Margaret Robbins
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192626219
- eISBN:
- 9780191730016
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192626219.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Palliative Medicine Research, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making
The past 30 years has seen a huge expansion in the provision of palliative care services. Because palliative medicine is a multidisciplinary specialty – combining the expertise of oncologists, ...
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The past 30 years has seen a huge expansion in the provision of palliative care services. Because palliative medicine is a multidisciplinary specialty – combining the expertise of oncologists, anaesthetists, nurses, and many other therapeutic groups – the effectiveness of such treatment can be very difficult to measure. Additionally, research involving terminally ill patients and their carers can also present a number of practical and ethical problems. In spite of this, current health policy demands evidence of the effectiveness and value for money of health service interventions at all levels of complexity, including the service level. This book provides an introduction to the theory and practice of the evaluation of palliative care services. It examines the methodological issues involved in the evaluation of palliative care and outlines a practical approach that is readily applicable to many other health care interventions. In particular, research issues involving terminally ill patients and their carers are analysed and discussed, and approaches suggested for future work.Less
The past 30 years has seen a huge expansion in the provision of palliative care services. Because palliative medicine is a multidisciplinary specialty – combining the expertise of oncologists, anaesthetists, nurses, and many other therapeutic groups – the effectiveness of such treatment can be very difficult to measure. Additionally, research involving terminally ill patients and their carers can also present a number of practical and ethical problems. In spite of this, current health policy demands evidence of the effectiveness and value for money of health service interventions at all levels of complexity, including the service level. This book provides an introduction to the theory and practice of the evaluation of palliative care services. It examines the methodological issues involved in the evaluation of palliative care and outlines a practical approach that is readily applicable to many other health care interventions. In particular, research issues involving terminally ill patients and their carers are analysed and discussed, and approaches suggested for future work.
Carolyn M. Jones and Theodore Louis Trost
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195167979
- eISBN:
- 9780199784981
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019516797X.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, World Religions
This introductory chapter discusses the subject of teaching African American religions. It argues that teaching in the 21st century classroom requires, a larger “toolkit”, which must involve ...
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This introductory chapter discusses the subject of teaching African American religions. It argues that teaching in the 21st century classroom requires, a larger “toolkit”, which must involve interdisciplinary and perhaps multidisciplinary approaches. It must also emphasize material: the body, artifacts, and movement. An overview of the chapters included in this volume is presented.Less
This introductory chapter discusses the subject of teaching African American religions. It argues that teaching in the 21st century classroom requires, a larger “toolkit”, which must involve interdisciplinary and perhaps multidisciplinary approaches. It must also emphasize material: the body, artifacts, and movement. An overview of the chapters included in this volume is presented.
John T. Cacioppo
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195324273
- eISBN:
- 9780199893966
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195324273.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter presents an overview of the three chapters (Chapters 2-4) in Part I of the book. The chapters illustrate the important contributions of multilevel integrative analyses to the ...
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This chapter presents an overview of the three chapters (Chapters 2-4) in Part I of the book. The chapters illustrate the important contributions of multilevel integrative analyses to the understanding of these basic mechanisms and to the delineation of the etiology of cardiovascular disease. Each represents a program of research that exemplifies scientific synergism, extending beyond the technical or scientific capacity of a single investigator. Each also uses new and emerging methods and technologies that require multidisciplinary collaborations (e.g., biomedical engineers, cardiologists, biopsychologists, health psychologists).Less
This chapter presents an overview of the three chapters (Chapters 2-4) in Part I of the book. The chapters illustrate the important contributions of multilevel integrative analyses to the understanding of these basic mechanisms and to the delineation of the etiology of cardiovascular disease. Each represents a program of research that exemplifies scientific synergism, extending beyond the technical or scientific capacity of a single investigator. Each also uses new and emerging methods and technologies that require multidisciplinary collaborations (e.g., biomedical engineers, cardiologists, biopsychologists, health psychologists).
Carol D. Ryff and Burton Singer
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195324273
- eISBN:
- 9780199893966
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195324273.003.0014
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter presents an interdisciplinary study on the topic of human resilience, which is defined as the capacity to maintain or regain health and well-being in the face of adversity. The first ...
