Heinrich Schenker
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195151510
- eISBN:
- 9780199871582
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195151510.003.0002
- Subject:
- Music, Theory, Analysis, Composition
This chapter argues that a composer's mode of notation indicates the desired effect, and that the performer must grasp the intention behind it. Examples demonstrate that interpreting indications ...
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This chapter argues that a composer's mode of notation indicates the desired effect, and that the performer must grasp the intention behind it. Examples demonstrate that interpreting indications literally can actually prevent the desired effect. The performer has the challenge of finding dissembling means which enable him to realize the composer's intentions. The importance of using an authentic text based on manuscripts and first editions is stressed.Less
This chapter argues that a composer's mode of notation indicates the desired effect, and that the performer must grasp the intention behind it. Examples demonstrate that interpreting indications literally can actually prevent the desired effect. The performer has the challenge of finding dissembling means which enable him to realize the composer's intentions. The importance of using an authentic text based on manuscripts and first editions is stressed.
Donald Maurice
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195156904
- eISBN:
- 9780199868339
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195156904.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the ...
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This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the challenges of authenticity and legal issues faced by revisionists. It concludes with a summary of the book's chapters.Less
This introductory chapter highlights the special problems associated with this work including the inaccessibility of the manuscript for five decades, the incompleteness of the sketches, and the challenges of authenticity and legal issues faced by revisionists. It concludes with a summary of the book's chapters.
Saint Augustine
R. P. H. Green (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780198263340
- eISBN:
- 9780191601125
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198263341.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This is a completely new translation of the work that Augustine wrote to guide the Christian on how to interpret Scripture and communicate it to others, a kind of do‐it‐yourself manual for ...
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This is a completely new translation of the work that Augustine wrote to guide the Christian on how to interpret Scripture and communicate it to others, a kind of do‐it‐yourself manual for discovering what the Bible teaches and passing it on. Begun at the same time as his famous Confessions, but not completed until some thirty years later, it gives fascinating insight into many sides of his thinking, not least on the value of the traditional education of which the Confessions gives such a poor impression. Augustine begins by relating his theme to the love (and enjoyment) of God and the love of one's neighbour, and then proceeds to develop a theory of signs with which he can analyse the nature of difficulties in scripture. In studying unknown signs, Augustine finds a place for some disciplines enshrined in traditional culture and the school curriculum but not all; as for ambiguous signs, he carefully explores various kinds of problems, such as that of distinguishing the figurative from the literal, and has recourse to the hermeneutic system of the Donatist Tyconius. In the fourth and last book, he discusses how to communicate scriptural teaching, drawing on a lifetime of experience but also making notable use of the writings on rhetoric of Cicero, the classical orator. The translation is equipped with an introduction that discusses the work's aims and circumstances, outlines its contents and significance, commenting briefly on the manuscripts from which the Latin text – which is also provided in this volume – is derived, and also brief explanatory notes. There is a select bibliography of useful and approachable modern criticism of this important work.Less
This is a completely new translation of the work that Augustine wrote to guide the Christian on how to interpret Scripture and communicate it to others, a kind of do‐it‐yourself manual for discovering what the Bible teaches and passing it on. Begun at the same time as his famous Confessions, but not completed until some thirty years later, it gives fascinating insight into many sides of his thinking, not least on the value of the traditional education of which the Confessions gives such a poor impression. Augustine begins by relating his theme to the love (and enjoyment) of God and the love of one's neighbour, and then proceeds to develop a theory of signs with which he can analyse the nature of difficulties in scripture. In studying unknown signs, Augustine finds a place for some disciplines enshrined in traditional culture and the school curriculum but not all; as for ambiguous signs, he carefully explores various kinds of problems, such as that of distinguishing the figurative from the literal, and has recourse to the hermeneutic system of the Donatist Tyconius. In the fourth and last book, he discusses how to communicate scriptural teaching, drawing on a lifetime of experience but also making notable use of the writings on rhetoric of Cicero, the classical orator. The translation is equipped with an introduction that discusses the work's aims and circumstances, outlines its contents and significance, commenting briefly on the manuscripts from which the Latin text – which is also provided in this volume – is derived, and also brief explanatory notes. There is a select bibliography of useful and approachable modern criticism of this important work.
