Cordelia Beattie
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199283415
- eISBN:
- 9780191712616
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199283415.003.0007
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This conclusion reflects on how the power of classification resides as much in language, in dominant cultural ideas that influence and inflect language use, as with individual classifiers. Key ...
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This conclusion reflects on how the power of classification resides as much in language, in dominant cultural ideas that influence and inflect language use, as with individual classifiers. Key factors affecting the cultural construction of categories include dominant religious and legal ideas in particular historical contexts, although the specific intentions of particular texts do affect how categories are deployed. The category ‘single woman’ has been shown to interact with those of ‘maiden’ and ‘widow’, whatever language is used, from the 13th century and into the 17th century. Its analysis pointed out various paths through the labyrinthine world of social classification, illustrating the interconnectedness of medieval culture, the complex relationship between representation and social reality, and the competing and overlapping nature of social categories.Less
This conclusion reflects on how the power of classification resides as much in language, in dominant cultural ideas that influence and inflect language use, as with individual classifiers. Key factors affecting the cultural construction of categories include dominant religious and legal ideas in particular historical contexts, although the specific intentions of particular texts do affect how categories are deployed. The category ‘single woman’ has been shown to interact with those of ‘maiden’ and ‘widow’, whatever language is used, from the 13th century and into the 17th century. Its analysis pointed out various paths through the labyrinthine world of social classification, illustrating the interconnectedness of medieval culture, the complex relationship between representation and social reality, and the competing and overlapping nature of social categories.
Emily Frey
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780691182711
- eISBN:
- 9780691185514
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691182711.003.0002
- Subject:
- Music, Opera
This chapter looks at Rimsky-Korsakov's Snegurochka (The Snow Maiden) in the political context of the era, namely within a particular branch of 1870s populism that extolled “harmonious communal ...
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This chapter looks at Rimsky-Korsakov's Snegurochka (The Snow Maiden) in the political context of the era, namely within a particular branch of 1870s populism that extolled “harmonious communal ritual, agrarian prehistory, and the development of individual feeling.” Together, the Snegurochkas of Alexander Ostrovsky and Rimsky-Korsakov offer perhaps the clearest representations in art of the populist notion of the ideal past, depicting the prehistoric village as a site of social cooperation and humane politics. Indeed, in his adaptation of Snegurochka, Rimsky-Korsakov united an idealized vision of the past with the progress of private, inner feeling. Meanwhile, Russia's thick journals of the seventies brimmed with articles by populist thinkers like Nikolai Mikhailovsky and stories about village life by writers such as Gleb Uspensky and Nikolai Zlatovratsky.Less
This chapter looks at Rimsky-Korsakov's Snegurochka (The Snow Maiden) in the political context of the era, namely within a particular branch of 1870s populism that extolled “harmonious communal ritual, agrarian prehistory, and the development of individual feeling.” Together, the Snegurochkas of Alexander Ostrovsky and Rimsky-Korsakov offer perhaps the clearest representations in art of the populist notion of the ideal past, depicting the prehistoric village as a site of social cooperation and humane politics. Indeed, in his adaptation of Snegurochka, Rimsky-Korsakov united an idealized vision of the past with the progress of private, inner feeling. Meanwhile, Russia's thick journals of the seventies brimmed with articles by populist thinkers like Nikolai Mikhailovsky and stories about village life by writers such as Gleb Uspensky and Nikolai Zlatovratsky.
Cordelia Beattie
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199283415
- eISBN:
- 9780191712616
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199283415.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This introductory chapter discusses the types of classification considered in the book (interpretative schemes, which divide society into various subgroups, and the labelling of named individuals), ...
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This introductory chapter discusses the types of classification considered in the book (interpretative schemes, which divide society into various subgroups, and the labelling of named individuals), and the sources that these are drawn from. It argues that a focus on the troubling category ‘single woman’ entails thinking about how medieval women are classified generally and, in particular, how the category relates to others such as ‘maiden’, ‘widow’, and ‘whore’. The emphasis on language means that the study goes into certain areas in depth, rather than attempt a broad survey of how the category ‘single woman’ was used in late medieval England. These case studies are briefly outlined.Less
This introductory chapter discusses the types of classification considered in the book (interpretative schemes, which divide society into various subgroups, and the labelling of named individuals), and the sources that these are drawn from. It argues that a focus on the troubling category ‘single woman’ entails thinking about how medieval women are classified generally and, in particular, how the category relates to others such as ‘maiden’, ‘widow’, and ‘whore’. The emphasis on language means that the study goes into certain areas in depth, rather than attempt a broad survey of how the category ‘single woman’ was used in late medieval England. These case studies are briefly outlined.
