Donald L. Horowitz
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199244348
- eISBN:
- 9780191599866
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199244340.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
Horowitz's chapter is critical of the consociational aspects of Northern Ireland's Agreement. It views the ‘grand coalition’ executive at the heart of the Agreement as unwieldy because it includes ...
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Horowitz's chapter is critical of the consociational aspects of Northern Ireland's Agreement. It views the ‘grand coalition’ executive at the heart of the Agreement as unwieldy because it includes the extremes, particularly Sinn Fein. The chapter describes the commitments contained in the Agreement as maximalists, and argues that these commitments will rebound, when they are not delivered, to the advantage of militants. Horowitz prefers, for Northern Ireland and elsewhere, what he calls an ‘incentives’ approach. The likeliest and most stable coalition resulting from this is one that includes moderates and excludes militants.Less
Horowitz's chapter is critical of the consociational aspects of Northern Ireland's Agreement. It views the ‘grand coalition’ executive at the heart of the Agreement as unwieldy because it includes the extremes, particularly Sinn Fein. The chapter describes the commitments contained in the Agreement as maximalists, and argues that these commitments will rebound, when they are not delivered, to the advantage of militants. Horowitz prefers, for Northern Ireland and elsewhere, what he calls an ‘incentives’ approach. The likeliest and most stable coalition resulting from this is one that includes moderates and excludes militants.
LESTER L. GRABBE
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264010
- eISBN:
- 9780191734946
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264010.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
A lot of people write on the history of ancient Israel, from biblical scholars to archaeologists and social scientists. However, most such writers are not historians and often do not understand what ...
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A lot of people write on the history of ancient Israel, from biblical scholars to archaeologists and social scientists. However, most such writers are not historians and often do not understand what a proper historical investigation should look like. This has been the bane of the history of Israel: that most of those who write on history are ultimately not interested in history as such. This chapter examines some issues relating to scholarly debate that are not always understood because they relate to approaches and attitudes, yet which are often more important in the direction taken by debate than the actual issues of data and specific scholarly method. These issues include minimalism vs. maximalism, whether the United Monarchy ever existed, ad hominem arguments by conservative evangelicals, and the forgery of antiquities.Less
A lot of people write on the history of ancient Israel, from biblical scholars to archaeologists and social scientists. However, most such writers are not historians and often do not understand what a proper historical investigation should look like. This has been the bane of the history of Israel: that most of those who write on history are ultimately not interested in history as such. This chapter examines some issues relating to scholarly debate that are not always understood because they relate to approaches and attitudes, yet which are often more important in the direction taken by debate than the actual issues of data and specific scholarly method. These issues include minimalism vs. maximalism, whether the United Monarchy ever existed, ad hominem arguments by conservative evangelicals, and the forgery of antiquities.
Barry Dainton
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199288847
- eISBN:
- 9780191710742
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199288847.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
What is the relationship between an embodied human subject and the human animal which sustains the subject's mental capacities? After distinguishing the main ingredients of phenomenal embodiment ...
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What is the relationship between an embodied human subject and the human animal which sustains the subject's mental capacities? After distinguishing the main ingredients of phenomenal embodiment (seeming to have a body), an account of embodiment itself is developed which does not require subjects actually to be in their bodies. In recent years, a number of philosophers have argued that neo-Lockean accounts of the self inevitably double the number of subjects there actually are — this is sometimes called the ‘too many subjects’ problem. How one answers this objection depends on the stance one takes on other issues, e.g., some take the self to occupy just a part of its body, others say selves and their bodies exactly coincide (‘minimalism’ v. ‘maximalism’). The C-theory is not restricted to any one conception of embodiment, but it is most naturally construed along minimalist lines.Less
What is the relationship between an embodied human subject and the human animal which sustains the subject's mental capacities? After distinguishing the main ingredients of phenomenal embodiment (seeming to have a body), an account of embodiment itself is developed which does not require subjects actually to be in their bodies. In recent years, a number of philosophers have argued that neo-Lockean accounts of the self inevitably double the number of subjects there actually are — this is sometimes called the ‘too many subjects’ problem. How one answers this objection depends on the stance one takes on other issues, e.g., some take the self to occupy just a part of its body, others say selves and their bodies exactly coincide (‘minimalism’ v. ‘maximalism’). The C-theory is not restricted to any one conception of embodiment, but it is most naturally construed along minimalist lines.
