Search Results

Retrospective

David Pugmire

in Sound Sentiments: Integrity in the Emotions

Residual issues—emotions need a kind of simplicity, but this is compatible with subtlety. Generally, what is the point of scrutinising the losses of integrity to which emotions are various ... More

Residual issues—emotions need a kind of simplicity, but this is compatible with subtlety. Generally, what is the point of scrutinising the losses of integrity to which emotions are various susceptible? Isn’t this over-sophisticated, and shouldn’t feeling good not be enough? The answer is no: the costs of emotion’s foibles are themselves emotional.Less

From Popular Dissatisfaction to Populism: Democracy, Constitutionalism, and Corruption

Yves Mény

in Governing Europe

The lack of confidence of citizens in their democratic institutions is not new, although the current context differs in various ways: first, the unchallenged supremacy of the two victorious paradigms ... More

The lack of confidence of citizens in their democratic institutions is not new, although the current context differs in various ways: first, the unchallenged supremacy of the two victorious paradigms of market and democracy; second, the weaker capacity of new or old democracies to deal with the new challenges they have to face; and third, the relative position of market and democracy, which has changed in favour of the market and to the detriment of democracy. The chapter first considers the nature of the democratic malaise and its manifestations; has it to do with the democratic principle itself or is it only a temporary dissatisfaction with elites, parties and political organizations? Two complementary explanations are then offered to interpret the birth and expansion of this phenomenon: the structural explanation emphasizes the tension between the constitutionalist and the popular dimension of contemporary democracies; the conjunctural explanation relates to political corruption, which became so pervasive in the 1990s and contributed to the delegitimation of representatives and of the principle of representation in many European countries, populism and populist dichotomy.Less

‘Malaise Alsacien’—Malaise féminin? Alsatian Women's Identity in Question, 1918–39

Elizabeth Vlossak

in Marianne or Germania?: Nationalizing Women in Alsace, 1870-1946

The administrative, legal, civil, constitutional and political transitions that took place in Alsace and Lorraine after 1918 caused the ‘Malaise alsacien’. This chapter explores the extent to which ... More

The administrative, legal, civil, constitutional and political transitions that took place in Alsace and Lorraine after 1918 caused the ‘Malaise alsacien’. This chapter explores the extent to which this malaise was gendered, and whether it led Alsatian women to question their national loyalties and identity. The controversial identity card system illuminates how French nationality laws discriminated against married women, an issue that became a cause célèbre of the French feminist movement throughout the 1920s. The newly-adopted French Civil Code curtailed the rights of Alsatian women who also remained entirely excluded from formal politics, unlike German women who won the right to vote in 1918. However, while Alsatian women actively opposed French attempts to secularize the region after 1924, they did not join French feminist organizations in great numbers, nor did they participate in the regionalist and autonomist movements, or receive support from German nationalist women's associations.Less

Personal Secrets, Ethical Questions

John Haule

in Teaching Jung

This chapter surveys the biographical landscape of Jung's life not only in terms of what his critics and disciples have said about him but also in relation to Jung's own criticism of his work and ... More

This chapter surveys the biographical landscape of Jung's life not only in terms of what his critics and disciples have said about him but also in relation to Jung's own criticism of his work and himself. Jung knew that his ideas and behavior were likely to prompt condemnation from many different directions, and the chapter chronicles his efforts to respond to the charges while accounting for the irrational vehemence of some of his critics. the chapter offers a detailed meta-analysis of biographical writings about Jung in which the controversies are highlighted as opportunities for a better understanding of Jung's psychology. Particularly on the subject of religion, which by all accounts fascinated him throughout his life, Jung diagnosed a spiritual malaise in modern society that angered religious and secular people alike. The study of the multifaceted myths surrounding Jung's life reveals a man of his time, a figure who embodied many of the complex religious crosscurrents of modern society.Less

A Decade of Malaise

Antonio M. Gotto and Jennifer Moon

in Weill Cornell Medicine: A History of Cornell's Medical School

This chapter explains that the term “malaise” is frequently used to describe the 1970s, a decade generally remembered for its economic and political woes. The United States was plunged into a deep ... More

