Philip Jenkins
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195146165
- eISBN:
- 9780199834341
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195146166.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter addresses the myth of Western Christianity and outlines the true origins and development of Christianity, as opposed to those presented in the history books. Accounts are given of the ...
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This chapter addresses the myth of Western Christianity and outlines the true origins and development of Christianity, as opposed to those presented in the history books. Accounts are given of the early Eastern churches, particularly those in Ethiopia and Armenia, and of the survival of Christian traditions in Asia and Africa through the Middles Ages, and under Islamic (Muslim) rule. Next, an analysis is presented of the size of Christian communities that survived under Muslim rule in ancient and medieval times and up to the early twentieth century, and the question addressed as to why, when Christians survived Muslim conquests so successfully, they form such a small minority in the modern Middle East. Further sections of the chapter discuss the Catholic missions that took place from about 1500 and the different ways in which Christianity developed in countries beyond the reach of the European empires, where missionaries where not able to enforce their will politically, and in those countries where this was not the case; and the adaptation of the gospel to local cultures, customs, and practices in countries where there was no imperial backing is described, with particular reference to the “silk strategy” in Japan (where the priests dressed in silk in preference to cotton and thus identified themselves with the social elite, who were able to assist in the spread of Christianity), and Jesuit missions to China. The last part of the chapter looks at Protestant missions from the late eighteenth century in Africa and China.Less
This chapter addresses the myth of Western Christianity and outlines the true origins and development of Christianity, as opposed to those presented in the history books. Accounts are given of the early Eastern churches, particularly those in Ethiopia and Armenia, and of the survival of Christian traditions in Asia and Africa through the Middles Ages, and under Islamic (Muslim) rule. Next, an analysis is presented of the size of Christian communities that survived under Muslim rule in ancient and medieval times and up to the early twentieth century, and the question addressed as to why, when Christians survived Muslim conquests so successfully, they form such a small minority in the modern Middle East. Further sections of the chapter discuss the Catholic missions that took place from about 1500 and the different ways in which Christianity developed in countries beyond the reach of the European empires, where missionaries where not able to enforce their will politically, and in those countries where this was not the case; and the adaptation of the gospel to local cultures, customs, and practices in countries where there was no imperial backing is described, with particular reference to the “silk strategy” in Japan (where the priests dressed in silk in preference to cotton and thus identified themselves with the social elite, who were able to assist in the spread of Christianity), and Jesuit missions to China. The last part of the chapter looks at Protestant missions from the late eighteenth century in Africa and China.
Matthew Butler
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262986
- eISBN:
- 9780191734656
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262986.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter examines the history of agrarian revolts in Michoacán, Mexico during the period from 1915 to 1919. It explains that after Emiliano Zapata's famous 1911 revolt, agrarian revolts plagued ...
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This chapter examines the history of agrarian revolts in Michoacán, Mexico during the period from 1915 to 1919. It explains that after Emiliano Zapata's famous 1911 revolt, agrarian revolts plagued the north-west portion of Michoacán where many people initially associated land reform with church-burning villistas and zapatistas. It suggests that the success of agrarismo depended largely on the extent to which the defining elements of local culture could be revolutionized in response to new political opportunities. It also discusses the influence the agrarian revolts on the rise of anticlericalism.Less
This chapter examines the history of agrarian revolts in Michoacán, Mexico during the period from 1915 to 1919. It explains that after Emiliano Zapata's famous 1911 revolt, agrarian revolts plagued the north-west portion of Michoacán where many people initially associated land reform with church-burning villistas and zapatistas. It suggests that the success of agrarismo depended largely on the extent to which the defining elements of local culture could be revolutionized in response to new political opportunities. It also discusses the influence the agrarian revolts on the rise of anticlericalism.
F Siu Helen
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520219236
- eISBN:
- 9780520924413
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520219236.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter focuses on the merchants and local culture in the Pearl River delta in Guangdong, China. It suggests that the merchants of the Pearl River delta were no more engaged in Republican ...
