Thomas L. Pangle
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226642475
- eISBN:
- 9780226642505
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226642505.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
In a famous pronouncement, Cicero observes that prior to Socrates, philosophic science “dealt with number and motion, and that from which all things originate and into which they return, and studied ...
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In a famous pronouncement, Cicero observes that prior to Socrates, philosophic science “dealt with number and motion, and that from which all things originate and into which they return, and studied the size, distance between, and course of stars and of all celestial things”: it was Socrates who “was the first to call philosophy down from heaven and to set it in cities and to introduce it into the household and to compel it to inquire into life and mores and good and bad things.” Cicero follows above all the eyewitness presentation of Socrates by Xenophon, whose Socratic dialogue The Economist (Oikonomikos = “Skilled Household Manager”) Cicero translated into Latin. The aim of the present book (a sequel to The Socratic Way of Life: Xenophon’s Memorabilia) is to show how the account of Socrates in Xenophon’s Memorabilia—Xenophon’s longest and best known, but highly defensive, portrayal of Socrates—is decisively deepened as well as complemented by the three shorter writings that Xenophon devoted to portraying Socrates in action, as Socrates founded and initiated what has come to be known as political and moral philosophy.Less
In a famous pronouncement, Cicero observes that prior to Socrates, philosophic science “dealt with number and motion, and that from which all things originate and into which they return, and studied the size, distance between, and course of stars and of all celestial things”: it was Socrates who “was the first to call philosophy down from heaven and to set it in cities and to introduce it into the household and to compel it to inquire into life and mores and good and bad things.” Cicero follows above all the eyewitness presentation of Socrates by Xenophon, whose Socratic dialogue The Economist (Oikonomikos = “Skilled Household Manager”) Cicero translated into Latin. The aim of the present book (a sequel to The Socratic Way of Life: Xenophon’s Memorabilia) is to show how the account of Socrates in Xenophon’s Memorabilia—Xenophon’s longest and best known, but highly defensive, portrayal of Socrates—is decisively deepened as well as complemented by the three shorter writings that Xenophon devoted to portraying Socrates in action, as Socrates founded and initiated what has come to be known as political and moral philosophy.
Anna von der Goltz
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199570324
- eISBN:
- 9780191722240
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570324.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter discusses the sudden emergence of the Hindenburg myth after the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914. It shows that the German population played a central role in exalting this little-known ...
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This chapter discusses the sudden emergence of the Hindenburg myth after the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914. It shows that the German population played a central role in exalting this little-known General to mythical heights from below. Once public passion had caught fire, however, the government happily stoked the flames of the cult. The chapter examines popular manifestations of the Hindenburg myth in some detail, including memorabilia and the ‘Iron Hindenburg’ nailing statue erected in central Berlin in 1915. Special attention is also given to the myth's impact on Kaiser Wilhelm II's public standing. While the Kaiser's government actively encouraged Hindenburg's popularity, his myth quickly developed its own momentum; Hindenburg started to eclipse the Kaiser in the eyes of the public, eventually undermining the monarchical idea.Less
This chapter discusses the sudden emergence of the Hindenburg myth after the Battle of Tannenberg in 1914. It shows that the German population played a central role in exalting this little-known General to mythical heights from below. Once public passion had caught fire, however, the government happily stoked the flames of the cult. The chapter examines popular manifestations of the Hindenburg myth in some detail, including memorabilia and the ‘Iron Hindenburg’ nailing statue erected in central Berlin in 1915. Special attention is also given to the myth's impact on Kaiser Wilhelm II's public standing. While the Kaiser's government actively encouraged Hindenburg's popularity, his myth quickly developed its own momentum; Hindenburg started to eclipse the Kaiser in the eyes of the public, eventually undermining the monarchical idea.
Vivienne J. Gray
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199563814
- eISBN:
- 9780191724954
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199563814.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This book is about Xenophon's literary presentation of the leadership of individuals in their communities, from those of private households up to those of great empires. Leadership is his main ...