Hilarion Alfeyev
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198270096
- eISBN:
- 9780191683893
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198270096.003.0012
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This book has demonstrated that all major ideas of Symeon the New Theologian are rooted in Orthodox tradition and that his teaching corresponds to the ideas of preceding Fathers, including Gregory ...
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This book has demonstrated that all major ideas of Symeon the New Theologian are rooted in Orthodox tradition and that his teaching corresponds to the ideas of preceding Fathers, including Gregory Nazianzen and Symeon the Studite. It can also be asserted that the ideal of ‘living according to the Gospel’ was a cantus firmus of the whole of patristic theology and that Symeon repeated what had been preached from age to age by the church Fathers. It can be claimed that Symeon's mysticism is a part of the mystical experience of the Orthodox Church and that the same sort of experience was the driving force behind the development of Orthodox theology. It can be maintained, after all, that Symeon's maximalism reflected in fact the general approach of the Christian tradition and the maximalism of Jesus Christ. What distinguishes Symeon from the majority of other church Fathers is his autobiographical approach to mystical themes, in particular his openness in description of his own visions of the divine light.Less
This book has demonstrated that all major ideas of Symeon the New Theologian are rooted in Orthodox tradition and that his teaching corresponds to the ideas of preceding Fathers, including Gregory Nazianzen and Symeon the Studite. It can also be asserted that the ideal of ‘living according to the Gospel’ was a cantus firmus of the whole of patristic theology and that Symeon repeated what had been preached from age to age by the church Fathers. It can be claimed that Symeon's mysticism is a part of the mystical experience of the Orthodox Church and that the same sort of experience was the driving force behind the development of Orthodox theology. It can be maintained, after all, that Symeon's maximalism reflected in fact the general approach of the Christian tradition and the maximalism of Jesus Christ. What distinguishes Symeon from the majority of other church Fathers is his autobiographical approach to mystical themes, in particular his openness in description of his own visions of the divine light.
Anna Kornbluh
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226653204
- eISBN:
- 9780226653488
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226653488.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
This chapter explores the connections between Dickens’s Bleak House and developments in calculus around the concept of the limit. Apparently limitless, an eminently maximalist text, endlessly ...
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This chapter explores the connections between Dickens’s Bleak House and developments in calculus around the concept of the limit. Apparently limitless, an eminently maximalist text, endlessly esteemed as “massive,” pedestaled as the very archetype of realism, Bleak House famously encompasses the biggest city in the nineteenth century and the foundational institution underwriting it: the law. Yet the form of this novel turns out to be conspicuously delimited in ways that pinpoint a surprising minimalism: bounded settings, a tight repertoire of architectural tropes, a small cast of pivotal actors, incomplete plotting, and the iconic split narration whittle and winnow this novel’s amplitude. The chapter shows that limits in an aesthetic or social sense have often been understood as exclusive, but that their mathematical sense can help us to see their inclusiveness, what they generate and enable. Limits stipple the shapes of social space into perceptibly high relief. If you want to build, you have to start somewhere.Less
This chapter explores the connections between Dickens’s Bleak House and developments in calculus around the concept of the limit. Apparently limitless, an eminently maximalist text, endlessly esteemed as “massive,” pedestaled as the very archetype of realism, Bleak House famously encompasses the biggest city in the nineteenth century and the foundational institution underwriting it: the law. Yet the form of this novel turns out to be conspicuously delimited in ways that pinpoint a surprising minimalism: bounded settings, a tight repertoire of architectural tropes, a small cast of pivotal actors, incomplete plotting, and the iconic split narration whittle and winnow this novel’s amplitude. The chapter shows that limits in an aesthetic or social sense have often been understood as exclusive, but that their mathematical sense can help us to see their inclusiveness, what they generate and enable. Limits stipple the shapes of social space into perceptibly high relief. If you want to build, you have to start somewhere.
