Catherine Robson
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691119366
- eISBN:
- 9781400845156
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691119366.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter resurrects “The Burial of Sir John Moore after Corunna.” Charles Wolfe's poem, a reimagining of the hasty interment of a fallen general after one of the land battles in the Napoleonic ...
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This chapter resurrects “The Burial of Sir John Moore after Corunna.” Charles Wolfe's poem, a reimagining of the hasty interment of a fallen general after one of the land battles in the Napoleonic wars, was repeatedly quoted by soldiers and other individuals during the American Civil War when they found themselves having to organize, or witness, the burials of dead comrades. In recent years, cultural historians of Great Britain have tried to account for the massive shift in burial and memorial practices for the common soldier that occurred between 1815 and 1915. The chapter argues that the presence of Wolfe's poem in the hearts and minds of ordinary people played its part in creating the social expectations that led to the establishment of the National Cemeteries in the United States, and thus, in due course, the mass memorialization of World War I.Less
This chapter resurrects “The Burial of Sir John Moore after Corunna.” Charles Wolfe's poem, a reimagining of the hasty interment of a fallen general after one of the land battles in the Napoleonic wars, was repeatedly quoted by soldiers and other individuals during the American Civil War when they found themselves having to organize, or witness, the burials of dead comrades. In recent years, cultural historians of Great Britain have tried to account for the massive shift in burial and memorial practices for the common soldier that occurred between 1815 and 1915. The chapter argues that the presence of Wolfe's poem in the hearts and minds of ordinary people played its part in creating the social expectations that led to the establishment of the National Cemeteries in the United States, and thus, in due course, the mass memorialization of World War I.
Stephanie Wynne-Jones
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197264782
- eISBN:
- 9780191754012
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264782.003.0014
- Subject:
- History, World Early Modern History
Tanzania's central caravan route, joining Lake Tanganyika to the East African coast, was an important artery of trade, with traffic peaking in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and associated ...
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Tanzania's central caravan route, joining Lake Tanganyika to the East African coast, was an important artery of trade, with traffic peaking in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and associated particularly with ivory, but also with the export of slaves. The central caravan route has recently been chosen as a focus for the memorialisation of the slave trade in eastern Africa, as part of a project headed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency in collaboration with the Antiquities Division of Tanzania, and in response to a wider UNESCO-sponsored agenda. Yet the attempt to memorialise slavery along this route brings substantial challenges, both of a practical nature and in the ways that we think about material remains. This chapter explores some of these challenges in the context of existing heritage infrastructure, archaeologies of slavery, and the development of the region for tourism. It highlights the need for a more nuanced archaeology of this route's slave heritage.Less
Tanzania's central caravan route, joining Lake Tanganyika to the East African coast, was an important artery of trade, with traffic peaking in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and associated particularly with ivory, but also with the export of slaves. The central caravan route has recently been chosen as a focus for the memorialisation of the slave trade in eastern Africa, as part of a project headed by the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency in collaboration with the Antiquities Division of Tanzania, and in response to a wider UNESCO-sponsored agenda. Yet the attempt to memorialise slavery along this route brings substantial challenges, both of a practical nature and in the ways that we think about material remains. This chapter explores some of these challenges in the context of existing heritage infrastructure, archaeologies of slavery, and the development of the region for tourism. It highlights the need for a more nuanced archaeology of this route's slave heritage.
Paul A. Shackel
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780252041990
- eISBN:
- 9780252050732
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252041990.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
Lattimer, Pennsylvania, is the location for one of labor’s forgotten massacres, a result of the xenophobic fears prevalent during the turn of the twentieth century. On September 10, 1897, about four ...
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Lattimer, Pennsylvania, is the location for one of labor’s forgotten massacres, a result of the xenophobic fears prevalent during the turn of the twentieth century. On September 10, 1897, about four hundred strikers of eastern and southern European descent marched to close the Lattimer colliery. Without warning, the men were fired upon by the local sheriff and his posse. The shooters stood trial for the killing of the protestors and were acquitted. Though Lattimer is one of the largest tragedies in U.S. labor history, a type of amnesia attached to the event, and the massacre has been largely forgotten in the national public memory. Many attempts to memorialize the Lattimer massacre failed, as labor and capital struggled to control memory of the event. Eventually, in 1972, the town erected a monument at the site.
