Menno Fenger and Paul Henman
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748612390
- eISBN:
- 9780748651009
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748612390.003.0015
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE
Rome is unique, not only in western but universal history: firstly because it was a city which conquered and administered a vast empire; secondly because that empire had an exceptionally long life; ...
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Rome is unique, not only in western but universal history: firstly because it was a city which conquered and administered a vast empire; secondly because that empire had an exceptionally long life; and lastly, because, identified with its empire by its very name, it set itself up as the Eternal City. The empire suffered territorial losses on such a scale that the Romans came to doubt the eternity of their imperium. With no emperor, and a population in decline, the city nevertheless continued to be generally regarded as the capital of the world, queen of the universe, mother of leaders and the metropolis of trophies. There was thus continuity between imperial and pontifical Rome. Although the expression ‘end of the Roman Empire’ can make sense, the ‘fall of Rome’ has no historical reality. Rome did not fall, but was transformed by keeping its special characteristic of mythical and historical capital.Less
Rome is unique, not only in western but universal history: firstly because it was a city which conquered and administered a vast empire; secondly because that empire had an exceptionally long life; and lastly, because, identified with its empire by its very name, it set itself up as the Eternal City. The empire suffered territorial losses on such a scale that the Romans came to doubt the eternity of their imperium. With no emperor, and a population in decline, the city nevertheless continued to be generally regarded as the capital of the world, queen of the universe, mother of leaders and the metropolis of trophies. There was thus continuity between imperial and pontifical Rome. Although the expression ‘end of the Roman Empire’ can make sense, the ‘fall of Rome’ has no historical reality. Rome did not fall, but was transformed by keeping its special characteristic of mythical and historical capital.
Jason Thompson
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9789774245251
- eISBN:
- 9781617970160
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774245251.003.0010
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
This chapter gives an account of the distant view of the Egyptian metropolis and its environs: the Nile being at its highest point. This chapter also discusses the general appearance of Boo'la'ck, ...
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This chapter gives an account of the distant view of the Egyptian metropolis and its environs: the Nile being at its highest point. This chapter also discusses the general appearance of Boo'la'ck, the principal port of the metropolis. This port has now a more respectable appearance, towards the river, than it is described to have had when Egypt was occupied by the French. This chapter talks about the population, mosques, manufactories, and printing-office of Boo'la'ck.Less
This chapter gives an account of the distant view of the Egyptian metropolis and its environs: the Nile being at its highest point. This chapter also discusses the general appearance of Boo'la'ck, the principal port of the metropolis. This port has now a more respectable appearance, towards the river, than it is described to have had when Egypt was occupied by the French. This chapter talks about the population, mosques, manufactories, and printing-office of Boo'la'ck.
Jason Thompson
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9789774245251
- eISBN:
- 9781617970160
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774245251.003.0012
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
The Citadel (El-Ckal”ah) is situated at the south-eastern extremity of the metropolis, upon an extensive, flat-topped, rocky eminence, about 250 feet above the level of the plain, and near the point ...
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The Citadel (El-Ckal”ah) is situated at the south-eastern extremity of the metropolis, upon an extensive, flat-topped, rocky eminence, about 250 feet above the level of the plain, and near the point of Mount Moockut'tum, which completely commands it. It was founded by Sala'hh ed-Deen (the Saladin of our historians), in the year of the flight 572 (A.D. 1176–7); but not finished till 604; since which it has been the usual residence of the Soolta'ns and governors of Egypt. Before it sits a spacious square, called the Roomey'leh, where a market is held; and where conjurors, musicians, and story-tellers, are often seen each surrounded by a ring of idlers. The Ba'b el-'Az'ab is the principal gate of the Citadel. A great part of the interior of the Citadel is obstructed by ruins and rubbish; and there are many dwelling-houses, and some shops, within it.Less
The Citadel (El-Ckal”ah) is situated at the south-eastern extremity of the metropolis, upon an extensive, flat-topped, rocky eminence, about 250 feet above the level of the plain, and near the point of Mount Moockut'tum, which completely commands it. It was founded by Sala'hh ed-Deen (the Saladin of our historians), in the year of the flight 572 (A.D. 1176–7); but not finished till 604; since which it has been the usual residence of the Soolta'ns and governors of Egypt. Before it sits a spacious square, called the Roomey'leh, where a market is held; and where conjurors, musicians, and story-tellers, are often seen each surrounded by a ring of idlers. The Ba'b el-'Az'ab is the principal gate of the Citadel. A great part of the interior of the Citadel is obstructed by ruins and rubbish; and there are many dwelling-houses, and some shops, within it.