Douglas W. Portmore
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190945350
- eISBN:
- 9780190945381
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190945350.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
The book concerns what is, perhaps, the least controversial normative principle concerning action: you ought to perform your best option—best, that is, in terms of whatever ultimately matters. The ...
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The book concerns what is, perhaps, the least controversial normative principle concerning action: you ought to perform your best option—best, that is, in terms of whatever ultimately matters. The book sets aside the question of what ultimately matters so as to focus on the following questions. What are our options? Which options do we assess directly in terms of their own goodness and which do we assess in terms of the goodness of the more encompassing options of which they’re a proper part? What do we hold fixed when assessing how good an option is? Do we, for instance, hold fixed the agent’s present beliefs, desires, and intentions? And do we hold fixed the agent’s predictable future misbehavior? The book argues that addressing these sorts of questions is the key to solving certain puzzles concerning what we ought to do, including those involving supererogation, indeterminate outcomes, overdetermined outcomes, and predictable future misbehavior. One of the book’s more controversial theses is that we have obligations not only to voluntarily perform certain actions, but also to nonvoluntarily form certain reasons-responsive attitudes (e.g., desires, beliefs, and intentions). This is important because what effect an act will have on the world depends not only on which acts the agent will simultaneously and subsequently be performing but also on which attitudes she will simultaneously and subsequently be forming.Less
The book concerns what is, perhaps, the least controversial normative principle concerning action: you ought to perform your best option—best, that is, in terms of whatever ultimately matters. The book sets aside the question of what ultimately matters so as to focus on the following questions. What are our options? Which options do we assess directly in terms of their own goodness and which do we assess in terms of the goodness of the more encompassing options of which they’re a proper part? What do we hold fixed when assessing how good an option is? Do we, for instance, hold fixed the agent’s present beliefs, desires, and intentions? And do we hold fixed the agent’s predictable future misbehavior? The book argues that addressing these sorts of questions is the key to solving certain puzzles concerning what we ought to do, including those involving supererogation, indeterminate outcomes, overdetermined outcomes, and predictable future misbehavior. One of the book’s more controversial theses is that we have obligations not only to voluntarily perform certain actions, but also to nonvoluntarily form certain reasons-responsive attitudes (e.g., desires, beliefs, and intentions). This is important because what effect an act will have on the world depends not only on which acts the agent will simultaneously and subsequently be performing but also on which attitudes she will simultaneously and subsequently be forming.
Laurence Senelick and Sergei Ostrovsky
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780300194760
- eISBN:
- 9780300211351
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300194760.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter is about events in the history of Soviet theater and arts from 1926 to 1927. During the period, a real attempt was made to bring the theater completely under Party control by appointing ...
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This chapter is about events in the history of Soviet theater and arts from 1926 to 1927. During the period, a real attempt was made to bring the theater completely under Party control by appointing Communists as producers and administrators; establishing “artistic councils” within the theater; and emphasizing the role of “activist” groups such as Party, Komsomol, and trade unions to wage “civil war in the theater” and end the “spiritual New Economic Policy (NÉP).” Meyerhold's Inspector General was the dominant production of this transitional period, marking the apogee of his power and influence. The stripped-down and minimalist mechanism of his earlier productions was replaced by opulence and maximalism.Less
This chapter is about events in the history of Soviet theater and arts from 1926 to 1927. During the period, a real attempt was made to bring the theater completely under Party control by appointing Communists as producers and administrators; establishing “artistic councils” within the theater; and emphasizing the role of “activist” groups such as Party, Komsomol, and trade unions to wage “civil war in the theater” and end the “spiritual New Economic Policy (NÉP).” Meyerhold's Inspector General was the dominant production of this transitional period, marking the apogee of his power and influence. The stripped-down and minimalist mechanism of his earlier productions was replaced by opulence and maximalism.