While Lattimer is a lesson about past labor and immigration practices, it is also about the ways in which contemporary communities perceive and deal with new immigrants. Today, northeastern Pennsylvania has experienced a new influx of immigrants from Latin America. Many belonging to the established local population are treating the new immigrants with the same prejudices and distain their own ancestors received several generations ago. Though local reaction to the immigrants reflects the larger national dialogue on immigration, there are those who struggle to change the anti-immigration rhetoric.Less
Lattimer, Pennsylvania, is the location for one of labor’s forgotten massacres, a result of the xenophobic fears prevalent during the turn of the twentieth century. On September 10, 1897, about four hundred strikers of eastern and southern European descent marched to close the Lattimer colliery. Without warning, the men were fired upon by the local sheriff and his posse. The shooters stood trial for the killing of the protestors and were acquitted. Though Lattimer is one of the largest tragedies in U.S. labor history, a type of amnesia attached to the event, and the massacre has been largely forgotten in the national public memory. Many attempts to memorialize the Lattimer massacre failed, as labor and capital struggled to control memory of the event. Eventually, in 1972, the town erected a monument at the site.
While Lattimer is a lesson about past labor and immigration practices, it is also about the ways in which contemporary communities perceive and deal with new immigrants. Today, northeastern Pennsylvania has experienced a new influx of immigrants from Latin America. Many belonging to the established local population are treating the new immigrants with the same prejudices and distain their own ancestors received several generations ago. Though local reaction to the immigrants reflects the larger national dialogue on immigration, there are those who struggle to change the anti-immigration rhetoric.
Anna Bigelow
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195368239
- eISBN:
- 9780199867622
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195368239.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Religious diversity has always been a part of life in Malerkotla. That situation has not always been handled with grace. Several significant examples of communal conflict — wars, demonstrations, ...
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Religious diversity has always been a part of life in Malerkotla. That situation has not always been handled with grace. Several significant examples of communal conflict — wars, demonstrations, guerrilla attacks, and hate crimes — have occurred throughout the town’s history. Yet especially since Partition, Malerkotla has managed the inevitable stresses extremely well and recovered equilibrium rapidly after undergoing shocks to the system. Community efforts to establish a shared idiom of inclusive piety through memorialization practices focus and depend most especially on the person of Haider Shaikh. The legacy of the saint and the persistence of the religiously diverse cult based at his tomb provide a substantial basis for the success of tried and true techniques of conflict management such as peace committees and dialogue initiatives.Less
Religious diversity has always been a part of life in Malerkotla. That situation has not always been handled with grace. Several significant examples of communal conflict — wars, demonstrations, guerrilla attacks, and hate crimes — have occurred throughout the town’s history. Yet especially since Partition, Malerkotla has managed the inevitable stresses extremely well and recovered equilibrium rapidly after undergoing shocks to the system. Community efforts to establish a shared idiom of inclusive piety through memorialization practices focus and depend most especially on the person of Haider Shaikh. The legacy of the saint and the persistence of the religiously diverse cult based at his tomb provide a substantial basis for the success of tried and true techniques of conflict management such as peace committees and dialogue initiatives.
Candi K. Cann
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780813145419
- eISBN:
- 9780813145495
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813145419.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
From the dead body to the virtual body and from material memorials to virtual memorials, one thing is clear: the bodiless nature of memorialization of the dead across cultures. In postindustrial, ...
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From the dead body to the virtual body and from material memorials to virtual memorials, one thing is clear: the bodiless nature of memorialization of the dead across cultures. In postindustrial, Protestant, and capitalist societies such as the United States, this trend seems much more prominent and is moving at a faster rate than in the developing world. As globalization and industrialization increase, traditional cultural values and norms will be further eroded, and the trend toward bodiless memorialization will only intensify. Additionally, as the world's population and accompanying land scarcity issues continue to rise, the body as corpse will continue to disappear as countries look for new and innovative ways to dispose of the dead. Ultimately, the rise of memorialization is concurrent with the disappearance of the body. This book examines this disturbing trend, analyzing various types of memorialization and questioning the impetus behind these newly emerging forms of remembrance.Less
From the dead body to the virtual body and from material memorials to virtual memorials, one thing is clear: the bodiless nature of memorialization of the dead across cultures. In postindustrial, Protestant, and capitalist societies such as the United States, this trend seems much more prominent and is moving at a faster rate than in the developing world. As globalization and industrialization increase, traditional cultural values and norms will be further eroded, and the trend toward bodiless memorialization will only intensify. Additionally, as the world's population and accompanying land scarcity issues continue to rise, the body as corpse will continue to disappear as countries look for new and innovative ways to dispose of the dead. Ultimately, the rise of memorialization is concurrent with the disappearance of the body. This book examines this disturbing trend, analyzing various types of memorialization and questioning the impetus behind these newly emerging forms of remembrance.
Nigel Saul
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199215980
- eISBN:
- 9780191710001
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199215980.003.0015
- Subject:
- History, History of Religion
With the Reformation there came a major shift in popular attitudes to funerary monuments. The notion of memorialization was redefined in a more secular direction which stressed the honour of the ...
