Uwe Steinhoff
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199547807
- eISBN:
- 9780191720758
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199547807.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, Political Theory
The introduction explains the position and status of Habermas' theory in modern philosophy as well as the reasons for the significant interest it has generated. It also informs the reader how the ...
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The introduction explains the position and status of Habermas' theory in modern philosophy as well as the reasons for the significant interest it has generated. It also informs the reader how the analysis will proceed.Less
The introduction explains the position and status of Habermas' theory in modern philosophy as well as the reasons for the significant interest it has generated. It also informs the reader how the analysis will proceed.
Roger Teichmann
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199299331
- eISBN:
- 9780191715068
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199299331.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
One of the most important philosophers of recent times, Elizabeth Anscombe wrote books and articles on a wide range of topics, including the ground-breaking monograph Intention. This book studies ...
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One of the most important philosophers of recent times, Elizabeth Anscombe wrote books and articles on a wide range of topics, including the ground-breaking monograph Intention. This book studies Anscombe's philosophical oeuvre. It presents Anscombe's main ideas, bringing out their interconnections, elaborating and discussing their implications, pointing out objections and difficulties, and aims to give a unified overview of her philosophy. Many of Anscombe's arguments are relevant to contemporary debates, and on a number of topics, what Anscombe has to say constitutes a powerful alternative to dominant or popular views. Among the writings discussed are Intention, ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’, ‘Rules, Rights and Promises’, ‘On Brute Facts’, ‘The First Person’, ‘The Intentionality of Sensation’, ‘Causality and Determination’, An Introduction to Wittgenstein's Tractatus, ‘The Question of Linguistic Idealism’, and a number of other pieces, including some that are little known or hard to obtain. A complete bibliography of Anscombe's writings is also included. Ranging from the philosophy of action, through ethics, to philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and the philosophy of logic and language, this book is a study of one of the most significant bodies of work in modern philosophy, spanning more than fifty years, and one which is as pertinent today as ever.Less
One of the most important philosophers of recent times, Elizabeth Anscombe wrote books and articles on a wide range of topics, including the ground-breaking monograph Intention. This book studies Anscombe's philosophical oeuvre. It presents Anscombe's main ideas, bringing out their interconnections, elaborating and discussing their implications, pointing out objections and difficulties, and aims to give a unified overview of her philosophy. Many of Anscombe's arguments are relevant to contemporary debates, and on a number of topics, what Anscombe has to say constitutes a powerful alternative to dominant or popular views. Among the writings discussed are Intention, ‘Modern Moral Philosophy’, ‘Rules, Rights and Promises’, ‘On Brute Facts’, ‘The First Person’, ‘The Intentionality of Sensation’, ‘Causality and Determination’, An Introduction to Wittgenstein's Tractatus, ‘The Question of Linguistic Idealism’, and a number of other pieces, including some that are little known or hard to obtain. A complete bibliography of Anscombe's writings is also included. Ranging from the philosophy of action, through ethics, to philosophy of mind, metaphysics, and the philosophy of logic and language, this book is a study of one of the most significant bodies of work in modern philosophy, spanning more than fifty years, and one which is as pertinent today as ever.
Dominic J. O’Meara
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199285532
- eISBN:
- 9780191717819
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199285532.003.0015
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Ancient Philosophy
This conclusion summarizes the argument of the book, gives some indications of the later history of Neoplatonic political philosophy in Byzantium and in the Italian Renaissance, and discusses the ...
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This conclusion summarizes the argument of the book, gives some indications of the later history of Neoplatonic political philosophy in Byzantium and in the Italian Renaissance, and discusses the differences separating this philosophy from modern views concerning the nature of political philosophy.Less
This conclusion summarizes the argument of the book, gives some indications of the later history of Neoplatonic political philosophy in Byzantium and in the Italian Renaissance, and discusses the differences separating this philosophy from modern views concerning the nature of political philosophy.
Henry E. Allison
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199532889
- eISBN:
- 9780191714450
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199532889.003.0011
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter deals with what is termed Hume's ‘natural history of philosophy’, as contained in the two brief sections on the ancient and the modern philosophies. It also contains a comparison of the ...
