BENJAMIN ARNOLD
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199272211
- eISBN:
- 9780191709999
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199272211.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
The social, legal, and economic arrangements that most directly affected the daily lives of the great majority of the population in medieval Germany were those set up and enforced between the ...
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The social, legal, and economic arrangements that most directly affected the daily lives of the great majority of the population in medieval Germany were those set up and enforced between the peasants and the landowners who were their lords. In the great variety of its forms and in its evolution, the organisation of the manor provided the landowners with the type of controls that they desired. But peasants were not rightless either, and the demands of lords were to some extent curtailed by what could realistically be demanded in a relatively backward agrarian structure. The reaction of peasant society to what was undoubtedly an exploitative system ranged from the intelligently cooperative over to armed resistance. Such controls are evident in the structure of the medieval manor.Less
The social, legal, and economic arrangements that most directly affected the daily lives of the great majority of the population in medieval Germany were those set up and enforced between the peasants and the landowners who were their lords. In the great variety of its forms and in its evolution, the organisation of the manor provided the landowners with the type of controls that they desired. But peasants were not rightless either, and the demands of lords were to some extent curtailed by what could realistically be demanded in a relatively backward agrarian structure. The reaction of peasant society to what was undoubtedly an exploitative system ranged from the intelligently cooperative over to armed resistance. Such controls are evident in the structure of the medieval manor.
Joseph Shatzmiller
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691156996
- eISBN:
- 9781400846092
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691156996.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter offers a testimonial to the influence that success had on the development of the aesthetic taste of Jewish financiers. It describes the decorations in an apartment discovered in the ...
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This chapter offers a testimonial to the influence that success had on the development of the aesthetic taste of Jewish financiers. It describes the decorations in an apartment discovered in the mid-1990s in the city of Zurich. In this apartment, between the years 1320 and 1330, lived the family of the exceedingly rich Rabbi Moses ben Menahem, the spiritual leader of the city's small community who is well known today to rabbinic scholars. Today, almost all of the modern scholars' knowledge about the inner life of the Jews of medieval Germany depends on rabbinic writings and on religious objects that survived the centuries, while knowing close to nothing about other trends that were part of their culture.Less
This chapter offers a testimonial to the influence that success had on the development of the aesthetic taste of Jewish financiers. It describes the decorations in an apartment discovered in the mid-1990s in the city of Zurich. In this apartment, between the years 1320 and 1330, lived the family of the exceedingly rich Rabbi Moses ben Menahem, the spiritual leader of the city's small community who is well known today to rabbinic scholars. Today, almost all of the modern scholars' knowledge about the inner life of the Jews of medieval Germany depends on rabbinic writings and on religious objects that survived the centuries, while knowing close to nothing about other trends that were part of their culture.
Alfred Haverkamp
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198221722
- eISBN:
- 9780191678486
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198221722.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Medieval History
This is a revised and updated edition of a major history of an important period in German and European history, starting with the accession of Henry IV to the German throne in 1056, taking in the ...
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This is a revised and updated edition of a major history of an important period in German and European history, starting with the accession of Henry IV to the German throne in 1056, taking in the reign of the energetic and successful Frederick Barbarossa (1152–90), and culminating with the election of Rudolf Habsburg, who reimposed order following the fall of the Hohenstaufens. The German empire stretched from Rome to Pomerania, and from Hainaut to Silesia; its history is of major significance for the politics of Europe, for the expansion of Latin Christendom, and for the fortunes of the Papacy. Every aspect of its internal life is covered: economic growth and population increase, education, trade and industry, the church and religious life. Political development and accompanying social changes are examined and placed in their European context. This book provides a guide to the complex and generally unfamiliar history of medieval Germany.Less
This is a revised and updated edition of a major history of an important period in German and European history, starting with the accession of Henry IV to the German throne in 1056, taking in the reign of the energetic and successful Frederick Barbarossa (1152–90), and culminating with the election of Rudolf Habsburg, who reimposed order following the fall of the Hohenstaufens. The German empire stretched from Rome to Pomerania, and from Hainaut to Silesia; its history is of major significance for the politics of Europe, for the expansion of Latin Christendom, and for the fortunes of the Papacy. Every aspect of its internal life is covered: economic growth and population increase, education, trade and industry, the church and religious life. Political development and accompanying social changes are examined and placed in their European context. This book provides a guide to the complex and generally unfamiliar history of medieval Germany.
Haym Soloveitchik
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- February 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781904113973
- eISBN:
- 9781800341104
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781904113973.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
This chapter presents the author's essay on the relationship between the ban on benefiting in any manner from yein nesekh and the fateful Jewish involvement in moneylending. Jewish law strictly ...
