Jennifer Mori
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719082726
- eISBN:
- 9781781702703
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719082726.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
According to the body language of royal etiquette, gestures constituted concessions of status and, since they were public, could affect the standing of monarchs in the estimation of the international ...
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According to the body language of royal etiquette, gestures constituted concessions of status and, since they were public, could affect the standing of monarchs in the estimation of the international community. The corporate identity of the corps was defined by the perceived rights, privileges and immunities of the ritual, many of which were encoded in the rules, both national and international, of the trade. The corps had a hierarchy of its own, in which diplomats of the first-rank powers took precedence over representatives of the second-rank courts. Two benches had been designated for the diplomats, one for ambassadors and the other behind it for ministers plenipotentiary. Etiquette did more than break the metaphorical ice between hostile powers. It also created a forum where the inherent competition of international relations was kept in check by common rules of civility.Less
According to the body language of royal etiquette, gestures constituted concessions of status and, since they were public, could affect the standing of monarchs in the estimation of the international community. The corporate identity of the corps was defined by the perceived rights, privileges and immunities of the ritual, many of which were encoded in the rules, both national and international, of the trade. The corps had a hierarchy of its own, in which diplomats of the first-rank powers took precedence over representatives of the second-rank courts. Two benches had been designated for the diplomats, one for ambassadors and the other behind it for ministers plenipotentiary. Etiquette did more than break the metaphorical ice between hostile powers. It also created a forum where the inherent competition of international relations was kept in check by common rules of civility.
Carla J. Mulford
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- June 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199384198
- eISBN:
- 9780199384211
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199384198.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 18th Century and Early American Literature
This chapter treats the years of the Revolution against Great Britain and Franklin’s diplomacy in France. Although he was advanced in age and facing uncertain health, Franklin worked tirelessly to ...
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This chapter treats the years of the Revolution against Great Britain and Franklin’s diplomacy in France. Although he was advanced in age and facing uncertain health, Franklin worked tirelessly to secure the Revolution. He became a much-consulted strategist for many of the decisions made by Congress. Highlights of Franklin’s activities include his propaganda writing; his work in Congress, especially serving the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence; his crucial role in diplomatic relations between France and British North America during and after the American Revolution; and his work to secure the Peace of Paris of 1783. As part of the treaty negotiations, Franklin was seeking reparations for Americans whose property was destroyed during the war. He was also working hard to assist Americans taken prisoner of war and held—in deplorable conditions—in prisons in Britain.Less
This chapter treats the years of the Revolution against Great Britain and Franklin’s diplomacy in France. Although he was advanced in age and facing uncertain health, Franklin worked tirelessly to secure the Revolution. He became a much-consulted strategist for many of the decisions made by Congress. Highlights of Franklin’s activities include his propaganda writing; his work in Congress, especially serving the committee that drafted the Declaration of Independence; his crucial role in diplomatic relations between France and British North America during and after the American Revolution; and his work to secure the Peace of Paris of 1783. As part of the treaty negotiations, Franklin was seeking reparations for Americans whose property was destroyed during the war. He was also working hard to assist Americans taken prisoner of war and held—in deplorable conditions—in prisons in Britain.