W. S. Barrett
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199203574
- eISBN:
- 9780191708183
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199203574.003.0020
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter confronts the question of the original order of the plays contained in the Jerusalem palimpsest. This is perhaps a trivial question, but it is one which admits of a quite certain answer.
This chapter confronts the question of the original order of the plays contained in the Jerusalem palimpsest. This is perhaps a trivial question, but it is one which admits of a quite certain answer.
MARTIN GOODMAN
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264744
- eISBN:
- 9780191734663
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264744.003.0023
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the application of rabbinic literature in studying the history of late-Roman Palestine. It has been demonstrated that a great deal of ...
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This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the application of rabbinic literature in studying the history of late-Roman Palestine. It has been demonstrated that a great deal of evidence preserved within the rabbinic tradition in medieval manuscripts originated in the Roman provinces of Palestine between c.200 and c.700 CE. It was also shown that rabbinic texts, even at their most reliable, can only provide a very partial glimpse of late-Roman Palestine. This chapter also highlights the inherent problems using rabbinic texts as historical source and suggests ways to overcome them.Less
This concluding chapter sums up the key findings of this study on the application of rabbinic literature in studying the history of late-Roman Palestine. It has been demonstrated that a great deal of evidence preserved within the rabbinic tradition in medieval manuscripts originated in the Roman provinces of Palestine between c.200 and c.700 CE. It was also shown that rabbinic texts, even at their most reliable, can only provide a very partial glimpse of late-Roman Palestine. This chapter also highlights the inherent problems using rabbinic texts as historical source and suggests ways to overcome them.
Christine Franzen
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117421
- eISBN:
- 9780191670954
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117421.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature
The 13th-century Worcester scribe known as the ‘tremulous hand’ is well known as a glossator of Old English manuscripts. His shaky, leftward-sloping handwriting is found in at least twenty ...
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The 13th-century Worcester scribe known as the ‘tremulous hand’ is well known as a glossator of Old English manuscripts. His shaky, leftward-sloping handwriting is found in at least twenty manuscripts, most of which are known to have been in Worcester in the medieval period. His work consists mainly of interlinear and marginal glosses to Old English texts which are usually, but not exclusively, religious in nature. Some of the glosses are Middle English, but the vast majority are Latin. The amount of glossing varies a great deal from manuscript to manuscript and text to text: in some texts about one word in four may be glossed, while in others there may be only one or two glosses per page. This book provides a preliminary account of the tremulous scribe's work, in particular, it looks at what characterized his work in the early stages, how his methods changed and developed, and how he made use of sources and external aids.Less
The 13th-century Worcester scribe known as the ‘tremulous hand’ is well known as a glossator of Old English manuscripts. His shaky, leftward-sloping handwriting is found in at least twenty manuscripts, most of which are known to have been in Worcester in the medieval period. His work consists mainly of interlinear and marginal glosses to Old English texts which are usually, but not exclusively, religious in nature. Some of the glosses are Middle English, but the vast majority are Latin. The amount of glossing varies a great deal from manuscript to manuscript and text to text: in some texts about one word in four may be glossed, while in others there may be only one or two glosses per page. This book provides a preliminary account of the tremulous scribe's work, in particular, it looks at what characterized his work in the early stages, how his methods changed and developed, and how he made use of sources and external aids.
David Trobisch
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195112405
- eISBN:
- 9780199848898
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195112405.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This book argues that the New Testament is not the product of a centuries-long process of development. Its history, the author finds, is the history of a book—an all-Greek Christian bible—published ...