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With the Reformation there came a major shift in popular attitudes to funerary monuments. The notion of memorialization was redefined in a more secular direction which stressed the honour of the person commemorated, dispensing with the Catholic notion of purgatory. This chapter argues that the practice of commemoration was woven deeply into the fabric of English medieval society. As early as the 10th century the production of monuments was approaching levels which matched those in the pre-Reformation centuries. The suggestion is made that commemoration may have been spread more widespread in England than in neighbouring societies, partly because of the competitiveness of English society and partly because its closely meshed structure made for easy dissemination of elite commemorative practices.Less
With the Reformation there came a major shift in popular attitudes to funerary monuments. The notion of memorialization was redefined in a more secular direction which stressed the honour of the person commemorated, dispensing with the Catholic notion of purgatory. This chapter argues that the practice of commemoration was woven deeply into the fabric of English medieval society. As early as the 10th century the production of monuments was approaching levels which matched those in the pre-Reformation centuries. The suggestion is made that commemoration may have been spread more widespread in England than in neighbouring societies, partly because of the competitiveness of English society and partly because its closely meshed structure made for easy dissemination of elite commemorative practices.
Robyn Autry
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780231177580
- eISBN:
- 9780231542517
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231177580.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Comparative and Historical Sociology
At the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg, South Africa, visitors confront the past upon arrival. They must decide whether to enter the museum through a door marked "whites" or another marked ...
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At the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg, South Africa, visitors confront the past upon arrival. They must decide whether to enter the museum through a door marked "whites" or another marked "non-whites." Inside, along with text, they encounter hanging nooses and other reminders of apartheid-era atrocities. In the United States, museum exhibitions about racial violence and segregation are mostly confined to black history museums, with national history museums sidelining such difficult material. Even the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture is dedicated not to violent histories of racial domination but to a more generalized narrative about black identity and culture. The scale at which violent racial pasts have been incorporated into South African national historical narratives is lacking in the U.S. Desegregating the Past considers why this is the case, tracking the production and display of historical representations of racial pasts at museums in both countries and what it reveals about underlying social anxieties, unsettled emotions, and aspirations surrounding contemporary social fault lines around race. Robyn Autry consults museum archives, conducts interviews with staff, and recounts the public and private battles fought over the creation and content of history museums. Despite vast differences in the development of South African and U.S. society, Autry finds a common set of ideological, political, economic, and institutional dilemmas arising out of the selective reconstruction of the past. Museums have played a major role in shaping public memory, at times recognizing and at other times blurring the ongoing influence of historical crimes. The narratives museums produce to engage with difficult, violent histories expose present anxieties concerning identity, (mis)recognition, and ongoing conflict.Less
At the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg, South Africa, visitors confront the past upon arrival. They must decide whether to enter the museum through a door marked "whites" or another marked "non-whites." Inside, along with text, they encounter hanging nooses and other reminders of apartheid-era atrocities. In the United States, museum exhibitions about racial violence and segregation are mostly confined to black history museums, with national history museums sidelining such difficult material. Even the Smithsonian's National Museum of African American History and Culture is dedicated not to violent histories of racial domination but to a more generalized narrative about black identity and culture. The scale at which violent racial pasts have been incorporated into South African national historical narratives is lacking in the U.S. Desegregating the Past considers why this is the case, tracking the production and display of historical representations of racial pasts at museums in both countries and what it reveals about underlying social anxieties, unsettled emotions, and aspirations surrounding contemporary social fault lines around race. Robyn Autry consults museum archives, conducts interviews with staff, and recounts the public and private battles fought over the creation and content of history museums. Despite vast differences in the development of South African and U.S. society, Autry finds a common set of ideological, political, economic, and institutional dilemmas arising out of the selective reconstruction of the past. Museums have played a major role in shaping public memory, at times recognizing and at other times blurring the ongoing influence of historical crimes. The narratives museums produce to engage with difficult, violent histories expose present anxieties concerning identity, (mis)recognition, and ongoing conflict.
Elizabeth Hayes Turner
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195086881
- eISBN:
- 9780199854578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195086881.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter focuses on how women used to memorialize family and friends through musical instruments, decorative furnishings and stained glass such as what Mollie Ragan Macgill Rosenberg did. She ...
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This chapter focuses on how women used to memorialize family and friends through musical instruments, decorative furnishings and stained glass such as what Mollie Ragan Macgill Rosenberg did. She brought stunning pieces of art to the town and made sure that the artists glorified faithful believing women. Mollie's most important contribution was the stained glass windows. It brought glory to God and memorialization of women. Church life was also one aspect of southern culture that found ready acceptance among southern women. The beauty, sanctity and fellowship of church life drew them in. If ever there should be a question of what a church would look like if furnished only by women, Grace Church is a perfect example. As towns grew, church and synagogue cemeteries replaced private family gravesites. Women often left provision in their wills for the founding or upkeep of a synagogue or church cemetery.Less
This chapter focuses on how women used to memorialize family and friends through musical instruments, decorative furnishings and stained glass such as what Mollie Ragan Macgill Rosenberg did. She brought stunning pieces of art to the town and made sure that the artists glorified faithful believing women. Mollie's most important contribution was the stained glass windows. It brought glory to God and memorialization of women. Church life was also one aspect of southern culture that found ready acceptance among southern women. The beauty, sanctity and fellowship of church life drew them in. If ever there should be a question of what a church would look like if furnished only by women, Grace Church is a perfect example. As towns grew, church and synagogue cemeteries replaced private family gravesites. Women often left provision in their wills for the founding or upkeep of a synagogue or church cemetery.