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This chapter deals with what is termed Hume's ‘natural history of philosophy’, as contained in the two brief sections on the ancient and the modern philosophies. It also contains a comparison of the therapeutic function of philosophical critique, which Hume assumes in these sections, with Kant's account of the therapeutic function of a critique of pure reason in the Transcendental Dialectic of the first Critique. The chapter is divided into three parts. The first discusses Hume's account of the ancient philosophy, which he presents in proto-psychoanalytic terms. The second discusses the modern philosophy and its pretension to be the ‘true philosophy’. It is argued that underlying both is a futile quest for explanatory completeness or closure, which is described as a ‘philosophical neurosis’. The third section spells out the comparison with Kant, for whom an analogous unattainable quest for closure (the ‘unconditioned’) is seen to underlie traditional metaphysics.Less
This chapter deals with what is termed Hume's ‘natural history of philosophy’, as contained in the two brief sections on the ancient and the modern philosophies. It also contains a comparison of the therapeutic function of philosophical critique, which Hume assumes in these sections, with Kant's account of the therapeutic function of a critique of pure reason in the Transcendental Dialectic of the first Critique. The chapter is divided into three parts. The first discusses Hume's account of the ancient philosophy, which he presents in proto-psychoanalytic terms. The second discusses the modern philosophy and its pretension to be the ‘true philosophy’. It is argued that underlying both is a futile quest for explanatory completeness or closure, which is described as a ‘philosophical neurosis’. The third section spells out the comparison with Kant, for whom an analogous unattainable quest for closure (the ‘unconditioned’) is seen to underlie traditional metaphysics.
Daniel Garber and Donald Rutherford (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199659593
- eISBN:
- 9780191745218
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199659593.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy is an annual series, presenting a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth ...
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Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy is an annual series, presenting a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries — the extraordinary period of intellectual flourishing that begins, very roughly, with Descartes and his contemporaries and ends with Kant. It also publishes papers on thinkers or movements outside of that framework, provided they are important in illuminating early modern thought. Topics covered include Spinoza's political philosophy, Leibniz, monadic domination, Newton's ontology of omnipresence and infinate space, Hume, and Descarte.Less
Oxford Studies in Early Modern Philosophy is an annual series, presenting a selection of the best current work in the history of early modern philosophy. It focuses on the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries — the extraordinary period of intellectual flourishing that begins, very roughly, with Descartes and his contemporaries and ends with Kant. It also publishes papers on thinkers or movements outside of that framework, provided they are important in illuminating early modern thought. Topics covered include Spinoza's political philosophy, Leibniz, monadic domination, Newton's ontology of omnipresence and infinate space, Hume, and Descarte.
Martin Puchner
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199730322
- eISBN:
- 9780199852796
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199730322.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama
This chapter provides an illustration of the history of modern philosophy from the point of view of theater. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the premise that Plato should be considered an enemy ...
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This chapter provides an illustration of the history of modern philosophy from the point of view of theater. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the premise that Plato should be considered an enemy of the theater by theater establishments and philosophy began to collapse. Plato had been accepted not only by dramatists but also by philosophers as a playwright. A “theatrical turn” or “dramatic turn” returned philosophy to its dramatic origin. This chapter presents how Plato's dialogues are now routinely performed in theaters and how theater establishments coped with his radical reforms.Less
This chapter provides an illustration of the history of modern philosophy from the point of view of theater. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the premise that Plato should be considered an enemy of the theater by theater establishments and philosophy began to collapse. Plato had been accepted not only by dramatists but also by philosophers as a playwright. A “theatrical turn” or “dramatic turn” returned philosophy to its dramatic origin. This chapter presents how Plato's dialogues are now routinely performed in theaters and how theater establishments coped with his radical reforms.
Stephen Neale
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199247158
- eISBN:
- 9780191598081
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199247153.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
This book is an original examination of attempts to dislodge a cornerstone of modern philosophy: the idea that our thoughts and utterances are representations of slices of reality. Representations ...