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This book argues that the New Testament is not the product of a centuries-long process of development. Its history, the author finds, is the history of a book—an all-Greek Christian bible—published as early as the second century AD and intended by its editors to be read as a whole. The author claims that this bible achieved wide circulation and formed the basis of all surviving manuscripts of the New Testament. Redactional frame, editorial concepts, and other such ideas can be found throughout the book as these aid in explaining how editors, publishers, and even readers may have already incorporated thoughts and modified the original texts to come up with the modern Canonical Edition of the Christian Bible that we know today.Less
This book argues that the New Testament is not the product of a centuries-long process of development. Its history, the author finds, is the history of a book—an all-Greek Christian bible—published as early as the second century AD and intended by its editors to be read as a whole. The author claims that this bible achieved wide circulation and formed the basis of all surviving manuscripts of the New Testament. Redactional frame, editorial concepts, and other such ideas can be found throughout the book as these aid in explaining how editors, publishers, and even readers may have already incorporated thoughts and modified the original texts to come up with the modern Canonical Edition of the Christian Bible that we know today.
Shafique N. Virani
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195311730
- eISBN:
- 9780199785490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311730.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
Information on the Ismailis in the aftermath of the Mongol irruption is scattered. Not a single primary source containing a continuous historical narrative of the community in this period is known to ...
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Information on the Ismailis in the aftermath of the Mongol irruption is scattered. Not a single primary source containing a continuous historical narrative of the community in this period is known to exist. What survive are often nothing more than disparate references, laconic allusions, and suggestive passages in a sometimes bewildering array of materials. This chapter is an exposition of some of the more prominent sources used in writing this book. It is, as it were, a roll call of the most important witnesses called to testify in the court of history.Less
Information on the Ismailis in the aftermath of the Mongol irruption is scattered. Not a single primary source containing a continuous historical narrative of the community in this period is known to exist. What survive are often nothing more than disparate references, laconic allusions, and suggestive passages in a sometimes bewildering array of materials. This chapter is an exposition of some of the more prominent sources used in writing this book. It is, as it were, a roll call of the most important witnesses called to testify in the court of history.
Bridget Morris
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195166446
- eISBN:
- 9780199785049
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195166442.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This introductory chapter begins with a brief historical background of St. Birgitta of Sweden. It then describes her position as one of the truly forceful prophetic voices of the 14th century, her ...
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This introductory chapter begins with a brief historical background of St. Birgitta of Sweden. It then describes her position as one of the truly forceful prophetic voices of the 14th century, her writings, and the revelations during Birgitta's life. The chapter then considers the translation of Revelationes, and the style of revelation texts.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a brief historical background of St. Birgitta of Sweden. It then describes her position as one of the truly forceful prophetic voices of the 14th century, her writings, and the revelations during Birgitta's life. The chapter then considers the translation of Revelationes, and the style of revelation texts.
Simon Harrison
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198269847
- eISBN:
- 9780191713385
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198269847.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
This chapter sets out a positive case for regarding On Free Choice as a text to be read as a coherent and consistent whole. On Free Choice is a single unified piece of work. The case for reading it ...
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This chapter sets out a positive case for regarding On Free Choice as a text to be read as a coherent and consistent whole. On Free Choice is a single unified piece of work. The case for reading it as such is one of elucidating something that is self-evident; it is a dialogue. The manuscript evidence and what is known of ancient literary practice suggests that the interlocutors should not be identified as ‘Augustine’ and ‘Evodius’, an identification that has obscured the significance of the role of the reader as part of the argumentative strategy of the work as a whole. It consists of three books, the argument, subject matter, and style of which are developed in a programmatic and interrelated progression. This progression is illustrated in the deployment of some technical theological terms and the overall architecture of the argument.Less
This chapter sets out a positive case for regarding On Free Choice as a text to be read as a coherent and consistent whole. On Free Choice is a single unified piece of work. The case for reading it as such is one of elucidating something that is self-evident; it is a dialogue. The manuscript evidence and what is known of ancient literary practice suggests that the interlocutors should not be identified as ‘Augustine’ and ‘Evodius’, an identification that has obscured the significance of the role of the reader as part of the argumentative strategy of the work as a whole. It consists of three books, the argument, subject matter, and style of which are developed in a programmatic and interrelated progression. This progression is illustrated in the deployment of some technical theological terms and the overall architecture of the argument.
K. P. Clarke
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199607778
- eISBN:
- 9780191729546
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199607778.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature, European Literature
This book breaks important new ground in the study of Chaucer's various engagements with Italian literary culture, taking a more dynamic approach to Chaucer's Italian sources than has previously been ...
