Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter discusses the social and political components of the urban process and how they affect urbanization and life in metropolitan areas. It presents facts and figures on how affluence, ...
More
This chapter discusses the social and political components of the urban process and how they affect urbanization and life in metropolitan areas. It presents facts and figures on how affluence, poverty, citizenship, and democracy affect the lifestyle in large metropolitan areas. Because of these, social stratifications and spatial segregation emerge. These patterns of social life are explained in the chapter.Less
This chapter discusses the social and political components of the urban process and how they affect urbanization and life in metropolitan areas. It presents facts and figures on how affluence, poverty, citizenship, and democracy affect the lifestyle in large metropolitan areas. Because of these, social stratifications and spatial segregation emerge. These patterns of social life are explained in the chapter.
Robert Wuthnow
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691157207
- eISBN:
- 9781400846498
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691157207.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This afterword argues that small towns are not characteristic of what the United States is really like. Small towns are instead what many people think the United States should be like, and indeed, ...
More
This afterword argues that small towns are not characteristic of what the United States is really like. Small towns are instead what many people think the United States should be like, and indeed, what they would like it to be. Small towns are neighborly and impose high expectations on residents to be involved in the community. There is also no reason to believe that small towns are morally superior to metropolitan areas, or the reverse. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. One promotes neighborliness that sometimes becomes stifling, while the other provides opportunities that sometimes become overwhelming. The chapter suggests that small towns, even though they are changing, have a viable future, describing them as places in which the slow pace and small scale of the past is preserved. They are also communities in which leadership and innovative ideas are poised expectantly toward the future.Less
This afterword argues that small towns are not characteristic of what the United States is really like. Small towns are instead what many people think the United States should be like, and indeed, what they would like it to be. Small towns are neighborly and impose high expectations on residents to be involved in the community. There is also no reason to believe that small towns are morally superior to metropolitan areas, or the reverse. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. One promotes neighborliness that sometimes becomes stifling, while the other provides opportunities that sometimes become overwhelming. The chapter suggests that small towns, even though they are changing, have a viable future, describing them as places in which the slow pace and small scale of the past is preserved. They are also communities in which leadership and innovative ideas are poised expectantly toward the future.
Karen Mossberger, Caroline J. Tolbert, and William Franko
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199812936
- eISBN:
- 9780199979769
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199812936.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
Chapter 5 ranks the nation's fifty largest central cities and suburban areas by the percent of the city population with broadband Internet at home or Internet use at any location. We estimate access ...
More
Chapter 5 ranks the nation's fifty largest central cities and suburban areas by the percent of the city population with broadband Internet at home or Internet use at any location. We estimate access and use in major cities and their suburban areas, as this data has not been systematically available below the state level. Using multilevel statistical models, this chapter compares digital cities on measures that count, including disparities by race and ethnicity. There is a surprising amount of variation across cities, and across suburban regions. Some cities are digital cities and some are not; but even the most advanced cities face challenges for achieving universal access and for realizing the benefits of information technology. By identifying more technologically-inclusive places as well as those lagging behind, public policy can better address digital inequalities.Less
Chapter 5 ranks the nation's fifty largest central cities and suburban areas by the percent of the city population with broadband Internet at home or Internet use at any location. We estimate access and use in major cities and their suburban areas, as this data has not been systematically available below the state level. Using multilevel statistical models, this chapter compares digital cities on measures that count, including disparities by race and ethnicity. There is a surprising amount of variation across cities, and across suburban regions. Some cities are digital cities and some are not; but even the most advanced cities face challenges for achieving universal access and for realizing the benefits of information technology. By identifying more technologically-inclusive places as well as those lagging behind, public policy can better address digital inequalities.
Manuel Castells and Pekka Himanen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199256990
- eISBN:
- 9780191698415
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256990.003.0005
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
This chapter focuses on the spatial dynamics that influences the effectiveness of Finland's information society. The populations in different areas of the country and how these fluctuate over time ...
