Sarbani Basu and William J. Chaplin
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691162928
- eISBN:
- 9781400888207
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691162928.003.0006
- Subject:
- Physics, Particle Physics / Astrophysics / Cosmology
This chapter is an analysis of the frequency-power spectrum. It first discusses the probabilistic methods for detecting signatures of individual modes in the spectrum, including schemes that ...
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This chapter is an analysis of the frequency-power spectrum. It first discusses the probabilistic methods for detecting signatures of individual modes in the spectrum, including schemes that incorporate a Bayesian framework for the analysis. The chapter then turns to the automated detection of the ensemble signatures of the oscillations. Next, this chapter considers the detailed peak-bagging analysis, where a multiparameter model is fitted to the spectrum to provide robust estimates of parameters of the individual modes. It introduces the fundamentals, discusses the practical implementation and challenges, and finally considers the additional challenges posed by subgiants and red giants showing mixed modes.Less
This chapter is an analysis of the frequency-power spectrum. It first discusses the probabilistic methods for detecting signatures of individual modes in the spectrum, including schemes that incorporate a Bayesian framework for the analysis. The chapter then turns to the automated detection of the ensemble signatures of the oscillations. Next, this chapter considers the detailed peak-bagging analysis, where a multiparameter model is fitted to the spectrum to provide robust estimates of parameters of the individual modes. It introduces the fundamentals, discusses the practical implementation and challenges, and finally considers the additional challenges posed by subgiants and red giants showing mixed modes.
Alnoor Bhimani
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- August 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199260386
- eISBN:
- 9780191601231
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199260389.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics
This chapter discusses the importance of accounting information networks (AINs). More and more firms have refocused and vertically disaggregated, relying on small units which can involve both ...
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This chapter discusses the importance of accounting information networks (AINs). More and more firms have refocused and vertically disaggregated, relying on small units which can involve both internal (within firm) and external (between firms) networks. The stability of such mixed mode structures requires the design of either AINs with a high degree of centrality or distributed AINs.Less
This chapter discusses the importance of accounting information networks (AINs). More and more firms have refocused and vertically disaggregated, relying on small units which can involve both internal (within firm) and external (between firms) networks. The stability of such mixed mode structures requires the design of either AINs with a high degree of centrality or distributed AINs.
Matthew Stuart
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199645114
- eISBN:
- 9780191760914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199645114.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
This chapter explores the fundamental categories of Locke's ontology. It argues that these are substance and mode. He conceives of substances as ontologically independent things or stuffs. His ...
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This chapter explores the fundamental categories of Locke's ontology. It argues that these are substance and mode. He conceives of substances as ontologically independent things or stuffs. His notion of mode is non-standard, including events as well as features of substances. When the idea of a feature contains different kinds of ideas as parts, Locke calls this the idea of a mixed mode. He sometimes seems to deny the reality of mixed modes, but this chapter makes the case that he does not really mean to do so. However, it does argue that he means to deny the existence of relations.Less
This chapter explores the fundamental categories of Locke's ontology. It argues that these are substance and mode. He conceives of substances as ontologically independent things or stuffs. His notion of mode is non-standard, including events as well as features of substances. When the idea of a feature contains different kinds of ideas as parts, Locke calls this the idea of a mixed mode. He sometimes seems to deny the reality of mixed modes, but this chapter makes the case that he does not really mean to do so. However, it does argue that he means to deny the existence of relations.
Roger Tourangeau, Frederick G. Conrad, and Mick P. Couper
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199747047
- eISBN:
- 9780199345069
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199747047.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
In addition to reviewing the main findings and themes of the book, the final chapter grapples with a central issue in the design of mixed-mode surveys. Should researchers try to minimize differences ...
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In addition to reviewing the main findings and themes of the book, the final chapter grapples with a central issue in the design of mixed-mode surveys. Should researchers try to minimize differences across modes by avoiding mode-dependent features or should they try to take advantage of the strengths of each mode? These two approaches are sometimes called the unimodeand the best practicesapproaches, respectively. The chapter presents a mathematical model for mode effects. The model implies that when the purpose of the survey is to produce point estimates, particularly of factual phenomena, the best practices approach is generally most appropriate; however, when the point of the survey is to make comparisons across groups, especially for subjective phenomena, the unimode approach is generally the most appropriate. Finally, the chapter presents a list of recommendations for practice derived from the empirical findings discussed in the book.Less
In addition to reviewing the main findings and themes of the book, the final chapter grapples with a central issue in the design of mixed-mode surveys. Should researchers try to minimize differences across modes by avoiding mode-dependent features or should they try to take advantage of the strengths of each mode? These two approaches are sometimes called the unimodeand the best practicesapproaches, respectively. The chapter presents a mathematical model for mode effects. The model implies that when the purpose of the survey is to produce point estimates, particularly of factual phenomena, the best practices approach is generally most appropriate; however, when the point of the survey is to make comparisons across groups, especially for subjective phenomena, the unimode approach is generally the most appropriate. Finally, the chapter presents a list of recommendations for practice derived from the empirical findings discussed in the book.
Roger Tourangeau, Frederick G. Conrad, and Mick P. Couper
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199747047
- eISBN:
- 9780199345069
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199747047.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This book provides a thorough review of the authors’ own research and other empirical evidence on Web surveys, taking a total survey error perspective. That perspective distinguishes several major ...