This chapter explains that the term “malaise” is frequently used to describe the 1970s, a decade generally remembered for its economic and political woes. The United States was plunged into a deep recession in 1973. Medical schools, hospitals, and the health care system were certainly affected. Health care costs escalated rapidly, and the public became increasingly aware of factors that were contributing to a rise in chronic conditions. University medical schools like Cornell University Medical College were forced to tread a fine line between charting a socially responsive course and maintaining a commitment to academic scholarship. By the end of the decade, the situation at Cornell had turned dire. Serious reservations regarding the quality of its students and faculty had emerged, relations with New York Hospital had taken a turn for the worse, and financial problems appeared insurmountable.Less

Reluctant Landscapes

François G. Richard

in Reluctant Landscapes: Historical Anthropologies of Political Experience in Siin, Senegal

Chapter 1 opens with an ethnographic look at Siin’s rural landscapes and the political marginalization that the province has suffered since the days of independence in 1960. Moving away from ideas of ... More

Chapter 1 opens with an ethnographic look at Siin’s rural landscapes and the political marginalization that the province has suffered since the days of independence in 1960. Moving away from ideas of space as map, physical setting, or background, it builds on Seereer people’s relationship to their agrarian milieu to develop a theory of political landscape. This approach centers on three elements: first, landscapes are multi-temporal they conjoin the remains of many historical times at once, making it possible to track the traces different histories left on them; second, landscapes are inclusive. They conserve material traces of elite and nonelite communities alike. Political worlds are not the sole province of the powerful but contrarian terrains constructed in dialogue with those the powerful seek to control; and, lastly, landscapes are ‘chancy’; that is, they are not completely amenable to political engineering. This unpredictability confers a certain reluctance to Siin’s landscapes, in that they sometimes get in the way of power, testing the wills and designs of political actors. For these reasons, landscapes open a unique, long-term window onto material struggles over sovereignty and autonomy in coastal Senegal.Less

1879–1881

Roland John Wiley

in Tchaikovsky

Circumstances in 1879–1881 produced a malaise that brought Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in 1881 to the nadir of his life. That year, The Maid of Orleans kept him in St. Petersburg, but the other works he ... More

Circumstances in 1879–1881 produced a malaise that brought Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in 1881 to the nadir of his life. That year, The Maid of Orleans kept him in St. Petersburg, but the other works he began and ended in Western Europe, while every summer, he stayed at Kamenka. Tchaikovsky spent January 1879 in Clarens working on The Maid. Two points of biography are important to the composition of this opera: the obscurity of why he chose it and his manner of composition once he did. Early in 1878 he had indicated to Sergey Ivanovich Taneyev that what he needed in opera was an intimate, powerful drama, specifically ruling out grand opera with its “tsars, tsaritsas, people's rebellions, battles, [and] marches.” Eleven months later, in choosing The Maid, he had reversed himself without explanation.Less

Conclusion: A Metahistory

Daniel Belgrad

in The Culture of Feedback: Ecological Thinking in Seventies America

Recovering the history of the culture of feedback compels us to reimagine the seventies as something other than the decade of malaise. That historiographical trope, inherited from contemporary ... More

Recovering the history of the culture of feedback compels us to reimagine the seventies as something other than the decade of malaise. That historiographical trope, inherited from contemporary critics Tom Wolfe (the "Me Decade") and Christopher Lasch (the "culture of narcissism"), distorts the meanings of both the sixties counterculture and the Reagan revolution, as well as of the seventies decade. In truth, ecological thinking offered a model for different forms of relationship—both among people, and between people and the rest of nature—that continues to shape the American path into postmodernity.Less

Malaise, Vomiting, and the Beginning of “Extreme Spasmodic Daily & Nightly Flatulence”

Ralph Colp Jr. M.D.

in Darwin's Illness

From April to December, 1839, Charles Darwin often suffered from a malaise that depressed his capacities for socialization and work. In 1840, his illness worsened in two ways. At first, he had two ... More

From April to December, 1839, Charles Darwin often suffered from a malaise that depressed his capacities for socialization and work. In 1840, his illness worsened in two ways. At first, he had two new symptoms: periodic vomiting and flatulence, which continued for about two months. Then in the summer and fall of 1840, when he was with Emma in Maer during the first trimester of her second pregnancy, he had a second worsening of illness. His symptoms from the end of July through most of September, as recorded in Emma's diary, comprised “great flatulence”, languor, and vomiting in the day and night, which was more frequent than it had been previously. Mental stresses from Darwin's family life and his scientific work, as well as the infection with Chagas' disease along with mental stresses were the causes of his illness. The decline in physical vigor that he observed in himself at the age of thirty-three was the result of his experiencing frequent episodes of mental and physical fatigue, along with the discomforts and pains of daily and nightly episodes of flatulence.Less