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This book is about Xenophon's literary presentation of the leadership of individuals in their communities, from those of private households up to those of great empires. Leadership is his main interest throughout his works, and the examination of the methods he uses to portray leadership gives us an insight into his general literary techniques. The main aim is to show that these techniques produce images of leaders that are rich in literary and conceptual interest and contribute to the literary theory of writing in prose. As part of this analysis, the book addresses readings that have found concealed criticism behind his apparently positive images of leadership in a majority of his works. These represent a dominant trend of literary criticism of Xenophon in our time and we can profit from engaging with them. They can be called ‘ironical’ or ‘subversive’ or ‘darker’ readings and they reflect the preoccupation of the modern world with irony. They reveal the democratic suspicion of leaders that is reflected in modern management theory, which finds leadership problematic because of its inherent drift to autocracy, but solves the dilemma by placing restrictions on the power of leaders, such as the need to secure assent from other members of the organization, and to give them self-determination, inclusiveness, equal participation and deliberation. Xenophon believed also that leaders were fundamental to the success of any organization, but he also knew the risk of the drift toward autocracy, and it will become clear in the course of the analysis that his theory placed restrictions on his leaders that are very like the ones mentioned above in connection with modern democratic management theory.Less
This book is about Xenophon's literary presentation of the leadership of individuals in their communities, from those of private households up to those of great empires. Leadership is his main interest throughout his works, and the examination of the methods he uses to portray leadership gives us an insight into his general literary techniques. The main aim is to show that these techniques produce images of leaders that are rich in literary and conceptual interest and contribute to the literary theory of writing in prose. As part of this analysis, the book addresses readings that have found concealed criticism behind his apparently positive images of leadership in a majority of his works. These represent a dominant trend of literary criticism of Xenophon in our time and we can profit from engaging with them. They can be called ‘ironical’ or ‘subversive’ or ‘darker’ readings and they reflect the preoccupation of the modern world with irony. They reveal the democratic suspicion of leaders that is reflected in modern management theory, which finds leadership problematic because of its inherent drift to autocracy, but solves the dilemma by placing restrictions on the power of leaders, such as the need to secure assent from other members of the organization, and to give them self-determination, inclusiveness, equal participation and deliberation. Xenophon believed also that leaders were fundamental to the success of any organization, but he also knew the risk of the drift toward autocracy, and it will become clear in the course of the analysis that his theory placed restrictions on his leaders that are very like the ones mentioned above in connection with modern democratic management theory.
Jeffrey Beneker
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695904
- eISBN:
- 9780191741319
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695904.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval, Ancient Greek, Roman, and Early Christian Philosophy
This chapter first considers the philosophical background to Plutarch's representation of erōs, enkrateia (self-control), and sōphrosynē (temperance). It examines Xenophon's Memorabilia to uncover ...
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This chapter first considers the philosophical background to Plutarch's representation of erōs, enkrateia (self-control), and sōphrosynē (temperance). It examines Xenophon's Memorabilia to uncover ethical terminology that is more general than what Plutarch set forth in On Moral Virtue (as examined in chapter 1), showing how Plutarch relied both upon technical definitions of self-control, based on Plato and Aristotle, and upon more conventional notions, similar to those espoused by Xenophon. The chapter then considers the political dimension to self-control, establishing that Plutarch shared the generally held belief that one's personal conduct, including restraint of erōs, was perceived to be indicative of how well one would perform as a military or political leader. The chapter concludes with an examination of the Agesilaus–Pompey, arguing that these heroes represent a middle ground, both ethically and politically, between the extreme self-control described in the Alexander–Caesarand the overwhelming passion found in the Demetrius–Antony.Less
This chapter first considers the philosophical background to Plutarch's representation of erōs, enkrateia (self-control), and sōphrosynē (temperance). It examines Xenophon's Memorabilia to uncover ethical terminology that is more general than what Plutarch set forth in On Moral Virtue (as examined in chapter 1), showing how Plutarch relied both upon technical definitions of self-control, based on Plato and Aristotle, and upon more conventional notions, similar to those espoused by Xenophon. The chapter then considers the political dimension to self-control, establishing that Plutarch shared the generally held belief that one's personal conduct, including restraint of erōs, was perceived to be indicative of how well one would perform as a military or political leader. The chapter concludes with an examination of the Agesilaus–Pompey, arguing that these heroes represent a middle ground, both ethically and politically, between the extreme self-control described in the Alexander–Caesarand the overwhelming passion found in the Demetrius–Antony.
Nicholas L. Paul
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450976
- eISBN:
- 9780801465987
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450976.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This epilogue discusses the apparent endurance of crusading enthusiasm in the families of King Henry II of England and King Alfonso II of Aragón at the dawning of the thirteenth century. More ...