Paul D. Numrich
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195386219
- eISBN:
- 9780199866731
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195386219.003.0011
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Orthodox Christians have lived in Muslim lands for centuries and now bring their unique perspectives to multireligious America. Encounters that began in conflict in the Old World carry the potential ...
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Orthodox Christians have lived in Muslim lands for centuries and now bring their unique perspectives to multireligious America. Encounters that began in conflict in the Old World carry the potential for redemptive mutual understanding in the United States if the groups will look into each other's eyes, in the words of Ecumenical Patriarch Athenagoras. This chapter examines efforts of Greek Orthodox Christians and Turkish Muslims in Chicago to heal the wounds of the past and find a better future together. “What we did not understand,” explains the chancellor of the Greek Orthodox Metropolis of Chicago, “was that we were suffering together. In retrospect (and likely into the future), our shared history contains hope for our shared destiny.” The Orthodox community in Chicago has been active for many years in broadly based interreligious activities.Less
Orthodox Christians have lived in Muslim lands for centuries and now bring their unique perspectives to multireligious America. Encounters that began in conflict in the Old World carry the potential for redemptive mutual understanding in the United States if the groups will look into each other's eyes, in the words of Ecumenical Patriarch Athenagoras. This chapter examines efforts of Greek Orthodox Christians and Turkish Muslims in Chicago to heal the wounds of the past and find a better future together. “What we did not understand,” explains the chancellor of the Greek Orthodox Metropolis of Chicago, “was that we were suffering together. In retrospect (and likely into the future), our shared history contains hope for our shared destiny.” The Orthodox community in Chicago has been active for many years in broadly based interreligious activities.
O.P. Mishra
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198075950
- eISBN:
- 9780199080892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198075950.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
This chapter focuses on the characteristics that make Delhi a unique metropolis. It is contributed to Delhi’s geographical location and political importance, although there are some urban ...
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This chapter focuses on the characteristics that make Delhi a unique metropolis. It is contributed to Delhi’s geographical location and political importance, although there are some urban peculiarities that can be attributed as well. This chapter brings to light the uniqueness of Delhi, which can be clearly understood in three levels: administration, policing, and social structure. The discussion begins by identifying Louis Wirth’s propositions about city life and the urban peculiarities of Delhi. This is followed by a section on the administration of Delhi, which has been going through several changes along with the changing of rulers. The chapter ends with a detailed summary of some peculiar responsibilities of policing; these are considered peculiar due to their differences with the policing responsibilities of other union territories and states.Less
This chapter focuses on the characteristics that make Delhi a unique metropolis. It is contributed to Delhi’s geographical location and political importance, although there are some urban peculiarities that can be attributed as well. This chapter brings to light the uniqueness of Delhi, which can be clearly understood in three levels: administration, policing, and social structure. The discussion begins by identifying Louis Wirth’s propositions about city life and the urban peculiarities of Delhi. This is followed by a section on the administration of Delhi, which has been going through several changes along with the changing of rulers. The chapter ends with a detailed summary of some peculiar responsibilities of policing; these are considered peculiar due to their differences with the policing responsibilities of other union territories and states.
Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This book is about the renaissance of cities in the 21st century and their increasing role as centers of creative economic activity. It attempts to put some conceptual and descriptive order around ...
