Marie‐Louise Coolahan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199567652
- eISBN:
- 9780191722011
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199567652.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature, Women's Literature
This chapter explores the importation into Ireland of English literary culture by Anne Southwell and Katherine Philips. It argues that the social mechanisms of English manuscript culture are adapted ...
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This chapter explores the importation into Ireland of English literary culture by Anne Southwell and Katherine Philips. It argues that the social mechanisms of English manuscript culture are adapted in order to build and maintain relationships among the New English elite. The Irish contexts for both poets' work are discussed. Southwell's poetry is considered in its planter context. It is argued that Philips modified her literary strategies for the Restoration Dublin court. The anonymous Philo‐Philippa's poem in praise of Philips is discussed in light of its welcoming of these new poetic paradigms and its meditation on the nature of gender and authorship. Both Southwell and Philips, it is argued, used Ireland as a site for literary experimentation, transplanting the literary strategies they developed in Ireland back to London and Wales when they left.Less
This chapter explores the importation into Ireland of English literary culture by Anne Southwell and Katherine Philips. It argues that the social mechanisms of English manuscript culture are adapted in order to build and maintain relationships among the New English elite. The Irish contexts for both poets' work are discussed. Southwell's poetry is considered in its planter context. It is argued that Philips modified her literary strategies for the Restoration Dublin court. The anonymous Philo‐Philippa's poem in praise of Philips is discussed in light of its welcoming of these new poetic paradigms and its meditation on the nature of gender and authorship. Both Southwell and Philips, it is argued, used Ireland as a site for literary experimentation, transplanting the literary strategies they developed in Ireland back to London and Wales when they left.
H. K. Woudhuysen
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198129660
- eISBN:
- 9780191671821
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198129660.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
Both professional and amateur groups of actors needed scribes to prepare manuscripts of plays for performance. The work of private collectors in preserving academic drama and in commissioning copies ...
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Both professional and amateur groups of actors needed scribes to prepare manuscripts of plays for performance. The work of private collectors in preserving academic drama and in commissioning copies of plays from the public theatre is important and still deserves further attention. Many of the surviving manuscripts from the reigns of Elizabeth I, James I, and Charles I were not copied professionally by a scribe or a secretary, or for sale by a scrivener, or for presentation by a writing-master, but were written by private individuals and collectors for their own use. This widespread practice testifies to the strength of the manuscript culture and to its survival. The keeping of commonplace and table-books played an important part in early modern education and learning.Less
Both professional and amateur groups of actors needed scribes to prepare manuscripts of plays for performance. The work of private collectors in preserving academic drama and in commissioning copies of plays from the public theatre is important and still deserves further attention. Many of the surviving manuscripts from the reigns of Elizabeth I, James I, and Charles I were not copied professionally by a scribe or a secretary, or for sale by a scrivener, or for presentation by a writing-master, but were written by private individuals and collectors for their own use. This widespread practice testifies to the strength of the manuscript culture and to its survival. The keeping of commonplace and table-books played an important part in early modern education and learning.
H. K. Woudhuysen
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198129660
- eISBN:
- 9780191671821
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198129660.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
No group of people have been more aware of the value of a manuscript culture and of the importance of its survival than antiquaries, heralds, and scholars. All copied or had works copied for them: ...
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No group of people have been more aware of the value of a manuscript culture and of the importance of its survival than antiquaries, heralds, and scholars. All copied or had works copied for them: transcription formed an important part of their research. They might have been expected to pay some attention to who copied what for them, even if only out of a concern for the accuracy of individual scribes. Despite this, owners rarely revealed much about the circumstances under which their handwritten books were produced, and examples of signed manuscripts among them are regrettably scarce. A notable exception to this lack of information occurs with a group of manuscripts connected with the little-known figure of Sit Peter Manwood, who was born in 1571, who became an MP for Kent, and died in 1625.Less
No group of people have been more aware of the value of a manuscript culture and of the importance of its survival than antiquaries, heralds, and scholars. All copied or had works copied for them: transcription formed an important part of their research. They might have been expected to pay some attention to who copied what for them, even if only out of a concern for the accuracy of individual scribes. Despite this, owners rarely revealed much about the circumstances under which their handwritten books were produced, and examples of signed manuscripts among them are regrettably scarce. A notable exception to this lack of information occurs with a group of manuscripts connected with the little-known figure of Sit Peter Manwood, who was born in 1571, who became an MP for Kent, and died in 1625.