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This chapter focuses on the merchants and local culture in the Pearl River delta in Guangdong, China. It suggests that the merchants of the Pearl River delta were no more engaged in Republican politics than Tianjin professional elites and explains that the leading merchants were able to create vigorous dialogues with the state by engaging in a language of orthodoxy. It argues that the mercantile cultural cosmopolitanism of maritime China rose in tandem with the decline of the foreign sovereign power of the old continental empire.Less
This chapter focuses on the merchants and local culture in the Pearl River delta in Guangdong, China. It suggests that the merchants of the Pearl River delta were no more engaged in Republican politics than Tianjin professional elites and explains that the leading merchants were able to create vigorous dialogues with the state by engaging in a language of orthodoxy. It argues that the mercantile cultural cosmopolitanism of maritime China rose in tandem with the decline of the foreign sovereign power of the old continental empire.
Heather Sharkey
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520235588
- eISBN:
- 9780520929364
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520235588.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
Histories written in the aftermath of empire have often featured conquerors and peasant rebels but have said little about the vast staffs of locally recruited clerks, technicians, teachers, and ...
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Histories written in the aftermath of empire have often featured conquerors and peasant rebels but have said little about the vast staffs of locally recruited clerks, technicians, teachers, and medics who made colonialism work day to day. Even as these workers maintained the colonial state, they dreamed of displacing imperial power. This book examines the history of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1898–1956) and the Republic of Sudan that followed in order to understand how colonialism worked on the ground, affected local cultures, influenced the rise of nationalism, and shaped the postcolonial nation-state. Relying on a rich cache of Sudanese Arabic literary sources—including poetry, essays, and memoirs, as well as colonial documents and photographs—it examines colonialism from the viewpoint of those who lived and worked in its midst. By integrating the case of Sudan with material on other countries, particularly India, the book has broad comparative appeal. The author shows that colonial legacies—such as inflexible borders, atomized multi-ethnic populations, and autocratic governing structures—have persisted, hobbling postcolonial nation-states. Thus countries like Sudan are still living with colonialism, struggling to achieve consensus and stability within borders that a fallen empire has left behind.Less
Histories written in the aftermath of empire have often featured conquerors and peasant rebels but have said little about the vast staffs of locally recruited clerks, technicians, teachers, and medics who made colonialism work day to day. Even as these workers maintained the colonial state, they dreamed of displacing imperial power. This book examines the history of the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (1898–1956) and the Republic of Sudan that followed in order to understand how colonialism worked on the ground, affected local cultures, influenced the rise of nationalism, and shaped the postcolonial nation-state. Relying on a rich cache of Sudanese Arabic literary sources—including poetry, essays, and memoirs, as well as colonial documents and photographs—it examines colonialism from the viewpoint of those who lived and worked in its midst. By integrating the case of Sudan with material on other countries, particularly India, the book has broad comparative appeal. The author shows that colonial legacies—such as inflexible borders, atomized multi-ethnic populations, and autocratic governing structures—have persisted, hobbling postcolonial nation-states. Thus countries like Sudan are still living with colonialism, struggling to achieve consensus and stability within borders that a fallen empire has left behind.
Michael Laffan
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691145303
- eISBN:
- 9781400839995
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691145303.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
This chapter explores the changes wrought in the nineteenth century under the impact of new cultures of science and new concepts of empire fostered by the governments of The Hague and Batavia. These ...
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This chapter explores the changes wrought in the nineteenth century under the impact of new cultures of science and new concepts of empire fostered by the governments of The Hague and Batavia. These intellectual developments resulted in a more active attempt by the Westerners to measure and understand how Islam was organized in the archipelago and to educate their officials in Islamic Law in preparation for their deployment in the field. Efforts to provide colonial officials with a working knowledge of local languages and cultures proceeded by fits and starts and really began in earnest only after the British interregnum of 1811–16. For much of the nineteenth century, Dutch scholarship followed the British lead. Once the Dutch returned to power, they made a fresh effort to collect information about indigenous education with an eye to substituting something of their own devising.Less
This chapter explores the changes wrought in the nineteenth century under the impact of new cultures of science and new concepts of empire fostered by the governments of The Hague and Batavia. These intellectual developments resulted in a more active attempt by the Westerners to measure and understand how Islam was organized in the archipelago and to educate their officials in Islamic Law in preparation for their deployment in the field. Efforts to provide colonial officials with a working knowledge of local languages and cultures proceeded by fits and starts and really began in earnest only after the British interregnum of 1811–16. For much of the nineteenth century, Dutch scholarship followed the British lead. Once the Dutch returned to power, they made a fresh effort to collect information about indigenous education with an eye to substituting something of their own devising.