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This book is about the renaissance of cities in the 21st century and their increasing role as centers of creative economic activity. It attempts to put some conceptual and descriptive order around issues of urbanization in the contemporary world, emphasizing the idea of the social economy of the metropolis, which is to say, a view of the urban organism as an intertwined system of social and economic life played out through the arena of urban space. The book opens with a review of some essentials of urban theory. It aims to re-articulate the urban question in a way that is relevant to city life and politics in the present era. It then analyses the functional characteristics of the urban economy, with special reference to the rise of a group of core sectors such as media, fashion, music, etc. focused on cognitive and cultural forms of work. These sectors are growing with great rapidity in the world’s largest cities at the present time, and they play a major role in the urban resurgence that has been occurring of late. The discussion then explores the spatial ramifications of this new economy in cities and the ways in which it appears to be ushering in major shifts in divisions of labor and urban social stratification, as marked by a growing divide between a stratum of elite workers on the one side and a low-wage proletariat on the other.Less
This book is about the renaissance of cities in the 21st century and their increasing role as centers of creative economic activity. It attempts to put some conceptual and descriptive order around issues of urbanization in the contemporary world, emphasizing the idea of the social economy of the metropolis, which is to say, a view of the urban organism as an intertwined system of social and economic life played out through the arena of urban space. The book opens with a review of some essentials of urban theory. It aims to re-articulate the urban question in a way that is relevant to city life and politics in the present era. It then analyses the functional characteristics of the urban economy, with special reference to the rise of a group of core sectors such as media, fashion, music, etc. focused on cognitive and cultural forms of work. These sectors are growing with great rapidity in the world’s largest cities at the present time, and they play a major role in the urban resurgence that has been occurring of late. The discussion then explores the spatial ramifications of this new economy in cities and the ways in which it appears to be ushering in major shifts in divisions of labor and urban social stratification, as marked by a growing divide between a stratum of elite workers on the one side and a low-wage proletariat on the other.
Allen J. Scott
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199549306
- eISBN:
- 9780191701511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199549306.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business, Political Economy
This chapter analyses the economic structure of American metropolitan areas, and the forms of production that contribute to its urbanization. It begins by revealing statistical points of growth and ...
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This chapter analyses the economic structure of American metropolitan areas, and the forms of production that contribute to its urbanization. It begins by revealing statistical points of growth and transformation of metropolitan economies, and evaluating broad occupational characteristics of metropolitan areas (with a focus on manufacturing activities). It provides analysis on cognitive-cultural economic activities (e.g., fashion industries, tourism and entertainment, hotel service, etc.) and their contributions to the economy of famous large metropolises in America, including Las Vegas, Nashville, Reno, and others.Less
This chapter analyses the economic structure of American metropolitan areas, and the forms of production that contribute to its urbanization. It begins by revealing statistical points of growth and transformation of metropolitan economies, and evaluating broad occupational characteristics of metropolitan areas (with a focus on manufacturing activities). It provides analysis on cognitive-cultural economic activities (e.g., fashion industries, tourism and entertainment, hotel service, etc.) and their contributions to the economy of famous large metropolises in America, including Las Vegas, Nashville, Reno, and others.
David Sims
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774164040
- eISBN:
- 9781617970405
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774164040.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Trying to make sense of the urban giant that is Cairo, this book moves beyond superficial generalizations about Cairo as a chaotic metropolis in the developing world into an analysis of the ways the ...
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Trying to make sense of the urban giant that is Cairo, this book moves beyond superficial generalizations about Cairo as a chaotic metropolis in the developing world into an analysis of the ways the city's 18 million inhabitants have, in the face of a largely neglectful government, built and shaped their own city. Using a wealth of recent studies on Greater Cairo and a deep reading of informal urban processes, the city and its recent history are portrayed and mapped: the huge, spontaneous neighborhoods; housing; traffic and transport; city government; and its people and their enterprises. The failed attempts of the State to create the new, modern Egypt in the deserts surrounding Cairo and their unintended consequences as a colossal speculative frontier are given a special focus. The book argues that understanding a city such as Cairo is not a daunting task as long as pre-conceived notions are discarded and care is taken to apprehend available information and to assess it with a critical eye.Less
Trying to make sense of the urban giant that is Cairo, this book moves beyond superficial generalizations about Cairo as a chaotic metropolis in the developing world into an analysis of the ways the city's 18 million inhabitants have, in the face of a largely neglectful government, built and shaped their own city. Using a wealth of recent studies on Greater Cairo and a deep reading of informal urban processes, the city and its recent history are portrayed and mapped: the huge, spontaneous neighborhoods; housing; traffic and transport; city government; and its people and their enterprises. The failed attempts of the State to create the new, modern Egypt in the deserts surrounding Cairo and their unintended consequences as a colossal speculative frontier are given a special focus. The book argues that understanding a city such as Cairo is not a daunting task as long as pre-conceived notions are discarded and care is taken to apprehend available information and to assess it with a critical eye.