Arnoud S. Q. Visser
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199765935
- eISBN:
- 9780199895168
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199765935.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
The first collected edition of Augustine's works, published in 1505–6 by the Basel publisher Johann Amerbach, was the version that was used by the first generation of Reformers, including Martin ...
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The first collected edition of Augustine's works, published in 1505–6 by the Basel publisher Johann Amerbach, was the version that was used by the first generation of Reformers, including Martin Luther, Andreas Bodenstein von Karlstadt, Philip Melanchthon and Ulrich Zwingli. The work made an important contribution to establishing the Augustinian canon, yet in many other respects also continued traditional, late-medieval, forms of textual presentation. This chapter assesses the significance of the work for the intellectual history of the Reformation. It explores the manuscript dissemination of Augustine's works in the late fifteenth century before studying how Amerbach's edition dealt with this tradition. It argues that the work contributed crucially to Augustine's emancipation from to the ecclesiastical institutions that had traditionally preserved his legacy.Less
The first collected edition of Augustine's works, published in 1505–6 by the Basel publisher Johann Amerbach, was the version that was used by the first generation of Reformers, including Martin Luther, Andreas Bodenstein von Karlstadt, Philip Melanchthon and Ulrich Zwingli. The work made an important contribution to establishing the Augustinian canon, yet in many other respects also continued traditional, late-medieval, forms of textual presentation. This chapter assesses the significance of the work for the intellectual history of the Reformation. It explores the manuscript dissemination of Augustine's works in the late fifteenth century before studying how Amerbach's edition dealt with this tradition. It argues that the work contributed crucially to Augustine's emancipation from to the ecclesiastical institutions that had traditionally preserved his legacy.
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226469140
- eISBN:
- 9780226469287
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226469287.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
This chapter focuses on works on eighteenth- and nineteenth-century manuscript culture. It begins with an assumption of coevolution rather than succession. Rather than rely on a replacement model—in ...
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This chapter focuses on works on eighteenth- and nineteenth-century manuscript culture. It begins with an assumption of coevolution rather than succession. Rather than rely on a replacement model—in which one media (print) overtakes and subsumes another (manuscript)—this chapter provides examples of how both media mutually develop. If manuscript writing far exceeded printed writing, then one might wonder about how a “print” culture fits into this narrative and how we might instead think about manuscript–print hybrids and about the mutual influences that they exert on each other. The chapter also considers methodological assumptions about how to research the material culture of the period. It is the quasi-public status of manuscript—its ambiguous hovering between public and private—that poses a problem of knowledge. One can only “imagine” what is circulated in manuscript because it is not as archivally or socially accessible. In light of these arguments, the chapter examines a set of material artifacts and cultural practices that illuminate moments of adaptation, resistance, and convergence between print and manuscript during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.Less
This chapter focuses on works on eighteenth- and nineteenth-century manuscript culture. It begins with an assumption of coevolution rather than succession. Rather than rely on a replacement model—in which one media (print) overtakes and subsumes another (manuscript)—this chapter provides examples of how both media mutually develop. If manuscript writing far exceeded printed writing, then one might wonder about how a “print” culture fits into this narrative and how we might instead think about manuscript–print hybrids and about the mutual influences that they exert on each other. The chapter also considers methodological assumptions about how to research the material culture of the period. It is the quasi-public status of manuscript—its ambiguous hovering between public and private—that poses a problem of knowledge. One can only “imagine” what is circulated in manuscript because it is not as archivally or socially accessible. In light of these arguments, the chapter examines a set of material artifacts and cultural practices that illuminate moments of adaptation, resistance, and convergence between print and manuscript during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
Elaine Leong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226583495
- eISBN:
- 9780226583525
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226583525.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
By the 1650s, the London booksellers’ shelves were packed with printed recipe collections. With titles like A Choice Manual of Rare and Select Secrets (1653), The Marrow of Physicke, or A Learned ...
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By the 1650s, the London booksellers’ shelves were packed with printed recipe collections. With titles like A Choice Manual of Rare and Select Secrets (1653), The Marrow of Physicke, or A Learned Discourse of the Severall Parts of a Mans Body (1640), or simply A Pretious Treasury, these books offered English readers hundreds upon hundreds of recipes. This chapter explores the intersections, commonalities, and differences between the manuscript and printed recipe collections of the period. Through analyzing traces of reading and writing, it emphasizes the significant crossovers between these two media. The media of communication, it contends, crucially shaped the kinds of knowledge transferred.Less
By the 1650s, the London booksellers’ shelves were packed with printed recipe collections. With titles like A Choice Manual of Rare and Select Secrets (1653), The Marrow of Physicke, or A Learned Discourse of the Severall Parts of a Mans Body (1640), or simply A Pretious Treasury, these books offered English readers hundreds upon hundreds of recipes. This chapter explores the intersections, commonalities, and differences between the manuscript and printed recipe collections of the period. Through analyzing traces of reading and writing, it emphasizes the significant crossovers between these two media. The media of communication, it contends, crucially shaped the kinds of knowledge transferred.