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This book breaks important new ground in the study of Chaucer's various engagements with Italian literary culture, taking a more dynamic approach to Chaucer's Italian sources than has previously been available. Most treatments of such influences do not take sufficient account of the material contexts in which these sources were available to Chaucer and his contemporaries. Manuscripts of the major works of Dante, Boccaccio, and Petrarch circulated in a variety of formats, and often the margins of their texts were loci for extensive commentary and glossing. These traditions of glossing and commentary represent one of the most striking features of fourteenth-century Italian literary culture. Not only that, but the authors themselves were responsible for some of this commentary material, from Dante's own prosimetra Vita nova and Convivio, to the extensive commentary accompanying Boccaccio's Teseida. The startling example of Francesco d'Amaretto Mannelli's glosses in his copy of the Decameron, copied in 1384, is discussed in detail for the first time. His refiguring of Griselda offers an important perspective on the reception of this story that is exactly contemporary with Chaucer. This book offers a new perspective on Chaucer and Italy by highlighting the materiality of his sources, reconstructing his textual, codicological horizon of expectation. It provides new ways of thinking about Chaucer's access to, and use of, these Italian sources, stimulating, in turn, new ways of reading his work. This attention to the materiality of Chaucer's sources is further explored and developed by reading the Tales through their early fourteenth-century manuscripts, taking account not just of the text but also of the numerous marginal glosses. Within this context, then, the question of Chaucer's authorship of some of these glosses is considered.Less
This book breaks important new ground in the study of Chaucer's various engagements with Italian literary culture, taking a more dynamic approach to Chaucer's Italian sources than has previously been available. Most treatments of such influences do not take sufficient account of the material contexts in which these sources were available to Chaucer and his contemporaries. Manuscripts of the major works of Dante, Boccaccio, and Petrarch circulated in a variety of formats, and often the margins of their texts were loci for extensive commentary and glossing. These traditions of glossing and commentary represent one of the most striking features of fourteenth-century Italian literary culture. Not only that, but the authors themselves were responsible for some of this commentary material, from Dante's own prosimetra Vita nova and Convivio, to the extensive commentary accompanying Boccaccio's Teseida. The startling example of Francesco d'Amaretto Mannelli's glosses in his copy of the Decameron, copied in 1384, is discussed in detail for the first time. His refiguring of Griselda offers an important perspective on the reception of this story that is exactly contemporary with Chaucer. This book offers a new perspective on Chaucer and Italy by highlighting the materiality of his sources, reconstructing his textual, codicological horizon of expectation. It provides new ways of thinking about Chaucer's access to, and use of, these Italian sources, stimulating, in turn, new ways of reading his work. This attention to the materiality of Chaucer's sources is further explored and developed by reading the Tales through their early fourteenth-century manuscripts, taking account not just of the text but also of the numerous marginal glosses. Within this context, then, the question of Chaucer's authorship of some of these glosses is considered.
S. Talmon
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780198263913
- eISBN:
- 9780191601187
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198263910.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
This is the first of five chapters on the text of the Old Testament. It focuses on textual criticism of the ancient versions of the Old Testament, pointing out that no other ancient or modern text ...