Patrick Jagoda
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226346489
- eISBN:
- 9780226346656
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226346656.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
The network novel is a late-twentieth-century literary genre that reworks and intensifies the cultural concerns regarding a world interconnected by communication and transportation networks, and made ...
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The network novel is a late-twentieth-century literary genre that reworks and intensifies the cultural concerns regarding a world interconnected by communication and transportation networks, and made unprecedentedly dependent upon an informational economy. This chapter examines two novels—Don DeLillo’s Underworld (1997) and Neal Stephenson’s Cryptonomicon (1999)—that foreground the maximal capacities of network aesthetics. When read together, these texts disclose both the novel form’s epistemological capacity to know networks and to record the structural impossibility of knowing networks through language alone. These novels open up a series of concepts that network form encourages us to think in new ways, including the “knowledge,” “history,” “event,” and “materiality.” The various clashes of formal logics in these texts run parallel to paradoxical sociopolitical logics inherent in the discourse and material practices associated with US networks of late capitalism.Less
The network novel is a late-twentieth-century literary genre that reworks and intensifies the cultural concerns regarding a world interconnected by communication and transportation networks, and made unprecedentedly dependent upon an informational economy. This chapter examines two novels—Don DeLillo’s Underworld (1997) and Neal Stephenson’s Cryptonomicon (1999)—that foreground the maximal capacities of network aesthetics. When read together, these texts disclose both the novel form’s epistemological capacity to know networks and to record the structural impossibility of knowing networks through language alone. These novels open up a series of concepts that network form encourages us to think in new ways, including the “knowledge,” “history,” “event,” and “materiality.” The various clashes of formal logics in these texts run parallel to paradoxical sociopolitical logics inherent in the discourse and material practices associated with US networks of late capitalism.
Peter Franklin
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780520280397
- eISBN:
- 9780520958036
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520280397.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
Negotiating Taruskin's concept of maximalism, this chapter explains the character of the period covered and establishes the subject as that of art and its audience in the age of modernism. The book's ...
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Negotiating Taruskin's concept of maximalism, this chapter explains the character of the period covered and establishes the subject as that of art and its audience in the age of modernism. The book's argument is contextualized with reference to the theories in Richard Leppert's The Sight of Sound and John Carey's The Intellectuals and the Masses. There is also an attempt to explore the nuances of an understanding of romanticism through discussion of a key text by Wackenroder. This facilitates a better sense of what might be “late” romantic about Mahler's Second Symphony, a critical discussion of which, linked to the author's experience of hearing it for the first time, occupies the closing section of the chapter.Less
Negotiating Taruskin's concept of maximalism, this chapter explains the character of the period covered and establishes the subject as that of art and its audience in the age of modernism. The book's argument is contextualized with reference to the theories in Richard Leppert's The Sight of Sound and John Carey's The Intellectuals and the Masses. There is also an attempt to explore the nuances of an understanding of romanticism through discussion of a key text by Wackenroder. This facilitates a better sense of what might be “late” romantic about Mahler's Second Symphony, a critical discussion of which, linked to the author's experience of hearing it for the first time, occupies the closing section of the chapter.
Mark Jago
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- June 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198823810
- eISBN:
- 9780191862595
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198823810.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Logic/Philosophy of Mathematics, Philosophy of Language
If the theory of truth as truthmaking is to be plausible, then all truths must have a truthmaker. This is truthmaker maximalism. It is a difficult idea to defend (§3.1), and existing arguments for it ...