Robert Macfarlane
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199296507
- eISBN:
- 9780191711916
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199296507.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature
‘“Originality” is only plagiarizing from a great many’, remarked Rupert Brooke, stealing the line from Voltaire. Questions of originality and accusations of plagiarism, are as old as literature, but ...
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‘“Originality” is only plagiarizing from a great many’, remarked Rupert Brooke, stealing the line from Voltaire. Questions of originality and accusations of plagiarism, are as old as literature, but different literary cultures have interpreted the relationship between originality and plagiarism in startlingly dissimilar ways. This book investigates and documents the drastic reappraisal of literary originality and plagiarism which occurred over the course of the 19th century: from the heroic visions of original authorship that characterised the 1820s and 1830s, through to the stickle-brick creativity of Oscar Wilde and Lionel Johnson at the century's end. It reveals how ideas of originality and plagiarism were not only a theoretical concern of Victorian commentators on literature, but also provided many important Victorian writers — Eliot, Dickens, Reade, Pater, Wilde, and Lionel Johnson among them — with a creative resource. Moving between numerous different fields of thought and knowledge — literary criticism, the history of science, manuscript culture, anthropology — this book shows that the ideas of originality and plagiarism were the subjects of 19th-century literature, as well as what it was subject to.Less
‘“Originality” is only plagiarizing from a great many’, remarked Rupert Brooke, stealing the line from Voltaire. Questions of originality and accusations of plagiarism, are as old as literature, but different literary cultures have interpreted the relationship between originality and plagiarism in startlingly dissimilar ways. This book investigates and documents the drastic reappraisal of literary originality and plagiarism which occurred over the course of the 19th century: from the heroic visions of original authorship that characterised the 1820s and 1830s, through to the stickle-brick creativity of Oscar Wilde and Lionel Johnson at the century's end. It reveals how ideas of originality and plagiarism were not only a theoretical concern of Victorian commentators on literature, but also provided many important Victorian writers — Eliot, Dickens, Reade, Pater, Wilde, and Lionel Johnson among them — with a creative resource. Moving between numerous different fields of thought and knowledge — literary criticism, the history of science, manuscript culture, anthropology — this book shows that the ideas of originality and plagiarism were the subjects of 19th-century literature, as well as what it was subject to.
Angus Vine
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198809708
- eISBN:
- 9780191847134
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198809708.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter defines miscellaneity and the miscellany. It traces their material manifestations in early modern culture and establishes key pedagogical precepts and practices in relation to both, as ...
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This chapter defines miscellaneity and the miscellany. It traces their material manifestations in early modern culture and establishes key pedagogical precepts and practices in relation to both, as well as examining their literary discussions and depictions. It also surveys the essential models of miscellaneity available at the time, identifying Aulus Gellius’ Noctes Atticae as the most important literary antecedent for the early modern works that are discussed in subsequent chapters of the book. It begins with a discussion of the satirized miscellanist Sir Politic Would-Be (in Ben Jonson’s Volpone), using Jonson’s play to provide an overview of the book’s aims and intentions, before reviewing the relevant scholarship in adjacent fields. Finally, through a series of case studies, it demonstrates that ‘miscellaneous order’ was essential to the habits of annotation and transcription and the organization of knowledge in early modern Britain—thus laying the foundations for the remainder of the book.Less
This chapter defines miscellaneity and the miscellany. It traces their material manifestations in early modern culture and establishes key pedagogical precepts and practices in relation to both, as well as examining their literary discussions and depictions. It also surveys the essential models of miscellaneity available at the time, identifying Aulus Gellius’ Noctes Atticae as the most important literary antecedent for the early modern works that are discussed in subsequent chapters of the book. It begins with a discussion of the satirized miscellanist Sir Politic Would-Be (in Ben Jonson’s Volpone), using Jonson’s play to provide an overview of the book’s aims and intentions, before reviewing the relevant scholarship in adjacent fields. Finally, through a series of case studies, it demonstrates that ‘miscellaneous order’ was essential to the habits of annotation and transcription and the organization of knowledge in early modern Britain—thus laying the foundations for the remainder of the book.