Cordelia Beattie
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199283415
- eISBN:
- 9780191712616
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199283415.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This chapter first considers what prompts the use of the category ‘single woman’ in some guild returns of 1388-9. The contention is that the category carries with it connotations of the legal ...
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This chapter first considers what prompts the use of the category ‘single woman’ in some guild returns of 1388-9. The contention is that the category carries with it connotations of the legal construct femme sole, that is, a woman who was not under coverture and thus was legally and economically independent. The chapter then turns to guild registers and account books, which record the entry and transactions of individual members. It focuses on the Register of the Guild of the Holy Cross, Stratford-upon-Avon, which continues to uses the categories ‘maiden’ and ‘widow’ for unmarried women but introduces the vernacular term ‘sengilman’ for unmarried (probably never-married) men in the 15th century. This again suggests that the classification of individuals entailed value-laden choices and one must consider the potentially different moral associations of categories.Less
This chapter first considers what prompts the use of the category ‘single woman’ in some guild returns of 1388-9. The contention is that the category carries with it connotations of the legal construct femme sole, that is, a woman who was not under coverture and thus was legally and economically independent. The chapter then turns to guild registers and account books, which record the entry and transactions of individual members. It focuses on the Register of the Guild of the Holy Cross, Stratford-upon-Avon, which continues to uses the categories ‘maiden’ and ‘widow’ for unmarried women but introduces the vernacular term ‘sengilman’ for unmarried (probably never-married) men in the 15th century. This again suggests that the classification of individuals entailed value-laden choices and one must consider the potentially different moral associations of categories.
JOHN J. RICHETTI
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198112631
- eISBN:
- 9780191670824
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198112631.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature
This chapter discusses the intensity of the myth of persecuted innocence on eighteenth-century readers and continues a schematization of the myth of female innocence destroyed by a world of male ...
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This chapter discusses the intensity of the myth of persecuted innocence on eighteenth-century readers and continues a schematization of the myth of female innocence destroyed by a world of male corruption. It is shown that the persecuted maiden becomes even more spiritualized as a figure and the values that she embodies become more overtly religious.Less
This chapter discusses the intensity of the myth of persecuted innocence on eighteenth-century readers and continues a schematization of the myth of female innocence destroyed by a world of male corruption. It is shown that the persecuted maiden becomes even more spiritualized as a figure and the values that she embodies become more overtly religious.
Tanya Pollard
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199270835
- eISBN:
- 9780191710322
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199270835.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter examines the threat that female beauty posed for men. A surprising number of plays from this period dramatize the motif of death by poisoned kiss. The chapter focuses on three plays: ...
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This chapter examines the threat that female beauty posed for men. A surprising number of plays from this period dramatize the motif of death by poisoned kiss. The chapter focuses on three plays: Middleton’s The Second Maiden’s Tragedy, Massinger’s The Duke of Milan, and The Revenger’s Tragedy, in which men die from necrophilic embraces with female corpses painted with poisons. It is argued that these plays identify sexuality, particularly the desirable female body, with both remedy and poison. Furthermore, these plays identify an idolatrous attraction to painted corpses with the risks of being seduced by the artificial world of the theater.Less
This chapter examines the threat that female beauty posed for men. A surprising number of plays from this period dramatize the motif of death by poisoned kiss. The chapter focuses on three plays: Middleton’s The Second Maiden’s Tragedy, Massinger’s The Duke of Milan, and The Revenger’s Tragedy, in which men die from necrophilic embraces with female corpses painted with poisons. It is argued that these plays identify sexuality, particularly the desirable female body, with both remedy and poison. Furthermore, these plays identify an idolatrous attraction to painted corpses with the risks of being seduced by the artificial world of the theater.