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This is the first of five chapters on the text of the Old Testament. It focuses on textual criticism of the ancient versions of the Old Testament, pointing out that no other ancient or modern text seems to be witnessed by so many diverse sources in a variety of languages, and has a transmission history so difficult to elucidate as the text of the Hebrew Bible. The essay offers a necessarily restricted survey of the early transmission history of the biblical text in manuscript form up to the crystallization of an incipient unified Hebrew text and the appearance of translations of the Hebrew original into other Semitic and non‐Semitic languages between c.200 bce and 300 ce; invariably, later secondary translations are not considered. Attention focuses on the early stages of the written transmission of the consonantal text with emphasis on a concise review of the information on its history, which can be obtained from two quite dissimilar groups of manuscript remains in respect to chronology and socio‐religious provenance: (a) the assemblage of biblical scrolls and scroll fragments (the Dead Sea Scrolls) brought to light since 1947 that the dissident ‘Community of the Renewed Covenant’ had deposited in caves near a site known by the modern Arabic name of Qumran; and (b) fragments found since the 1950s at other sites in the Judaean Desert—Masada, Wadi Murabba’at, Naḥal Ṣe‚elim (Wadi Seiyāl) , and Naḥal Ḥever, which represent the textual tradition of normative Judaism.Less
This is the first of five chapters on the text of the Old Testament. It focuses on textual criticism of the ancient versions of the Old Testament, pointing out that no other ancient or modern text seems to be witnessed by so many diverse sources in a variety of languages, and has a transmission history so difficult to elucidate as the text of the Hebrew Bible. The essay offers a necessarily restricted survey of the early transmission history of the biblical text in manuscript form up to the crystallization of an incipient unified Hebrew text and the appearance of translations of the Hebrew original into other Semitic and non‐Semitic languages between c.200 bce and 300 ce; invariably, later secondary translations are not considered. Attention focuses on the early stages of the written transmission of the consonantal text with emphasis on a concise review of the information on its history, which can be obtained from two quite dissimilar groups of manuscript remains in respect to chronology and socio‐religious provenance: (a) the assemblage of biblical scrolls and scroll fragments (the Dead Sea Scrolls) brought to light since 1947 that the dissident ‘Community of the Renewed Covenant’ had deposited in caves near a site known by the modern Arabic name of Qumran; and (b) fragments found since the 1950s at other sites in the Judaean Desert—Masada, Wadi Murabba’at, Naḥal Ṣe‚elim (Wadi Seiyāl) , and Naḥal Ḥever, which represent the textual tradition of normative Judaism.
Michael Lapidge
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199239696
- eISBN:
- 9780191708336
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199239696.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
This chapter discusses the reconstruction of vanished Anglo-Saxon libraries through manuscripts. The study of manuscripts which previously belonged to Anglo-Saxon libraries is possible using a ...
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This chapter discusses the reconstruction of vanished Anglo-Saxon libraries through manuscripts. The study of manuscripts which previously belonged to Anglo-Saxon libraries is possible using a wonderful and comprehensive guide — Helmust Gneuss' Handlist of Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts, published in 2001. The content of surviving Anglo-Saxon manuscripts, the survival of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts in post-Conquest English libraries, surviving manuscripts from the area of the Anglo-Saxon mission in Germany, inventories from the area of the Anglo-Saxon mission in Germany, and surviving continental manuscripts copied from lost Anglo-Saxon exemplars are discussed.Less
This chapter discusses the reconstruction of vanished Anglo-Saxon libraries through manuscripts. The study of manuscripts which previously belonged to Anglo-Saxon libraries is possible using a wonderful and comprehensive guide — Helmust Gneuss' Handlist of Anglo-Saxon Manuscripts, published in 2001. The content of surviving Anglo-Saxon manuscripts, the survival of Anglo-Saxon manuscripts in post-Conquest English libraries, surviving manuscripts from the area of the Anglo-Saxon mission in Germany, inventories from the area of the Anglo-Saxon mission in Germany, and surviving continental manuscripts copied from lost Anglo-Saxon exemplars are discussed.
Rebecca Maloy
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195315172
- eISBN:
- 9780199776252
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195315172.003.0006
- Subject:
- Music, Theory, Analysis, Composition, History, Western
This chapter provides an overview of the manuscripts employed in the edition, the melodic variants encountered, and the methodology for establishing preferred readings. Selected examples demonstrate ...
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This chapter provides an overview of the manuscripts employed in the edition, the melodic variants encountered, and the methodology for establishing preferred readings. Selected examples demonstrate the continuity between the earliest adiastematic sources and the pitched manuscripts that serve as the primary sources for the edition. Pitch‐level variants are especially common in the offertories, often pointing to an underlying practice of chromaticism that was incompatible with the Medieval notational matrix. The variants shed significant light on the interaction between Medieval theory and practice. and illustrate the interaction between theory and practice. Music manuscripts, Melodic variants, chromaticism, medieval theory and practiceLess
This chapter provides an overview of the manuscripts employed in the edition, the melodic variants encountered, and the methodology for establishing preferred readings. Selected examples demonstrate the continuity between the earliest adiastematic sources and the pitched manuscripts that serve as the primary sources for the edition. Pitch‐level variants are especially common in the offertories, often pointing to an underlying practice of chromaticism that was incompatible with the Medieval notational matrix. The variants shed significant light on the interaction between Medieval theory and practice. and illustrate the interaction between theory and practice. Music manuscripts, Melodic variants, chromaticism, medieval theory and practice
Tony K. Stewart
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195392722
- eISBN:
- 9780199777327
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195392722.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
A professional book copyist and already well-traveled among Vaiṣṇavas before studying with the Gosvāmīs in Vraja, Śrīnivāsa was ideally suited to distribute the Caitanya caritāmṛta and Gosvāmī ...