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This chapter presents an interdisciplinary study on the topic of human resilience, which is defined as the capacity to maintain or regain health and well-being in the face of adversity. The first section reviews why comprehensive understanding of resilience requires a multidisciplinary approach. It summarizes key contributions from different disciplines and domains of inquiry. The second section elaborates the findings and insights from the resilience agenda, briefly sketched in this chapter. These include not only substantive results but also the development of innovative methods for integrating data from diverse psychosocial, experiential, and biological realms. The third section provides a more personal, inside look at the story of the collaboration.Less
This chapter presents an interdisciplinary study on the topic of human resilience, which is defined as the capacity to maintain or regain health and well-being in the face of adversity. The first section reviews why comprehensive understanding of resilience requires a multidisciplinary approach. It summarizes key contributions from different disciplines and domains of inquiry. The second section elaborates the findings and insights from the resilience agenda, briefly sketched in this chapter. These include not only substantive results but also the development of innovative methods for integrating data from diverse psychosocial, experiential, and biological realms. The third section provides a more personal, inside look at the story of the collaboration.
Patricia L. Rosenfield and Frank Kessel
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195324273
- eISBN:
- 9780199893966
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195324273.003.0025
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter reviews the case studies discussed in the preceding chapters. It considers some of the significant theoretical and empirical findings that have emerged from these research programs. It ...
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This chapter reviews the case studies discussed in the preceding chapters. It considers some of the significant theoretical and empirical findings that have emerged from these research programs. It then sketches aspects of the broader framework of research processes within which such findings were produced. Following that, the chapter attempts to tease out the main facilitating and constraining factors associated with interdisciplinary efforts.Less
This chapter reviews the case studies discussed in the preceding chapters. It considers some of the significant theoretical and empirical findings that have emerged from these research programs. It then sketches aspects of the broader framework of research processes within which such findings were produced. Following that, the chapter attempts to tease out the main facilitating and constraining factors associated with interdisciplinary efforts.
WILLIAM TWINING
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197264843
- eISBN:
- 9780191754050
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264843.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Methodology and Statistics
This chapter examines critically both the idea of ‘a multidisciplinary field’ or ‘an integrated science’ of evidence, and scepticism about and resistance to this idea from the standpoint of a jurist ...
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This chapter examines critically both the idea of ‘a multidisciplinary field’ or ‘an integrated science’ of evidence, and scepticism about and resistance to this idea from the standpoint of a jurist who has been involved with interdisciplinary work on evidence in law for many years. The chapter is organized as follows. Part I presents an overview of the intellectual history of the academic study of evidence in law in the Anglo‐American tradition and shows how important aspects of the field came to be recognised as inherently multidisciplinary. Part II identifies some limitations of legal perspectives on evidence, especially when the focus is on contested trials. It recounts the story of attempts to move beyond law in the direction of constructing a general field of evidence that formed part of the background of the UCL programme. Part III examines some of the reasons for suspicion of and resistance to the idea of ‘an integrated science of evidence’. Part IV restates the case for recognition and institutionalisation of evidence as a special focus of attention at the present time and puts forward a personal agenda of general questions that still need to be tackled.Less
This chapter examines critically both the idea of ‘a multidisciplinary field’ or ‘an integrated science’ of evidence, and scepticism about and resistance to this idea from the standpoint of a jurist who has been involved with interdisciplinary work on evidence in law for many years. The chapter is organized as follows. Part I presents an overview of the intellectual history of the academic study of evidence in law in the Anglo‐American tradition and shows how important aspects of the field came to be recognised as inherently multidisciplinary. Part II identifies some limitations of legal perspectives on evidence, especially when the focus is on contested trials. It recounts the story of attempts to move beyond law in the direction of constructing a general field of evidence that formed part of the background of the UCL programme. Part III examines some of the reasons for suspicion of and resistance to the idea of ‘an integrated science of evidence’. Part IV restates the case for recognition and institutionalisation of evidence as a special focus of attention at the present time and puts forward a personal agenda of general questions that still need to be tackled.
Noel T. Boaz and Russell L. Ciochon
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195152913
- eISBN:
- 9780199790036
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195152913.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
This book recreates the story of life before Homo sapiens walked the earth. It was once thought that “Peking Man”, the remains of a cave man discovered at the famous fossil site of Dragon Bone Hill ...