Patrick Le Galès
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199243570
- eISBN:
- 9780191697265
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199243570.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The golden age of cities in late medieval Europe is a myth, associating the city with civility and urbanity. Political autonomy, social structure —that is, associations —economy, culture, and town ...
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The golden age of cities in late medieval Europe is a myth, associating the city with civility and urbanity. Political autonomy, social structure —that is, associations —economy, culture, and town planning all seem to have come together to create an urban ideal which is now lost. European cities create one of the structuring elements of modern European societies. Since the end of the Middle Ages, Western cities have been the crucible for the social, political, and economic organization of European nation-states. This chapter takes the work of various historians as its starting point in order to demonstrate the longevity of European cities and the relative stability of the European urban framework. Cities also offer an adaptable key to understanding the way nation-states have been shaped, since they form a part of national trajectories. The importance of this relationship between cities and states in Europe is that transformations of states alter the political conditions in which cities exist. This chapter also discusses industrial cities, metropolises, and cities bound to the nation-state.Less
The golden age of cities in late medieval Europe is a myth, associating the city with civility and urbanity. Political autonomy, social structure —that is, associations —economy, culture, and town planning all seem to have come together to create an urban ideal which is now lost. European cities create one of the structuring elements of modern European societies. Since the end of the Middle Ages, Western cities have been the crucible for the social, political, and economic organization of European nation-states. This chapter takes the work of various historians as its starting point in order to demonstrate the longevity of European cities and the relative stability of the European urban framework. Cities also offer an adaptable key to understanding the way nation-states have been shaped, since they form a part of national trajectories. The importance of this relationship between cities and states in Europe is that transformations of states alter the political conditions in which cities exist. This chapter also discusses industrial cities, metropolises, and cities bound to the nation-state.
Robert E. Weems and Jason P. Chambers (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780252041426
- eISBN:
- 9780252050022
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252041426.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This book examines the entrepreneurial experiences of and contributions by African American entrepreneurs in Chicago. Through a careful examination of black business activity in areas such as ...
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This book examines the entrepreneurial experiences of and contributions by African American entrepreneurs in Chicago. Through a careful examination of black business activity in areas such as finance, media, and the underground economy known as “Policy,” this work illuminates the manner in which blacks in Chicago built a network of competing and cooperative enterprises and a culture of entrepreneurship unique to the city. This network lay at the center of black business development in Chicago as it allowed blacks there greater opportunity to fund and build businesses reliant on other blacks rather than those whose interests lay outside the black community. Further, it examines how blacks’ business enterprises challenged and changed the economic and political culture of the city to help fashion black communities on Chicago’s South and West sides.
For much of the 20th century, Chicago was considered the single best demonstration of blacks’ entrepreneurial potential. From the time the city was founded by black entrepreneur Jean Baptiste DuSable and throughout the 20th century, business enterprises have been part black community life. From DuSable through black business titans like John H. Johnson, Oprah Winfrey, and Anthony Overton black entrepreneurs called the city home and built their empires there. How they did so and the impact of their success (and failure) is a key theme within this book. Additionally, this work analyzes how blacks in Chicago built their enterprises at the same time grappling with the major cultural, political, and economic shifts in America in the 19th and 20th century.Less
This book examines the entrepreneurial experiences of and contributions by African American entrepreneurs in Chicago. Through a careful examination of black business activity in areas such as finance, media, and the underground economy known as “Policy,” this work illuminates the manner in which blacks in Chicago built a network of competing and cooperative enterprises and a culture of entrepreneurship unique to the city. This network lay at the center of black business development in Chicago as it allowed blacks there greater opportunity to fund and build businesses reliant on other blacks rather than those whose interests lay outside the black community. Further, it examines how blacks’ business enterprises challenged and changed the economic and political culture of the city to help fashion black communities on Chicago’s South and West sides.