Matilda Tomaryn Bruckner
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199557219
- eISBN:
- 9780191720932
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199557219.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature, European Literature
Chapter 2 analyzes the relationship within couples by following the interplay between sexuality, retelling, and rewriting. Perceval's comic caricature of rape, when he finds a beautiful maiden ...
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Chapter 2 analyzes the relationship within couples by following the interplay between sexuality, retelling, and rewriting. Perceval's comic caricature of rape, when he finds a beautiful maiden sleeping in a tent is reinvented as a more serious erotic encounter for Gauvain in the First Continuation. Although seduced by a maid eagerly awaiting his arrival at her tent, he later retells their story as rape. Gerbert gives Gauvain's adventure another turn in the Fourth Continuation, where it is replayed as a real rape, subsequently transformed into love. These variations show how the relationship between love and the Grail remains unresolved across the cycle, even as competing ideologies (Christian and chivalric) reorient the tale.Less
Chapter 2 analyzes the relationship within couples by following the interplay between sexuality, retelling, and rewriting. Perceval's comic caricature of rape, when he finds a beautiful maiden sleeping in a tent is reinvented as a more serious erotic encounter for Gauvain in the First Continuation. Although seduced by a maid eagerly awaiting his arrival at her tent, he later retells their story as rape. Gerbert gives Gauvain's adventure another turn in the Fourth Continuation, where it is replayed as a real rape, subsequently transformed into love. These variations show how the relationship between love and the Grail remains unresolved across the cycle, even as competing ideologies (Christian and chivalric) reorient the tale.
M. Elise Marubbio
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813124148
- eISBN:
- 9780813134710
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813124148.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This book examines the fascinating and often disturbing portrayal of Native American women in film. Through discussion of thirty-four Hollywood films from the silent period to the present, the book ...
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This book examines the fascinating and often disturbing portrayal of Native American women in film. Through discussion of thirty-four Hollywood films from the silent period to the present, the book examines the sacrificial role of what it terms the “Celluloid Maiden”—a young Native woman who allies herself with a white male hero and dies as a result of that choice. The book intertwines theories of colonization, gender, race, and film studies to ground the study in socio-historical context all in an attempt to define what it means to be an American. As the book charts the consistent depiction of the Celluloid Maiden, it uncovers two primary characterizations: the Celluloid Princess and the Sexualized Maiden. This book reveals a cultural iconography about Native Americans and their role in the frontier embedded in the American psyche. The Native American woman is a racialized and sexualized other; a conquerable body representing both the seductions and the dangers of the frontier. These films show her being colonized and suffering at the hands of Manifest Destiny and American expansionism, but the book argues that the Native American woman also represents a threat to the idea of a white America. The complexity and longevity of the Celluloid Maiden icon—persisting into the twenty-first century—symbolizes an identity crisis about the composition of the American national body that has played over and over throughout different eras and political climates. Ultimately, the book establishes that the ongoing representation of the Celluloid Maiden signals the continuing development and justification of American colonialism.Less
This book examines the fascinating and often disturbing portrayal of Native American women in film. Through discussion of thirty-four Hollywood films from the silent period to the present, the book examines the sacrificial role of what it terms the “Celluloid Maiden”—a young Native woman who allies herself with a white male hero and dies as a result of that choice. The book intertwines theories of colonization, gender, race, and film studies to ground the study in socio-historical context all in an attempt to define what it means to be an American. As the book charts the consistent depiction of the Celluloid Maiden, it uncovers two primary characterizations: the Celluloid Princess and the Sexualized Maiden. This book reveals a cultural iconography about Native Americans and their role in the frontier embedded in the American psyche. The Native American woman is a racialized and sexualized other; a conquerable body representing both the seductions and the dangers of the frontier. These films show her being colonized and suffering at the hands of Manifest Destiny and American expansionism, but the book argues that the Native American woman also represents a threat to the idea of a white America. The complexity and longevity of the Celluloid Maiden icon—persisting into the twenty-first century—symbolizes an identity crisis about the composition of the American national body that has played over and over throughout different eras and political climates. Ultimately, the book establishes that the ongoing representation of the Celluloid Maiden signals the continuing development and justification of American colonialism.