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This book recreates the story of life before Homo sapiens walked the earth. It was once thought that “Peking Man”, the remains of a cave man discovered at the famous fossil site of Dragon Bone Hill in China, had been a great hunter. But Peking Man was actually a composite of the remains of some fifty women, children, and men unfortunate enough to have been the prey of a giant cave hyena. The book retells the story of the cave's unique species of early human, Homo erectus. New evidence shows that Homo erectus was an opportunist who rode a tide of environmental change out of Africa into Eurasia, puddle-jumping from one gene pool to the next. Armed with a shaky hold on fire and some sharp rocks, Homo erectus survived for over 1.5 million years, much longer than Homo sapiens, our own species, has been on Earth. Tell-tale marks on fossil bones show that the lives of these early humans were brutal, yet there are fleeting glimpses of human compassion as well. The small brain of Homo erectus and its strangely unchanging culture indicate that the species could not talk. Part of that primitive culture included ritualized aggression, to which the extremely thick skulls of Homo erectus bear witness.Less
This book recreates the story of life before Homo sapiens walked the earth. It was once thought that “Peking Man”, the remains of a cave man discovered at the famous fossil site of Dragon Bone Hill in China, had been a great hunter. But Peking Man was actually a composite of the remains of some fifty women, children, and men unfortunate enough to have been the prey of a giant cave hyena. The book retells the story of the cave's unique species of early human, Homo erectus. New evidence shows that Homo erectus was an opportunist who rode a tide of environmental change out of Africa into Eurasia, puddle-jumping from one gene pool to the next. Armed with a shaky hold on fire and some sharp rocks, Homo erectus survived for over 1.5 million years, much longer than Homo sapiens, our own species, has been on Earth. Tell-tale marks on fossil bones show that the lives of these early humans were brutal, yet there are fleeting glimpses of human compassion as well. The small brain of Homo erectus and its strangely unchanging culture indicate that the species could not talk. Part of that primitive culture included ritualized aggression, to which the extremely thick skulls of Homo erectus bear witness.
Klaus R.H. von Wild
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195176704
- eISBN:
- 9780199864706
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195176704.003.0009
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, History of Neuroscience
This chapter discusses functional (early)-rehabilitation and outcome in neurosurgery since the number of patients with permanent brain damage (TBI) is growing as a result of the increased survival ...
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This chapter discusses functional (early)-rehabilitation and outcome in neurosurgery since the number of patients with permanent brain damage (TBI) is growing as a result of the increased survival rate. Based on the literature explicatory case histories confirm that essential cognitive impairment and neuropsychological disability will ultimately determine the final degree of handicap and performance capacity following brain damage as classified by the WHO ICDH 2 and its new definition of disability. Early-Neurorehabilitation that respects all aspects of the individual's health related social, economic, and cultural aspects can successfully be performed by means of an inter-/transdisciplinary team approach. By contrast, in emerging countries, these preconditions are still generally lacking. The novel QOLIBRI QoL assessment tool integrates disease specific issues of TBI individuals in the long run, for example cognition, existential aspects etc that are missing in generic tools. International societies like WFNR, WFNS, AMN, CNM, EMN, and QOLIBRI provide a more scientific understanding in neurorehabilitation and outcome.Less
This chapter discusses functional (early)-rehabilitation and outcome in neurosurgery since the number of patients with permanent brain damage (TBI) is growing as a result of the increased survival rate. Based on the literature explicatory case histories confirm that essential cognitive impairment and neuropsychological disability will ultimately determine the final degree of handicap and performance capacity following brain damage as classified by the WHO ICDH 2 and its new definition of disability. Early-Neurorehabilitation that respects all aspects of the individual's health related social, economic, and cultural aspects can successfully be performed by means of an inter-/transdisciplinary team approach. By contrast, in emerging countries, these preconditions are still generally lacking. The novel QOLIBRI QoL assessment tool integrates disease specific issues of TBI individuals in the long run, for example cognition, existential aspects etc that are missing in generic tools. International societies like WFNR, WFNS, AMN, CNM, EMN, and QOLIBRI provide a more scientific understanding in neurorehabilitation and outcome.
Jorge Delva, Paula Allen-Meares, and Sandra L. Momper
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195382501
- eISBN:
- 9780199777419
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195382501.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
In this chapter, we define cross-cultural research, describe the framework that overall guides our work and that, in particular, guided our work, and provide an overview of the various research ...