Charlotte Heath-Kelly
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781784993139
- eISBN:
- 9781526120991
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784993139.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Ethical Issues and Debates
Death is simultaneously silent, and very loud, in political life. Politicians and media scream about potential threats lurking behind every corner, but academic discourse often neglects mortality. ...
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Death is simultaneously silent, and very loud, in political life. Politicians and media scream about potential threats lurking behind every corner, but academic discourse often neglects mortality. Life is everywhere in theorisation of security, but death is nowhere.Making a bold intervention into the Critical Security Studies literature, this book explores the ontological relationship between mortality and security after the Death of God – arguing that security emerged in response to the removal of promises to immortal salvation. Combining the mortality theories of Heidegger and Bauman with literature from the sociology of death, Heath-Kelly shows how security is a response to the death anxiety implicit within the human condition.The book explores the theoretical literature on mortality before undertaking a comparative exploration of the memorialisation of four prominent post-terrorist sites: the World Trade Center in New York, the Bali bombsite, the London bombings and the Norwegian sites attacked by Anders Breivik. By interviewing the architects and designers of these reconstruction projects, Heath-Kelly shows that practices of memorialization are a retrospective security endeavour – they conceal and re-narrate the traumatic incursion of death. Disaster recovery is replete with security practices that return mortality to its sublimated position and remove the disruption posed by mortality to political authority.The book will be of significant interest to academics and postgraduates working in the fields of Critical Security Studies, Memory Studies and International Politics.Less
Death is simultaneously silent, and very loud, in political life. Politicians and media scream about potential threats lurking behind every corner, but academic discourse often neglects mortality. Life is everywhere in theorisation of security, but death is nowhere.Making a bold intervention into the Critical Security Studies literature, this book explores the ontological relationship between mortality and security after the Death of God – arguing that security emerged in response to the removal of promises to immortal salvation. Combining the mortality theories of Heidegger and Bauman with literature from the sociology of death, Heath-Kelly shows how security is a response to the death anxiety implicit within the human condition.The book explores the theoretical literature on mortality before undertaking a comparative exploration of the memorialisation of four prominent post-terrorist sites: the World Trade Center in New York, the Bali bombsite, the London bombings and the Norwegian sites attacked by Anders Breivik. By interviewing the architects and designers of these reconstruction projects, Heath-Kelly shows that practices of memorialization are a retrospective security endeavour – they conceal and re-narrate the traumatic incursion of death. Disaster recovery is replete with security practices that return mortality to its sublimated position and remove the disruption posed by mortality to political authority.The book will be of significant interest to academics and postgraduates working in the fields of Critical Security Studies, Memory Studies and International Politics.
Peter Messent
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195391169
- eISBN:
- 9780199866656
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195391169.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature, American, 19th Century Literature
This chapter focuses on Clemens and Howells, and to lesser extent, Rogers. Their reactions to the deaths of their young daughters illustrate both the changing mourning practices of the late Victorian ...
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This chapter focuses on Clemens and Howells, and to lesser extent, Rogers. Their reactions to the deaths of their young daughters illustrate both the changing mourning practices of the late Victorian period, and the lessening in intensity in close male friendships in these years. As a prelude to discussion of these deaths, the status of father‐daughter relationships in the period is examined. An emphasis on the inviolability of the family brought, in Clemens's and Howells's cases, the extremes of grief following their daughters' early deaths. An analysis of processes of grief and mourning, and the core cultural changes radically affecting such practices in a late Victorian world follows, illustrating that when these men lost their daughters, their male friendships were of limited help to them, and they were thrown back by and large on their own inner resources. The altered conditions of a late‐nineteenth and early‐twentieth‐century American world meant that male friendships had narrower limits and were less consuming in their personal and emotional effects than in an earlier sentimental age.Less
This chapter focuses on Clemens and Howells, and to lesser extent, Rogers. Their reactions to the deaths of their young daughters illustrate both the changing mourning practices of the late Victorian period, and the lessening in intensity in close male friendships in these years. As a prelude to discussion of these deaths, the status of father‐daughter relationships in the period is examined. An emphasis on the inviolability of the family brought, in Clemens's and Howells's cases, the extremes of grief following their daughters' early deaths. An analysis of processes of grief and mourning, and the core cultural changes radically affecting such practices in a late Victorian world follows, illustrating that when these men lost their daughters, their male friendships were of limited help to them, and they were thrown back by and large on their own inner resources. The altered conditions of a late‐nineteenth and early‐twentieth‐century American world meant that male friendships had narrower limits and were less consuming in their personal and emotional effects than in an earlier sentimental age.