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A professional book copyist and already well-traveled among Vaiṣṇavas before studying with the Gosvāmīs in Vraja, Śrīnivāsa was ideally suited to distribute the Caitanya caritāmṛta and Gosvāmī treatises. Losing the manuscripts made more urgent his mission to consolidate community, so convert Rājā Vīra Hamvīra materially intervened. Śrīnivāsa invited Vaiṣṇavas to regional gatherings, melās, where he distributed copies. Narottama Dāsa hosted the largest festival at Kheturī to install images of Kṛṣṇa, Rādhā, and Caitanya. Planned a year in advance, devotees from all of Bengal and Orissa attended. At the height of one kīrtana session, devotees reported seeing Caitanya and his entourage, dhāma, magically dancing with Śrīnivāsa and the current entourage. At that moment, the Vaiṣṇava community was reconstituted and the Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava world reassembled as a whole. Following the paradigm of replication inherent in this maṇḍala, each guru-lineage was subsequently understood to replicate the original community around Caitanya in a fractal-like history.Less
A professional book copyist and already well-traveled among Vaiṣṇavas before studying with the Gosvāmīs in Vraja, Śrīnivāsa was ideally suited to distribute the Caitanya caritāmṛta and Gosvāmī treatises. Losing the manuscripts made more urgent his mission to consolidate community, so convert Rājā Vīra Hamvīra materially intervened. Śrīnivāsa invited Vaiṣṇavas to regional gatherings, melās, where he distributed copies. Narottama Dāsa hosted the largest festival at Kheturī to install images of Kṛṣṇa, Rādhā, and Caitanya. Planned a year in advance, devotees from all of Bengal and Orissa attended. At the height of one kīrtana session, devotees reported seeing Caitanya and his entourage, dhāma, magically dancing with Śrīnivāsa and the current entourage. At that moment, the Vaiṣṇava community was reconstituted and the Gauḍīya Vaiṣṇava world reassembled as a whole. Following the paradigm of replication inherent in this maṇḍala, each guru-lineage was subsequently understood to replicate the original community around Caitanya in a fractal-like history.
Volker L. Menze
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199534876
- eISBN:
- 9780191716041
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199534876.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
The third chapter focuses on non-Chalcedonian ‘Monks and Monasteries’ as a crucial factor for the establishment of the Syrian Orthodox Church. After the non-Chalcedonian bishops had left their sees, ...
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The third chapter focuses on non-Chalcedonian ‘Monks and Monasteries’ as a crucial factor for the establishment of the Syrian Orthodox Church. After the non-Chalcedonian bishops had left their sees, the monasteries remained the only institutional setting in which the non-Chalcedonian theological tradition and church life could have been preserved. The chapter collects the available data from the sources (printed as well as from manuscripts) in order to record information for every known non-Chalcedonian monastery. It analyses the special cases of Amida and Edessa where the monks resisted violently and compares them with the situation of other monasteries. Although the new Chalcedonian bishops also exiled non-Chalcedonian monks, a majority of the monks could stay in their monasteries and preserve the intellectual resources of the non-Chalcedonian tradition. In other words, John of Ephesus' dramatic picture of Chalcedonian persecutions of monks is cut to size so that we end up with a rather sober sense of politics of the possible in a pre-industrial autocracy.Less
The third chapter focuses on non-Chalcedonian ‘Monks and Monasteries’ as a crucial factor for the establishment of the Syrian Orthodox Church. After the non-Chalcedonian bishops had left their sees, the monasteries remained the only institutional setting in which the non-Chalcedonian theological tradition and church life could have been preserved. The chapter collects the available data from the sources (printed as well as from manuscripts) in order to record information for every known non-Chalcedonian monastery. It analyses the special cases of Amida and Edessa where the monks resisted violently and compares them with the situation of other monasteries. Although the new Chalcedonian bishops also exiled non-Chalcedonian monks, a majority of the monks could stay in their monasteries and preserve the intellectual resources of the non-Chalcedonian tradition. In other words, John of Ephesus' dramatic picture of Chalcedonian persecutions of monks is cut to size so that we end up with a rather sober sense of politics of the possible in a pre-industrial autocracy.