Robert Wuthnow
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520259157
- eISBN:
- 9780520943063
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520259157.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
This chapter briefly discusses the four faces of globalization. A counterargument to the view that global culture is becoming more and more the same is the view that diversity not only persists but ...
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This chapter briefly discusses the four faces of globalization. A counterargument to the view that global culture is becoming more and more the same is the view that diversity not only persists but is also actually increasing. Globalization may preserve or promote diversity in at least three ways. One is by bringing goods and values from the outside world so that local cultures are presented with new opportunities. A second is to bring outside resources that make it possible for local cultures to resist change and maintain their distinctive customs. The third is to set in motion processes by which the external influences mingle with local practices to produce new and more diverse forms of behavior. The point of all three is that local diversity exists not in the absence of globalization but in its presence. Thus, globalization is a direct or indirect influence on the social conditions in which various religious responses emerge, even though these religious expressions display the distinctive traits of local decisions and traditions. Furthermore, the view that globalization preserves or increases local diversity is helpful because it acknowledges the persistence of regional, ethnic, and religious variations in the face of outside influences and thus gives religious leaders reason to think their outreach programs are not simply destroying local traditions.Less
This chapter briefly discusses the four faces of globalization. A counterargument to the view that global culture is becoming more and more the same is the view that diversity not only persists but is also actually increasing. Globalization may preserve or promote diversity in at least three ways. One is by bringing goods and values from the outside world so that local cultures are presented with new opportunities. A second is to bring outside resources that make it possible for local cultures to resist change and maintain their distinctive customs. The third is to set in motion processes by which the external influences mingle with local practices to produce new and more diverse forms of behavior. The point of all three is that local diversity exists not in the absence of globalization but in its presence. Thus, globalization is a direct or indirect influence on the social conditions in which various religious responses emerge, even though these religious expressions display the distinctive traits of local decisions and traditions. Furthermore, the view that globalization preserves or increases local diversity is helpful because it acknowledges the persistence of regional, ethnic, and religious variations in the face of outside influences and thus gives religious leaders reason to think their outreach programs are not simply destroying local traditions.
Edgar Rivera Colón, Miguel Muñoz-Laboy, and Diana Hernández
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199764303
- eISBN:
- 9780199950232
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199764303.003.0010
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter presents analyses of the sex marketplaces of Latino bisexual men in New York City between 2000 and 2009. Chapter aims are to identify the role that sexual marketplaces play in the sexual ...
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This chapter presents analyses of the sex marketplaces of Latino bisexual men in New York City between 2000 and 2009. Chapter aims are to identify the role that sexual marketplaces play in the sexual lives of Latino bisexual young men, particularly the impact of historical and geographic differences, as well as their implications for HIV prevention research and interventions. The following overriding research question was explored: what are the political, technological, and social enabling conditions that have produced the behavioral differences from 2000 to 2009 that we have observed? More specifically, how do male friendship groups function as mechanisms of “intimate surveillance” vis-à-vis sexual partner selection, and what are the digital platforms (e.g., cell phones, Internet cruising) that enable these interactions? How might we frame these “local sexual cultures” within what we refer to as “intimate/participatory surveillance,” and what social philosopher Gilles Deleuze has called “societies of control”?Less
This chapter presents analyses of the sex marketplaces of Latino bisexual men in New York City between 2000 and 2009. Chapter aims are to identify the role that sexual marketplaces play in the sexual lives of Latino bisexual young men, particularly the impact of historical and geographic differences, as well as their implications for HIV prevention research and interventions. The following overriding research question was explored: what are the political, technological, and social enabling conditions that have produced the behavioral differences from 2000 to 2009 that we have observed? More specifically, how do male friendship groups function as mechanisms of “intimate surveillance” vis-à-vis sexual partner selection, and what are the digital platforms (e.g., cell phones, Internet cruising) that enable these interactions? How might we frame these “local sexual cultures” within what we refer to as “intimate/participatory surveillance,” and what social philosopher Gilles Deleuze has called “societies of control”?