John Barry
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695393
- eISBN:
- 9780191738982
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695393.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Environmental Politics
Turns our attention to politics and discusses the potential for a ‘green republicanism’ as a viable, attractive, and pragmatic basis for green politics. It suggests that the republican account of the ...
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Turns our attention to politics and discusses the potential for a ‘green republicanism’ as a viable, attractive, and pragmatic basis for green politics. It suggests that the republican account of the human political condition takes cognizance of vulnerability and in this way has an inherent concern with unsustainability. Its promotion of, inter alia, civic virtue, active and empowered citizenship, the promotion of ‘rough equality’, the creation of social solidarity, and a politics of the common good, has many of the features identified as constitutive of resilient communities as outlined in chapter 3. The civic republican focus on memorialization and remembrance resonates with the discussion in chapter 3 of the role of rituals, such as festivals and public holidays for example. Against the dangers of ‘sequestration’ , a green republicanism consciously seeks to bring to the fore those features of human life which are prone to be suppressed and sublated and in so doing rendering that which is often viewed as non- or pre-political, such as human-nature relations or gendered reproductive work, explicitly political.Less
Turns our attention to politics and discusses the potential for a ‘green republicanism’ as a viable, attractive, and pragmatic basis for green politics. It suggests that the republican account of the human political condition takes cognizance of vulnerability and in this way has an inherent concern with unsustainability. Its promotion of, inter alia, civic virtue, active and empowered citizenship, the promotion of ‘rough equality’, the creation of social solidarity, and a politics of the common good, has many of the features identified as constitutive of resilient communities as outlined in chapter 3. The civic republican focus on memorialization and remembrance resonates with the discussion in chapter 3 of the role of rituals, such as festivals and public holidays for example. Against the dangers of ‘sequestration’ , a green republicanism consciously seeks to bring to the fore those features of human life which are prone to be suppressed and sublated and in so doing rendering that which is often viewed as non- or pre-political, such as human-nature relations or gendered reproductive work, explicitly political.
David J. Bettez
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780813168012
- eISBN:
- 9780813168784
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813168012.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book focuses primarily on the Kentucky home front during World War I. It describes how Kentuckians responded to the outbreak of the war in Europe and their response after the United States ...
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This book focuses primarily on the Kentucky home front during World War I. It describes how Kentuckians responded to the outbreak of the war in Europe and their response after the United States entered the war in April 1917. Guided by the Kentucky Council of Defense, Kentuckians throughout the commonwealth, from small coal camps to large cities, generally supported the war through Liberty Loans, Red Cross campaigns, and efforts to conserve food and fuel. The book covers opposition to the war; the draft; the war’s effect on the economy; and how the war affected women, children, and African Americans. One chapter focuses on military camps, primarily the extensive new Camp Zachary Taylor south of Louisville. Other chapters examine the role of religion and higher education in support of the war. One chapter discusses Kentuckians who went abroad in military and civilian service. The final chapter covers the end of the war, the Spanish flu epidemic, and memorialization efforts after the war.Less
This book focuses primarily on the Kentucky home front during World War I. It describes how Kentuckians responded to the outbreak of the war in Europe and their response after the United States entered the war in April 1917. Guided by the Kentucky Council of Defense, Kentuckians throughout the commonwealth, from small coal camps to large cities, generally supported the war through Liberty Loans, Red Cross campaigns, and efforts to conserve food and fuel. The book covers opposition to the war; the draft; the war’s effect on the economy; and how the war affected women, children, and African Americans. One chapter focuses on military camps, primarily the extensive new Camp Zachary Taylor south of Louisville. Other chapters examine the role of religion and higher education in support of the war. One chapter discusses Kentuckians who went abroad in military and civilian service. The final chapter covers the end of the war, the Spanish flu epidemic, and memorialization efforts after the war.
Alexander T. Riley
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781479870479
- eISBN:
- 9781479809400
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479870479.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
When United Airlines Flight 93, the fourth plane hijacked in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, the gash it left in the ground became a ...