Stephanie Vander Wel
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780252043086
- eISBN:
- 9780252051944
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252043086.001.0001
- Subject:
- Music, History, American
Well before the success of Loretta Lynn and Dolly Parton, female artists were integral to the commercial expansion and aural reception of country music. Women in early country music took on and ...
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Well before the success of Loretta Lynn and Dolly Parton, female artists were integral to the commercial expansion and aural reception of country music. Women in early country music took on and redefined the theatrical and musical roles of the hillbilly maiden, the unruly Okie, the singing cowgirl, and the honky-tonk angel in live performance, on radio, in film, and in the recording studio. This book accounts for the vibrant presence of female country artists through an interdisciplinary focus on performance and vocal expression in relation to the cultural currents of the 1930s and 1950s. Across a variety of media, women’s country music engendered new ways of making sense of public and private spaces (such as the home, the dance hall, and the honky-tonk) that were integral to the real and imagined lives of working-class women striving for upward social mobility and/or resisting the rigidity of middle-class codes of behavior. Connecting the female singing voice to the theatrics of the popular stage and to the musical practices of specific country styles, this study shows how women in country music wielded a range of performative devices in order to work within and against social and commercial expectations.Less
Well before the success of Loretta Lynn and Dolly Parton, female artists were integral to the commercial expansion and aural reception of country music. Women in early country music took on and redefined the theatrical and musical roles of the hillbilly maiden, the unruly Okie, the singing cowgirl, and the honky-tonk angel in live performance, on radio, in film, and in the recording studio. This book accounts for the vibrant presence of female country artists through an interdisciplinary focus on performance and vocal expression in relation to the cultural currents of the 1930s and 1950s. Across a variety of media, women’s country music engendered new ways of making sense of public and private spaces (such as the home, the dance hall, and the honky-tonk) that were integral to the real and imagined lives of working-class women striving for upward social mobility and/or resisting the rigidity of middle-class codes of behavior. Connecting the female singing voice to the theatrics of the popular stage and to the musical practices of specific country styles, this study shows how women in country music wielded a range of performative devices in order to work within and against social and commercial expectations.
Helen F. Siu (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099692
- eISBN:
- 9789882207189
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099692.003.0011
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter demonstrates the various mobility strategies of women in Guangdong during the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution is characterized by the unusual power of the official rhetoric ...
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This chapter demonstrates the various mobility strategies of women in Guangdong during the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution is characterized by the unusual power of the official rhetoric of revolution, which pushed capitalism to the extreme opposite side of the party line. The rhetoric surrounding the image of the steel maiden demanded conformity, but through the women's individual strategies of using this image, they found fulfillment in their own complicated lives.Less
This chapter demonstrates the various mobility strategies of women in Guangdong during the Cultural Revolution. The Cultural Revolution is characterized by the unusual power of the official rhetoric of revolution, which pushed capitalism to the extreme opposite side of the party line. The rhetoric surrounding the image of the steel maiden demanded conformity, but through the women's individual strategies of using this image, they found fulfillment in their own complicated lives.
Aloni Udi
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231157599
- eISBN:
- 9780231527378
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231157599.003.0038
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
In this tribute to Juliano Mer Khamis, who founded the Freedom Theatre at the heart of the Jenin refugee camp with Zakaria Zubeidi, the author comments on the theatrical performance of Alice in ...
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In this tribute to Juliano Mer Khamis, who founded the Freedom Theatre at the heart of the Jenin refugee camp with Zakaria Zubeidi, the author comments on the theatrical performance of Alice in Wonderland, directed by Mer Khamis himself. He reflects on the role of art through theater in the struggle against the Israeli Occupation of Palestinian territories and cites Mer Khamis's other directorial work, Death and the Maiden. Finally, he recalls Mer Khamis's reply when asked what he had learned from the double experience inside the 1948 borders and as a director of Palestinian theater: “The Palestinian audience is prepared to see, experience, and hear texts that are much more audacious than those which Palestinian creators are willing—or dare!—to put before it. But a new generation of creators has arisen; they don't self-censor, they don't reign themselves in, not with regard to the Occupation and not with regard to the internal, repressive tradition.”Less
In this tribute to Juliano Mer Khamis, who founded the Freedom Theatre at the heart of the Jenin refugee camp with Zakaria Zubeidi, the author comments on the theatrical performance of Alice in Wonderland, directed by Mer Khamis himself. He reflects on the role of art through theater in the struggle against the Israeli Occupation of Palestinian territories and cites Mer Khamis's other directorial work, Death and the Maiden. Finally, he recalls Mer Khamis's reply when asked what he had learned from the double experience inside the 1948 borders and as a director of Palestinian theater: “The Palestinian audience is prepared to see, experience, and hear texts that are much more audacious than those which Palestinian creators are willing—or dare!—to put before it. But a new generation of creators has arisen; they don't self-censor, they don't reign themselves in, not with regard to the Occupation and not with regard to the internal, repressive tradition.”