Gawdat Gabra and Hany N. Takla
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789774163111
- eISBN:
- 9781617970481
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- American University in Cairo Press
- DOI:
- 10.5743/cairo/9789774163111.003.0013
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
The Copts gradually neglected the education of their children in literary Coptic. The majority of the scribal works in these centuries were Arabic translations of the original Coptic works. The ...
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The Copts gradually neglected the education of their children in literary Coptic. The majority of the scribal works in these centuries were Arabic translations of the original Coptic works. The inhabitants of Upper Egypt contributed positively to the advancement of Christian knowledge, not only in Upper Egypt, but in Lower Egypt as well as abroad. St. Mena's studio is commended in the excellent role in the conversation and preservation of such deteriorated volumes. It is to be hoped that the same effort can be made in the other dioceses. It is advisable that there be some kind of communication and coordination among all the centers, in Egypt and abroad, to create a comprehensive compilation of the collections from the area, to make it possible to revive the existing tradition in the form of digital copies and through the Internet.Less
The Copts gradually neglected the education of their children in literary Coptic. The majority of the scribal works in these centuries were Arabic translations of the original Coptic works. The inhabitants of Upper Egypt contributed positively to the advancement of Christian knowledge, not only in Upper Egypt, but in Lower Egypt as well as abroad. St. Mena's studio is commended in the excellent role in the conversation and preservation of such deteriorated volumes. It is to be hoped that the same effort can be made in the other dioceses. It is advisable that there be some kind of communication and coordination among all the centers, in Egypt and abroad, to create a comprehensive compilation of the collections from the area, to make it possible to revive the existing tradition in the form of digital copies and through the Internet.
Eyal Ben-Eliyahu, Yehudah Cohn, and Fergus Millar
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265222
- eISBN:
- 9780191771873
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265222.003.0003
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter describes the following Midrashic texts: Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael; Mekhilta DeRabbi Shimon bar Yoṭai; Sifra; Sifre Numbers; Sifre Zuta (Numbers); Sifre Deuteronomy; Mekhilta Deuteronomy ...
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This chapter describes the following Midrashic texts: Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael; Mekhilta DeRabbi Shimon bar Yoṭai; Sifra; Sifre Numbers; Sifre Zuta (Numbers); Sifre Deuteronomy; Mekhilta Deuteronomy (Midrash Tannaim); Sifre Zuta (Deuteronomy); Baraita DeMelekhet HaMishkan; Genesis Rabbah; Leviticus Rabbah; Pesiqta DeRav Kahana; Lamentations Rabbati; Shir HaShirim Rabbah; Esther Rabbah; Ruth Rabbah; and Qohelet Rabbah. For each of these texts, details on the contents, dating, language, printed editions, translations, commentaries, bibliography, electronic resources and manuscripts are covered.Less
This chapter describes the following Midrashic texts: Mekhilta DeRabbi Yishmael; Mekhilta DeRabbi Shimon bar Yoṭai; Sifra; Sifre Numbers; Sifre Zuta (Numbers); Sifre Deuteronomy; Mekhilta Deuteronomy (Midrash Tannaim); Sifre Zuta (Deuteronomy); Baraita DeMelekhet HaMishkan; Genesis Rabbah; Leviticus Rabbah; Pesiqta DeRav Kahana; Lamentations Rabbati; Shir HaShirim Rabbah; Esther Rabbah; Ruth Rabbah; and Qohelet Rabbah. For each of these texts, details on the contents, dating, language, printed editions, translations, commentaries, bibliography, electronic resources and manuscripts are covered.