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This book is an original examination of attempts to dislodge a cornerstone of modern philosophy: the idea that our thoughts and utterances are representations of slices of reality. Representations that are accurate are usually said to be true, to correspond to the facts—this is the foundation of correspondence theories of truth. A number of prominent philosophers have tried to undermine the idea that propositions, facts, and correspondence can play any useful role in philosophy, and formal arguments have been advanced to demonstrate that, under seemingly uncontroversial conditions, such entities collapse into an undifferentiated unity. The demise of individual facts is meant to herald the dawn of a new era in philosophy, in which debates about scepticism, realism, subjectivity, representational and computational theories of mind, possible worlds, and divergent conceptual schemes that represent reality in different ways to different persons, periods, or cultures evaporate through lack of subject matter. By carefully untangling a host of intersecting metaphysical, epistemological, semantic, and logical issues, and providing original analyses of key aspects of the work of Donald Davidson, Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, and Kurt Gödel (to each of whom a chapter is dedicated), Stephen Neale demonstrates that arguments for the collapse of facts are considerably more complex and interesting than ever imagined. A number of deep semantic facts emerge along with a powerful proof: while it is technically possible to avoid the collapse of facts, rescue the idea of representations of reality, and thereby face anew the problems raised by the sceptic or the relativist, doing so requires making some tough semantic decisions about predicates and descriptions. It is simply impossible, Neale shows, to invoke representations, facts, states, or propositions without making hard choices—choices that may send many philosophers scurrying back to the drawing board. The book will be crucial to future work in metaphysics, the philosophy of language and mind, and logic, and will have profound implications far beyond.Less
This book is an original examination of attempts to dislodge a cornerstone of modern philosophy: the idea that our thoughts and utterances are representations of slices of reality. Representations that are accurate are usually said to be true, to correspond to the facts—this is the foundation of correspondence theories of truth. A number of prominent philosophers have tried to undermine the idea that propositions, facts, and correspondence can play any useful role in philosophy, and formal arguments have been advanced to demonstrate that, under seemingly uncontroversial conditions, such entities collapse into an undifferentiated unity. The demise of individual facts is meant to herald the dawn of a new era in philosophy, in which debates about scepticism, realism, subjectivity, representational and computational theories of mind, possible worlds, and divergent conceptual schemes that represent reality in different ways to different persons, periods, or cultures evaporate through lack of subject matter. By carefully untangling a host of intersecting metaphysical, epistemological, semantic, and logical issues, and providing original analyses of key aspects of the work of Donald Davidson, Gottlob Frege, Bertrand Russell, and Kurt Gödel (to each of whom a chapter is dedicated), Stephen Neale demonstrates that arguments for the collapse of facts are considerably more complex and interesting than ever imagined. A number of deep semantic facts emerge along with a powerful proof: while it is technically possible to avoid the collapse of facts, rescue the idea of representations of reality, and thereby face anew the problems raised by the sceptic or the relativist, doing so requires making some tough semantic decisions about predicates and descriptions. It is simply impossible, Neale shows, to invoke representations, facts, states, or propositions without making hard choices—choices that may send many philosophers scurrying back to the drawing board. The book will be crucial to future work in metaphysics, the philosophy of language and mind, and logic, and will have profound implications far beyond.
Martin Puchner
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199730322
- eISBN:
- 9780199852796
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199730322.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Drama
The influence of Plato on modern philosophy is immense. Through his dramatic writing, he is a constant reminder of the tangible, the personal, and the concrete. This chapter advocates a way of ...
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The influence of Plato on modern philosophy is immense. Through his dramatic writing, he is a constant reminder of the tangible, the personal, and the concrete. This chapter advocates a way of rethinking Plato in modern times through a discussion of contemporary Platonism. This objective is attained by presenting a number of contemporary philosophers who are self-declared Platonists. This chapter discusses in detail three Platonists that were inclined towards dramatic Platonism: Iris Murdoch and her critique of language philosophy and relativism, Martha Nussbaum and her program that accords intelligence to emotions and envisions the work of emotions as some kind of Platonist ascent, and Alain Badiou and his approach to dramatic Platonism with continental philosophy.Less
The influence of Plato on modern philosophy is immense. Through his dramatic writing, he is a constant reminder of the tangible, the personal, and the concrete. This chapter advocates a way of rethinking Plato in modern times through a discussion of contemporary Platonism. This objective is attained by presenting a number of contemporary philosophers who are self-declared Platonists. This chapter discusses in detail three Platonists that were inclined towards dramatic Platonism: Iris Murdoch and her critique of language philosophy and relativism, Martha Nussbaum and her program that accords intelligence to emotions and envisions the work of emotions as some kind of Platonist ascent, and Alain Badiou and his approach to dramatic Platonism with continental philosophy.
John Casey
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198240037
- eISBN:
- 9780191680069
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198240037.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter argues that the classical virtues of courage, temperance, practical wisdom, and justice, which are largely ignored in modern moral philosophy, centrally define the good for Man. The ...