More
This chapter focuses on the spatial dynamics that influences the effectiveness of Finland's information society. The populations in different areas of the country and how these fluctuate over time are discussed. The second part of the chapter deals with technological aspect in connection with geography, how the information technology businesses are distributed throughout the country and the number of internet providers available in each municipality. Analyses of the statists provided in the chapter points out that the metropolitan areas remain divided and are prioritized according to the divisions of suburbs, periphery, and centre. The numerous challenges that the public sector and policy should address are derived from the analysis of the spatial dynamics of the area. The chapter ends by briefly discussing several initiatives by the government to solve geographical constraints to the citizen's access to information technology.Less
This chapter focuses on the spatial dynamics that influences the effectiveness of Finland's information society. The populations in different areas of the country and how these fluctuate over time are discussed. The second part of the chapter deals with technological aspect in connection with geography, how the information technology businesses are distributed throughout the country and the number of internet providers available in each municipality. Analyses of the statists provided in the chapter points out that the metropolitan areas remain divided and are prioritized according to the divisions of suburbs, periphery, and centre. The numerous challenges that the public sector and policy should address are derived from the analysis of the spatial dynamics of the area. The chapter ends by briefly discussing several initiatives by the government to solve geographical constraints to the citizen's access to information technology.
Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter deals with how modern cities (and large metropolitan areas) have changed over time, how they dealt with urbanization, and the discussion of issues that arose from these changes. It ...
More
This chapter deals with how modern cities (and large metropolitan areas) have changed over time, how they dealt with urbanization, and the discussion of issues that arose from these changes. It discusses the socio-geographic constitution of cities, in which it explains that defining a modern society might be difficult, and might raise controversies, if concrete definitions do not really suggest the way people in metropolitan areas live. It further explores the happenings in the evolution of these areas in the 21st century: emerging new types of economies, globalization, and life and politics in these areas.Less
This chapter deals with how modern cities (and large metropolitan areas) have changed over time, how they dealt with urbanization, and the discussion of issues that arose from these changes. It discusses the socio-geographic constitution of cities, in which it explains that defining a modern society might be difficult, and might raise controversies, if concrete definitions do not really suggest the way people in metropolitan areas live. It further explores the happenings in the evolution of these areas in the 21st century: emerging new types of economies, globalization, and life and politics in these areas.
O.P. Mishra
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198075950
- eISBN:
- 9780199080892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198075950.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter looks at the transition of Delhi from an acropolis to a metropolis. It studies the trend of urbanization and notes that the first indications of urbanization and expansion of Delhi ...
More
This chapter looks at the transition of Delhi from an acropolis to a metropolis. It studies the trend of urbanization and notes that the first indications of urbanization and expansion of Delhi manifested after the 1857 Revolt. This section presents several graphs and tables that summarize the data on the total area size of Delhi, urbanization trend, population growth, and population variation. The discussion then proceeds to the issue of migration, specifically the forced and the normal migration. A description of the Delhi Metropolitan Area in relation to migration is also provided. The latter half of the chapter throws light on the urbanization and changing dimensions of policing. It looks at several important specialized units of the police, including the crime branch, the economic offences wing, the narcotics and crime prevention cell, the VIP security unit, and the traffic police.Less
This chapter looks at the transition of Delhi from an acropolis to a metropolis. It studies the trend of urbanization and notes that the first indications of urbanization and expansion of Delhi manifested after the 1857 Revolt. This section presents several graphs and tables that summarize the data on the total area size of Delhi, urbanization trend, population growth, and population variation. The discussion then proceeds to the issue of migration, specifically the forced and the normal migration. A description of the Delhi Metropolitan Area in relation to migration is also provided. The latter half of the chapter throws light on the urbanization and changing dimensions of policing. It looks at several important specialized units of the police, including the crime branch, the economic offences wing, the narcotics and crime prevention cell, the VIP security unit, and the traffic police.
George Galster, Ronald Mincy, and Mitch Tobin
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300095418
- eISBN:
- 9780300129847
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300095418.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
The economic restructuring of metropolitan areas has had disparate impacts on neighborhoods populated by minority groups. This chapter examines the impacts of the restructuring of the US economy in ...
More
The economic restructuring of metropolitan areas has had disparate impacts on neighborhoods populated by minority groups. This chapter examines the impacts of the restructuring of the US economy in the 1980s and 1990s on metropolitan neighborhoods occupied by African Americans and compares this to white communities. It examines the determinants of changing poverty rates, the role played by economic restructuring, the disparate racial neighborhood impacts, and the causes of such impacts. The analysis shows that economic restructuring caused significant increases in poverty rates in black communities relative to predominant white communities.Less
The economic restructuring of metropolitan areas has had disparate impacts on neighborhoods populated by minority groups. This chapter examines the impacts of the restructuring of the US economy in the 1980s and 1990s on metropolitan neighborhoods occupied by African Americans and compares this to white communities. It examines the determinants of changing poverty rates, the role played by economic restructuring, the disparate racial neighborhood impacts, and the causes of such impacts. The analysis shows that economic restructuring caused significant increases in poverty rates in black communities relative to predominant white communities.
Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter focuses on the internal constitution of cities, specifically on their urban policy and cultural capitalism. It starts by defining what should be taken into consideration in this kind of ...
More
This chapter focuses on the internal constitution of cities, specifically on their urban policy and cultural capitalism. It starts by defining what should be taken into consideration in this kind of investigation. It continues with defining what urban areas are, and what contributions these areas make to defining social life. Urbanization and its impact on economy and society are also discussed. The chapter concentrates on public policy, and how these policies materialize in urban planning and other collective orders. Lastly, it discusses some key issues and other problems faced by implementing such urban policies.Less
This chapter focuses on the internal constitution of cities, specifically on their urban policy and cultural capitalism. It starts by defining what should be taken into consideration in this kind of investigation. It continues with defining what urban areas are, and what contributions these areas make to defining social life. Urbanization and its impact on economy and society are also discussed. The chapter concentrates on public policy, and how these policies materialize in urban planning and other collective orders. Lastly, it discusses some key issues and other problems faced by implementing such urban policies.
Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter discusses in detail cognitive-cultural capitalism, and its impacts on economy and society. It starts by defining what cognitive-cultural capitalism is, and how it has made changes to the ...
More
This chapter discusses in detail cognitive-cultural capitalism, and its impacts on economy and society. It starts by defining what cognitive-cultural capitalism is, and how it has made changes to the contemporary economy and in the traditional white-collar/blue-collar principle of employment. It reveals the impact of changes made (social and physical) by adapting this type of economy in metropolitan areas. It explains the typical life of cognitive-cultural workers in the creative city and beyond.Less
This chapter discusses in detail cognitive-cultural capitalism, and its impacts on economy and society. It starts by defining what cognitive-cultural capitalism is, and how it has made changes to the contemporary economy and in the traditional white-collar/blue-collar principle of employment. It reveals the impact of changes made (social and physical) by adapting this type of economy in metropolitan areas. It explains the typical life of cognitive-cultural workers in the creative city and beyond.
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226626628
- eISBN:
- 9780226626642
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226626642.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
With respect to race and segregation in the United States, there are two incontrovertible facts. First, the country's different racial groups—whites, Asian Americans, African Americans, and ...
More
With respect to race and segregation in the United States, there are two incontrovertible facts. First, the country's different racial groups—whites, Asian Americans, African Americans, and Latinos—are highly segregated from each other. Second, feelings of racial resentment and competition are not exclusive to any one racial group, each of which tends to harbor stereotypes toward the other that are less favorable than perceptions of their own groups. In other words, regardless of one's own ethnic background, race is a key indicator of self-perception and community in the United States. However, it is not clear how these two facts are related. This chapter, which looks at differences in racial attitudes across neighborhoods and metropolitan areas, shows that racial resentment is consistently higher in metropolitan areas that are more racially diverse, particularly among whites and blacks. Racial resentment is consistently lower in more racially diverse neighborhoods, a pattern that is largely similar for all four racial groups. Together, these findings shed new light on the connection between social environments and racial attitudes.Less
With respect to race and segregation in the United States, there are two incontrovertible facts. First, the country's different racial groups—whites, Asian Americans, African Americans, and Latinos—are highly segregated from each other. Second, feelings of racial resentment and competition are not exclusive to any one racial group, each of which tends to harbor stereotypes toward the other that are less favorable than perceptions of their own groups. In other words, regardless of one's own ethnic background, race is a key indicator of self-perception and community in the United States. However, it is not clear how these two facts are related. This chapter, which looks at differences in racial attitudes across neighborhoods and metropolitan areas, shows that racial resentment is consistently higher in metropolitan areas that are more racially diverse, particularly among whites and blacks. Racial resentment is consistently lower in more racially diverse neighborhoods, a pattern that is largely similar for all four racial groups. Together, these findings shed new light on the connection between social environments and racial attitudes.
Karen Mossberger, Caroline J. Tolbert, and William Franko
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199812936
- eISBN:
- 9780199979769
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199812936.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
Why and how are cities important sites for national broadband policy? This chapter reviews the economic and urban research on the role of cities in the economy and society, and discusses the stimulus ...