For much of the 20th century, Chicago was considered the single best demonstration of blacks’ entrepreneurial potential. From the time the city was founded by black entrepreneur Jean Baptiste DuSable and throughout the 20th century, business enterprises have been part black community life. From DuSable through black business titans like John H. Johnson, Oprah Winfrey, and Anthony Overton black entrepreneurs called the city home and built their empires there. How they did so and the impact of their success (and failure) is a key theme within this book. Additionally, this work analyzes how blacks in Chicago built their enterprises at the same time grappling with the major cultural, political, and economic shifts in America in the 19th and 20th century.
David Sims
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774164040
- eISBN:
- 9781617970405
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774164040.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter sums up the key findings of this study about the dynamics and functioning of the city of Cairo in Egypt. The findings reveal how the metropolis functions moderately well and has not ...
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This chapter sums up the key findings of this study about the dynamics and functioning of the city of Cairo in Egypt. The findings reveal how the metropolis functions moderately well and has not become the urban nightmare prophesied by so many despite its informal development and lack of urban planning. The result also suggests that Cairo's compactness allows the city's otherwise creaky transport to function, makes the extension of infrastructure cost-efficient, and allows the legions of informal businesses to find nearby markets and customers.Less
This chapter sums up the key findings of this study about the dynamics and functioning of the city of Cairo in Egypt. The findings reveal how the metropolis functions moderately well and has not become the urban nightmare prophesied by so many despite its informal development and lack of urban planning. The result also suggests that Cairo's compactness allows the city's otherwise creaky transport to function, makes the extension of infrastructure cost-efficient, and allows the legions of informal businesses to find nearby markets and customers.
Hidetoshi Nishimori and Gerardo Ortiz
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199577224
- eISBN:
- 9780191722943
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577224.003.0011
- Subject:
- Physics, Theoretical, Computational, and Statistical Physics
This chapter introduces a few typical numerical methods used in modern studies of phase transitions and critical phenomena in spin systems. The first section describes the stochastic dynamics of a ...
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This chapter introduces a few typical numerical methods used in modern studies of phase transitions and critical phenomena in spin systems. The first section describes the stochastic dynamics of a generic system with discrete degrees of freedom following the master equation. This section serves as a theoretical basis for the Monte Carlo method that includes the heat bath and Metropolis algorithms of configuration updates. Another useful numerical technique is the transfer matrix method, described in the last section, and which is applied for numerically exact evaluation of the free energy and related physical quantities.Less
This chapter introduces a few typical numerical methods used in modern studies of phase transitions and critical phenomena in spin systems. The first section describes the stochastic dynamics of a generic system with discrete degrees of freedom following the master equation. This section serves as a theoretical basis for the Monte Carlo method that includes the heat bath and Metropolis algorithms of configuration updates. Another useful numerical technique is the transfer matrix method, described in the last section, and which is applied for numerically exact evaluation of the free energy and related physical quantities.
PAUL SLACK
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198207108
- eISBN:
- 9780191677496
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198207108.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter examines contemporary perceptions of the birth of a metropolis in seventeenth-century English history. It analyses overt public ...
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This chapter examines contemporary perceptions of the birth of a metropolis in seventeenth-century English history. It analyses overt public perceptions, not personal ones, and identifies changes in public attitudes towards the metropolis, which were conspicuously ambivalent throughout the period. The findings reveal that the positive and negative views of the city were complementary and that balance of opinion became perceptibly more favourable during the second half of the seventeenth century.Less
This chapter examines contemporary perceptions of the birth of a metropolis in seventeenth-century English history. It analyses overt public perceptions, not personal ones, and identifies changes in public attitudes towards the metropolis, which were conspicuously ambivalent throughout the period. The findings reveal that the positive and negative views of the city were complementary and that balance of opinion became perceptibly more favourable during the second half of the seventeenth century.
David Sorkin
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691164946
- eISBN:
- 9780691189673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691164946.003.0020
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Jewish Studies
This chapter addresses how Europe became a mass society in the fin de siècle (1870–1914). Explosive population growth gave rise to major metropolises whose residents were divided by rank and ...