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This chapter argues that the classical virtues of courage, temperance, practical wisdom, and justice, which are largely ignored in modern moral philosophy, centrally define the good for Man. The values of success, pride, and worldliness remain an alive, if insufficiently acknowledged, part of our moral thinking. The conflict between these values and our equally important Christian inheritance leads to tensions and contradictions in our understanding of the moral life.Less
This chapter argues that the classical virtues of courage, temperance, practical wisdom, and justice, which are largely ignored in modern moral philosophy, centrally define the good for Man. The values of success, pride, and worldliness remain an alive, if insufficiently acknowledged, part of our moral thinking. The conflict between these values and our equally important Christian inheritance leads to tensions and contradictions in our understanding of the moral life.
Karl Ameriks
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- February 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195133059
- eISBN:
- 9780199786169
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195133056.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Science
This paper sets Kant in the broader context of modern philosophy as a whole by suggesting that Kant not be understood primarily as attempting to i) defeat skepticism, ii) promote “scientism”, or iii) ...
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This paper sets Kant in the broader context of modern philosophy as a whole by suggesting that Kant not be understood primarily as attempting to i) defeat skepticism, ii) promote “scientism”, or iii) develop a radically new ontology. It suggests that Kant’s philosophy aims to take the claims of common sense at face value and then attempts to mediate between such claims and the apparently conflicting claims of science. Accordingly, philosophy is a systematic articulation of the sphere of conceptual frameworks that mediate between the extremely informal and the highly formal levels of judgment within our complex objective picture of the world. Thus, for Kant, philosophy lies in between common sense and science by attempting to mediate between them.Less
This paper sets Kant in the broader context of modern philosophy as a whole by suggesting that Kant not be understood primarily as attempting to i) defeat skepticism, ii) promote “scientism”, or iii) develop a radically new ontology. It suggests that Kant’s philosophy aims to take the claims of common sense at face value and then attempts to mediate between such claims and the apparently conflicting claims of science. Accordingly, philosophy is a systematic articulation of the sphere of conceptual frameworks that mediate between the extremely informal and the highly formal levels of judgment within our complex objective picture of the world. Thus, for Kant, philosophy lies in between common sense and science by attempting to mediate between them.
Benjamin Hill
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199583645
- eISBN:
- 9780191738456
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583645.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This introduction argues for the importance of Suárez’s philosophy for historians of medieval philosophy as well as historians of early modern philosophy. It also provides synopses of each of the ...
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This introduction argues for the importance of Suárez’s philosophy for historians of medieval philosophy as well as historians of early modern philosophy. It also provides synopses of each of the essays in the volume and a brief biography of Suárez, placing his life and works into some historical context.Less
This introduction argues for the importance of Suárez’s philosophy for historians of medieval philosophy as well as historians of early modern philosophy. It also provides synopses of each of the essays in the volume and a brief biography of Suárez, placing his life and works into some historical context.
Steven Nadler
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199247073
- eISBN:
- 9780191598074
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199247072.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This is a study of the reasons behind Spinoza's excommunication from the Portuguese–Jewish community of Amsterdam in 1656. The central question in the book is how and why did the issue of the ...
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This is a study of the reasons behind Spinoza's excommunication from the Portuguese–Jewish community of Amsterdam in 1656. The central question in the book is how and why did the issue of the immortality of the soul play a role in the decision to excommunicate Spinoza. The work begins with a discussion of the nature of cherem or banning within Judaism, and in the Amsterdam community, in particular, as well as of a number of possible explanations for Spinoza's ban. It then turns to the variety of traditions in Jewish religious and philosophical thought on the post‐mortem fate of the soul and the after life. This is followed by an examination of Spinoza's own views on the eternity of the mind in the Ethics and the role that the denial of personal immortality plays in his overall philosophical and political project. Part of the book's argument is that Spinoza's views were not only an outgrowth of his own metaphysical principles, but also a culmination of an intellectualist trend in medieval Jewish rationalism (especially Maimonides and Gersonides).Less
This is a study of the reasons behind Spinoza's excommunication from the Portuguese–Jewish community of Amsterdam in 1656. The central question in the book is how and why did the issue of the immortality of the soul play a role in the decision to excommunicate Spinoza. The work begins with a discussion of the nature of cherem or banning within Judaism, and in the Amsterdam community, in particular, as well as of a number of possible explanations for Spinoza's ban. It then turns to the variety of traditions in Jewish religious and philosophical thought on the post‐mortem fate of the soul and the after life. This is followed by an examination of Spinoza's own views on the eternity of the mind in the Ethics and the role that the denial of personal immortality plays in his overall philosophical and political project. Part of the book's argument is that Spinoza's views were not only an outgrowth of his own metaphysical principles, but also a culmination of an intellectualist trend in medieval Jewish rationalism (especially Maimonides and Gersonides).