More
Why and how are cities important sites for national broadband policy? This chapter reviews the economic and urban research on the role of cities in the economy and society, and discusses the stimulus funding and the National Broadband Plan in terms of the relevance of cities for national goals. Yet, less than 8 percent of the stimulus funding was allocated to metropolitan areas, primarily for training or public access rather than home access. A history of local government efforts demonstrates that local governments took up the issue when it had dropped from federal agendas. Yet, cities alone have not had sufficient resources to solve the policy problems. The chapter closes with a discussion of the goals and perspectives of city actors based on interviews with officials from seven major cities with active broadband initiatives.Less
Why and how are cities important sites for national broadband policy? This chapter reviews the economic and urban research on the role of cities in the economy and society, and discusses the stimulus funding and the National Broadband Plan in terms of the relevance of cities for national goals. Yet, less than 8 percent of the stimulus funding was allocated to metropolitan areas, primarily for training or public access rather than home access. A history of local government efforts demonstrates that local governments took up the issue when it had dropped from federal agendas. Yet, cities alone have not had sufficient resources to solve the policy problems. The chapter closes with a discussion of the goals and perspectives of city actors based on interviews with officials from seven major cities with active broadband initiatives.
John Mollenkopf and Manuel Pastor (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781501702662
- eISBN:
- 9781501703959
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702662.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
This book represents one of the first systematic comparative studies of immigrant incorporation at the metropolitan level. It considers immigrant reception in seven different metro areas, and the ...
More
This book represents one of the first systematic comparative studies of immigrant incorporation at the metropolitan level. It considers immigrant reception in seven different metro areas, and the book's analysis stresses the differences in capacity and response between central cities, down-at-the-heels suburbs, and outer metropolitan areas, as well as across metro areas. A key feature of case studies in the book is their inclusion of not only traditional receiving areas (New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles) but also newer ones (Charlotte, Phoenix, San José, and California's “Inland Empire”). Another innovative aspect is that the book links to the new literature on regional governance, contributes to emerging research on spatial variations within metropolitan areas, and highlights points of intersection with the longer-term processes of immigrant integration.Less
This book represents one of the first systematic comparative studies of immigrant incorporation at the metropolitan level. It considers immigrant reception in seven different metro areas, and the book's analysis stresses the differences in capacity and response between central cities, down-at-the-heels suburbs, and outer metropolitan areas, as well as across metro areas. A key feature of case studies in the book is their inclusion of not only traditional receiving areas (New York, Chicago, and Los Angeles) but also newer ones (Charlotte, Phoenix, San José, and California's “Inland Empire”). Another innovative aspect is that the book links to the new literature on regional governance, contributes to emerging research on spatial variations within metropolitan areas, and highlights points of intersection with the longer-term processes of immigrant integration.
Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.003.0005
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter explores how culture affects economy and city life, and how these become sources of new urban growth. The first section shows how aesthetics relates to urbanization by including culture ...
More
This chapter explores how culture affects economy and city life, and how these become sources of new urban growth. The first section shows how aesthetics relates to urbanization by including culture in its discussion. More possibilities are explained in the chapter, such as its impact on industrial production and designation of cultural-products industrial districts. Policies on culture and local economic development and the future in these types of industries are also presented.Less
This chapter explores how culture affects economy and city life, and how these become sources of new urban growth. The first section shows how aesthetics relates to urbanization by including culture in its discussion. More possibilities are explained in the chapter, such as its impact on industrial production and designation of cultural-products industrial districts. Policies on culture and local economic development and the future in these types of industries are also presented.
Elizabeth Debray and Erica Frankenberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807835128
- eISBN:
- 9781469602585
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807869208_frankenberg.21
- Subject:
- Education, History of Education
Drawing on research about the Gautreaux Assisted Housing and Moving to Opportunity programs, this chapter considers the need for federal legislation to implement a pilot grant program in metropolitan ...
More
Drawing on research about the Gautreaux Assisted Housing and Moving to Opportunity programs, this chapter considers the need for federal legislation to implement a pilot grant program in metropolitan areas to promote integration of housing and education. It describes the duration, scope, and cost of this proposed program and provides suggestions for program authorization, administration, and evaluation.Less
Drawing on research about the Gautreaux Assisted Housing and Moving to Opportunity programs, this chapter considers the need for federal legislation to implement a pilot grant program in metropolitan areas to promote integration of housing and education. It describes the duration, scope, and cost of this proposed program and provides suggestions for program authorization, administration, and evaluation.