Sundar Henny
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780197266250
- eISBN:
- 9780191869181
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266250.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
This contribution is an exercise in amalgamation: it seeks to blur the distinctions between archival and scribal culture, between form and content, and between the history of the book and history of ...
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This contribution is an exercise in amalgamation: it seeks to blur the distinctions between archival and scribal culture, between form and content, and between the history of the book and history of material culture. Three leading figures of 17th-century Zurich—a clergyman and two magistrates—are spotlighted as they take respective measures to secure their memory. Although these measures and the corresponding archival situations differ quite significantly, it becomes obvious that in all of these cases materiality played a crucial role in the process of conservation. Written remains were referred to as relics, treasures, and monuments. To reduce those non-governmental collections to a cult of autographs, however, would miss the point. Copying also flourished and was thought of as a necessity as well as an act of asceticism. The argument is that ‘information’, narrowly understood, does not convey what early modern archives were all about.Less
This contribution is an exercise in amalgamation: it seeks to blur the distinctions between archival and scribal culture, between form and content, and between the history of the book and history of material culture. Three leading figures of 17th-century Zurich—a clergyman and two magistrates—are spotlighted as they take respective measures to secure their memory. Although these measures and the corresponding archival situations differ quite significantly, it becomes obvious that in all of these cases materiality played a crucial role in the process of conservation. Written remains were referred to as relics, treasures, and monuments. To reduce those non-governmental collections to a cult of autographs, however, would miss the point. Copying also flourished and was thought of as a necessity as well as an act of asceticism. The argument is that ‘information’, narrowly understood, does not convey what early modern archives were all about.
Elaine Leong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226583495
- eISBN:
- 9780226583525
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226583525.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter explores the multitude of ways householders used collecting recipes and creating recipe collections to construct and write their own family histories. It argues that gathering recipes ...
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This chapter explores the multitude of ways householders used collecting recipes and creating recipe collections to construct and write their own family histories. It argues that gathering recipes and creating recipe collections constituted one aspect of what we might call the “paperwork of kinship.” Early modern householders, it shows, wrote down, collated, and preserved all kinds of paperwork concerning the social and economic holdings of the household, from land deeds to rent accounts to lists of births and deaths. Working together, these documents not only sketch out a social and economic history of a family but also construct its very identity. Recipes and recipe books, it contends, were a crucial part of this paperwork, and it is in no small part due to this role that so many examples survive in the archives.Less
This chapter explores the multitude of ways householders used collecting recipes and creating recipe collections to construct and write their own family histories. It argues that gathering recipes and creating recipe collections constituted one aspect of what we might call the “paperwork of kinship.” Early modern householders, it shows, wrote down, collated, and preserved all kinds of paperwork concerning the social and economic holdings of the household, from land deeds to rent accounts to lists of births and deaths. Working together, these documents not only sketch out a social and economic history of a family but also construct its very identity. Recipes and recipe books, it contends, were a crucial part of this paperwork, and it is in no small part due to this role that so many examples survive in the archives.
Elaine Leong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226583495
- eISBN:
- 9780226583525
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226583525.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Early modern English men and women were fascinated by recipes. Across the country, people of all ranks enthusiastically collected, exchanged, and experimented with medical and cookery instructions. ...