Valerie R. Peters
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199363032
- eISBN:
- 9780199363063
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199363032.003.0008
- Subject:
- Music, Performing Practice/Studies
This chapter examines several theoretical perspectives that may be useful in framing curricular approaches to the study of world music pedagogy in local music cultures. These theoretical frameworks ...
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This chapter examines several theoretical perspectives that may be useful in framing curricular approaches to the study of world music pedagogy in local music cultures. These theoretical frameworks were used as a guide to conceptualize three case studies in different local communities in Quebec, Canada. Data from the case studies are used to exemplify the theoretical frameworks. One of the objectives of the case studies was to describe the phenomenon of secondary music students using the tools of inquiry of ethnographers (participant observation, interviewing, and transcribing) to construct and represent their understanding of a local traditional music culture including concepts, beliefs, and values embedded in musical/cultural practices. While theoretical frameworks are helpful in guiding the work of music educators, empirical evidence from the field is needed to validate theoretical claims, as well as exemplify how these claims might be translated into practice.Less
This chapter examines several theoretical perspectives that may be useful in framing curricular approaches to the study of world music pedagogy in local music cultures. These theoretical frameworks were used as a guide to conceptualize three case studies in different local communities in Quebec, Canada. Data from the case studies are used to exemplify the theoretical frameworks. One of the objectives of the case studies was to describe the phenomenon of secondary music students using the tools of inquiry of ethnographers (participant observation, interviewing, and transcribing) to construct and represent their understanding of a local traditional music culture including concepts, beliefs, and values embedded in musical/cultural practices. While theoretical frameworks are helpful in guiding the work of music educators, empirical evidence from the field is needed to validate theoretical claims, as well as exemplify how these claims might be translated into practice.
Oliver P. Richmond
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824834593
- eISBN:
- 9780824871697
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824834593.003.0004
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter shows how prevalent liberal approaches to peacebuilding and conflict resolution fail to draw upon local culture. In many parts of the world, peacekeeping, conflict resolution, and ...
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This chapter shows how prevalent liberal approaches to peacebuilding and conflict resolution fail to draw upon local culture. In many parts of the world, peacekeeping, conflict resolution, and peacebuilding activities are framed in terms of Western understandings of peace. As a result they often miss the opportunity to learn from and employ important local knowledge. Drawing from personal experience as well as scholarly research, this chapter argues that local knowledge is accepted only if they are presented in Western terms — an assumption and corresponding political practice that seriously devalues both this knowledge and the people who convey and practice them. As a result, local needs and knowledge are being ignored by a top-down version of neoliberal marketisation, wealth creation, and state-building. It is thus not surprising that many international peacebuilding efforts face considerable local resistance.Less
This chapter shows how prevalent liberal approaches to peacebuilding and conflict resolution fail to draw upon local culture. In many parts of the world, peacekeeping, conflict resolution, and peacebuilding activities are framed in terms of Western understandings of peace. As a result they often miss the opportunity to learn from and employ important local knowledge. Drawing from personal experience as well as scholarly research, this chapter argues that local knowledge is accepted only if they are presented in Western terms — an assumption and corresponding political practice that seriously devalues both this knowledge and the people who convey and practice them. As a result, local needs and knowledge are being ignored by a top-down version of neoliberal marketisation, wealth creation, and state-building. It is thus not surprising that many international peacebuilding efforts face considerable local resistance.
Richard Pugh and Brain Cheers
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781861347213
- eISBN:
- 9781447303305
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781861347213.003.0009
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
This book has emphasised the importance of recognising the diversity of rural contexts and rural lives, the necessity of an informed appreciation of local context, and, following from these, a ...
