijuana, Mexico. Arellano's case highlights the criminalization of undocumented immigrants in the the aftermath of 9/11 that has led to a dramatic increase in the number of Latinos sentenced to prison terms in U.S. federal courts. This chapter explores how neoliberal globalization processes in both Mexico and the United States have shaped Arellano's life choices, her agency, and politicization as an undocumented immigrant woman.
Shapan Adnan
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198792444
- eISBN:
- 9780191834431
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198792444.003.0004
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
In order to analyze land alienation in contemporary India, Shapan Adnan follows a theoretical approach in which mechanisms of primitive accumulation are not restricted to use of force, but include ...
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In order to analyze land alienation in contemporary India, Shapan Adnan follows a theoretical approach in which mechanisms of primitive accumulation are not restricted to use of force, but include land transfer by agreement, as well as indirect mechanisms that are concerned with very different objectives. Reviewing evidence on land grabs, resistance, and workforce trends, he argues that primitive accumulation under neoliberal globalization has not been substantially followed by the absorption of the dispossessed in regular capitalist employment. Adnan puts forward a set of hypotheses to explain why the self-employed constituted at least half or more of the Indian workforce over 1999–2012. While such trends indicate a partial and short-run divergence from the classic Marxian schema of the transition to capitalism, Adnan argues that, given ongoing trends in the national and global economy, the long run outcome in India remains an open question.Less
In order to analyze land alienation in contemporary India, Shapan Adnan follows a theoretical approach in which mechanisms of primitive accumulation are not restricted to use of force, but include land transfer by agreement, as well as indirect mechanisms that are concerned with very different objectives. Reviewing evidence on land grabs, resistance, and workforce trends, he argues that primitive accumulation under neoliberal globalization has not been substantially followed by the absorption of the dispossessed in regular capitalist employment. Adnan puts forward a set of hypotheses to explain why the self-employed constituted at least half or more of the Indian workforce over 1999–2012. While such trends indicate a partial and short-run divergence from the classic Marxian schema of the transition to capitalism, Adnan argues that, given ongoing trends in the national and global economy, the long run outcome in India remains an open question.
Héctor R. Cordero-Guzmán
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252037573
- eISBN:
- 9780252094828
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252037573.003.0016
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This afterword summarizes the issues addressed by the book regarding the current condition and position of immigrant women in the U.S. economy. It highlights several of the book's significant ...
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This afterword summarizes the issues addressed by the book regarding the current condition and position of immigrant women in the U.S. economy. It highlights several of the book's significant contributions that set it apart from other works in the fields of gender, migration, and low-wage work. Drawing on a number of case studies, the book has explored the lived experiences of low-wage immigrant women and the ways in which they have been impacted by neoliberal globalization, flexibilization, and informality. It has investigated the emerging sectors of the informal economy and their increasingly intricate connection to the formal economy and the personal services sector, as well as the changing nature, character, and role of evolving ethnic enclaves in both providing opportunities for low-wage women and allowing exploitation, marginalization, and abuse to become rampant and intolerable for the workers. This afterword discusses some concrete implications of the book's findings for research on and policies regarding low-wage women and work.Less
This afterword summarizes the issues addressed by the book regarding the current condition and position of immigrant women in the U.S. economy. It highlights several of the book's significant contributions that set it apart from other works in the fields of gender, migration, and low-wage work. Drawing on a number of case studies, the book has explored the lived experiences of low-wage immigrant women and the ways in which they have been impacted by neoliberal globalization, flexibilization, and informality. It has investigated the emerging sectors of the informal economy and their increasingly intricate connection to the formal economy and the personal services sector, as well as the changing nature, character, and role of evolving ethnic enclaves in both providing opportunities for low-wage women and allowing exploitation, marginalization, and abuse to become rampant and intolerable for the workers. This afterword discusses some concrete implications of the book's findings for research on and policies regarding low-wage women and work.