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Early modern English men and women were fascinated by recipes. Across the country, people of all ranks enthusiastically collected, exchanged, and experimented with medical and cookery instructions. They sent recipes in letters, borrowed handwritten books of family recipes, and consulted popular printed medical and culinary books. Recipes and Everyday Knowledge is the first major study of knowledge production and transfer in early modern households. It places the production and circulation of recipes at the heart of “household science”—quotidian investigations of the natural world—and situates these practices in larger and current conversations in gender and cultural history, the history of the book and archives and the history of science, medicine and technology. Household recipe knowledge was made through continual, repeated, and collective trying, making, reading, and writing. And recipe trials were one of the main ways householders gained deeper understandings of sickness, health and the human body, and the natural and material worlds. Recipes were also social knowledge. Recipes and recipe books were gifted between friends, viewed as family treasures, and passed down from generation to generation. By recovering the knowledge activities of householders—masters, servants, husbands and wives—this project recasts current narratives of early modern science through elucidating the very spaces and contexts in which famous experimental philosophers worked and, crucially, by extending the parameters of natural inquiry.Less
Early modern English men and women were fascinated by recipes. Across the country, people of all ranks enthusiastically collected, exchanged, and experimented with medical and cookery instructions. They sent recipes in letters, borrowed handwritten books of family recipes, and consulted popular printed medical and culinary books. Recipes and Everyday Knowledge is the first major study of knowledge production and transfer in early modern households. It places the production and circulation of recipes at the heart of “household science”—quotidian investigations of the natural world—and situates these practices in larger and current conversations in gender and cultural history, the history of the book and archives and the history of science, medicine and technology. Household recipe knowledge was made through continual, repeated, and collective trying, making, reading, and writing. And recipe trials were one of the main ways householders gained deeper understandings of sickness, health and the human body, and the natural and material worlds. Recipes were also social knowledge. Recipes and recipe books were gifted between friends, viewed as family treasures, and passed down from generation to generation. By recovering the knowledge activities of householders—masters, servants, husbands and wives—this project recasts current narratives of early modern science through elucidating the very spaces and contexts in which famous experimental philosophers worked and, crucially, by extending the parameters of natural inquiry.
Margaret J. M. Ezell
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780198183112
- eISBN:
- 9780191847158
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198183112.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This volume in the Oxford English Literary History series covering 1645–1714 removes the traditional literary period labels and boundaries used in earlier studies to categorize the literary culture ...
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This volume in the Oxford English Literary History series covering 1645–1714 removes the traditional literary period labels and boundaries used in earlier studies to categorize the literary culture of late seventeenth-century England, from the Interregnum, through the Commonwealth, the Restoration, and the first decades of the eighteenth century. It explores the continuities and literary innovations occurring as English readers and writers lived through turbulent, unprecedented events, including a King tried and executed by Parliament and another exiled, the creation of the national entity ‘Great Britain’, and an expanding English awareness of New World, and the cultures of Asia and the subcontinent. The period saw the continuation of manuscript cultures and the establishment of new concepts of authorship; it saw a dramatic increase of women working as professional, commercial writers. London theatres closed by law in 1642 reopened with new forms of entertainment. Emerging literary forms such as epistolary fictions and topical essays were circulated and promoted by new media including newspapers, periodical publications, and advertising. Laws governing censorship were changing and initial steps were taken in the development of copyright. The period produced some of the most profound and influential literary expressions of religious faith, from John Milton’s Paradise Lost to John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, while simultaneously giving rise to a culture of libertinism and savage polemical satire, as well as fostering the new dispassionate discourses of experimental sciences and the conventions of popular romance.Less
This volume in the Oxford English Literary History series covering 1645–1714 removes the traditional literary period labels and boundaries used in earlier studies to categorize the literary culture of late seventeenth-century England, from the Interregnum, through the Commonwealth, the Restoration, and the first decades of the eighteenth century. It explores the continuities and literary innovations occurring as English readers and writers lived through turbulent, unprecedented events, including a King tried and executed by Parliament and another exiled, the creation of the national entity ‘Great Britain’, and an expanding English awareness of New World, and the cultures of Asia and the subcontinent. The period saw the continuation of manuscript cultures and the establishment of new concepts of authorship; it saw a dramatic increase of women working as professional, commercial writers. London theatres closed by law in 1642 reopened with new forms of entertainment. Emerging literary forms such as epistolary fictions and topical essays were circulated and promoted by new media including newspapers, periodical publications, and advertising. Laws governing censorship were changing and initial steps were taken in the development of copyright. The period produced some of the most profound and influential literary expressions of religious faith, from John Milton’s Paradise Lost to John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, while simultaneously giving rise to a culture of libertinism and savage polemical satire, as well as fostering the new dispassionate discourses of experimental sciences and the conventions of popular romance.
Richard Oosterhoff
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- September 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198823520
- eISBN:
- 9780191862151
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198823520.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine, European Early Modern History
Beatus Rhenanus encountered the printed textbook at the leading edge of experiment with the printed form. This chapter considers how these books were assembled and how the change from manuscript to ...