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If the theory of truth as truthmaking is to be plausible, then all truths must have a truthmaker. This is truthmaker maximalism. It is a difficult idea to defend (§3.1), and existing arguments for it are not sufficiently strong (§3.2). I’ll offer a more powerful argument, showing that the maximalist’s opponent is committed to a maximalist ontology (§3.4, §3.6). I consider some objections to the argument in §3.5.Less
If the theory of truth as truthmaking is to be plausible, then all truths must have a truthmaker. This is truthmaker maximalism. It is a difficult idea to defend (§3.1), and existing arguments for it are not sufficiently strong (§3.2). I’ll offer a more powerful argument, showing that the maximalist’s opponent is committed to a maximalist ontology (§3.4, §3.6). I consider some objections to the argument in §3.5.
Jack Lee Downey
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780823265435
- eISBN:
- 9780823266906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823265435.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This epilogue examines Dorothy Day's absolute pacifism as part of her maximalist practical theology. It considers the pacifist form-of-life that Day defended in the face of World War II and how it ...
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This epilogue examines Dorothy Day's absolute pacifism as part of her maximalist practical theology. It considers the pacifist form-of-life that Day defended in the face of World War II and how it corresponded to her evangelical poverty as both a form of witness and technique for forming Christian conscience. From its inception in 1933, the Catholic Worker movement hit the streets with a distinctive amalgamation of radical politics and maximalist Christian spirituality, maintaining a dogged opposition to all forms of militarism as an evangelical sign of contradiction against the prevailing “just war” traditions that dominated Catholic moral theology and international policy. This chapter discusses the influence of Lacouturisme—largely under the stewardship of John Hugo—along with Peter Maurin and other critical interventions in Day's spiritual development on Christian maximalism that became the hallmark of the Catholic Worker personalism.Less
This epilogue examines Dorothy Day's absolute pacifism as part of her maximalist practical theology. It considers the pacifist form-of-life that Day defended in the face of World War II and how it corresponded to her evangelical poverty as both a form of witness and technique for forming Christian conscience. From its inception in 1933, the Catholic Worker movement hit the streets with a distinctive amalgamation of radical politics and maximalist Christian spirituality, maintaining a dogged opposition to all forms of militarism as an evangelical sign of contradiction against the prevailing “just war” traditions that dominated Catholic moral theology and international policy. This chapter discusses the influence of Lacouturisme—largely under the stewardship of John Hugo—along with Peter Maurin and other critical interventions in Day's spiritual development on Christian maximalism that became the hallmark of the Catholic Worker personalism.
Josh Dever
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- February 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198801856
- eISBN:
- 9780191840418
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198801856.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
If we distinguish between the conceptual engineering task of determining what concepts can be built and the conceptual ethics task of determining what concepts ought to be used once built, we make ...
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If we distinguish between the conceptual engineering task of determining what concepts can be built and the conceptual ethics task of determining what concepts ought to be used once built, we make clear the possibility of a conceptual maximalist position that avoids conceptual ethics by holding that the norms of theorizing require a big theory including all truths expressible using any concepts. But the conceptual maximalist then assumes the burden of saying what the range of possible concepts (equivalently, possible languages) is. Despite the attractions of conceptual maximalism, we lack even the beginnings of an answer to the question of what concepts there could be.Less
If we distinguish between the conceptual engineering task of determining what concepts can be built and the conceptual ethics task of determining what concepts ought to be used once built, we make clear the possibility of a conceptual maximalist position that avoids conceptual ethics by holding that the norms of theorizing require a big theory including all truths expressible using any concepts. But the conceptual maximalist then assumes the burden of saying what the range of possible concepts (equivalently, possible languages) is. Despite the attractions of conceptual maximalism, we lack even the beginnings of an answer to the question of what concepts there could be.