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When United Airlines Flight 93, the fourth plane hijacked in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, the gash it left in the ground became a national site of mourning. The flight's forty passengers became a media obsession, and countless books, movies, and articles told the tale of their heroic fight to band together and sacrifice their lives to stop Flight 93 from becoming a weapon of terror. This book argues that by memorializing these individuals as patriots, we have woven them into the much larger story of our nation—about what it means to be truly American. The book examines the symbolic impact and role of the Flight 93 disaster in the nation's collective consciousness, delving into the spontaneous memorialization efforts that blossomed in Shanksville immediately after news of the crash spread; the ad-hoc sites honoring the victims that in time emerged; and the creation of an official, permanent crash monument in Shanksville like those built for past American wars. The book also analyzes the cultural narratives that evolved in films and in books around the events on the day of the crash and the lives and deaths of its “angel patriot” passengers, uncovering how these representations of the event reflect the myth of the authentic American nation—one that Americans believed was gravely threatened in the 9/11 attacks. The book unveils how, in the wake of 9/11, America mourned much more than the loss of life.Less
When United Airlines Flight 93, the fourth plane hijacked in the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, crashed into a field near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, the gash it left in the ground became a national site of mourning. The flight's forty passengers became a media obsession, and countless books, movies, and articles told the tale of their heroic fight to band together and sacrifice their lives to stop Flight 93 from becoming a weapon of terror. This book argues that by memorializing these individuals as patriots, we have woven them into the much larger story of our nation—about what it means to be truly American. The book examines the symbolic impact and role of the Flight 93 disaster in the nation's collective consciousness, delving into the spontaneous memorialization efforts that blossomed in Shanksville immediately after news of the crash spread; the ad-hoc sites honoring the victims that in time emerged; and the creation of an official, permanent crash monument in Shanksville like those built for past American wars. The book also analyzes the cultural narratives that evolved in films and in books around the events on the day of the crash and the lives and deaths of its “angel patriot” passengers, uncovering how these representations of the event reflect the myth of the authentic American nation—one that Americans believed was gravely threatened in the 9/11 attacks. The book unveils how, in the wake of 9/11, America mourned much more than the loss of life.
Debbie Lisle
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780816698554
- eISBN:
- 9781452955278
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Minnesota Press
- DOI:
- 10.5749/minnesota/9780816698554.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
Holidays in the Danger Zone traces the usually overlooked connections between warfare and tourism. It shows how a tourist sensibility shapes the behaviour of soldiers in war – especially the ...
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Holidays in the Danger Zone traces the usually overlooked connections between warfare and tourism. It shows how a tourist sensibility shapes the behaviour of soldiers in war – especially the experiences of Western military populations deployed in ‘exotic’ settings. This tourist sensibility certainly includes the familiar military rotations of ‘Rest and Relaxation’ (R&R), but also more mundane episodes when soldiers transition from the battlefield into landscapes of leisure and tourism. The book also explores how a military sensibility shapes the development of tourism in post-war contexts, from the immediate instances of ‘Dark Tourism’ to the more established displays of conflict in museums, galleries and memorial sites. By focusing on the practices of soldiers as they become tourists and the experiences of tourists as they engage in representations of conflict, Holidays in the Danger Zone exposes the mundane and everyday entanglements between these two seemingly opposed worlds. It is primarily concerned with the extent to which war and tourism reinforce prevailing modes of domination within historically constituted global orders. To that end, it critically examines the war-tourism nexus as it developed through 19th Century Imperialism, the ‘total wars’ of WWI and WWII, the Cold War stalemate, Globalization in the 1990s and the recent War on Terror.Less
Holidays in the Danger Zone traces the usually overlooked connections between warfare and tourism. It shows how a tourist sensibility shapes the behaviour of soldiers in war – especially the experiences of Western military populations deployed in ‘exotic’ settings. This tourist sensibility certainly includes the familiar military rotations of ‘Rest and Relaxation’ (R&R), but also more mundane episodes when soldiers transition from the battlefield into landscapes of leisure and tourism. The book also explores how a military sensibility shapes the development of tourism in post-war contexts, from the immediate instances of ‘Dark Tourism’ to the more established displays of conflict in museums, galleries and memorial sites. By focusing on the practices of soldiers as they become tourists and the experiences of tourists as they engage in representations of conflict, Holidays in the Danger Zone exposes the mundane and everyday entanglements between these two seemingly opposed worlds. It is primarily concerned with the extent to which war and tourism reinforce prevailing modes of domination within historically constituted global orders. To that end, it critically examines the war-tourism nexus as it developed through 19th Century Imperialism, the ‘total wars’ of WWI and WWII, the Cold War stalemate, Globalization in the 1990s and the recent War on Terror.
Srila Roy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198081722
- eISBN:
- 9780199082223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198081722.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Politics, Social Movements and Social Change
This chapter considers both public and personal memorialization of political violence, a form of violence that is afforded a high degree of visibility as opposed to the violence that took place ...