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Beatus Rhenanus encountered the printed textbook at the leading edge of experiment with the printed form. This chapter considers how these books were assembled and how the change from manuscript to print affected the content. It argues that students had a remarkably active role in making Lefèvre’s books, bringing their teachers’ manuscripts to print, and introducing their own interventions, commentary, and various paratexts. In particular, this chapter highlights the affinities between Renaissance attitudes to mathematical genres and these forms of collaborative authorship. Such interventions responded to the problem of copia outlined in the last chapter, and toyed with material notions of ‘method’ as cognitive habits facilitated by a printed object.Less
Beatus Rhenanus encountered the printed textbook at the leading edge of experiment with the printed form. This chapter considers how these books were assembled and how the change from manuscript to print affected the content. It argues that students had a remarkably active role in making Lefèvre’s books, bringing their teachers’ manuscripts to print, and introducing their own interventions, commentary, and various paratexts. In particular, this chapter highlights the affinities between Renaissance attitudes to mathematical genres and these forms of collaborative authorship. Such interventions responded to the problem of copia outlined in the last chapter, and toyed with material notions of ‘method’ as cognitive habits facilitated by a printed object.
Elaine Leong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226583495
- eISBN:
- 9780226583525
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226583525.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter explores how early modern men and women assessed recipe knowledge and tried and tested cures. It contends that contemporary men and women evaluated potential know-how through multiple ...
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This chapter explores how early modern men and women assessed recipe knowledge and tried and tested cures. It contends that contemporary men and women evaluated potential know-how through multiple steps before assimilating new medical recipes into their treasure chest of homemade cures. Within this scheme of codifying knowledge, making and trying recipes played a central role. It explores this process in three settings. First, it uses the letters of Edward Conway (1594–1655) and Edward Harley (1689–1741) to outline how two historical actors conveyed this process of codifying knowledge. Second, it turns to a series of three notebooks created by Sir Peter Temple (d. 1660) to demonstrate how recipe compilers copied and recopied recipes from notebook to notebook as the knowledge was assessed, tested, and evaluated. Finally, using an analysis of users’ annotations and marks in several household books, it shows that the schemes outlined in the Conway/Harley and Temple case studies were widely adopted.Less
This chapter explores how early modern men and women assessed recipe knowledge and tried and tested cures. It contends that contemporary men and women evaluated potential know-how through multiple steps before assimilating new medical recipes into their treasure chest of homemade cures. Within this scheme of codifying knowledge, making and trying recipes played a central role. It explores this process in three settings. First, it uses the letters of Edward Conway (1594–1655) and Edward Harley (1689–1741) to outline how two historical actors conveyed this process of codifying knowledge. Second, it turns to a series of three notebooks created by Sir Peter Temple (d. 1660) to demonstrate how recipe compilers copied and recopied recipes from notebook to notebook as the knowledge was assessed, tested, and evaluated. Finally, using an analysis of users’ annotations and marks in several household books, it shows that the schemes outlined in the Conway/Harley and Temple case studies were widely adopted.
Haun Saussy
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780823270460
- eISBN:
- 9780823270507
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823270460.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Theorists of oral literature often defend the genre against the charge of being a “mechanical” aggregate of ready-made phrases. But mechanism, far from being a drawback, is an advantage in a genre ...
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Theorists of oral literature often defend the genre against the charge of being a “mechanical” aggregate of ready-made phrases. But mechanism, far from being a drawback, is an advantage in a genre that requires frequent reproduction by memory. An investigation of recent oral traditions shows the degree to which composition is free and constrained; in parallel, a reading of literate and printed texts about orality shows the difficulty of speaking pertinently about oral texts’ mechanisms of repetition and change. Our ideas about orality are thus shown to be dependent on our consciousness of media resources, including writing, printing and sound reproduction.Less
Theorists of oral literature often defend the genre against the charge of being a “mechanical” aggregate of ready-made phrases. But mechanism, far from being a drawback, is an advantage in a genre that requires frequent reproduction by memory. An investigation of recent oral traditions shows the degree to which composition is free and constrained; in parallel, a reading of literate and printed texts about orality shows the difficulty of speaking pertinently about oral texts’ mechanisms of repetition and change. Our ideas about orality are thus shown to be dependent on our consciousness of media resources, including writing, printing and sound reproduction.
Elaine Leong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226583495
- eISBN:
- 9780226583525
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226583525.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
Opening with Sir Edward Dering’s busy summer of trying and testing drugs, this chapter explores recipe trials. Building on the arguments presented in earlier chapters, this chapter argues that the ...