S. J. Heyworth (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199218035
- eISBN:
- 9780191711534
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199218035.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book comprises a collection of chapters on Latin literature by a number of distinguished classicists, produced in memory of Don Fowler, who died in 1999 at the age of forty-six. The authors of ...
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This book comprises a collection of chapters on Latin literature by a number of distinguished classicists, produced in memory of Don Fowler, who died in 1999 at the age of forty-six. The authors of the chapters were all inspired by the desire to commemorate a beloved colleague and friend. The chapters, including that by Don Fowler himself, are much concerned with the reception of the classical world, extending into the realms of modern philosophy, art history, and cultural studies. There are fundamental studies of Horace’s style and Ovid’s exile. The book is unusual in the informality of the style of a number of pieces, and the openness with which the contributors have reminisced about Fowler and reflected on his early death.Less
This book comprises a collection of chapters on Latin literature by a number of distinguished classicists, produced in memory of Don Fowler, who died in 1999 at the age of forty-six. The authors of the chapters were all inspired by the desire to commemorate a beloved colleague and friend. The chapters, including that by Don Fowler himself, are much concerned with the reception of the classical world, extending into the realms of modern philosophy, art history, and cultural studies. There are fundamental studies of Horace’s style and Ovid’s exile. The book is unusual in the informality of the style of a number of pieces, and the openness with which the contributors have reminisced about Fowler and reflected on his early death.
Frederick C. Beiser
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691163093
- eISBN:
- 9781400852536
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691163093.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
Histories of German philosophy in the nineteenth century typically focus on its first half—when Hegel, idealism, and Romanticism dominated. By contrast, the remainder of the century, after Hegel's ...
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Histories of German philosophy in the nineteenth century typically focus on its first half—when Hegel, idealism, and Romanticism dominated. By contrast, the remainder of the century, after Hegel's death, has been relatively neglected because it has been seen as a period of stagnation and decline. This book argues that the second half of the century was in fact one of the most revolutionary periods in modern philosophy because the nature of philosophy itself was up for grabs and the very absence of certainty led to creativity and the start of a new era. This innovative concise history of German philosophy, from 1840 to 1900, focuses not on themes or individual thinkers but rather on the period's five great debates: the identity crisis of philosophy, the materialism controversy, the methods and limits of history, the pessimism controversy, and the Ignorabimusstreit. Schopenhauer and Wilhelm Dilthey play important roles in these controversies but so do many neglected figures, including Ludwig Büchner, Eugen Dühring, Eduard von Hartmann, Julius Fraunstaedt, Hermann Lotze, Adolf Trendelenburg, and two women, Agnes Taubert and Olga Pluemacher, who have been completely forgotten in histories of philosophy. The result is a wide-ranging, original, and surprising new account of German philosophy in the critical period between Hegel and the twentieth century.Less
Histories of German philosophy in the nineteenth century typically focus on its first half—when Hegel, idealism, and Romanticism dominated. By contrast, the remainder of the century, after Hegel's death, has been relatively neglected because it has been seen as a period of stagnation and decline. This book argues that the second half of the century was in fact one of the most revolutionary periods in modern philosophy because the nature of philosophy itself was up for grabs and the very absence of certainty led to creativity and the start of a new era. This innovative concise history of German philosophy, from 1840 to 1900, focuses not on themes or individual thinkers but rather on the period's five great debates: the identity crisis of philosophy, the materialism controversy, the methods and limits of history, the pessimism controversy, and the Ignorabimusstreit. Schopenhauer and Wilhelm Dilthey play important roles in these controversies but so do many neglected figures, including Ludwig Büchner, Eugen Dühring, Eduard von Hartmann, Julius Fraunstaedt, Hermann Lotze, Adolf Trendelenburg, and two women, Agnes Taubert and Olga Pluemacher, who have been completely forgotten in histories of philosophy. The result is a wide-ranging, original, and surprising new account of German philosophy in the critical period between Hegel and the twentieth century.