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This epilogue discusses the apparent endurance of crusading enthusiasm in the families of King Henry II of England and King Alfonso II of Aragón at the dawning of the thirteenth century. More specifically, it considers how the nobility remained the lifeblood of the crusade movement long after royal governments and broader Christian society deened crusades to be impracticable and undesirable. Both Alfonso and Henry received appeals from within their lands and from outside to lead crusades. In those appeals, their crusading ancestry played a central role. However, the two men died without having acquitted themselves of the crusading responsibilities that were seen as incumbent on them. The chapter also examines some of the changes in crusading practices, including the end of the age of the great dynastic narrative works devoted to the lineage of noble families after the first quarter of the thirteenth century. Finally, it takes note of the fact that the mechanisms developed by noble families—the vibrant, living traditions based on storytelling and crusading memorabilia—continued.Less
This epilogue discusses the apparent endurance of crusading enthusiasm in the families of King Henry II of England and King Alfonso II of Aragón at the dawning of the thirteenth century. More specifically, it considers how the nobility remained the lifeblood of the crusade movement long after royal governments and broader Christian society deened crusades to be impracticable and undesirable. Both Alfonso and Henry received appeals from within their lands and from outside to lead crusades. In those appeals, their crusading ancestry played a central role. However, the two men died without having acquitted themselves of the crusading responsibilities that were seen as incumbent on them. The chapter also examines some of the changes in crusading practices, including the end of the age of the great dynastic narrative works devoted to the lineage of noble families after the first quarter of the thirteenth century. Finally, it takes note of the fact that the mechanisms developed by noble families—the vibrant, living traditions based on storytelling and crusading memorabilia—continued.
Thomas L. Pangle
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226642475
- eISBN:
- 9780226642505
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226642505.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
The most obvious limitation of, or constraint upon, the Memorabilia is that the work is overwhelmingly defensive—in purpose, message, and tone. To demonstrate that Socrates lived in accordance with ...
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The most obvious limitation of, or constraint upon, the Memorabilia is that the work is overwhelmingly defensive—in purpose, message, and tone. To demonstrate that Socrates lived in accordance with unwritten as well as written lawful custom (nomos), Xenophon highlights throughout the Memorabilia all the ways in which Socrates through his virtues—not only of justice, but of piety and self-control and moderation and prudence—resembled conventionally respectable “gentlemen”. In contrast, the three shorter Socratic writings of Xenophon, led by The Economist, make more vivid how Socrates, in his virtues, or in his peculiar version of “gentlemanliness,” and in his conception of scientific household management or “economics,” diverges from normal gentlemen: from their virtues, from their “nobility-and-goodness,” and from their ideas of sound household management and governmental rule over fellow human beings. In the shorter Socratic writings, both Xenophon and his Socrates are somewhat less guarded, less reticent, more forthcoming than in the Memorabilia.Less
The most obvious limitation of, or constraint upon, the Memorabilia is that the work is overwhelmingly defensive—in purpose, message, and tone. To demonstrate that Socrates lived in accordance with unwritten as well as written lawful custom (nomos), Xenophon highlights throughout the Memorabilia all the ways in which Socrates through his virtues—not only of justice, but of piety and self-control and moderation and prudence—resembled conventionally respectable “gentlemen”. In contrast, the three shorter Socratic writings of Xenophon, led by The Economist, make more vivid how Socrates, in his virtues, or in his peculiar version of “gentlemanliness,” and in his conception of scientific household management or “economics,” diverges from normal gentlemen: from their virtues, from their “nobility-and-goodness,” and from their ideas of sound household management and governmental rule over fellow human beings. In the shorter Socratic writings, both Xenophon and his Socrates are somewhat less guarded, less reticent, more forthcoming than in the Memorabilia.
István Hargittai and Magdolna Hargittai
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198769873
- eISBN:
- 9780191822681
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198769873.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This book introduces the reader to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in all the five boroughs of New York City—statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artifacts. In addition, it ...