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In this chapter, we define cross-cultural research, describe the framework that overall guides our work and that, in particular, guided our work, and provide an overview of the various research methods that are discussed in the book, including the populations studied. These projects fall into different points of the emic–etic continuum, with some studies taking a more emic approach, others a more etic approach, and yet others presenting an emic–etic distinction that is less salient. We also present the central themes that influenced the writing of this book. These themes consider culture as a fluid and changing entity and invite cross-cultural researchers to avoid making sweeping generalizations that risk taking on essentialist characteristics. In this chapter we set the stage for a discussion about cross-cultural research needing to include an intersectionality lens, one that encompasses a broader range of multiple identities, to better understand the complexity and diversity of human behavior.Less
In this chapter, we define cross-cultural research, describe the framework that overall guides our work and that, in particular, guided our work, and provide an overview of the various research methods that are discussed in the book, including the populations studied. These projects fall into different points of the emic–etic continuum, with some studies taking a more emic approach, others a more etic approach, and yet others presenting an emic–etic distinction that is less salient. We also present the central themes that influenced the writing of this book. These themes consider culture as a fluid and changing entity and invite cross-cultural researchers to avoid making sweeping generalizations that risk taking on essentialist characteristics. In this chapter we set the stage for a discussion about cross-cultural research needing to include an intersectionality lens, one that encompasses a broader range of multiple identities, to better understand the complexity and diversity of human behavior.
Sandra L. Barnes, Lauren Brinkley-Rubinstein, Bernadette Doykos, Nina C. Martin, and Alison McGuire (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780823268795
- eISBN:
- 9780823272518
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823268795.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
The edited volume describes a multi-disciplinary model where students and faculty work with communities, learn from them, and contribute the fruits of theory and research to solving community ...
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The edited volume describes a multi-disciplinary model where students and faculty work with communities, learn from them, and contribute the fruits of theory and research to solving community problems. It is a model where theory and action span multiple ecological levels from individuals and small group to organizations and social structures. The communities of engagement range from local neighborhoods and schools to national policy and international development. These forms of engagement require carefully crafted institutional structures to support them. This volume offers examples of community-engaged theory, scholarship, and action, and the structures that foster them within a research university. The examples are drawn from the Department of Human and Organizational Development at Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, whose programs, from undergraduate service learning and internships to doctoral training in community research and action, embody the vision of The Academy in Action! The chapters document how authentic partnerships between the academy and the community result in meaningful research and praxis.Less
The edited volume describes a multi-disciplinary model where students and faculty work with communities, learn from them, and contribute the fruits of theory and research to solving community problems. It is a model where theory and action span multiple ecological levels from individuals and small group to organizations and social structures. The communities of engagement range from local neighborhoods and schools to national policy and international development. These forms of engagement require carefully crafted institutional structures to support them. This volume offers examples of community-engaged theory, scholarship, and action, and the structures that foster them within a research university. The examples are drawn from the Department of Human and Organizational Development at Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, whose programs, from undergraduate service learning and internships to doctoral training in community research and action, embody the vision of The Academy in Action! The chapters document how authentic partnerships between the academy and the community result in meaningful research and praxis.
Morten H. Christiansen, Chris Collins, and Shimon Edelman
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195305432
- eISBN:
- 9780199866953
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305432.003.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Models and Architectures
This chapter begins with a brief discussion of the general perspective in the linguistic community on language universals. It then presents an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book. This ...
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This chapter begins with a brief discussion of the general perspective in the linguistic community on language universals. It then presents an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book. This is followed by a discussion of the importance of interdisciplinary research and a multidisciplinary approach towards understanding language universals.Less
This chapter begins with a brief discussion of the general perspective in the linguistic community on language universals. It then presents an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book. This is followed by a discussion of the importance of interdisciplinary research and a multidisciplinary approach towards understanding language universals.
Kathleen Coulborn Faller
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195311778
- eISBN:
- 9780199865055
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311778.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Children and Families, Crime and Justice
Professionals must decide which people, who may inform the likelihood of sexual abuse, to see, and in what configurations when assessing for sexual abuse. Professionals must also be able to provide a ...
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Professionals must decide which people, who may inform the likelihood of sexual abuse, to see, and in what configurations when assessing for sexual abuse. Professionals must also be able to provide a rationale for the model of assessment they employed. This chapter conceptualizes current practice into four, overlapping models for conducting assessments for possible sexual abuse. It also goes through the research and opinion about models for assessment.Less
Professionals must decide which people, who may inform the likelihood of sexual abuse, to see, and in what configurations when assessing for sexual abuse. Professionals must also be able to provide a rationale for the model of assessment they employed. This chapter conceptualizes current practice into four, overlapping models for conducting assessments for possible sexual abuse. It also goes through the research and opinion about models for assessment.