Martin Pickavé and Lisa Shapiro (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199579914
- eISBN:
- 9780191745959
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199579914.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This volume has three aims. First, historians of philosophy have typically focused on the discussions of the moral relevance of emotions, and with the exception of scholars of ancient philosophy, ...
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This volume has three aims. First, historians of philosophy have typically focused on the discussions of the moral relevance of emotions, and with the exception of scholars of ancient philosophy, neglected the place of emotions in cognitive life. This collection of articles refocuses the discussion of emotion in the medieval and early modern periods to their role in cognition. Second, though many have aimed to clarify relationship between the later thinkers and their predecessors with regard to issues in metaphysics and epistemology, there has been very little effort at tracing similar lines of thought about emotion. As a whole, the contributions to this volume serve to begin a discussion about the continuities between medieval and early modern thinking about the emotions. In this regard, there is also a discussion of the emotions of cognitive life of the Renaissance. Though we get only a snapshot of a period of philosophical work often passed over, even this snapshot invites questions about how to weave an intellectual history about accounts of our emotions in our cognitive lives. Finally, attention to the concerns that engage philosophers of the medieval, renaissance and early modern periods can inform the contemporary debate regarding the relationship between emotions, cognition, and reason. The thirteen contributions explore this from the point of view of four key themes: the situation of emotions within the human mind; the intentionality of emotions and their role in cognition; emotions and action; the role of emotion in self-understanding and the social situation of individuals.Less
This volume has three aims. First, historians of philosophy have typically focused on the discussions of the moral relevance of emotions, and with the exception of scholars of ancient philosophy, neglected the place of emotions in cognitive life. This collection of articles refocuses the discussion of emotion in the medieval and early modern periods to their role in cognition. Second, though many have aimed to clarify relationship between the later thinkers and their predecessors with regard to issues in metaphysics and epistemology, there has been very little effort at tracing similar lines of thought about emotion. As a whole, the contributions to this volume serve to begin a discussion about the continuities between medieval and early modern thinking about the emotions. In this regard, there is also a discussion of the emotions of cognitive life of the Renaissance. Though we get only a snapshot of a period of philosophical work often passed over, even this snapshot invites questions about how to weave an intellectual history about accounts of our emotions in our cognitive lives. Finally, attention to the concerns that engage philosophers of the medieval, renaissance and early modern periods can inform the contemporary debate regarding the relationship between emotions, cognition, and reason. The thirteen contributions explore this from the point of view of four key themes: the situation of emotions within the human mind; the intentionality of emotions and their role in cognition; emotions and action; the role of emotion in self-understanding and the social situation of individuals.
Roger Ariew
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199583645
- eISBN:
- 9780191738456
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583645.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This essay explores the reception and used of Suárez’s philosophy by two canonical early modern philosophers, René Descartes and Gottfried Leibniz. It is argued that Descartes’ theory of distinctions ...
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This essay explores the reception and used of Suárez’s philosophy by two canonical early modern philosophers, René Descartes and Gottfried Leibniz. It is argued that Descartes’ theory of distinctions does not betray any indications of being Suárezian, despite many claims to the contrary. Leibniz, however, was a very different reader of Suárez’s works, it is argued, and his thinking about individuation was clearly influenced by Suárez even if he did not adopt the Suárezian position in the endLess
This essay explores the reception and used of Suárez’s philosophy by two canonical early modern philosophers, René Descartes and Gottfried Leibniz. It is argued that Descartes’ theory of distinctions does not betray any indications of being Suárezian, despite many claims to the contrary. Leibniz, however, was a very different reader of Suárez’s works, it is argued, and his thinking about individuation was clearly influenced by Suárez even if he did not adopt the Suárezian position in the end
Terence Irwin
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198242673
- eISBN:
- 9780191680519
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198242673.003.0029
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, History of Philosophy
Modern moral philosophy developed especially in England, Scotland, and Germany, in areas where the Reformation was widely accepted, in its Lutheran, or ...