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This book introduces the reader to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in all the five boroughs of New York City—statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artifacts. In addition, it extends to some scientists and institutions currently operating in the city. New York is a world center of commerce, finance, communications, transportation, and culture, and it is also a world center in science. It is home to worldrenowned universities and research laboratories, a museum of natural history and other museums related to science, a science academy, historical societies, botanical gardens and zoos, libraries, and a hall of science as well as a large number of world-renowned scientists. The eight chapters of the book cover the following areas. 1 Explorers and Naturalists; 2 Scientists and Innovators; 3 Learning: A sampler of high schools and some of their famous graduates; 4 Aiming Higher in Education: Colleges of City University and New York University; 5 City of Medicine: Biomedical research, teaching, and clinical institutions; 6 The Rockefeller University; 7 Columbia University; and 8 Roaming the Streets: Memorabilia related to science in public places. The book, illustrated by over eight hundred photographs, will induce the readers to make their own discoveries in New York.Less
This book introduces the reader to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in all the five boroughs of New York City—statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artifacts. In addition, it extends to some scientists and institutions currently operating in the city. New York is a world center of commerce, finance, communications, transportation, and culture, and it is also a world center in science. It is home to worldrenowned universities and research laboratories, a museum of natural history and other museums related to science, a science academy, historical societies, botanical gardens and zoos, libraries, and a hall of science as well as a large number of world-renowned scientists. The eight chapters of the book cover the following areas. 1 Explorers and Naturalists; 2 Scientists and Innovators; 3 Learning: A sampler of high schools and some of their famous graduates; 4 Aiming Higher in Education: Colleges of City University and New York University; 5 City of Medicine: Biomedical research, teaching, and clinical institutions; 6 The Rockefeller University; 7 Columbia University; and 8 Roaming the Streets: Memorabilia related to science in public places. The book, illustrated by over eight hundred photographs, will induce the readers to make their own discoveries in New York.
Ian Bradley
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195328943
- eISBN:
- 9780199851256
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328943.003.0005
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
Like the sons of Gama Rex in Princess Ida, devotees of Gilbert and Sullivan are, on the whole, masculine in sex. The male bias is particularly evident among what might be called the ‘inner ...
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Like the sons of Gama Rex in Princess Ida, devotees of Gilbert and Sullivan are, on the whole, masculine in sex. The male bias is particularly evident among what might be called the ‘inner brotherhood’, that company of enthusiasts who border on the obsessive, collect G & S memorabilia, write books on the subject, know every nuance of every recording, and sit in theatres waiting for a wrong word in a patter song or a move which deviates from the D'Oyly Carte norm. But even in the wider circle of G & S fans, men predominate over women. This chapter holds that the archetypal G & S fan is male, middle-aged, middle-class, and of middle income. He is also quite likely to be a Methodist.Less
Like the sons of Gama Rex in Princess Ida, devotees of Gilbert and Sullivan are, on the whole, masculine in sex. The male bias is particularly evident among what might be called the ‘inner brotherhood’, that company of enthusiasts who border on the obsessive, collect G & S memorabilia, write books on the subject, know every nuance of every recording, and sit in theatres waiting for a wrong word in a patter song or a move which deviates from the D'Oyly Carte norm. But even in the wider circle of G & S fans, men predominate over women. This chapter holds that the archetypal G & S fan is male, middle-aged, middle-class, and of middle income. He is also quite likely to be a Methodist.
Phil Pastras
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520215238
- eISBN:
- 9780520929739
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520215238.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
When Ferdinand “Jelly Roll” Morton sat at the piano in the Library of Congress in May of 1938 to begin his monumental series of interviews with Alan Lomax, he spoke of his years on the West Coast ...
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When Ferdinand “Jelly Roll” Morton sat at the piano in the Library of Congress in May of 1938 to begin his monumental series of interviews with Alan Lomax, he spoke of his years on the West Coast with great nostalgia. He had arrived in Los Angeles more than twenty years earlier, but he recounted his losses as vividly as though they had occurred just recently. The greatest loss was his separation from Anita Gonzales, by his own account “the only woman I ever loved,” to whom he left almost all of his royalties in his will. This book sets the record straight on the two periods (1917–1923 and 1940–1941) that Jelly Roll Morton spent on the West Coast. In addition to rechecking sources, correcting mistakes in scholarly accounts, and situating eyewitness narratives within the histories of New Orleans or Los Angeles, the book offers an interpretation of the life and work of Morton, one of the most important and influential early practitioners of jazz. The discovery of a previously unknown collection of memorabilia—including a 58-page scrapbook compiled by Morton himself—sheds new light on Morton's personal and artistic development, as well as on the crucial role played by Anita Gonzales. Morton's artistic development as a pianist, composer, and bandleader is traced. The book examines the complexities of racial identity for Morton and his circle, his belief in voodoo, his relationships with women, his style of performance, and his roots in black musical traditions.Less
When Ferdinand “Jelly Roll” Morton sat at the piano in the Library of Congress in May of 1938 to begin his monumental series of interviews with Alan Lomax, he spoke of his years on the West Coast with great nostalgia. He had arrived in Los Angeles more than twenty years earlier, but he recounted his losses as vividly as though they had occurred just recently. The greatest loss was his separation from Anita Gonzales, by his own account “the only woman I ever loved,” to whom he left almost all of his royalties in his will. This book sets the record straight on the two periods (1917–1923 and 1940–1941) that Jelly Roll Morton spent on the West Coast. In addition to rechecking sources, correcting mistakes in scholarly accounts, and situating eyewitness narratives within the histories of New Orleans or Los Angeles, the book offers an interpretation of the life and work of Morton, one of the most important and influential early practitioners of jazz. The discovery of a previously unknown collection of memorabilia—including a 58-page scrapbook compiled by Morton himself—sheds new light on Morton's personal and artistic development, as well as on the crucial role played by Anita Gonzales. Morton's artistic development as a pianist, composer, and bandleader is traced. The book examines the complexities of racial identity for Morton and his circle, his belief in voodoo, his relationships with women, his style of performance, and his roots in black musical traditions.