Lower Limb—Pelvis, Hip, Femur, Knee, and Tibia

Alex Trompeter and David Elliott (eds)

in Trauma for the FRCS (Tr + Orth) Examination

Questions Disruption of the iliopectineal line on an anteroposterior radiograph suggests a fracture of which of the following structures of the acetabulum? Select the single most appropriate ... More

Questions Disruption of the iliopectineal line on an anteroposterior radiograph suggests a fracture of which of the following structures of the acetabulum? Select the single most appropriate answer. Anterior column Anterior wall Posterior column Posterior wall Quadrilateral plate Which of the following would...Less

Militant Enmity

Julia M. Eckert

in The Charisma of Direct Action: Power, Politics, and the Shiv Sena

This chapter investigates the discursive legitimization of the Sena's mode of operation. Action, struggle, ‘getting things done’, and the defence of the community are the basic elements of the Shiv ... More

This chapter investigates the discursive legitimization of the Sena's mode of operation. Action, struggle, ‘getting things done’, and the defence of the community are the basic elements of the Shiv Sena's ideology and self-representation. The Shiv Sena has wooed many of its former ‘enemies’, and has also frequently entered into strategic alliances with organizations of its ‘enemies’ in order to win formal positions of power. The author describes how ‘enemy images’ (of the South Indian, the communists, the Muslims etc.) have been the mainstay of the Shiv Sena’s stances. This has also led to their defining who a legitimate citizen is, and to drawing borders between an in-group and the ‘others’, which is fundamental to Sena's politics. The author describes the ideology of Hindutva and how the Shiv Sena believes that it can provide militant, action-oriented solutions to redress the malaise of the Indian State.Less

In a Common Catastrophe All Men Should Be Brothers

Sherry Johnson

in Climate and Catastrophe in Cuba and the Atlantic World in the Age of Revolution

This chapter discusses the correspondence between Captain General de la Torre and treasury official Eligio de la Puente, the disenchantment of which was symptomatic of the problems that would compel ... More

This chapter discusses the correspondence between Captain General de la Torre and treasury official Eligio de la Puente, the disenchantment of which was symptomatic of the problems that would compel a new approach toward colonial affairs. The question of how to deal with the economic malaise generated by bad weather and the ensuing environmental crisis, the consequences of which had spread throughout Spain's empire, occupied the full attention of royal officials. The political setting exacerbated rather than alleviated the problems at hand. In 1775, Spain suffered another and more significant military defeat in Algeria in North Africa. Poor planning and poor leadership caused the deaths of over 1,500 young Spanish soldiers, and the resulting public outrage forced a reorganization in Charles III's advisory councils.Less

Constraint and compromise: university researchers, their relation to funders and to policymaking for a multiethnic Britain

Charles Husband

in Research and policy in ethnic relations: Compromised dynamics in a neoliberal era

This chapter provides an experientially based robust critique of the penetration of neoliberal ideologies into university management and professional practice. It discusses the role of professional ... More

This chapter provides an experientially based robust critique of the penetration of neoliberal ideologies into university management and professional practice. It discusses the role of professional identities in the individual, and collective, response to institutional micromanagement; and outlines the consequent distortions introduced into research practice. It explicitly calls into question the legitimacy of academic researchers’ claims to operate independently, and to be capable of fulsomely carrying out of their professional research obligations in the current university environment.Less

Dictatorship and deadlock

Ian Holliday

in Burma Redux: Global Justice and the Quest for Political Reform in Myanmar

This chapter analyzes government by junta from 1988 to 2011. In September 1988, the restoration of military power subjected the country that would soon be called Myanmar to a fresh dictatorship. The ... More

This chapter analyzes government by junta from 1988 to 2011. In September 1988, the restoration of military power subjected the country that would soon be called Myanmar to a fresh dictatorship. The government by junta generated significant change in national development, and in key respects recasted the political landscape. Examining the period in some detail allows the assessment of Myanmar at the start of its experiment in praetorian democracy, and enables it to be more than a mere snapshot. The chapter looks at political dispute, economic malaise, and social control under the generals before closing with an evaluation. Its twin themes are the dictatorship that dominated the country for more than two decades, and the deadlock that was a direct political consequence.Less