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Modern moral philosophy developed especially in England, Scotland, and Germany, in areas where the Reformation was widely accepted, in its Lutheran, or Calvinist, or Anglican forms. Since mediaeval moral philosophers were also theologians, expounding the doctrines and practices of the mediaeval Latin Church, and since the Reformers rejected some of these doctrines and practices, it is worth considering whether the religious and theological disputes connected with the Reformation affect prevalent attitudes to mediaeval moral philosophy. Martin Luther and John Calvin assert that the Scholastics are mistaken in their views about the acquired moral virtues and their relation to the moral demands of the Christian faith. These Scholastic errors are connected to errors about free will. The Reformers oppose these errors through their distinctive doctrines of predestination, election, grace, and faith. Though the Reformers attack Scholasticism, it is not always easy to see what these attacks imply about Thomas Aquinas. Thus, the chapter compares the views of the Reformers with Aquinas' actual position, not simply with the Scholastic position as they interpret it.Less
Modern moral philosophy developed especially in England, Scotland, and Germany, in areas where the Reformation was widely accepted, in its Lutheran, or Calvinist, or Anglican forms. Since mediaeval moral philosophers were also theologians, expounding the doctrines and practices of the mediaeval Latin Church, and since the Reformers rejected some of these doctrines and practices, it is worth considering whether the religious and theological disputes connected with the Reformation affect prevalent attitudes to mediaeval moral philosophy. Martin Luther and John Calvin assert that the Scholastics are mistaken in their views about the acquired moral virtues and their relation to the moral demands of the Christian faith. These Scholastic errors are connected to errors about free will. The Reformers oppose these errors through their distinctive doctrines of predestination, election, grace, and faith. Though the Reformers attack Scholasticism, it is not always easy to see what these attacks imply about Thomas Aquinas. Thus, the chapter compares the views of the Reformers with Aquinas' actual position, not simply with the Scholastic position as they interpret it.
Edward Craig
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198236825
- eISBN:
- 9780191597244
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198236824.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
The overall aim of this book is to examine the relation between philosophy studied as a specialized academic discipline and ‘philosophies’, general visions of man and reality that provide guidance in ...
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The overall aim of this book is to examine the relation between philosophy studied as a specialized academic discipline and ‘philosophies’, general visions of man and reality that provide guidance in thought and behaviour, and form the background for any specific philosophical enquiry. Philosophical thought has always had the function of articulating such very general pictures of the real. To forget this, Craig argues, leads to a serious distortion of the writings and concerns of great philosophers of the past, and also to trivial philosophy.Two important consequences of looking at philosophy in this way are, first, an increased sympathy for the idea that philosophy can occur in a variety of media, for example literature, and second, a greater appreciation of the historically variable factors in philosophy, including our own.The more specific aim of the book is to identify, by means of a broad survey of four centuries of philosophical thought, two visions of man and reality that have been dominant in the history of modern philosophy. In chapter 1, Craig is concerned with the dominant philosophy of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, arguing that the central metaphysical vision was the ‘Image of God’ doctrine, or ‘Similarity Thesis’: the view that man was made in God’s image.In chapter 5, Craig portrays the very different ‘Agency Theory’, or ‘Practice Ideal’, that rose to prominence during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: the view that human beings are autonomous creators of their environment and values.Chapter 3 discusses the metaphysic of the Romantic Era, revealing it to be a bridge period, in which the chief characteristics of the previous and following centuries were for a time closely united.In chapters 2, 4, and 6 the attempt is made to show how selected philosophical texts are illuminated when read against the background of the dominant metaphysics of their time. Chapter 2 focusses on Hume, chapter 4 on Hegel, while chapter 6 turns to philosophical doctrines of the twentieth century.Less
The overall aim of this book is to examine the relation between philosophy studied as a specialized academic discipline and ‘philosophies’, general visions of man and reality that provide guidance in thought and behaviour, and form the background for any specific philosophical enquiry. Philosophical thought has always had the function of articulating such very general pictures of the real. To forget this, Craig argues, leads to a serious distortion of the writings and concerns of great philosophers of the past, and also to trivial philosophy.
Two important consequences of looking at philosophy in this way are, first, an increased sympathy for the idea that philosophy can occur in a variety of media, for example literature, and second, a greater appreciation of the historically variable factors in philosophy, including our own.
The more specific aim of the book is to identify, by means of a broad survey of four centuries of philosophical thought, two visions of man and reality that have been dominant in the history of modern philosophy. In chapter 1, Craig is concerned with the dominant philosophy of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, arguing that the central metaphysical vision was the ‘Image of God’ doctrine, or ‘Similarity Thesis’: the view that man was made in God’s image.