Leonore Davidoff
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199546480
- eISBN:
- 9780191730993
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199546480.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Social History, Family History
The terms aunt and uncle may be associated with seniority and interference or attractive difference from parents. These relatives had little legal responsibility for their nieces and nephews. But ...
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The terms aunt and uncle may be associated with seniority and interference or attractive difference from parents. These relatives had little legal responsibility for their nieces and nephews. But maiden aunts frequently cared for them, sometimes as mother substitutes. Aunts and uncles gave financial and material help and provided contacts in furthering marriages and careers. The wide age range in the long family meant that the children of older siblings had young aunts and uncles, possibly of a similar age to nieces and nephews. Youngsters were sent to aunts and uncles in times of illness, poverty, or other difficulties at home. As they grew older nieces and nephews provided help and support to aunts and uncles in a relationship of interdependence. Numerous cousins spent time together, many becoming close friends. Kinship networks created by these relationships were a source of personal identity, practical support and influence, both positive and negative.Less
The terms aunt and uncle may be associated with seniority and interference or attractive difference from parents. These relatives had little legal responsibility for their nieces and nephews. But maiden aunts frequently cared for them, sometimes as mother substitutes. Aunts and uncles gave financial and material help and provided contacts in furthering marriages and careers. The wide age range in the long family meant that the children of older siblings had young aunts and uncles, possibly of a similar age to nieces and nephews. Youngsters were sent to aunts and uncles in times of illness, poverty, or other difficulties at home. As they grew older nieces and nephews provided help and support to aunts and uncles in a relationship of interdependence. Numerous cousins spent time together, many becoming close friends. Kinship networks created by these relationships were a source of personal identity, practical support and influence, both positive and negative.
Tanya Cheadle
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526125255
- eISBN:
- 9781526152060
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526125262.00007
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter examines the sexual progressivism of Bella and Charles Pearce, important figures within the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in 1890s Glasgow. Bella wrote as ‘Lily Bell’ for the Labour ...
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This chapter examines the sexual progressivism of Bella and Charles Pearce, important figures within the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in 1890s Glasgow. Bella wrote as ‘Lily Bell’ for the Labour Leader, her column ‘Matrons and Maidens’ providing a weekly feminist critique of contemporary sexual relations, addressing topics including the sexual double standard, prostitution and ‘free love’. Charles Pearce was equally committed to women’s rights, described as one of the era’s ‘new men’. Their route to radical politics was via Chartism and the Ruskin Society, and they initially believed ‘new life’ or ethical socialism held the potential to transform intimate relations. However, during this decade, the relationship between those campaigning for socialism and women’s suffrage was fraught, the chapter providing evidence of the sexualisation of female activists by male socialist writers and of James Keir Hardie’s elision of gender exploitation in his reading of an 1896 brothel scandal. Bella’s eventual denunciation of the ILP as a ‘man’s party’ in 1907, it is argued here, is reflective of the difficulties faced by those putting forward a feminist sexual politics within the masculinist rhetoric and practice of late Victorian socialism.Less
This chapter examines the sexual progressivism of Bella and Charles Pearce, important figures within the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in 1890s Glasgow. Bella wrote as ‘Lily Bell’ for the Labour Leader, her column ‘Matrons and Maidens’ providing a weekly feminist critique of contemporary sexual relations, addressing topics including the sexual double standard, prostitution and ‘free love’. Charles Pearce was equally committed to women’s rights, described as one of the era’s ‘new men’. Their route to radical politics was via Chartism and the Ruskin Society, and they initially believed ‘new life’ or ethical socialism held the potential to transform intimate relations. However, during this decade, the relationship between those campaigning for socialism and women’s suffrage was fraught, the chapter providing evidence of the sexualisation of female activists by male socialist writers and of James Keir Hardie’s elision of gender exploitation in his reading of an 1896 brothel scandal. Bella’s eventual denunciation of the ILP as a ‘man’s party’ in 1907, it is argued here, is reflective of the difficulties faced by those putting forward a feminist sexual politics within the masculinist rhetoric and practice of late Victorian socialism.