Karen Mossberger, Caroline J. Tolbert, and William Franko
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199812936
- eISBN:
- 9780199979769
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199812936.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
This introductory chapter argues that cities are important venues for national broadband policy, and that federal programs have not addressed market failures in urban areas, such as slow speeds and ...
More
This introductory chapter argues that cities are important venues for national broadband policy, and that federal programs have not addressed market failures in urban areas, such as slow speeds and high costs. Policymakers must consider how place matters for technology use, and the subsequent chapters explore the significance of context across multiple layers of geography; from a comparison of urban, suburban, and rural patterns of access to the neighbourhoods of Chicago. Cities are uniquely positioned to advance innovative uses of broadband in the economy and public institutions. Moreover, there are substantial disparities in access in cities and metropolitan areas, where most of the population lives. Experimenting with new applications in cities and addressing barriers such as cost would have a greater impact than reliance on rural infrastructure to close technology gaps.Less
This introductory chapter argues that cities are important venues for national broadband policy, and that federal programs have not addressed market failures in urban areas, such as slow speeds and high costs. Policymakers must consider how place matters for technology use, and the subsequent chapters explore the significance of context across multiple layers of geography; from a comparison of urban, suburban, and rural patterns of access to the neighbourhoods of Chicago. Cities are uniquely positioned to advance innovative uses of broadband in the economy and public institutions. Moreover, there are substantial disparities in access in cities and metropolitan areas, where most of the population lives. Experimenting with new applications in cities and addressing barriers such as cost would have a greater impact than reliance on rural infrastructure to close technology gaps.
M. Ramachandran
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198073987
- eISBN:
- 9780199080847
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198073987.003.0005
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter discusses the development of the east-west metro rail system in Kolkata. It details the various phases of the project from proposal to implementation. Kolkata is the only city in the ...
More
This chapter discusses the development of the east-west metro rail system in Kolkata. It details the various phases of the project from proposal to implementation. Kolkata is the only city in the country which has all modes of transport, from a metro railway and trams to hand-pulled rickshaws, in addition to buses and all other normal vehicles. In 2006, when a DPR for an east-west metro corridor was taken up, the existing Indian Railways-run metro system was operating between Dum Dum and Tollygunge. Looking at Kolkata’s problems is essentially taking into account a larger urban agglomeration consisting of Kolkata Municipal Corporation, Howrah Municipal Corporation, Salt Lake City, and the larger Kolkata Metropolitan Development Area.Less
This chapter discusses the development of the east-west metro rail system in Kolkata. It details the various phases of the project from proposal to implementation. Kolkata is the only city in the country which has all modes of transport, from a metro railway and trams to hand-pulled rickshaws, in addition to buses and all other normal vehicles. In 2006, when a DPR for an east-west metro corridor was taken up, the existing Indian Railways-run metro system was operating between Dum Dum and Tollygunge. Looking at Kolkata’s problems is essentially taking into account a larger urban agglomeration consisting of Kolkata Municipal Corporation, Howrah Municipal Corporation, Salt Lake City, and the larger Kolkata Metropolitan Development Area.
Albert J. Sumell, Paula E. Stephan, and James D. Adams
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226261898
- eISBN:
- 9780226261904
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226261904.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Econometrics
The objective of this chapter is to examine factors that influence the probability that a highly skilled worker will remain local or stay in the state. Specifically, the chapter measures how various ...
More
The objective of this chapter is to examine factors that influence the probability that a highly skilled worker will remain local or stay in the state. Specifically, the chapter measures how various individual, institutional, and geographic attributes affect the probability that new PhDs going to industry stay in the metropolitan area or state where they trained. The study focuses on PhDs who received their degree in one of ten fields in science and engineering (S&E) during the period 1997 to 1999. The chapter provides a discussion of the role new PhDs play in knowledge transfer and the role of geographic proximity in promoting the transfer. The chapter also offers a conceptual model of an individual's decision to migrate. The chapter concludes that states and local areas capture knowledge embodied in newly-minted PhDs headed to industry, but not at an overwhelming rate.Less
The objective of this chapter is to examine factors that influence the probability that a highly skilled worker will remain local or stay in the state. Specifically, the chapter measures how various individual, institutional, and geographic attributes affect the probability that new PhDs going to industry stay in the metropolitan area or state where they trained. The study focuses on PhDs who received their degree in one of ten fields in science and engineering (S&E) during the period 1997 to 1999. The chapter provides a discussion of the role new PhDs play in knowledge transfer and the role of geographic proximity in promoting the transfer. The chapter also offers a conceptual model of an individual's decision to migrate. The chapter concludes that states and local areas capture knowledge embodied in newly-minted PhDs headed to industry, but not at an overwhelming rate.