In chapter 5, Craig portrays the very different ‘Agency Theory’, or ‘Practice Ideal’, that rose to prominence during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: the view that human beings are autonomous creators of their environment and values.
Chapter 3 discusses the metaphysic of the Romantic Era, revealing it to be a bridge period, in which the chief characteristics of the previous and following centuries were for a time closely united.
In chapters 2, 4, and 6 the attempt is made to show how selected philosophical texts are illuminated when read against the background of the dominant metaphysics of their time. Chapter 2 focusses on Hume, chapter 4 on Hegel, while chapter 6 turns to philosophical doctrines of the twentieth century.
Tongdong Bai
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691195995
- eISBN:
- 9780691197463
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691195995.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter argues that early Confucians were revolutionaries with a conservative facade. According to this “progressive” reading, they tried to solve issues of modernity not by rejecting modernity ...
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This chapter argues that early Confucians were revolutionaries with a conservative facade. According to this “progressive” reading, they tried to solve issues of modernity not by rejecting modernity but by embracing it, although some of their locutions seem to resonate with those widely used in the “good old days,” and they were not as resolute as thinkers from some other schools. Moreover, not accepting early Confucianism as a moral metaphysics, the chapter also rejects the reading that early Confucians tried to solve political issues by improving on people’s morals alone. Rather, the premise of its reading is that they apprehended the political concerns as primary and the ethical ones as secondary, a byproduct of their political concerns. They were concerned with reconstructing a political order and were thus open to the idea of institutional design, even though they themselves did not discuss it in detail. To take a continuous reading of early Confucianism by asking about which political institutions they would have in mind, especially in today’s political reality, would not be alien to Confucianism.Less
This chapter argues that early Confucians were revolutionaries with a conservative facade. According to this “progressive” reading, they tried to solve issues of modernity not by rejecting modernity but by embracing it, although some of their locutions seem to resonate with those widely used in the “good old days,” and they were not as resolute as thinkers from some other schools. Moreover, not accepting early Confucianism as a moral metaphysics, the chapter also rejects the reading that early Confucians tried to solve political issues by improving on people’s morals alone. Rather, the premise of its reading is that they apprehended the political concerns as primary and the ethical ones as secondary, a byproduct of their political concerns. They were concerned with reconstructing a political order and were thus open to the idea of institutional design, even though they themselves did not discuss it in detail. To take a continuous reading of early Confucianism by asking about which political institutions they would have in mind, especially in today’s political reality, would not be alien to Confucianism.
Steven Nadler
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226457635
- eISBN:
- 9780226627878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226627878.003.0014
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter first considers the familiarity with — and, to some degree, the influence of — Maimonides by central early modern philosophers: Malebranche, Bayle, Leibniz, and Newton, and especially ...
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This chapter first considers the familiarity with — and, to some degree, the influence of — Maimonides by central early modern philosophers: Malebranche, Bayle, Leibniz, and Newton, and especially Spinoza. The author concludes that Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed (as well as parts of his Mishneh Torah) was read and known by many of them, although it is difficult to discern significant influence or impact on (as opposed to parallels with) any of them with the one major exception of Spinoza. After discussing Maimonides’ influence, positive and negative, on Spinoza, the chapter then looks at the role that scholarship on Maimonides has or has not played in recent Spinoza scholarship. Finally, the author briefly examines the influence that Shlomo Pines’s translation of the Guide of the Perplexed in particular may have had on Spinoza scholarship since its publication.Less
This chapter first considers the familiarity with — and, to some degree, the influence of — Maimonides by central early modern philosophers: Malebranche, Bayle, Leibniz, and Newton, and especially Spinoza. The author concludes that Maimonides’ Guide of the Perplexed (as well as parts of his Mishneh Torah) was read and known by many of them, although it is difficult to discern significant influence or impact on (as opposed to parallels with) any of them with the one major exception of Spinoza. After discussing Maimonides’ influence, positive and negative, on Spinoza, the chapter then looks at the role that scholarship on Maimonides has or has not played in recent Spinoza scholarship. Finally, the author briefly examines the influence that Shlomo Pines’s translation of the Guide of the Perplexed in particular may have had on Spinoza scholarship since its publication.