The Industrial Ideal, 1944–1958

Venus Bivar

in Organic Resistance: The Struggle over Industrial Farming in Postwar France

After the Second World War, the French Planning Office was tasked with two goals: short-term reconstruction and long-term economic modernization. At the heart of these two goals was the agricultural ... More

After the Second World War, the French Planning Office was tasked with two goals: short-term reconstruction and long-term economic modernization. At the heart of these two goals was the agricultural sector. In the short-term, getting agricultural back online would put a stop to rations; in the long-term, a competitive export-led farm sector would fix balance-of-payments deficits and fuel modernization in the secondary and tertiary sectors. Land use policy was key to agricultural modernization. In the early years of the postwar period, remembrement was the primary mechanism used to consolidate farms and improve productivity. To consolidate and increase the size of their holdings, farmers took on massive amounts of debt, betting that the new markets of European integration would improve their revenues. When it became clear that only a small handful of farmers would benefit from modernization, farm unions organized protests and the public media took notice of the "farm problem."Less

Conclusion

in Black 1919: Riots, Racism and Resistance in Imperial Britain

During 1919, the ports riot showed the deep sense of disquiet in British society in the immediate post-war period. The weak level of sailors' union organisation played a crucial role in the eruption ... More

During 1919, the ports riot showed the deep sense of disquiet in British society in the immediate post-war period. The weak level of sailors' union organisation played a crucial role in the eruption of the riots, during and after which, black rioters and unemployed black workers defended their rights. The rioting was aimed at those considered as unfair economic competitors, as well as the ship owners. The events of the riots and the motivations of riot participants revealed that the riots in the seaports of Britain were not ‘mob’ violence. In 1920 and 1921, the recurrence of rioting in the ports served as a reminder that far-flung disorder was not restricted to the year 1919 and its connections with demobilisation and post-war social malaise. Rioting also recurred later in the twentieth century, most notably in 1948, 1958/59, the early 1960s, the late 1970s, and the 1980s.Less

Misdiagnosing the Human Rights Malaise: Possible Lessons from the Danish Chairmanship of the Council of Europe

Jacques Hartmann

in The Global Community Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence 2018

Contemporary populism is antagonistic towards human rights. As a result, the challenges now facing the human rights movement are fundamentally different from those of the past. Yet, proposed remedies ... More

Contemporary populism is antagonistic towards human rights. As a result, the challenges now facing the human rights movement are fundamentally different from those of the past. Yet, proposed remedies to this malaise often seem ill-conceived. Populists tend to claim that the institutions charged with the protection of fundamental rights not only limit the capacity of the people to exercise their rightful power but are also the source of a growing discontent with the system itself. This narrative is often uncritically accepted and leads to suggestions that human rights must be fundamentally reformed. Although intuitively appealing, such suggestions commonly lack support from empirical evidence. In addition, much of the debate seemingly starts from the premise that the public is fully informed. Using Denmark as a case study, this Note shows that existing assumptions may be questioned. It further suggests that it may be dangerous to propose a cure before the malaise has been properly diagnosed.Less

Analysis of bulk samples

Pierre Taberlet, Aurélie Bonin, Lucie Zinger, and Eric Coissac

in Environmental DNA: For Biodiversity Research and Monitoring

Chapter 18 “Analysis of bulk samples” deals with the particular case of biodiversity surveys based on bulk samples. A bulk sample is an environmental sample containing mainly organisms from the ... More

Chapter 18 “Analysis of bulk samples” deals with the particular case of biodiversity surveys based on bulk samples. A bulk sample is an environmental sample containing mainly organisms from the taxonomic group under study, such as insect samples obtained from a Malaise trap, or eukaryote-enriched samples obtained from filtered or size-fractionated water samples. One important characteristic of bulk samples is that they usually provide good-quality DNA in high amounts. Chapter 18 presents several seminal studies based on bulk samples that aimed at monitoring arthropod, nematode, or marine metazoan diversity. The advantages and limitations of the classical barcoding COI marker versus metabarcoding markers for bulk sample analysis are also discussed. Finally, Chapter 18 reviews two alternative strategies to limit the taxonomic biases associated with the use of the COI marker (i.e., mitochondrial enrichment via differential centrifugation or capture, followed by extraction and shotgun sequencing).Less