Christopher Reid
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199581092
- eISBN:
- 9780191745621
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199581092.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 18th-century Literature, European Literature
This chapter looks at the education of the eighteenth-century parliamentary elite and considers how school and university prepared them for a role in public life. It begins with the idea of liberal ...
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This chapter looks at the education of the eighteenth-century parliamentary elite and considers how school and university prepared them for a role in public life. It begins with the idea of liberal education, and asks how far Roman models of the making of the orator (especially those set down by Cicero and Quintilian) retained their influence in a commercial age. In eighteenth-century England, as in republican Rome, a preparation for public life turned on moments of initiation and trial. Focusing on the unusually well-recorded educational career of one MP, Viscount Althorp, the chapter reconstructs these moments in the training of the public speaker, with a particular emphasis on rhetorical exercises such as declamation. It concludes with the most daunting trial of all, the maiden speech in the House of Commons, and the methods used by MPs such as George Canning to survive it successfully.Less
This chapter looks at the education of the eighteenth-century parliamentary elite and considers how school and university prepared them for a role in public life. It begins with the idea of liberal education, and asks how far Roman models of the making of the orator (especially those set down by Cicero and Quintilian) retained their influence in a commercial age. In eighteenth-century England, as in republican Rome, a preparation for public life turned on moments of initiation and trial. Focusing on the unusually well-recorded educational career of one MP, Viscount Althorp, the chapter reconstructs these moments in the training of the public speaker, with a particular emphasis on rhetorical exercises such as declamation. It concludes with the most daunting trial of all, the maiden speech in the House of Commons, and the methods used by MPs such as George Canning to survive it successfully.
Nathaniel Deutsch
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520231917
- eISBN:
- 9780520927971
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520231917.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Hannah Rochel Verbermacher, a Hasidic holy woman known as the Maiden of Ludmir, was born in early-nineteenth-century Russia and became famous as the only woman in the three-hundred-year history of ...
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Hannah Rochel Verbermacher, a Hasidic holy woman known as the Maiden of Ludmir, was born in early-nineteenth-century Russia and became famous as the only woman in the three-hundred-year history of Hasidism to function as a rebbe—or charismatic leader—in her own right. This book follows the traces left by the Maiden in both history and legend to fully explore her story for the first time. It offers insights into the Jewish mystical tradition, into the Maiden's place within it, and into the remarkable Jewish community of Ludmir. Her biography ultimately becomes a provocative meditation on the complex relationships between history and memory, Judaism and modernity. History first finds the Maiden in the eastern European town of Ludmir, venerated by her followers as a master of the Kabbalah, teacher, and visionary, and accused by her detractors of being possessed by a dybbuk, or evil spirit. The book traces the Maiden's steps from Ludmir to Ottoman Palestine, where she eventually immigrated and re-established herself as a holy woman. While the Maiden's story—including her adamant refusal to marry—recalls the lives of holy women in other traditions, it also brings to light the largely unwritten history of early-modern Jewish women. To this day, her transgressive behavior, a challenge to traditional Jewish views of gender and sexuality, continues to inspire debate and, sometimes, censorship within the Jewish community.Less
Hannah Rochel Verbermacher, a Hasidic holy woman known as the Maiden of Ludmir, was born in early-nineteenth-century Russia and became famous as the only woman in the three-hundred-year history of Hasidism to function as a rebbe—or charismatic leader—in her own right. This book follows the traces left by the Maiden in both history and legend to fully explore her story for the first time. It offers insights into the Jewish mystical tradition, into the Maiden's place within it, and into the remarkable Jewish community of Ludmir. Her biography ultimately becomes a provocative meditation on the complex relationships between history and memory, Judaism and modernity. History first finds the Maiden in the eastern European town of Ludmir, venerated by her followers as a master of the Kabbalah, teacher, and visionary, and accused by her detractors of being possessed by a dybbuk, or evil spirit. The book traces the Maiden's steps from Ludmir to Ottoman Palestine, where she eventually immigrated and re-established herself as a holy woman. While the Maiden's story—including her adamant refusal to marry—recalls the lives of holy women in other traditions, it also brings to light the largely unwritten history of early-modern Jewish women. To this day, her transgressive behavior, a challenge to traditional Jewish views of gender and sexuality, continues to inspire debate and, sometimes, censorship within the Jewish community.