Deborah R. Becker and Robert E. Drake
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195131215
- eISBN:
- 9780199863808
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195131215.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter starts the second section of the book on practice guidelines for implementing supported employment. It provides a brief overview of IPS services. In IPS, employment is viewed as ...
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This chapter starts the second section of the book on practice guidelines for implementing supported employment. It provides a brief overview of IPS services. In IPS, employment is viewed as therapeutic and normalizing. Working in regular jobs with people who don't have mental illness enhances people’s lives. Vocational assessment is based on real work experiences. Employment specialists help people access benefits counseling in order to make good decisions about working. Employment specialists encourage people to do as much in the job search process as possible. They assist the person as needed to gain competitive employment so as not to let the job search and interviewing become barriers to employment. A vignette is provided to illustrate how one person was able to return to a working life with the support of IPS services.Less
This chapter starts the second section of the book on practice guidelines for implementing supported employment. It provides a brief overview of IPS services. In IPS, employment is viewed as therapeutic and normalizing. Working in regular jobs with people who don't have mental illness enhances people’s lives. Vocational assessment is based on real work experiences. Employment specialists help people access benefits counseling in order to make good decisions about working. Employment specialists encourage people to do as much in the job search process as possible. They assist the person as needed to gain competitive employment so as not to let the job search and interviewing become barriers to employment. A vignette is provided to illustrate how one person was able to return to a working life with the support of IPS services.
Helen Kraus
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199600786
- eISBN:
- 9780191731563
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199600786.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, Church History
The introductory chapter gives a more detailed introduction to the study and its aims and objectives. It briefly charts the recent progress of feminist scholarship to a more moderate stance, to a ...
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The introductory chapter gives a more detailed introduction to the study and its aims and objectives. It briefly charts the recent progress of feminist scholarship to a more moderate stance, to a multidisciplinary — even minimalist — approach. In the context of the Creation and Fall, it touches on the problems of gender‐exclusive language, gender‐bias, male/female stereotypes, and the implications of monotheism, a linguistically gendered God and the attendant prejudices and preconceptions. It points out that, as a piece of Old Testament research, this study is something of a hybrid, comprising exegesis, literary criticism and reception history, and drawing together a number of hitherto discrete approaches. This also means that, along the way, many potentially fruitful explorations have had to be put aside in the interest of brevity and clarity.Less
The introductory chapter gives a more detailed introduction to the study and its aims and objectives. It briefly charts the recent progress of feminist scholarship to a more moderate stance, to a multidisciplinary — even minimalist — approach. In the context of the Creation and Fall, it touches on the problems of gender‐exclusive language, gender‐bias, male/female stereotypes, and the implications of monotheism, a linguistically gendered God and the attendant prejudices and preconceptions. It points out that, as a piece of Old Testament research, this study is something of a hybrid, comprising exegesis, literary criticism and reception history, and drawing together a number of hitherto discrete approaches. This also means that, along the way, many potentially fruitful explorations have had to be put aside in the interest of brevity and clarity.
Susannah B. F. Paletz and Christian D. Schunn
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753628
- eISBN:
- 9780199950027
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753628.003.0018
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Social Psychology
Research in the psychology of science has typically fallen into separate, isolated subfields within psychology. This chapter examines two models that tie together social and cognitive psychological ...
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Research in the psychology of science has typically fallen into separate, isolated subfields within psychology. This chapter examines two models that tie together social and cognitive psychological variables important in the development of innovation in multidisciplinary science teams, separately considering convergent versus divergent creative processes. The models are theoretically examined from the perspective of explicit and implicit elements. The chapter then draws on a recent study examining the moment-by-moment interplay of conflict (a social variable) and analogy (a cognitive variable) in a real-world multidisciplinary science team to examine the empirical nature of connections between social and cognitive models. While both conflict and analogies can be implicit and explicit simultaneously, the significant connections between these two variables seem to be mainly implicit, drawing on underlying knowledge structures and differences.Less
Research in the psychology of science has typically fallen into separate, isolated subfields within psychology. This chapter examines two models that tie together social and cognitive psychological variables important in the development of innovation in multidisciplinary science teams, separately considering convergent versus divergent creative processes. The models are theoretically examined from the perspective of explicit and implicit elements. The chapter then draws on a recent study examining the moment-by-moment interplay of conflict (a social variable) and analogy (a cognitive variable) in a real-world multidisciplinary science team to examine the empirical nature of connections between social and cognitive models. While both conflict and analogies can be implicit and explicit simultaneously, the significant connections between these two variables seem to be mainly implicit, drawing on underlying knowledge structures and differences.