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Opening with Sir Edward Dering’s busy summer of trying and testing drugs, this chapter explores recipe trials. Building on the arguments presented in earlier chapters, this chapter argues that the domestic and family setting brought a particular set of considerations in determining expertise, authority, and value. Investigations into “making trials” on medical recipes in the household thus offer us insight into the assessment and testing in a new spatial and social context and give us a rare glimpse of practices on the ground, outside academic institutions. Within this context, making goes hand in hand with testing and writing down. As householders produced medicines and foods from written recipes, they were continually testing them for efficacy, for the way materials behaved in particular contexts and environments, and to see how they reacted with the human body.Less
Opening with Sir Edward Dering’s busy summer of trying and testing drugs, this chapter explores recipe trials. Building on the arguments presented in earlier chapters, this chapter argues that the domestic and family setting brought a particular set of considerations in determining expertise, authority, and value. Investigations into “making trials” on medical recipes in the household thus offer us insight into the assessment and testing in a new spatial and social context and give us a rare glimpse of practices on the ground, outside academic institutions. Within this context, making goes hand in hand with testing and writing down. As householders produced medicines and foods from written recipes, they were continually testing them for efficacy, for the way materials behaved in particular contexts and environments, and to see how they reacted with the human body.
Margaret J. M. Ezell
- Published in print:
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- eISBN:
- 9780191849572
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780191849572.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 17th-century and Restoration Literature
This volume in the Oxford English Literary History series covering 1645–1714 removes the traditional literary period labels and boundaries used in earlier studies to categorize the literary culture ...
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This volume in the Oxford English Literary History series covering 1645–1714 removes the traditional literary period labels and boundaries used in earlier studies to categorize the literary culture of late seventeenth-century England, from the Interregnum, through the Commonwealth, the Restoration, and the first decades of the eighteenth century. It explores the continuities and literary innovations occurring as English readers and writers lived through turbulent, unprecedented events, including a King tried and executed by Parliament and another exiled, the creation of the national entity ‘Great Britain’, and an expanding English awareness of New World, and the cultures of Asia and the subcontinent. The period saw the continuation of manuscript cultures and the establishment of new concepts of authorship; it saw a dramatic increase of women working as professional, commercial writers. London theatres closed by law in 1642 reopened with new forms of entertainment. Emerging literary forms such as epistolary fictions and topical essays were circulated and promoted by new media including newspapers, periodical publications, and advertising. Laws governing censorship were changing and initial steps were taken in the development of copyright. The period produced some of the most profound and influential literary expressions of religious faith, from John Milton’s Paradise Lost to John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, while simultaneously giving rise to a culture of libertinism and savage polemical satire, as well as fostering the new dispassionate discourses of experimental sciences and the conventions of popular romance.Less
This volume in the Oxford English Literary History series covering 1645–1714 removes the traditional literary period labels and boundaries used in earlier studies to categorize the literary culture of late seventeenth-century England, from the Interregnum, through the Commonwealth, the Restoration, and the first decades of the eighteenth century. It explores the continuities and literary innovations occurring as English readers and writers lived through turbulent, unprecedented events, including a King tried and executed by Parliament and another exiled, the creation of the national entity ‘Great Britain’, and an expanding English awareness of New World, and the cultures of Asia and the subcontinent. The period saw the continuation of manuscript cultures and the establishment of new concepts of authorship; it saw a dramatic increase of women working as professional, commercial writers. London theatres closed by law in 1642 reopened with new forms of entertainment. Emerging literary forms such as epistolary fictions and topical essays were circulated and promoted by new media including newspapers, periodical publications, and advertising. Laws governing censorship were changing and initial steps were taken in the development of copyright. The period produced some of the most profound and influential literary expressions of religious faith, from John Milton’s Paradise Lost to John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, while simultaneously giving rise to a culture of libertinism and savage polemical satire, as well as fostering the new dispassionate discourses of experimental sciences and the conventions of popular romance.
Françoise Deconinck-Brossard
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- July 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198702245
- eISBN:
- 9780191838910
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198702245.003.0017
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History
Both liturgically and architecturally, sermons were central to Dissenting life. Listening to the Word was at the heart of Dissenting worship and pulpits were frequently in prominent positions within ...