Michael Lapidge and Peter Matthews
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197263204
- eISBN:
- 9780191734205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197263204.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, Historiography
Vivienne Law acquired a mastery of the field of late antique and early Medieval Latin grammar, her first task was to familiarise herself with the early medieval manuscripts in which grammatical texts ...
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Vivienne Law acquired a mastery of the field of late antique and early Medieval Latin grammar, her first task was to familiarise herself with the early medieval manuscripts in which grammatical texts were transmitted. This task necessitated constant travel to British and continental libraries in order to provide herself with transcriptions of grammatical texts; it also necessitated the acquisition of a huge collection of microfilms of grammatical manuscripts. Her work on these manuscripts soon revealed a vast and uncharted sea of unedited and unstudied grammatical texts, for the most part anonymous. A major component of her life's work was the attempt to chart this sea. Her earliest publications reveal a profound experience of grammatical manuscripts and a refusal simply to reiterate the opinions of earlier scholars. All these publications report new discoveries, such as previously unknown Old English glosses to the Ars grammatica of Tatwine, an early 8th-century Anglo-Saxon grammarian; or unsuspected aspects of the relationship between Anglo-Saxon and continental learning as revealed in the transmission of the grammars of Boniface and Tatwine; or the true nature of the jumbled and misunderstood grammar attributed to the early Irish grammarian Malsachanus.Less
Vivienne Law acquired a mastery of the field of late antique and early Medieval Latin grammar, her first task was to familiarise herself with the early medieval manuscripts in which grammatical texts were transmitted. This task necessitated constant travel to British and continental libraries in order to provide herself with transcriptions of grammatical texts; it also necessitated the acquisition of a huge collection of microfilms of grammatical manuscripts. Her work on these manuscripts soon revealed a vast and uncharted sea of unedited and unstudied grammatical texts, for the most part anonymous. A major component of her life's work was the attempt to chart this sea. Her earliest publications reveal a profound experience of grammatical manuscripts and a refusal simply to reiterate the opinions of earlier scholars. All these publications report new discoveries, such as previously unknown Old English glosses to the Ars grammatica of Tatwine, an early 8th-century Anglo-Saxon grammarian; or unsuspected aspects of the relationship between Anglo-Saxon and continental learning as revealed in the transmission of the grammars of Boniface and Tatwine; or the true nature of the jumbled and misunderstood grammar attributed to the early Irish grammarian Malsachanus.
GIOVANNI ZANOVELLO
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780197265055
- eISBN:
- 9780191754166
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265055.003.0011
- Subject:
- Music, History, Western
How did the frottola inhabit Renaissance palazzi? One almost recoils from placing this unsophisticated music within the system of austere symbols that aristocratic interiors had to convey. This ...
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How did the frottola inhabit Renaissance palazzi? One almost recoils from placing this unsophisticated music within the system of austere symbols that aristocratic interiors had to convey. This apparent contradiction, however, may offer precious insights on the status of music at the turn of the sixteenth century. This chapter describes the layout and content of a Paduan frottola source, MS Modena, Biblioteca Estense, Alpha.F.9.9, and the context in which it originated. The contrast between the highly learned framework and the more vernacular content of this manuscript arguably reflects the tension between humanistic standards required of music and a secular repertory just beginning to adjust to a new role. Only later would music be able to develop the vocabulary for a fruitful dialogue with literary and artistic humanism.Less
How did the frottola inhabit Renaissance palazzi? One almost recoils from placing this unsophisticated music within the system of austere symbols that aristocratic interiors had to convey. This apparent contradiction, however, may offer precious insights on the status of music at the turn of the sixteenth century. This chapter describes the layout and content of a Paduan frottola source, MS Modena, Biblioteca Estense, Alpha.F.9.9, and the context in which it originated. The contrast between the highly learned framework and the more vernacular content of this manuscript arguably reflects the tension between humanistic standards required of music and a secular repertory just beginning to adjust to a new role. Only later would music be able to develop the vocabulary for a fruitful dialogue with literary and artistic humanism.