Pamela J. Walker
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520225916
- eISBN:
- 9780520925854
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520225916.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
The Salvation Army believed that the rescue work they carried out was urgent, it was a compelling extension of its spiritual mission. However, as much as the Maiden Tribute case raised public ...
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The Salvation Army believed that the rescue work they carried out was urgent, it was a compelling extension of its spiritual mission. However, as much as the Maiden Tribute case raised public awareness of the Army's rescue work, it also sparked public outrage. These events created a particular challenge for women Salvationists. They exercised their spiritual and sacred authority within a context complicated by accusations of sexual impropriety, excessive public prominence, and expectations of maternal affection and spiritual responsibility. The biographies of three women in this chapter associated with the Army suggest how these issues shaped their careers as Salvationists: Maud Charlesworth, Effie Anthon, and Rebecca Jarrett. In some respects, each woman differed from the typical Hallelujah Lass, but these particularly well-documented lives reveal how Salvationists negotiated the tensions their work and lives engendered.Less
The Salvation Army believed that the rescue work they carried out was urgent, it was a compelling extension of its spiritual mission. However, as much as the Maiden Tribute case raised public awareness of the Army's rescue work, it also sparked public outrage. These events created a particular challenge for women Salvationists. They exercised their spiritual and sacred authority within a context complicated by accusations of sexual impropriety, excessive public prominence, and expectations of maternal affection and spiritual responsibility. The biographies of three women in this chapter associated with the Army suggest how these issues shaped their careers as Salvationists: Maud Charlesworth, Effie Anthon, and Rebecca Jarrett. In some respects, each woman differed from the typical Hallelujah Lass, but these particularly well-documented lives reveal how Salvationists negotiated the tensions their work and lives engendered.
Nathaniel Deutsch
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520231917
- eISBN:
- 9780520927971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520231917.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter examines the possible link between the Maiden of Ludmir and the Frankist movement. It also investigates the role that Uniate women's monastery may have played in the Maiden's story. The ...
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This chapter examines the possible link between the Maiden of Ludmir and the Frankist movement. It also investigates the role that Uniate women's monastery may have played in the Maiden's story. The accusations of dybbuk possession made about her by her opponents in Ludmir are explained. The Maiden's opponents sought to dismiss her as a powerless victim whose actions were controlled by a malevolent male spirit. It is possible that the Maiden was inspired by Sabbatean and Frankist traditions without considering herself a member of the movement. Many aspects of Anastasiia's life resemble biographical accounts of the Maiden of Ludmir. Ludmir's religious and civil authorities may have begun to view the Maiden as part of a broader challenge to their authority rather than as an anomalous individual with a largely powerless following.Less
This chapter examines the possible link between the Maiden of Ludmir and the Frankist movement. It also investigates the role that Uniate women's monastery may have played in the Maiden's story. The accusations of dybbuk possession made about her by her opponents in Ludmir are explained. The Maiden's opponents sought to dismiss her as a powerless victim whose actions were controlled by a malevolent male spirit. It is possible that the Maiden was inspired by Sabbatean and Frankist traditions without considering herself a member of the movement. Many aspects of Anastasiia's life resemble biographical accounts of the Maiden of Ludmir. Ludmir's religious and civil authorities may have begun to view the Maiden as part of a broader challenge to their authority rather than as an anomalous individual with a largely powerless following.
Nathaniel Deutsch
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520231917
- eISBN:
- 9780520927971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520231917.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter argues that Moshe Gottlieb must have played a significant role in the Maiden of Ludmir's life. It demonstrates that Mordechai of Chernobyl apparently visited Ludmir in the early 1830s. ...