Stephen V. Tracy
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520256033
- eISBN:
- 9780520943629
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520256033.003.0011
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
The life of the speech writer Lysias straddled the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. Born about 450 B.C., in his formative years Lysias must have been aware of Pericles, whether he personally had ...
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The life of the speech writer Lysias straddled the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. Born about 450 B.C., in his formative years Lysias must have been aware of Pericles, whether he personally had direct contact with him or not. Lysias's wealthy mercantile family was from the city of Syracuse in Sicily and acquired metic or resident alien status in Athens. Neither Xenophon nor Plato, whose prolific writing careers date to the first half of the fourth century B.C., can have known Pericles personally. In the opening sections of the Memorabilia, Xenophon seeks to defend Socrates against the charges laid against him, mainly those of impiety and of corrupting the youth of the city. For Plato, Pericles suffered from the failings endemic to all political leaders: he had not devoted his life to philosophy, to the pursuit of wisdom. Nevertheless, he did stand out among them as one of the best of a flawed breed.Less
The life of the speech writer Lysias straddled the fifth and fourth centuries B.C. Born about 450 B.C., in his formative years Lysias must have been aware of Pericles, whether he personally had direct contact with him or not. Lysias's wealthy mercantile family was from the city of Syracuse in Sicily and acquired metic or resident alien status in Athens. Neither Xenophon nor Plato, whose prolific writing careers date to the first half of the fourth century B.C., can have known Pericles personally. In the opening sections of the Memorabilia, Xenophon seeks to defend Socrates against the charges laid against him, mainly those of impiety and of corrupting the youth of the city. For Plato, Pericles suffered from the failings endemic to all political leaders: he had not devoted his life to philosophy, to the pursuit of wisdom. Nevertheless, he did stand out among them as one of the best of a flawed breed.
THOMAS K. HUBBARD
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520223813
- eISBN:
- 9780520936508
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520223813.003.0006
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
This chapter discusses homosexuality in Greek philosophical texts. Same-gender love among males is a recurring topic in Greek philosophical discourse of the fourth century B.C.E. and later. Fragments ...
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This chapter discusses homosexuality in Greek philosophical texts. Same-gender love among males is a recurring topic in Greek philosophical discourse of the fourth century B.C.E. and later. Fragments from Memorabilia, Charmides, Lysis, Gorgias, Symposium, Phaedrus, Prior Analytics, Nicomachean Ethics, On Regimen, Problems, Diogenes of Sinope, Bion of Borysthenes, Theodorus of Cyrene, Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta, Outlines of Pyrrhonism, and Against Heretical Sects are provided as well.Less
This chapter discusses homosexuality in Greek philosophical texts. Same-gender love among males is a recurring topic in Greek philosophical discourse of the fourth century B.C.E. and later. Fragments from Memorabilia, Charmides, Lysis, Gorgias, Symposium, Phaedrus, Prior Analytics, Nicomachean Ethics, On Regimen, Problems, Diogenes of Sinope, Bion of Borysthenes, Theodorus of Cyrene, Stoicorum Veterum Fragmenta, Outlines of Pyrrhonism, and Against Heretical Sects are provided as well.
Nicholas L. Paul
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450976
- eISBN:
- 9780801465987
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450976.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This chapter examines the material framework around which social memory of the early crusaders was constructed. Precious cloth in general, and silk in particular, was easy to carry, and would have ...