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This book provides a thorough review of the authors’ own research and other empirical evidence on Web surveys, taking a total survey error perspective. That perspective distinguishes several major sources of error in survey estimates, including sampling and coverage, nonresponse, and measurement issues. Because Web surveys are often used in combination with more traditional modes of data collection, the book also provides a model of the errors arising from mixed mode surveys. In its discussion of sampling and coverage, the book assesses the effectiveness of statistical procedures designed to remove selection and coverage biases from Web survey estimates. Several chapters are devoted to the measurement properties of Web surveys, examining basic design issues in Web surveys, the impact of the Web’s character as primarily a visual medium, the ability of Web surveys to permit interaction with the respondents, and the Web as a method for self-administering sensitive survey questions. An overall theme of the book is that Web surveys often offer relatively poor representation of the general population (sampling is difficult, coverage is imperfect, and response rates are often low), but relatively accurate measurement (allowing feedback to respondents and providing the benefits of self-administration). Although the book’s aims are primarily scientific, it does offer practical guidance to researchers where the evidence seems to support clear recommendations.Less
This book provides a thorough review of the authors’ own research and other empirical evidence on Web surveys, taking a total survey error perspective. That perspective distinguishes several major sources of error in survey estimates, including sampling and coverage, nonresponse, and measurement issues. Because Web surveys are often used in combination with more traditional modes of data collection, the book also provides a model of the errors arising from mixed mode surveys. In its discussion of sampling and coverage, the book assesses the effectiveness of statistical procedures designed to remove selection and coverage biases from Web survey estimates. Several chapters are devoted to the measurement properties of Web surveys, examining basic design issues in Web surveys, the impact of the Web’s character as primarily a visual medium, the ability of Web surveys to permit interaction with the respondents, and the Web as a method for self-administering sensitive survey questions. An overall theme of the book is that Web surveys often offer relatively poor representation of the general population (sampling is difficult, coverage is imperfect, and response rates are often low), but relatively accurate measurement (allowing feedback to respondents and providing the benefits of self-administration). Although the book’s aims are primarily scientific, it does offer practical guidance to researchers where the evidence seems to support clear recommendations.
Georges Dicker
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190662196
- eISBN:
- 9780190662233
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190662196.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter discusses complex ideas, concentrating on those Locke calls modes, arguing for a non-idealist interpretation of those he calls relations, and introducing the one he calls substance. It ...
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This chapter discusses complex ideas, concentrating on those Locke calls modes, arguing for a non-idealist interpretation of those he calls relations, and introducing the one he calls substance. It analyzes the simple modes—space, time, and number—by untangling Locke’s language, which leaves unclear whether they are modes of the simple idea from which they are constructed (e.g., making 117 mode of 1) or of a general idea under which they fall (e.g., making 117 a mode of “number”), and by addressing questions about the simplicity of the ideas from which they are constructed and about the simple modes’ infinity. It contrasts them with mixed modes and discusses the latter’s construction. The chapter defends James Gibson’s view that for ideas of reflection, the relation between mode and simple idea isn’t that of whole to part, but of a universal to its determinations (e.g., making “remembrance” a mode of “perception, or thinking”).Less
This chapter discusses complex ideas, concentrating on those Locke calls modes, arguing for a non-idealist interpretation of those he calls relations, and introducing the one he calls substance. It analyzes the simple modes—space, time, and number—by untangling Locke’s language, which leaves unclear whether they are modes of the simple idea from which they are constructed (e.g., making 117 mode of 1) or of a general idea under which they fall (e.g., making 117 a mode of “number”), and by addressing questions about the simplicity of the ideas from which they are constructed and about the simple modes’ infinity. It contrasts them with mixed modes and discusses the latter’s construction. The chapter defends James Gibson’s view that for ideas of reflection, the relation between mode and simple idea isn’t that of whole to part, but of a universal to its determinations (e.g., making “remembrance” a mode of “perception, or thinking”).
Philip Gerrans
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780262027557
- eISBN:
- 9780262320979
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262027557.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This chapter examines the default mode network (DMN) and its role in delusion. It considers the nature of default processing, its neural substrate, cognitive properties, and role in the cognitive ...
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This chapter examines the default mode network (DMN) and its role in delusion. It considers the nature of default processing, its neural substrate, cognitive properties, and role in the cognitive hierarchy. It explains how the DMN evolved to produce narrative fragments that enable mental time travel: the simulation of episodes of a subject's life to enable planning, deliberation, and reflection. The representations produced by the default system are essentially indexical: they provide a first-person perspective on information in virtue of their dependence on circuitry involved in motivational and emotional processes. It also discusses decontextualized processing and how it supervises default processing, allowing subjective narratives to be revised to fit reality. It shows that, in a delusional mind, this level of supervision is unavailable or compromised, leaving the subject at the mercy of his/her default system. Finally, the chapter explores delusion as a “mixed mode” of the DMN, along with the correlation between the first-person perspective and decontextualization.Less
This chapter examines the default mode network (DMN) and its role in delusion. It considers the nature of default processing, its neural substrate, cognitive properties, and role in the cognitive hierarchy. It explains how the DMN evolved to produce narrative fragments that enable mental time travel: the simulation of episodes of a subject's life to enable planning, deliberation, and reflection. The representations produced by the default system are essentially indexical: they provide a first-person perspective on information in virtue of their dependence on circuitry involved in motivational and emotional processes. It also discusses decontextualized processing and how it supervises default processing, allowing subjective narratives to be revised to fit reality. It shows that, in a delusional mind, this level of supervision is unavailable or compromised, leaving the subject at the mercy of his/her default system. Finally, the chapter explores delusion as a “mixed mode” of the DMN, along with the correlation between the first-person perspective and decontextualization.