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This chapter argues that Moshe Gottlieb must have played a significant role in the Maiden of Ludmir's life. It demonstrates that Mordechai of Chernobyl apparently visited Ludmir in the early 1830s. The Maiden married Moshe David, but later divorced him because she believed that the entire wedding had been a costly mistake. Afterward, a second marriage was arranged, but this too ended in divorce. Thus, the Maiden “remained a virgin until her death.” S. A. Horodezky presents a complicated picture of what happened after the Maiden's marriage(s). It is also impossible to say to what extent the Maiden would have been exposed to Enlightenment influences and ideas—including the emancipation of women—during her final years in Ludmir.Less
This chapter argues that Moshe Gottlieb must have played a significant role in the Maiden of Ludmir's life. It demonstrates that Mordechai of Chernobyl apparently visited Ludmir in the early 1830s. The Maiden married Moshe David, but later divorced him because she believed that the entire wedding had been a costly mistake. Afterward, a second marriage was arranged, but this too ended in divorce. Thus, the Maiden “remained a virgin until her death.” S. A. Horodezky presents a complicated picture of what happened after the Maiden's marriage(s). It is also impossible to say to what extent the Maiden would have been exposed to Enlightenment influences and ideas—including the emancipation of women—during her final years in Ludmir.
Nathaniel Deutsch
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520231917
- eISBN:
- 9780520927971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520231917.003.0012
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter investigates the theological doctrine and how it may have influenced the Maiden of Ludmir's decision to remain celibate. The Maiden's subsequent experiences in the Holy Land constitute ...
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This chapter investigates the theological doctrine and how it may have influenced the Maiden of Ludmir's decision to remain celibate. The Maiden's subsequent experiences in the Holy Land constitute the final phase of her long and rich life. Instead of portraying her as playing a passive role in the process of emigration, most biographers depict the Maiden as actively seeking to restore her former status by settling in the Holy Land. It is also shown that her wealth appears to have enabled her to function as a religious leader in Jerusalem, just as it had earlier in Ludmir. The Maiden's life in Palestine as an unmitigated success is considered. The Maiden remained committed to the extraordinary piety she had embraced as a young child, and appears to have never wavered in her religious devotion.Less
This chapter investigates the theological doctrine and how it may have influenced the Maiden of Ludmir's decision to remain celibate. The Maiden's subsequent experiences in the Holy Land constitute the final phase of her long and rich life. Instead of portraying her as playing a passive role in the process of emigration, most biographers depict the Maiden as actively seeking to restore her former status by settling in the Holy Land. It is also shown that her wealth appears to have enabled her to function as a religious leader in Jerusalem, just as it had earlier in Ludmir. The Maiden's life in Palestine as an unmitigated success is considered. The Maiden remained committed to the extraordinary piety she had embraced as a young child, and appears to have never wavered in her religious devotion.
Nathaniel Deutsch
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520231917
- eISBN:
- 9780520927971
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520231917.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
This chapter addresses the traces made in writing by the Maiden of Ludmir. Throughout the process of writing, the Maiden has remained an elusive subject. It is tempting to see her as a pioneer in the ...
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This chapter addresses the traces made in writing by the Maiden of Ludmir. Throughout the process of writing, the Maiden has remained an elusive subject. It is tempting to see her as a pioneer in the struggle for Jewish women's spiritual empowerment. One of the most striking and, for the biographer, frustrating aspects of the Maiden's life is that she does not appear to have written anything herself. She is popularly known as the only “woman rebbe” in history. The Maiden's story can be read as a powerful metaphor for two contrasting and competing modes of spiritual leadership within the Hasidic movement. There is little knowledge on how the Maiden felt about her new life in Palestine.Less
This chapter addresses the traces made in writing by the Maiden of Ludmir. Throughout the process of writing, the Maiden has remained an elusive subject. It is tempting to see her as a pioneer in the struggle for Jewish women's spiritual empowerment. One of the most striking and, for the biographer, frustrating aspects of the Maiden's life is that she does not appear to have written anything herself. She is popularly known as the only “woman rebbe” in history. The Maiden's story can be read as a powerful metaphor for two contrasting and competing modes of spiritual leadership within the Hasidic movement. There is little knowledge on how the Maiden felt about her new life in Palestine.