Mike D'Errico
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780190943301
- eISBN:
- 9780190943349
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190943301.003.0002
- Subject:
- Music, History, American, Popular
The global rise of electronic dance music (EDM) in the 2010s coincided with a renaissance in music software development and the entertainment industries more broadly. Like so many technologies ...
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The global rise of electronic dance music (EDM) in the 2010s coincided with a renaissance in music software development and the entertainment industries more broadly. Like so many technologies throughout the history of the music products industry, the widespread use of software such as Image-Line’s FL Studio sparked renewed conversations about how the perceived financial accessibility and the user-friendly nature of music software has revolutionized how music gets produced and distributed. This chapter details the relationship between the design of FL Studio, neoliberal capitalism, and the toxic masculinity that permeated EDM in the early twenty-first century. It contextualizes the aesthetic desire among producers to integrate a vast array of media and technologies into their creative workflow within the broader consumerist milieu of digital maximalism—a philosophy that says that the more connected you are, the better.Less
The global rise of electronic dance music (EDM) in the 2010s coincided with a renaissance in music software development and the entertainment industries more broadly. Like so many technologies throughout the history of the music products industry, the widespread use of software such as Image-Line’s FL Studio sparked renewed conversations about how the perceived financial accessibility and the user-friendly nature of music software has revolutionized how music gets produced and distributed. This chapter details the relationship between the design of FL Studio, neoliberal capitalism, and the toxic masculinity that permeated EDM in the early twenty-first century. It contextualizes the aesthetic desire among producers to integrate a vast array of media and technologies into their creative workflow within the broader consumerist milieu of digital maximalism—a philosophy that says that the more connected you are, the better.
Fred Dallmayr
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190670979
- eISBN:
- 9780190671006
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190670979.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory, Democratization
Recent times have seen resolute efforts seeking to reconcile Asian traditions with democracy, specifically by bending some hierarchical features of the past in the direction of the qualitative ...
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Recent times have seen resolute efforts seeking to reconcile Asian traditions with democracy, specifically by bending some hierarchical features of the past in the direction of the qualitative equality and relationality demanded in our age. The chapter concentrates on debates in several Asian countries, including China, about the compatibility of Confucian teachings with the democratic requirement of equal citizenship. The chapter distinguishes between a minimalist, a maximalist, and a balanced approach. In the first case, Confucian teachings are restricted to the purely private sphere removed from public life. This model robs Confucianism of the crucial element of social relationality. In the second type, Confucianism is elevated to a dominant creed, in violation of the constitutive openness (or emptiness) of the democratic public space. The last version rejects this totalizing ambition, but without abandoning Confucianism’s educational and socializing qualities, thus arriving at a social-democratic vision.Less
Recent times have seen resolute efforts seeking to reconcile Asian traditions with democracy, specifically by bending some hierarchical features of the past in the direction of the qualitative equality and relationality demanded in our age. The chapter concentrates on debates in several Asian countries, including China, about the compatibility of Confucian teachings with the democratic requirement of equal citizenship. The chapter distinguishes between a minimalist, a maximalist, and a balanced approach. In the first case, Confucian teachings are restricted to the purely private sphere removed from public life. This model robs Confucianism of the crucial element of social relationality. In the second type, Confucianism is elevated to a dominant creed, in violation of the constitutive openness (or emptiness) of the democratic public space. The last version rejects this totalizing ambition, but without abandoning Confucianism’s educational and socializing qualities, thus arriving at a social-democratic vision.
Ben Masters
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- December 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198766148
- eISBN:
- 9780191820731
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198766148.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism, Criticism/Theory
The introduction shows how a general suspicion of stylistic flamboyance in post-war England led writers like Anthony Burgess, Angela Carter, and Martin Amis to feel at odds with English literary ...