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This chapter addresses how Europe became a mass society in the fin de siècle (1870–1914). Explosive population growth gave rise to major metropolises whose residents were divided by rank and religion, gender and class. The new conditions of the fin de siècle, mass migration from eastern Europe, and the rise of the new organized political anti-Semitism propelled Jews across Europe and in the United States to establish social welfare and civil defense organizations. The former practiced solidarity on a grand scale; the latter intervened to protect equality. The organizations' promotion of emancipation was predicated on Jews being a confession or religious group: by functioning under the guise of “welfare” and “civil defense,” they deliberately eschewed political claims. From the 1890s, new forms of mass Jewish politics emerged that contested that basic assumption.Less
This chapter addresses how Europe became a mass society in the fin de siècle (1870–1914). Explosive population growth gave rise to major metropolises whose residents were divided by rank and religion, gender and class. The new conditions of the fin de siècle, mass migration from eastern Europe, and the rise of the new organized political anti-Semitism propelled Jews across Europe and in the United States to establish social welfare and civil defense organizations. The former practiced solidarity on a grand scale; the latter intervened to protect equality. The organizations' promotion of emancipation was predicated on Jews being a confession or religious group: by functioning under the guise of “welfare” and “civil defense,” they deliberately eschewed political claims. From the 1890s, new forms of mass Jewish politics emerged that contested that basic assumption.
Nathalie Dessens
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780813060200
- eISBN:
- 9780813050614
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813060200.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, American History: 19th Century
The two decades in which Jean Boze wrote to Henri de Ste-Gême were a wonderfully ebullient period in New Orleans's history. Transitioning, in less than three decades, from a very provincial colonial ...
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The two decades in which Jean Boze wrote to Henri de Ste-Gême were a wonderfully ebullient period in New Orleans's history. Transitioning, in less than three decades, from a very provincial colonial town to the largest metropolis of the American South was not easy for the Crescent City. The conclusion summarizes this transition as seen through Boze's eyes and suggests in what ways the book complements the most recent historiography by showing how, if New Orleans seems to have often been divided along linguistic lines and according to ethnic origins, the early American period shaped the city's identity in a way that was specific to it. The divisions and oppositions became more indistinct as time went by and the period seems to have been marked by a progressive cultural hybridization, each group adopting part of the other's traditions. They eventually inflected their cultural traditions to bring about a totally new culture, no longer African, or French, or Anglo-Saxon, or of any other origin, but a New Orleans culture, different from anything found in the rest of the United States, making New Orleans the “Creole Capital” of the young nation.Less
The two decades in which Jean Boze wrote to Henri de Ste-Gême were a wonderfully ebullient period in New Orleans's history. Transitioning, in less than three decades, from a very provincial colonial town to the largest metropolis of the American South was not easy for the Crescent City. The conclusion summarizes this transition as seen through Boze's eyes and suggests in what ways the book complements the most recent historiography by showing how, if New Orleans seems to have often been divided along linguistic lines and according to ethnic origins, the early American period shaped the city's identity in a way that was specific to it. The divisions and oppositions became more indistinct as time went by and the period seems to have been marked by a progressive cultural hybridization, each group adopting part of the other's traditions. They eventually inflected their cultural traditions to bring about a totally new culture, no longer African, or French, or Anglo-Saxon, or of any other origin, but a New Orleans culture, different from anything found in the rest of the United States, making New Orleans the “Creole Capital” of the young nation.
Julia Guarneri
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226341330
- eISBN:
- 9780226341477
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226341477.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
Newsprint Metropolis tracks two simultaneous processes: how cities made newspapers, and how newspapers made cities. The book reaches beyond the front pages and into the feature news, which ...