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This chapter presents the author's essay on the relationship between the ban on benefiting in any manner from yein nesekh and the fateful Jewish involvement in moneylending. Jewish law strictly enjoins trade in Gentile wine (setam yeinam). Jews in medieval Germany lived in wine-growing areas and both payment in kind and trade in wine were ubiquitous. A report from the mid-tenth century states that a compromise was reached. Wine would be accepted as payment of a debt, but not as an object of trade. Surprisingly enough, the injunction against trade was, to all appearances, upheld until at least the beginning of the fourteenth century. Even the German Pietists, who castigated their communities unceasingly for every imaginable sin, make no mention of trade in Gentile wine. Indeed, the aversion to Gentile wine assumed the dimension of a taboo.Less
This chapter presents the author's essay on the relationship between the ban on benefiting in any manner from yein nesekh and the fateful Jewish involvement in moneylending. Jewish law strictly enjoins trade in Gentile wine (setam yeinam). Jews in medieval Germany lived in wine-growing areas and both payment in kind and trade in wine were ubiquitous. A report from the mid-tenth century states that a compromise was reached. Wine would be accepted as payment of a debt, but not as an object of trade. Surprisingly enough, the injunction against trade was, to all appearances, upheld until at least the beginning of the fourteenth century. Even the German Pietists, who castigated their communities unceasingly for every imaginable sin, make no mention of trade in Gentile wine. Indeed, the aversion to Gentile wine assumed the dimension of a taboo.
Duncan Hardy
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198827252
- eISBN:
- 9780191866180
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198827252.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History, European Early Modern History
Interpretations of the Holy Roman Empire have always been fraught and contested, particularly regarding the late medieval and early modern period. German historians have offered two main ...
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Interpretations of the Holy Roman Empire have always been fraught and contested, particularly regarding the late medieval and early modern period. German historians have offered two main interpretations of the Empire in recent decades. The first sees it as a patchwork of territorial states, and the second as a Reichsverfassung: a constitutional system characterized by disjunctive or oppositional forces. This Introduction sets out how this book will re-conceptualize the Empire as a more coherent political entity, using Upper Germany as a wide-ranging case study. Viewed comparatively, the evidence from the period between 1346 and 1521 suggests that all kinds of political actors shared in the same structures, dynamics, and assumptions—the same ‘political culture’. In particular, elites constantly interacted within the framework of associations such as alliances and leagues, which are the main focus of this book, and force us to view the Empire as a more interconnected political landscape.Less
Interpretations of the Holy Roman Empire have always been fraught and contested, particularly regarding the late medieval and early modern period. German historians have offered two main interpretations of the Empire in recent decades. The first sees it as a patchwork of territorial states, and the second as a Reichsverfassung: a constitutional system characterized by disjunctive or oppositional forces. This Introduction sets out how this book will re-conceptualize the Empire as a more coherent political entity, using Upper Germany as a wide-ranging case study. Viewed comparatively, the evidence from the period between 1346 and 1521 suggests that all kinds of political actors shared in the same structures, dynamics, and assumptions—the same ‘political culture’. In particular, elites constantly interacted within the framework of associations such as alliances and leagues, which are the main focus of this book, and force us to view the Empire as a more interconnected political landscape.
Peter Godman
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- November 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780198719229
- eISBN:
- 9780191788499
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198719229.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies, Early and Medieval Literature
This book is about one of the most famous and least understood authors of the Latin Middle Ages. We know him by the pseudonym of Archpoet. Setting his world and his works in their historical ...
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This book is about one of the most famous and least understood authors of the Latin Middle Ages. We know him by the pseudonym of Archpoet. Setting his world and his works in their historical contexts, the book argues that they provide insight into a brilliant counter-culture of medieval Germany. Its subtlest exponent did not indulge in literary play but refashioned the political, social, and religious roles available to a twelfth-century thinker in order to create, for himself and his patron, an identity alternative to the norms of clerical conformity prevalent elsewhere in Europe. At a time when Germans were being decried as backward barbarians, he produced a manifesto of intellectual heterodoxy which wittily challenged the truth-claims made by humourless moralists. The Archpoet and Medieval Culture reconsiders the categories in which the literature of the Middle Ages is interpreted and suggests a less literal mode of reading the sources to historians.Less
This book is about one of the most famous and least understood authors of the Latin Middle Ages. We know him by the pseudonym of Archpoet. Setting his world and his works in their historical contexts, the book argues that they provide insight into a brilliant counter-culture of medieval Germany. Its subtlest exponent did not indulge in literary play but refashioned the political, social, and religious roles available to a twelfth-century thinker in order to create, for himself and his patron, an identity alternative to the norms of clerical conformity prevalent elsewhere in Europe. At a time when Germans were being decried as backward barbarians, he produced a manifesto of intellectual heterodoxy which wittily challenged the truth-claims made by humourless moralists. The Archpoet and Medieval Culture reconsiders the categories in which the literature of the Middle Ages is interpreted and suggests a less literal mode of reading the sources to historians.