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The introduction shows how a general suspicion of stylistic flamboyance in post-war England led writers like Anthony Burgess, Angela Carter, and Martin Amis to feel at odds with English literary culture. Reconsidering these writers as sophisticated stylists and ethicists—the ‘stylists of excess’—the introduction outlines the major arguments of the ethical turn in literary criticism, describing some of the general antagonisms between the humanist revival and the new ethics, before suggesting a literary ethics that borrows from both without over-relying on notions of character and interiority (contra the ‘humanist revival’), and that returns the author to centre-stage (contra the ‘new ethics’). It proposes an expansive approach to style in order to appreciate the stylists of excess: for example, style as perception; style as a way of knowing and being in the world; and style as the expression of an ethical sensibility that can affect the reader.Less
The introduction shows how a general suspicion of stylistic flamboyance in post-war England led writers like Anthony Burgess, Angela Carter, and Martin Amis to feel at odds with English literary culture. Reconsidering these writers as sophisticated stylists and ethicists—the ‘stylists of excess’—the introduction outlines the major arguments of the ethical turn in literary criticism, describing some of the general antagonisms between the humanist revival and the new ethics, before suggesting a literary ethics that borrows from both without over-relying on notions of character and interiority (contra the ‘humanist revival’), and that returns the author to centre-stage (contra the ‘new ethics’). It proposes an expansive approach to style in order to appreciate the stylists of excess: for example, style as perception; style as a way of knowing and being in the world; and style as the expression of an ethical sensibility that can affect the reader.
Douglas W. Portmore
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190945350
- eISBN:
- 9780190945381
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190945350.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
The problem of act versions arises because one’s best option can be a version of a bad option. For instance, kissing passionately is a version of kissing. But it may be that although kissing ...
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The problem of act versions arises because one’s best option can be a version of a bad option. For instance, kissing passionately is a version of kissing. But it may be that although kissing passionately is one’s best option, kissing is a bad option. For it could be that, as a matter of fact, one would kiss nonpassionately if one were to kiss. This chapter argues that the best solution to this problem lies with adopting maximalism. On this view, the only options that have their deontic status in virtue of their own goodness are maximal options—options that are entailed only by evaluatively equivalent options (those being options that are identical in terms of whatever ultimately matters). According to maximalism, then, one ought to kiss even if one would, as a matter of fact, kiss nonpassionately. On this view, one ought to kiss, because one ought to kiss passionately, and kissing passionately entails kissing.Less
The problem of act versions arises because one’s best option can be a version of a bad option. For instance, kissing passionately is a version of kissing. But it may be that although kissing passionately is one’s best option, kissing is a bad option. For it could be that, as a matter of fact, one would kiss nonpassionately if one were to kiss. This chapter argues that the best solution to this problem lies with adopting maximalism. On this view, the only options that have their deontic status in virtue of their own goodness are maximal options—options that are entailed only by evaluatively equivalent options (those being options that are identical in terms of whatever ultimately matters). According to maximalism, then, one ought to kiss even if one would, as a matter of fact, kiss nonpassionately. On this view, one ought to kiss, because one ought to kiss passionately, and kissing passionately entails kissing.
Douglas W. Portmore
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190945350
- eISBN:
- 9780190945381
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190945350.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Maximalism forces us to deny either that we ought to do whatever we have most reason to do or that how much reason there is to perform a given option is directly proportional to how good that option ...
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Maximalism forces us to deny either that we ought to do whatever we have most reason to do or that how much reason there is to perform a given option is directly proportional to how good that option is. In this chapter, I argue that we should deny the latter. We should instead hold that how much reason there is to perform a given option is directly proportional to how good the best version of that option is. Thus, how much reason I have to kiss my partner is not a function of, say, the bad consequences that would result from my doing so (for assume that I would in fact kiss her nonpassionately if I were to kiss her), but a function of the good consequences that would result from my kissing her passionately.Less
Maximalism forces us to deny either that we ought to do whatever we have most reason to do or that how much reason there is to perform a given option is directly proportional to how good that option is. In this chapter, I argue that we should deny the latter. We should instead hold that how much reason there is to perform a given option is directly proportional to how good the best version of that option is. Thus, how much reason I have to kiss my partner is not a function of, say, the bad consequences that would result from my doing so (for assume that I would in fact kiss her nonpassionately if I were to kiss her), but a function of the good consequences that would result from my kissing her passionately.