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Newsprint Metropolis tracks two simultaneous processes: how cities made newspapers, and how newspapers made cities. The book reaches beyond the front pages and into the feature news, which entertained readers while teaching them how to deal with an urban world of diversity and possibility. From the late nineteenth century onwards, newspapers circulated the local logistical information that enabled readers to conduct their lives within cities and city-centered metropolitan regions. They presented readers with place-based definitions of class and community, sophistication and success. Newspaper journalism facilitated an imaginative relationship to city and region, conjuring the experiences, qualities, and commitments that supposedly bound readers to their metropolitan neighbors. In the 1920s, toward the end of this story, newspapers began to come a bit unmoored from their urban context. Distribution of news articles and images through syndicate services or through chains enabled newspaper editors to piece together satisfying papers without commissioning much local news. But while newspapers never again focused as intensely on their own cities, their heyday as city organs left a lasting mark. The civic campaigns, the commerce, the fast pace, and the variety in turn-of-the-century cities all combined to create the newspaper model that endured through the twentieth century and that we might still recognize in today’s media.Less
Newsprint Metropolis tracks two simultaneous processes: how cities made newspapers, and how newspapers made cities. The book reaches beyond the front pages and into the feature news, which entertained readers while teaching them how to deal with an urban world of diversity and possibility. From the late nineteenth century onwards, newspapers circulated the local logistical information that enabled readers to conduct their lives within cities and city-centered metropolitan regions. They presented readers with place-based definitions of class and community, sophistication and success. Newspaper journalism facilitated an imaginative relationship to city and region, conjuring the experiences, qualities, and commitments that supposedly bound readers to their metropolitan neighbors. In the 1920s, toward the end of this story, newspapers began to come a bit unmoored from their urban context. Distribution of news articles and images through syndicate services or through chains enabled newspaper editors to piece together satisfying papers without commissioning much local news. But while newspapers never again focused as intensely on their own cities, their heyday as city organs left a lasting mark. The civic campaigns, the commerce, the fast pace, and the variety in turn-of-the-century cities all combined to create the newspaper model that endured through the twentieth century and that we might still recognize in today’s media.
Nikos Dacanay
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789888083046
- eISBN:
- 9789882207325
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888083046.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter considers the relationship between the structures of power inherent in the movements in gay places and spaces in the Bangkok metropolis and the performances of gay identity. It focuses ...
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This chapter considers the relationship between the structures of power inherent in the movements in gay places and spaces in the Bangkok metropolis and the performances of gay identity. It focuses on the constituted images and reputations of two gay saunas, The Babylon and Farose. The chapter also examines the dynamic process in performing notions of gay identities as gay men in Bangkok move within and among contested fields of urban gay places and spaces.Less
This chapter considers the relationship between the structures of power inherent in the movements in gay places and spaces in the Bangkok metropolis and the performances of gay identity. It focuses on the constituted images and reputations of two gay saunas, The Babylon and Farose. The chapter also examines the dynamic process in performing notions of gay identities as gay men in Bangkok move within and among contested fields of urban gay places and spaces.
Scott Spector
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226196640
- eISBN:
- 9780226196817
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226196817.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
The year 1900, fin de siècle, in Europe evokes polar thoughts: on the one hand, sensational slashers and femmes fatales, destitute and dangerous new urban districts, criminal violence and sexual ...
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The year 1900, fin de siècle, in Europe evokes polar thoughts: on the one hand, sensational slashers and femmes fatales, destitute and dangerous new urban districts, criminal violence and sexual excess; on the other, science and reason triumphant, a near arrogant confidence in progress, the emergence of new expert knowledge. The tensions between these poles take on the character of a single myth, a story of origins, essences, and destinies that Violent Sensations tells through a focus on Vienna and Berlin. Together, these two cities stand for the “New Metropolis,” crucial sites in the development of modern conceptions of gender and sexuality, also of political emancipation movements these conceptions inspired. Vienna and Berlin witnessed the birth of the science of sexology, the earliest articulations of homosexuality as an identity, the concomitant movement to abolish persecution of sexual minorities, and the “first-wave” feminisms of the turn of the century. These cities also, and simultaneously became host to fantasies of violence associated with liminal figures: the pervasive image of the dangerous and erotic femme fatale, reports and fictions of sexual murder, along with the violent underworld of prostitution, and the surprising and forceful reemergence of the blood libel, representations of homosexual rings or secret associations. Violent Sensations shows how these prurient fantasies were given life in high culture (literature and philosophy), science (especially sexology, urban sociology, and criminology), and popular culture (including pulp novels as well as sensational court cases reported in the popular press).Less
The year 1900, fin de siècle, in Europe evokes polar thoughts: on the one hand, sensational slashers and femmes fatales, destitute and dangerous new urban districts, criminal violence and sexual excess; on the other, science and reason triumphant, a near arrogant confidence in progress, the emergence of new expert knowledge. The tensions between these poles take on the character of a single myth, a story of origins, essences, and destinies that Violent Sensations tells through a focus on Vienna and Berlin. Together, these two cities stand for the “New Metropolis,” crucial sites in the development of modern conceptions of gender and sexuality, also of political emancipation movements these conceptions inspired. Vienna and Berlin witnessed the birth of the science of sexology, the earliest articulations of homosexuality as an identity, the concomitant movement to abolish persecution of sexual minorities, and the “first-wave” feminisms of the turn of the century. These cities also, and simultaneously became host to fantasies of violence associated with liminal figures: the pervasive image of the dangerous and erotic femme fatale, reports and fictions of sexual murder, along with the violent underworld of prostitution, and the surprising and forceful reemergence of the blood libel, representations of homosexual rings or secret associations. Violent Sensations shows how these prurient fantasies were given life in high culture (literature and philosophy), science (especially sexology, urban sociology, and criminology), and popular culture (including pulp novels as well as sensational court cases reported in the popular press).