Karen Mossberger, Caroline J. Tolbert, and William Franko
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199812936
- eISBN:
- 9780199979769
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199812936.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
The stimulus programs have focused attention on rural disparities in broadband, but this chapter offers a broader overview, comparing Internet use anywhere and home broadband adoption for urban, ...
More
The stimulus programs have focused attention on rural disparities in broadband, but this chapter offers a broader overview, comparing Internet use anywhere and home broadband adoption for urban, suburban, and rural residents. Using the 2009 Current Population Survey and Federal Communications Commission survey, this chapter explores the data that informed federal policymaking at the launch of the stimulus efforts and the National Broadband Plan. Multivariate analysis offers a rigorous examination of the factors related to Internet use and broadband adoption, but the results are presented with graphs and estimates that require no statistical knowledge. The analysis shows that urban Latinos are the most technologically disadvantaged group, and that social inequality is the most important determinant of broadband adoption in both rural and urban areas.Less
The stimulus programs have focused attention on rural disparities in broadband, but this chapter offers a broader overview, comparing Internet use anywhere and home broadband adoption for urban, suburban, and rural residents. Using the 2009 Current Population Survey and Federal Communications Commission survey, this chapter explores the data that informed federal policymaking at the launch of the stimulus efforts and the National Broadband Plan. Multivariate analysis offers a rigorous examination of the factors related to Internet use and broadband adoption, but the results are presented with graphs and estimates that require no statistical knowledge. The analysis shows that urban Latinos are the most technologically disadvantaged group, and that social inequality is the most important determinant of broadband adoption in both rural and urban areas.
Nancy Foner and Roger Waldinger
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199778386
- eISBN:
- 9780199332588
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199778386.003.0012
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter first discusses the differences between Los Angeles and New York in the origins and characteristics of the immigrants who have moved there, their immigrant histories, and their economic, ...
More
This chapter first discusses the differences between Los Angeles and New York in the origins and characteristics of the immigrants who have moved there, their immigrant histories, and their economic, social, and political institutions, which have a wide-ranging effect on the foreign-born. It then considers the surprising degree of convergence between New York and Los Angeles as immigrant centers, which has become more prominent since 2000, particularly when the two metropolitan areas are compared rather than simply focusing on the two major cities within them. This is the case, not only in terms of characteristics of the two regions' immigrant populations, but also relating to features of the regions' social and political contexts and responses to newcomers. This convergence, to a large degree, is due to the declining impact of geography and history.Less
This chapter first discusses the differences between Los Angeles and New York in the origins and characteristics of the immigrants who have moved there, their immigrant histories, and their economic, social, and political institutions, which have a wide-ranging effect on the foreign-born. It then considers the surprising degree of convergence between New York and Los Angeles as immigrant centers, which has become more prominent since 2000, particularly when the two metropolitan areas are compared rather than simply focusing on the two major cities within them. This is the case, not only in terms of characteristics of the two regions' immigrant populations, but also relating to features of the regions' social and political contexts and responses to newcomers. This convergence, to a large degree, is due to the declining impact of geography and history.
Jennifer Jellison Holme, Sarah L. Diem, and Katherine Cumings Mansfield
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807835128
- eISBN:
- 9781469602585
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807869208_frankenberg.12
- Subject:
- Education, History of Education
This chapter examines the development of a regional integration plan in Omaha, Nebraska. It begins by discussing why regional agreements are important in addressing stratification and segregation ...
More
This chapter examines the development of a regional integration plan in Omaha, Nebraska. It begins by discussing why regional agreements are important in addressing stratification and segregation between districts in metropolitan areas. It then describes the central elements of the agreement and examines the process by which the agreement in Omaha unfolded. The chapter ends with an analysis of the current state of the agreement, an illustration of the fragility of metropolitan solutions, and a discussion of policy recommendations.Less
This chapter examines the development of a regional integration plan in Omaha, Nebraska. It begins by discussing why regional agreements are important in addressing stratification and segregation between districts in metropolitan areas. It then describes the central elements of the agreement and examines the process by which the agreement in Omaha unfolded. The chapter ends with an analysis of the current state of the agreement, an illustration of the fragility of metropolitan solutions, and a discussion of policy recommendations.