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This chapter examines the material framework around which social memory of the early crusaders was constructed. Precious cloth in general, and silk in particular, was easy to carry, and would have made useful currency. After their return from crusading expeditions in the later twelfth century, Henry the Lion, William Marshal, and William de Mandeville would make presents to their friends and relatives of lengths of silk obtained in the East. The chapter first considers the power and meaning of commemorative objects such as relics and trophies before discussing the personal items carried by crusaders in early expeditions, including weapons, armor, liveries, banners, and other fine materials. It then looks at the use of crusade memorabilia in ceremonies, as well as chapels and collegiate churches as repositories of crusade memorabilia.Less
This chapter examines the material framework around which social memory of the early crusaders was constructed. Precious cloth in general, and silk in particular, was easy to carry, and would have made useful currency. After their return from crusading expeditions in the later twelfth century, Henry the Lion, William Marshal, and William de Mandeville would make presents to their friends and relatives of lengths of silk obtained in the East. The chapter first considers the power and meaning of commemorative objects such as relics and trophies before discussing the personal items carried by crusaders in early expeditions, including weapons, armor, liveries, banners, and other fine materials. It then looks at the use of crusade memorabilia in ceremonies, as well as chapels and collegiate churches as repositories of crusade memorabilia.
Albert Sergio Laguna
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781479836017
- eISBN:
- 9781479820306
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479836017.003.0004
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Cultural Studies
This chapter takes up a concept that has achieved a kind of keyword status in Cuban American Studies: nostalgia. The chapter tracks nostalgia not as an ambivalent sentiment but as a public form of ...
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This chapter takes up a concept that has achieved a kind of keyword status in Cuban American Studies: nostalgia. The chapter tracks nostalgia not as an ambivalent sentiment but as a public form of diversión, paying special attention to a festival held annually since 1999 in Miami called Cuba Nostalgia. Since 1999, Cuba Nostalgia has celebrated pre-Castro Cuba through a combination of spectacle and consumption. Musical genres popular before the Revolution play while businesses dedicated to selling Cuban memorabilia dot the fairgrounds. With the demographics of Cuban Miami rapidly shifting, Cuba Nostalgia offers not only a means for reveling in nostalgic memories of a pre-Castro Cuba but also a nostalgia for nostalgia—a longing for a feeling that could be counted on to rally a community historically fractured across class and political lines. The event is a kind of monument in motion to an idealized memory of a united, exilic Miami as that generation fades. Through an examination of the event’s focus on education and consumption, this chapter theorizes the ways in which generations of Cubans intersect and interact with this narrative of pre-Castro Cuba in order to reveal the transnational and future-oriented stakes of nostalgia.Less
This chapter takes up a concept that has achieved a kind of keyword status in Cuban American Studies: nostalgia. The chapter tracks nostalgia not as an ambivalent sentiment but as a public form of diversión, paying special attention to a festival held annually since 1999 in Miami called Cuba Nostalgia. Since 1999, Cuba Nostalgia has celebrated pre-Castro Cuba through a combination of spectacle and consumption. Musical genres popular before the Revolution play while businesses dedicated to selling Cuban memorabilia dot the fairgrounds. With the demographics of Cuban Miami rapidly shifting, Cuba Nostalgia offers not only a means for reveling in nostalgic memories of a pre-Castro Cuba but also a nostalgia for nostalgia—a longing for a feeling that could be counted on to rally a community historically fractured across class and political lines. The event is a kind of monument in motion to an idealized memory of a united, exilic Miami as that generation fades. Through an examination of the event’s focus on education and consumption, this chapter theorizes the ways in which generations of Cubans intersect and interact with this narrative of pre-Castro Cuba in order to reveal the transnational and future-oriented stakes of nostalgia.
Cele C. Otnes and Pauline Maclaran
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780520273658
- eISBN:
- 9780520962149
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520273658.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, European Cultural Anthropology
This chapter illustrates the importance of the royal family to Margaret Tyler, a dedicated collector of all things royal, whose home in London contains more than ten thousand pieces of royal family ...
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This chapter illustrates the importance of the royal family to Margaret Tyler, a dedicated collector of all things royal, whose home in London contains more than ten thousand pieces of royal family memorabilia. As a collector, business owner, and media expert, Margaret performs a variety of social roles that help shape other consumers’ experiences of the RFBC. From historian to brand ambassador, Margaret’s passion ensures she is widely sought after and valued for her knowledge on the royal family, especially by the international media. She has become a minor celebrity in her own right, frequently appearing in the press and on television as “Britain’s loyalist royalist.”Less
This chapter illustrates the importance of the royal family to Margaret Tyler, a dedicated collector of all things royal, whose home in London contains more than ten thousand pieces of royal family memorabilia. As a collector, business owner, and media expert, Margaret performs a variety of social roles that help shape other consumers’ experiences of the RFBC. From historian to brand ambassador, Margaret’s passion ensures she is widely sought after and valued for her knowledge on the royal family, especially by the international media. She has become a minor celebrity in her own right, frequently appearing in the press and on television as “Britain’s loyalist royalist.”