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This chapter considers both public and personal memorialization of political violence, a form of violence that is afforded a high degree of visibility as opposed to the violence that took place within the Naxalite community. This visibility does not, however, guarantee the recognition or alleviation of individual suffering. On the contrary, the narratives of sacrifice and heroic resistance that infuse public forms of commemoration reinforce an imagined community in ways that preclude the possibility of individual mourning. This possibility is created, however, in other sites of memory such as poetry, reportage, fiction, and women’s memoirs. The final part of this chapter explores women’s testimonies of political violence suffered in police custody and prison in an attempt to theorize the complex labour of subjectivity, agency, and healing in the long afterlife of violence.Less
This chapter considers both public and personal memorialization of political violence, a form of violence that is afforded a high degree of visibility as opposed to the violence that took place within the Naxalite community. This visibility does not, however, guarantee the recognition or alleviation of individual suffering. On the contrary, the narratives of sacrifice and heroic resistance that infuse public forms of commemoration reinforce an imagined community in ways that preclude the possibility of individual mourning. This possibility is created, however, in other sites of memory such as poetry, reportage, fiction, and women’s memoirs. The final part of this chapter explores women’s testimonies of political violence suffered in police custody and prison in an attempt to theorize the complex labour of subjectivity, agency, and healing in the long afterlife of violence.
David Bunn
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520229488
- eISBN:
- 9780520927292
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520229488.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This chapter examines the representational power of graves in the Eastern Cape region in South Africa during colonial rule between 1840 and 1880. It suggests that during this period there was ...
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This chapter examines the representational power of graves in the Eastern Cape region in South Africa during colonial rule between 1840 and 1880. It suggests that during this period there was something of a reciprocal exchange that developed between British and Xhosa forms of memorialization. This exchange is evidenced by widespread obsession with the idea of the disinterred corpse and the increasing visibility of Xhosa graves as topographical features.Less
This chapter examines the representational power of graves in the Eastern Cape region in South Africa during colonial rule between 1840 and 1880. It suggests that during this period there was something of a reciprocal exchange that developed between British and Xhosa forms of memorialization. This exchange is evidenced by widespread obsession with the idea of the disinterred corpse and the increasing visibility of Xhosa graves as topographical features.
David J. Stewart
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813037349
- eISBN:
- 9780813041575
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813037349.001.0001
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Historical Archaeology
This study advances understanding of British and American maritime culture by exploring memorialization practices. Interpretations are based on analysis of more than 2,000 maritime memorials from ...
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This study advances understanding of British and American maritime culture by exploring memorialization practices. Interpretations are based on analysis of more than 2,000 maritime memorials from Great Britain and the United States. Research reveals three major themes in Anglo-American maritime memorialization. First, memorials show a striking concern for the dangers of life at sea. Numerous memorials describe the perils of the natural world and the group values that mariners developed to cope with the possibility of sudden death. Second, maritime communities faced the problem of commemorating those who never returned from the sea. Many sailors were lost at sea or died aboard. In the vast majority of such cases, the body was never returned home, and many did not receive a proper burial. As a result, family members and fellow sailors created memorials to honor the lost and to symbolically lay the deceased to rest. Evidence indicates, however, that such attempts were not entirely satisfactory. Many epitaphs lament the fact that empty graves cannot provide an adequate substitute for missing bodies. Finally, investigation reveals a significant increase in maritime religious sentiment beginning in the late eighteenth century, linked to religious reform movements. The prevalence of religious imagery and inscriptions on maritime memorials during this time, however, probably does not indicate that most sailors became religious. Rather, most religious maritime memorials were erected by sailors' families, who turned to religion as a source of comfort when faced with the deaths of loved ones at sea.Less
This study advances understanding of British and American maritime culture by exploring memorialization practices. Interpretations are based on analysis of more than 2,000 maritime memorials from Great Britain and the United States. Research reveals three major themes in Anglo-American maritime memorialization. First, memorials show a striking concern for the dangers of life at sea. Numerous memorials describe the perils of the natural world and the group values that mariners developed to cope with the possibility of sudden death. Second, maritime communities faced the problem of commemorating those who never returned from the sea. Many sailors were lost at sea or died aboard. In the vast majority of such cases, the body was never returned home, and many did not receive a proper burial. As a result, family members and fellow sailors created memorials to honor the lost and to symbolically lay the deceased to rest. Evidence indicates, however, that such attempts were not entirely satisfactory. Many epitaphs lament the fact that empty graves cannot provide an adequate substitute for missing bodies. Finally, investigation reveals a significant increase in maritime religious sentiment beginning in the late eighteenth century, linked to religious reform movements. The prevalence of religious imagery and inscriptions on maritime memorials during this time, however, probably does not indicate that most sailors became religious. Rather, most religious maritime memorials were erected by sailors' families, who turned to religion as a source of comfort when faced with the deaths of loved ones at sea.
Paul A. Shackel
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780252041990
- eISBN:
- 9780252050732
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252041990.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Economic History
The memorialization of Lattimer began immediately after the trial, and the UMWA claimed the martyrs as their own. Several early attempts to commemorate the event and erect a monument failed, and by ...