Annette Karmiloff-Smith and Emily K. Farran
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199594818
- eISBN:
- 9780191738166
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199594818.003.0010
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to serve as a paradigm for multidisciplinary, neuroconstructivist approaches to a wide range of other syndromes, taking the ...
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This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to serve as a paradigm for multidisciplinary, neuroconstructivist approaches to a wide range of other syndromes, taking the neurodevelopmental disorder Williams syndrome (WS) as a model syndrome. It then discusses the neuroconstructivist approach to neurodevelopmental disorders. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.Less
This introductory chapter first sets out the purpose of the book, which is to serve as a paradigm for multidisciplinary, neuroconstructivist approaches to a wide range of other syndromes, taking the neurodevelopmental disorder Williams syndrome (WS) as a model syndrome. It then discusses the neuroconstructivist approach to neurodevelopmental disorders. An overview of the subsequent chapters is also presented.
Jacqui True
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199755929
- eISBN:
- 9780199979516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199755929.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Chapter 2 sets out the elements of a feminist political economy method employed to analyze different forms of violence against women, their causes, and their consequences. It stresses the linkages ...
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Chapter 2 sets out the elements of a feminist political economy method employed to analyze different forms of violence against women, their causes, and their consequences. It stresses the linkages between poverty and material gender inequalities—the global, political-economic, and highly masculine authority structures that both condition and heighten women's vulnerability to violence. The chapter canvases various multidisciplinary approaches that seek to explain and address violence against women, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses from a political economy perspective. The chapter outlines three elements of a feminist political economy method that should be central in any analysis of—and proposed strategies to end—violence against women: the gender division of labor within the family and household economy; the contemporary global, macro-economy in which capitalist competition fuels the quest for cheap sources of (women's) labor and for deregulated investment conditions; and the masculine protector and feminine-protected identities associated with war and militarism and the division of warfront/home front associated with armed conflict and its aftermath.Less
Chapter 2 sets out the elements of a feminist political economy method employed to analyze different forms of violence against women, their causes, and their consequences. It stresses the linkages between poverty and material gender inequalities—the global, political-economic, and highly masculine authority structures that both condition and heighten women's vulnerability to violence. The chapter canvases various multidisciplinary approaches that seek to explain and address violence against women, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses from a political economy perspective. The chapter outlines three elements of a feminist political economy method that should be central in any analysis of—and proposed strategies to end—violence against women: the gender division of labor within the family and household economy; the contemporary global, macro-economy in which capitalist competition fuels the quest for cheap sources of (women's) labor and for deregulated investment conditions; and the masculine protector and feminine-protected identities associated with war and militarism and the division of warfront/home front associated with armed conflict and its aftermath.
Yaacov Bar-Siman-Tov
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195166439
- eISBN:
- 9780199849796
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195166439.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Identifying the roots of conflict and resolving such conflict does not necessarily promote stable peace or prevent new conflicts from coming about. Reconciliation, however, is believed to be ...
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Identifying the roots of conflict and resolving such conflict does not necessarily promote stable peace or prevent new conflicts from coming about. Reconciliation, however, is believed to be essential for converting current peace into a more stable peace. Studying reconciliation entails the participation of experts and researchers from several different fields because reconciliation is viewed to be multidisciplinary. This project, which is initiated by two research departments from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, approaches the notion of reconciliation through the perspective of international relations, philosophy, psychology, sociology, history, and political science.Less
Identifying the roots of conflict and resolving such conflict does not necessarily promote stable peace or prevent new conflicts from coming about. Reconciliation, however, is believed to be essential for converting current peace into a more stable peace. Studying reconciliation entails the participation of experts and researchers from several different fields because reconciliation is viewed to be multidisciplinary. This project, which is initiated by two research departments from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, approaches the notion of reconciliation through the perspective of international relations, philosophy, psychology, sociology, history, and political science.