Cele C. Otnes and Pauline Maclaran
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780520273658
- eISBN:
- 9780520962149
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520273658.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, European Cultural Anthropology
This chapter focuses on how the RFBC consistently intersects with the marketplace in ways both in and out of royal control. From visiting traditional manufacturers and merchants who bear royal ...
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This chapter focuses on how the RFBC consistently intersects with the marketplace in ways both in and out of royal control. From visiting traditional manufacturers and merchants who bear royal warrants to snapping up endless varieties of commemoratives in souvenir shops, people can experience the intersection of marketing and the monarchy in myriad ways. The RFBC’s interface with commerce through the granting of royal warrants dates back many centuries. Yet the strategic decision to develop their own consumer brands (such as the Windsor Farm Shops) is a much newer phenomenon, and, in part, reflects the growing pressure on the royal family to contribute in some meaningful way to Britain’s economy. Other marketplace intersections with royalty are outside the control of the RFBC, such as auctions and internet sites that deal in royal memorabilia and have the power to present the RFBC in less positive ways.Less
This chapter focuses on how the RFBC consistently intersects with the marketplace in ways both in and out of royal control. From visiting traditional manufacturers and merchants who bear royal warrants to snapping up endless varieties of commemoratives in souvenir shops, people can experience the intersection of marketing and the monarchy in myriad ways. The RFBC’s interface with commerce through the granting of royal warrants dates back many centuries. Yet the strategic decision to develop their own consumer brands (such as the Windsor Farm Shops) is a much newer phenomenon, and, in part, reflects the growing pressure on the royal family to contribute in some meaningful way to Britain’s economy. Other marketplace intersections with royalty are outside the control of the RFBC, such as auctions and internet sites that deal in royal memorabilia and have the power to present the RFBC in less positive ways.
Steven Rutledge
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199573233
- eISBN:
- 9780191804441
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199573233.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
In antiquity, Rome represented one of the world's great cultural capitals. The city constituted a collective repository for various commemoratives, cultural artefacts, and curiosities, not to mention ...
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In antiquity, Rome represented one of the world's great cultural capitals. The city constituted a collective repository for various commemoratives, cultural artefacts, and curiosities, not to mention plunder taken in war, and over its history became what we might call a ‘museum city’. This book considers how cultural objects and memorabilia both from Rome and its empire came to reflect a specific Roman identity and, in some instances, to even construct or challenge Roman perceptions of power and of the self. The book argues that Roman cultural values and identity are indicated in part by what sort of materials Romans deemed worthy of display and how they chose to display, view, and preserve them. Grounded in the growing field of museum studies, this book includes a discussion on private acquisition of cultural property and asks how well the Roman community at large understood the meaning and history behind various objects and memorabilia. Of particular importance was the use of collections by a number of emperors in the further establishment of their legitimacy and authority. Through an examination of specific cultural objects, the book questions how they came to reflect or even perpetuate Roman values and identity.Less
In antiquity, Rome represented one of the world's great cultural capitals. The city constituted a collective repository for various commemoratives, cultural artefacts, and curiosities, not to mention plunder taken in war, and over its history became what we might call a ‘museum city’. This book considers how cultural objects and memorabilia both from Rome and its empire came to reflect a specific Roman identity and, in some instances, to even construct or challenge Roman perceptions of power and of the self. The book argues that Roman cultural values and identity are indicated in part by what sort of materials Romans deemed worthy of display and how they chose to display, view, and preserve them. Grounded in the growing field of museum studies, this book includes a discussion on private acquisition of cultural property and asks how well the Roman community at large understood the meaning and history behind various objects and memorabilia. Of particular importance was the use of collections by a number of emperors in the further establishment of their legitimacy and authority. Through an examination of specific cultural objects, the book questions how they came to reflect or even perpetuate Roman values and identity.
István Hargittai and Magdolna Hargittai
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780198719076
- eISBN:
- 9780191788420
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198719076.001.0001
- Subject:
- Physics, History of Physics
This guidebook introduces the reader—the scientific tourist and others—to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in Budapest—statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artefacts. ...