Douglas W. Portmore
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- July 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190945350
- eISBN:
- 9780190945381
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190945350.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
This chapter demonstrates how rationalism, maximalism, and teleology operate together to determine the deontic statuses of our options. And the chapter explains what rationalist teleological ...
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This chapter demonstrates how rationalism, maximalism, and teleology operate together to determine the deontic statuses of our options. And the chapter explains what rationalist teleological maximalism’s main virtues are. Last, the chapter explains why it’s important to work out the structure of our normative theories.Less
This chapter demonstrates how rationalism, maximalism, and teleology operate together to determine the deontic statuses of our options. And the chapter explains what rationalist teleological maximalism’s main virtues are. Last, the chapter explains why it’s important to work out the structure of our normative theories.
Hugh Nicholson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190455347
- eISBN:
- 9780190455361
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190455347.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter concerns the classic Christological problem of how Jesus came to be worshipped as God. It contrasts two basic types of explanation: internalist or “developmental” theories that regard ...
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This chapter concerns the classic Christological problem of how Jesus came to be worshipped as God. It contrasts two basic types of explanation: internalist or “developmental” theories that regard Christological development as an unfolding of the inner logic of Christian experience or way of life, and externalist or “evolutionary” theories that attribute this development to the interaction between the Christian movement and various cultural forces from without. The chapter argues in favor of the latter, externalist view. Specifically, it defends the thesis that the upward tendency of Christological development can be explained in terms of early Christian efforts to differentiate themselves from other Jewish communities. Even after Christian and Jewish communities had “parted ways,” representations of the Jewish “other” remain integral to Christian identity formation as rival Christian groups contend for exclusive rights over the Christian name.Less
This chapter concerns the classic Christological problem of how Jesus came to be worshipped as God. It contrasts two basic types of explanation: internalist or “developmental” theories that regard Christological development as an unfolding of the inner logic of Christian experience or way of life, and externalist or “evolutionary” theories that attribute this development to the interaction between the Christian movement and various cultural forces from without. The chapter argues in favor of the latter, externalist view. Specifically, it defends the thesis that the upward tendency of Christological development can be explained in terms of early Christian efforts to differentiate themselves from other Jewish communities. Even after Christian and Jewish communities had “parted ways,” representations of the Jewish “other” remain integral to Christian identity formation as rival Christian groups contend for exclusive rights over the Christian name.
George Cotkin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- December 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780190218478
- eISBN:
- 9780190218508
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190218478.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century, Cultural History
The chapter traces Cage’s central role in the development of a new sensibility through his musical and artistic experimentation. In 1952 he produced a work of extreme minimalism, 4ʹ33ʺ, which is ...
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The chapter traces Cage’s central role in the development of a new sensibility through his musical and artistic experimentation. In 1952 he produced a work of extreme minimalism, 4ʹ33ʺ, which is about silence opening up listeners to new sounds in their environment. In his excessively maximalist work Theater Piece no. 1, the first happening, performers read poetry, danced, played records, showed slides, and much more in an act of spontaneous experimentation. The chapter fits Cage within the context of the New York City avant-garde and examines his use of the I Ching as a method for composition.Less
The chapter traces Cage’s central role in the development of a new sensibility through his musical and artistic experimentation. In 1952 he produced a work of extreme minimalism, 4ʹ33ʺ, which is about silence opening up listeners to new sounds in their environment. In his excessively maximalist work Theater Piece no. 1, the first happening, performers read poetry, danced, played records, showed slides, and much more in an act of spontaneous experimentation. The chapter fits Cage within the context of the New York City avant-garde and examines his use of the I Ching as a method for composition.