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The memorialization of Lattimer began immediately after the trial, and the UMWA claimed the martyrs as their own. Several early attempts to commemorate the event and erect a monument failed, and by World War I Lattimer faded from the national public memory. Citizens at the local level kept the story alive, and in 1972, union members and local stakeholders erected a monument at Lattimer. Labor organizers and politicians attended the seventy-fifth anniversary commemoration. Through the 1990s local religious leaders organized Roman Catholic Masses at the site on the massacre’s anniversary, and many of the clergy gave pro-labor, anti-neoliberal homilies. The local community and avocational historians have continued to debate the meaning of Lattimer and have focused on the event’s relationship to labor history versus ethnic history.Less
The memorialization of Lattimer began immediately after the trial, and the UMWA claimed the martyrs as their own. Several early attempts to commemorate the event and erect a monument failed, and by World War I Lattimer faded from the national public memory. Citizens at the local level kept the story alive, and in 1972, union members and local stakeholders erected a monument at Lattimer. Labor organizers and politicians attended the seventy-fifth anniversary commemoration. Through the 1990s local religious leaders organized Roman Catholic Masses at the site on the massacre’s anniversary, and many of the clergy gave pro-labor, anti-neoliberal homilies. The local community and avocational historians have continued to debate the meaning of Lattimer and have focused on the event’s relationship to labor history versus ethnic history.
Ellen Oxfeld
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520260948
- eISBN:
- 9780520945876
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520260948.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
Mourning, memorialization, and care of the dead: no one would dispute that these have long played a dominant role in China. Funerals are still a core ritual in Moonshadow Pond, although they have ...
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Mourning, memorialization, and care of the dead: no one would dispute that these have long played a dominant role in China. Funerals are still a core ritual in Moonshadow Pond, although they have been altered, recreated, and revised several times through the twists and turns of the Maoist and reform eras. This chapter asks what the role of funerals is in village life now and how residents of Moonshadow Pond understand them. It goes without saying that funerals in China are connected to obligation in morality. Many have found other factors at work in the time, energy, and attention that rural Chinese put into funerals, such as the fear of ancestral retribution, the desire to counteract the inauspiciousness of death, or the coveting of status among the living.Less
Mourning, memorialization, and care of the dead: no one would dispute that these have long played a dominant role in China. Funerals are still a core ritual in Moonshadow Pond, although they have been altered, recreated, and revised several times through the twists and turns of the Maoist and reform eras. This chapter asks what the role of funerals is in village life now and how residents of Moonshadow Pond understand them. It goes without saying that funerals in China are connected to obligation in morality. Many have found other factors at work in the time, energy, and attention that rural Chinese put into funerals, such as the fear of ancestral retribution, the desire to counteract the inauspiciousness of death, or the coveting of status among the living.
Naïma Hachad
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781789620221
- eISBN:
- 9781789623710
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781789620221.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
Chapter 3 contemplates the collective dimensions of testimonies by renowned victims of political violence, something that has been emphasized by previous studies. The analysis focuses on the literary ...
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Chapter 3 contemplates the collective dimensions of testimonies by renowned victims of political violence, something that has been emphasized by previous studies. The analysis focuses on the literary devices and content Menebhi, El Bouih, and Oufkir chose to merge their experience of political violence and resistance with the collective experiences of Moroccan women. The chapter questions the assumption that testimonial writing is an ‘extraliterary’ or ‘antiliterary’ discourse (Beverley, 2004, 42) and demonstrates the ethical and political limitations of the of the idea of a ‘collective testimonial self.’ It also integrates alternative testimonial documents that have not been previously analyzed, as well as recent studies on women and political violence and resistance during the Years of Lead. Because of this, this chapter revises and completes previous research on the Years of Lead in two major ways. First, it demonstrates that dividing resisters and victims in testimonies by renowned female political activists and former political prisoners can promote a simplistic account of women’s experiences, as well as articulate a very reductive representation of victimization and resistance. Second, it addresses how the narration and memorialization of violence are impacted by class, ethnicity, religion, language, and education level, important differentiating factors that intersect with gender.Less
Chapter 3 contemplates the collective dimensions of testimonies by renowned victims of political violence, something that has been emphasized by previous studies. The analysis focuses on the literary devices and content Menebhi, El Bouih, and Oufkir chose to merge their experience of political violence and resistance with the collective experiences of Moroccan women. The chapter questions the assumption that testimonial writing is an ‘extraliterary’ or ‘antiliterary’ discourse (Beverley, 2004, 42) and demonstrates the ethical and political limitations of the of the idea of a ‘collective testimonial self.’ It also integrates alternative testimonial documents that have not been previously analyzed, as well as recent studies on women and political violence and resistance during the Years of Lead. Because of this, this chapter revises and completes previous research on the Years of Lead in two major ways. First, it demonstrates that dividing resisters and victims in testimonies by renowned female political activists and former political prisoners can promote a simplistic account of women’s experiences, as well as articulate a very reductive representation of victimization and resistance. Second, it addresses how the narration and memorialization of violence are impacted by class, ethnicity, religion, language, and education level, important differentiating factors that intersect with gender.