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This guidebook introduces the reader—the scientific tourist and others—to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in Budapest—statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artefacts. According to the Hungarian–American Nobel laureate Albert Szent-Györgyi, this metropolis at the crossroads of Europe has a special atmosphere of respect for science. It has been the venue of numerous scientific achievements and the cradle, literally, of many individuals who in Hungary, and even more beyond its borders became world-renowned contributors to science and culture. Six of the eight chapters of the book cover the Hungarian Nobel laureates, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the university, the medical school, agricultural sciences, and technology and engineering. One chapter is about selected gimnáziums from which seven Nobel laureates (Szent-Györgyi, de Hevesy, Wigner, Gabor, Harsanyi, Olah, and Kertész) and the five “Martians of Science” (von Kármán, Szilard, Wigner, von Neumann, and Teller) had graduated. The concluding chapter is devoted to scientist martyrs of the Holocaust. A special feature in surveying Hungarian science is the contributions of scientists that left their homeland before their careers blossomed and made their seminal discoveries elsewhere, especially in Great Britain and the United States. The book covers the memorabilia referring to both émigré scientists and those that remained in Hungary.Less
This guidebook introduces the reader—the scientific tourist and others—to the visible memorabilia of science and scientists in Budapest—statues, busts, plaques, buildings, and other artefacts. According to the Hungarian–American Nobel laureate Albert Szent-Györgyi, this metropolis at the crossroads of Europe has a special atmosphere of respect for science. It has been the venue of numerous scientific achievements and the cradle, literally, of many individuals who in Hungary, and even more beyond its borders became world-renowned contributors to science and culture. Six of the eight chapters of the book cover the Hungarian Nobel laureates, the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, the university, the medical school, agricultural sciences, and technology and engineering. One chapter is about selected gimnáziums from which seven Nobel laureates (Szent-Györgyi, de Hevesy, Wigner, Gabor, Harsanyi, Olah, and Kertész) and the five “Martians of Science” (von Kármán, Szilard, Wigner, von Neumann, and Teller) had graduated. The concluding chapter is devoted to scientist martyrs of the Holocaust. A special feature in surveying Hungarian science is the contributions of scientists that left their homeland before their careers blossomed and made their seminal discoveries elsewhere, especially in Great Britain and the United States. The book covers the memorabilia referring to both émigré scientists and those that remained in Hungary.
Robert Germany
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198738732
- eISBN:
- 9780191803017
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198738732.003.0004
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, History of Art: pre-history, BCE to 500CE, ancient and classical, Byzantine
After examining the role of verisimilitude in the discourse of mimetic contagion, this chapter addresses the anxieties expressed by Xenophon’s Socrates and Aristotle about the ethically persuasive ...
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After examining the role of verisimilitude in the discourse of mimetic contagion, this chapter addresses the anxieties expressed by Xenophon’s Socrates and Aristotle about the ethically persuasive effect of deleterious art on the young and shows these to be philosophical refinements of concepts recognizable from Chapter 2. Next it turns to the aspects of Platonic mimesis that relate directly to mimetic contagion. Some two decades after his infamously suspicious treatment of mimesis in the Republic, Plato revisits the theme of mimesis and, more specifically, of mimetic contagion in the Timaeus. This chapter’s reading of the Timaeus work shows how the ongoing propagation of images from artefact to viewer contributes to a partial recuperation of the concept of mimesis in Plato’s thought, and it also reveals an important connection between Timaeus’ description of the structure of the universe and Critias’ account of the generational propagation of the Atlantis story.Less
After examining the role of verisimilitude in the discourse of mimetic contagion, this chapter addresses the anxieties expressed by Xenophon’s Socrates and Aristotle about the ethically persuasive effect of deleterious art on the young and shows these to be philosophical refinements of concepts recognizable from Chapter 2. Next it turns to the aspects of Platonic mimesis that relate directly to mimetic contagion. Some two decades after his infamously suspicious treatment of mimesis in the Republic, Plato revisits the theme of mimesis and, more specifically, of mimetic contagion in the Timaeus. This chapter’s reading of the Timaeus work shows how the ongoing propagation of images from artefact to viewer contributes to a partial recuperation of the concept of mimesis in Plato’s thought, and it also reveals an important connection between Timaeus’ description of the structure of the universe and Critias’ account of the generational propagation of the Atlantis story.