W. Mark Ormrod, Joanna Story, and Elizabeth M. Tyler (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780197266724
- eISBN:
- 9780191916052
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266724.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Migration Studies (including Refugee Studies)
This book is a ground-breaking study of the phenomenon of migration in and to England over the medieval millennium, between c. AD 500 and c. AD 1500. It reaches across traditional scholarly divides, ...
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This book is a ground-breaking study of the phenomenon of migration in and to England over the medieval millennium, between c. AD 500 and c. AD 1500. It reaches across traditional scholarly divides, both disciplinary and chronological, to investigate, for the first time, the different types of data and scholarly methods that reveal evidence of migration and mobility within the medieval kingdom of England. England offers the opportunity for studying migration and migrants over the longue durée, because it has been a recognisable political unit for over a millennium and because a wealth of source material has survived from these centuries. The data vary unevenly in quality and quantity across this period, but become considerably more powerful through multi-disciplinary approaches to data collection and interpretation. Fifteen subject specialists synthesise and extend recent research in a wide range of disciplines, including archaeology, art history, genetics, historical linguistics, history, literature and onomastics. They evaluate the capacity of different genres of evidence for addressing questions around migration and its effects on the identities of groups and individuals within medieval England, as well as methodological parameters and future research potential. The book therefore marks an important contribution to medieval studies, and to modern debates on migration and the free movement of people, arguing that migration in the modern world, and its reverberations, cannot be completely understood without taking a broad historical perspective on the topic.Less
This book is a ground-breaking study of the phenomenon of migration in and to England over the medieval millennium, between c. AD 500 and c. AD 1500. It reaches across traditional scholarly divides, both disciplinary and chronological, to investigate, for the first time, the different types of data and scholarly methods that reveal evidence of migration and mobility within the medieval kingdom of England. England offers the opportunity for studying migration and migrants over the longue durée, because it has been a recognisable political unit for over a millennium and because a wealth of source material has survived from these centuries. The data vary unevenly in quality and quantity across this period, but become considerably more powerful through multi-disciplinary approaches to data collection and interpretation. Fifteen subject specialists synthesise and extend recent research in a wide range of disciplines, including archaeology, art history, genetics, historical linguistics, history, literature and onomastics. They evaluate the capacity of different genres of evidence for addressing questions around migration and its effects on the identities of groups and individuals within medieval England, as well as methodological parameters and future research potential. The book therefore marks an important contribution to medieval studies, and to modern debates on migration and the free movement of people, arguing that migration in the modern world, and its reverberations, cannot be completely understood without taking a broad historical perspective on the topic.
Reuben P. Keller, Marc W. Cadotte, and Glenn Sandiford (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780226166049
- eISBN:
- 9780226166216
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226166216.001.0001
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology
We live in a globalized world in which people and goods are transported across ecosystem boundaries in greater volumes and faster than ever before. One consequence of globalization has been the ...
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We live in a globalized world in which people and goods are transported across ecosystem boundaries in greater volumes and faster than ever before. One consequence of globalization has been the introduction, establishment, and spread of many thousands of species beyond the ecosystems in which they evolved. Many of these species cause harm, and are referred to as invasive. This sub-set of non-native species is now recognized to be one of the largest global drivers of environmental change, and policy is being developed at local, national and international scales to address the issues. Enacting policies that will successfully reduce the impacts of invasive species requires contributions from economists, ecologists, legal scholars, historians, engineers, and many more. Many experts from these disciplines are working on invasive species, but this work has rarely crossed disciplinary boundaries. This book brings together experts from many disciplines to present multi-disciplinary perspectives on the impacts of invasive species, and how policy can be created and enacted to reduce those impacts.Less
We live in a globalized world in which people and goods are transported across ecosystem boundaries in greater volumes and faster than ever before. One consequence of globalization has been the introduction, establishment, and spread of many thousands of species beyond the ecosystems in which they evolved. Many of these species cause harm, and are referred to as invasive. This sub-set of non-native species is now recognized to be one of the largest global drivers of environmental change, and policy is being developed at local, national and international scales to address the issues. Enacting policies that will successfully reduce the impacts of invasive species requires contributions from economists, ecologists, legal scholars, historians, engineers, and many more. Many experts from these disciplines are working on invasive species, but this work has rarely crossed disciplinary boundaries. This book brings together experts from many disciplines to present multi-disciplinary perspectives on the impacts of invasive species, and how policy can be created and enacted to reduce those impacts.