Deepak Kumar
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195687149
- eISBN:
- 9780199081684
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195687149.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Indian History
As an extremely important historical process, colonization had wide-ranging effects on the polity, society, economy, etc. of a colony. Colonial science has often been considered as a dependent ...
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As an extremely important historical process, colonization had wide-ranging effects on the polity, society, economy, etc. of a colony. Colonial science has often been considered as a dependent science in which the curiosity-oriented research in pure science is heavily superseded by a more result-oriented research in applied science. However, this definition is grossly insufficient. Colonial science is inextricably linked with the whole fabric of colonialism. This chapter discusses the concept and contours of colonial science, focusing on models of colonial science, the metropolis, and imperialism and imperial science. It also examines the role and place of the ‘tools’ or technology and ‘pure’ science in the history of imperialism, and considers pre-colonial science in India.Less
As an extremely important historical process, colonization had wide-ranging effects on the polity, society, economy, etc. of a colony. Colonial science has often been considered as a dependent science in which the curiosity-oriented research in pure science is heavily superseded by a more result-oriented research in applied science. However, this definition is grossly insufficient. Colonial science is inextricably linked with the whole fabric of colonialism. This chapter discusses the concept and contours of colonial science, focusing on models of colonial science, the metropolis, and imperialism and imperial science. It also examines the role and place of the ‘tools’ or technology and ‘pure’ science in the history of imperialism, and considers pre-colonial science in India.
Ulf Grenander and Michael I. Miller
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198505709
- eISBN:
- 9780191916564
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198505709.003.0019
- Subject:
- Computer Science, Programming Languages
The parameter spaces of natural patterns are so complex that inference must often proceed compositionally, successively building up more and more complex structures, ...
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The parameter spaces of natural patterns are so complex that inference must often proceed compositionally, successively building up more and more complex structures, as well as back-tracking, creating simpler structures from more complex versions. Inference is transformational in nature. The philosophical approach studied in this chapter is that the posterior distribution that describes the patterns contains all of the information about the underlying regular structure. Therefore, the transformations of inference are guided via the posterior in the sense that the algorithm for changing the regular structures will correspond to the sample path of a Markov process. The Markov process is constructed to push towards the posterior distribution in which the information about the patterns are stored. This provides the deepconnection between the transformational paradigm of regular structure creation, and random sampling algorithms.
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The parameter spaces of natural patterns are so complex that inference must often proceed compositionally, successively building up more and more complex structures, as well as back-tracking, creating simpler structures from more complex versions. Inference is transformational in nature. The philosophical approach studied in this chapter is that the posterior distribution that describes the patterns contains all of the information about the underlying regular structure. Therefore, the transformations of inference are guided via the posterior in the sense that the algorithm for changing the regular structures will correspond to the sample path of a Markov process. The Markov process is constructed to push towards the posterior distribution in which the information about the patterns are stored. This provides the deepconnection between the transformational paradigm of regular structure creation, and random sampling algorithms.