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Both liturgically and architecturally, sermons were central to Dissenting life. Listening to the Word was at the heart of Dissenting worship and pulpits were frequently in prominent positions within the meeting house. While printed sermons have, understandably, been the focus of much work in this area, manuscript sermons also offer important insights into how sermons were used, the occasions on which they were delivered, and the reactions of their auditors. While many Dissenting sermons were devoted to themes in practical divinity—how to lead a good life (or die a good death)—they could also enable Dissenters to demonstrate their loyalty to the state or to engage in philanthropic activity. Unlike their Anglican counterparts, Dissenters were more inclined to give extemporary sermons but sermon notes allow historians to gain some insights into how the majority of sermons, which were not printed, might have been received.Less
Both liturgically and architecturally, sermons were central to Dissenting life. Listening to the Word was at the heart of Dissenting worship and pulpits were frequently in prominent positions within the meeting house. While printed sermons have, understandably, been the focus of much work in this area, manuscript sermons also offer important insights into how sermons were used, the occasions on which they were delivered, and the reactions of their auditors. While many Dissenting sermons were devoted to themes in practical divinity—how to lead a good life (or die a good death)—they could also enable Dissenters to demonstrate their loyalty to the state or to engage in philanthropic activity. Unlike their Anglican counterparts, Dissenters were more inclined to give extemporary sermons but sermon notes allow historians to gain some insights into how the majority of sermons, which were not printed, might have been received.
Desirée Henderson
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198814221
- eISBN:
- 9780191851858
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198814221.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
This chapter examines the almost fifty-year-long diary written by Elizabeth Drinker, a Quaker woman residing in Philadelphia at the end of the eighteenth century. It argues that Drinker employed her ...
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This chapter examines the almost fifty-year-long diary written by Elizabeth Drinker, a Quaker woman residing in Philadelphia at the end of the eighteenth century. It argues that Drinker employed her diary as a tool to define the boundaries of her community, which included her immediate family and surrounding Quaker society. The focus of the chapter is on two moments in which Drinker represents and responds to the intrusion of a male stranger into her home and family, and the threats they present to the female members of her community, in order to explore her gendered understanding of belonging. Through the diaristic devices of naming and relational terminology, and by documenting space, movement, and social interaction, Drinker writes her community into being and grants herself the rhetorical authority to keep it safe.Less
This chapter examines the almost fifty-year-long diary written by Elizabeth Drinker, a Quaker woman residing in Philadelphia at the end of the eighteenth century. It argues that Drinker employed her diary as a tool to define the boundaries of her community, which included her immediate family and surrounding Quaker society. The focus of the chapter is on two moments in which Drinker represents and responds to the intrusion of a male stranger into her home and family, and the threats they present to the female members of her community, in order to explore her gendered understanding of belonging. Through the diaristic devices of naming and relational terminology, and by documenting space, movement, and social interaction, Drinker writes her community into being and grants herself the rhetorical authority to keep it safe.
Michele Lise Tarter and Catie Gill (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198814221
- eISBN:
- 9780191851858
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198814221.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
There has never been an interdisciplinary collection of essays that focuses specifically on the women of the Quaker movement—their experiences and their voices, their bodies and their texts. This ...
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There has never been an interdisciplinary collection of essays that focuses specifically on the women of the Quaker movement—their experiences and their voices, their bodies and their texts. This book, an essential addition to the studies of Quakerism, religion, and gender, offers groundbreaking archival research and analysis about women Friends that ranges from the movement’s British origins to early American revolutions. The fourteen contributors illuminate the issues and challenges early Quaker women faced, addressing such varied topics as the feminization of religion; dissent and identity; transatlantic scribal and print culture; abolitionism and race; and the perception of women Friends by anti-Quaker spectators. Divided into three sections entitled ‘Revolutions’, ‘Disruptions’, and ‘Networks’, this collection explores the subversive and dynamic ways that Quaker women resisted persecution, asserted autonomy, and forged barriers through creative networks. It enhances and expands the position of Quaker women in the early transatlantic world, accentuating their difference from other religious orthodoxies—across time, across cultures, and across continents.Less
There has never been an interdisciplinary collection of essays that focuses specifically on the women of the Quaker movement—their experiences and their voices, their bodies and their texts. This book, an essential addition to the studies of Quakerism, religion, and gender, offers groundbreaking archival research and analysis about women Friends that ranges from the movement’s British origins to early American revolutions. The fourteen contributors illuminate the issues and challenges early Quaker women faced, addressing such varied topics as the feminization of religion; dissent and identity; transatlantic scribal and print culture; abolitionism and race; and the perception of women Friends by anti-Quaker spectators. Divided into three sections entitled ‘Revolutions’, ‘Disruptions’, and ‘Networks’, this collection explores the subversive and dynamic ways that Quaker women resisted persecution, asserted autonomy, and forged barriers through creative networks. It enhances and expands the position of Quaker women in the early transatlantic world, accentuating their difference from other religious orthodoxies—across time, across cultures, and across continents.