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This book has emphasised the importance of recognising the diversity of rural contexts and rural lives, the necessity of an informed appreciation of local context, and, following from these, a rejection of any homogenised approach to rural-social-work policy and practice. Some of the commonalities between Western developed countries are due to similarities in social-welfare systems and the fact that these countries are relatively wealthy and, thus, have considerable expenditures allocated to ‘professionalised’ systems of social work. There are other commonalities that derive from the social dynamics of small communities, in which higher social visibility and local cultures, and patterns of relationships, play a great part in how people view social difference and social problems and how these things are experienced. In some countries, similarities arise from the experience of colonisation, whose legacies have resulted in the marginalisation of indigenous populations, the health and welfare prospects of whom are, typically, considerably worse than those of the overall population.Less
This book has emphasised the importance of recognising the diversity of rural contexts and rural lives, the necessity of an informed appreciation of local context, and, following from these, a rejection of any homogenised approach to rural-social-work policy and practice. Some of the commonalities between Western developed countries are due to similarities in social-welfare systems and the fact that these countries are relatively wealthy and, thus, have considerable expenditures allocated to ‘professionalised’ systems of social work. There are other commonalities that derive from the social dynamics of small communities, in which higher social visibility and local cultures, and patterns of relationships, play a great part in how people view social difference and social problems and how these things are experienced. In some countries, similarities arise from the experience of colonisation, whose legacies have resulted in the marginalisation of indigenous populations, the health and welfare prospects of whom are, typically, considerably worse than those of the overall population.
Faith Hillis
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452192
- eISBN:
- 9780801469268
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452192.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, Russian and Former Soviet Union History
This chapter reconstructs the disputes that divided Little Russian activists, follows the efforts of imperial officials to manage these conflicts, and considers how internal tensions and external ...
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This chapter reconstructs the disputes that divided Little Russian activists, follows the efforts of imperial officials to manage these conflicts, and considers how internal tensions and external intervention altered the behavior of the lobby and its relationship with the state between the 1870s and 1890s. Noting the intensifying efforts of imperial officials to police discussion of local culture in this period, historians have conventionally seen these years as a time of repression that witnessed the final parting of ways between right-bank activists and imperial state. This chapter thus suggests an alternative way of understanding the evolving relationship between center and periphery, between state and society.Less
This chapter reconstructs the disputes that divided Little Russian activists, follows the efforts of imperial officials to manage these conflicts, and considers how internal tensions and external intervention altered the behavior of the lobby and its relationship with the state between the 1870s and 1890s. Noting the intensifying efforts of imperial officials to police discussion of local culture in this period, historians have conventionally seen these years as a time of repression that witnessed the final parting of ways between right-bank activists and imperial state. This chapter thus suggests an alternative way of understanding the evolving relationship between center and periphery, between state and society.
Yiu-Wai Chu
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- September 2017
- ISBN:
- 9789888390571
- eISBN:
- 9789888390298
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888390571.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
Despite its immense popularity in Chinese communities across the globe, Cantopop has been receiving far less attention than that of Chinese film and other genres of popular culture in the academy. ...
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Despite its immense popularity in Chinese communities across the globe, Cantopop has been receiving far less attention than that of Chinese film and other genres of popular culture in the academy. Introducing the origin of Cantopop and its related studies, this chapter underscore the significance of the topic by positioning it in the context of the field of Chinese popular music studies. This chapter positions the book in the wider field of popular music studies, a field that is heavily slanted toward Western popular music. The study of Cantopop has the potential for better projecting Hong Kong’s culture to a wide international audience, which would prove to be very important for Hong Kong Studies.Less
Despite its immense popularity in Chinese communities across the globe, Cantopop has been receiving far less attention than that of Chinese film and other genres of popular culture in the academy. Introducing the origin of Cantopop and its related studies, this chapter underscore the significance of the topic by positioning it in the context of the field of Chinese popular music studies. This chapter positions the book in the wider field of popular music studies, a field that is heavily slanted toward Western popular music. The study of Cantopop has the potential for better projecting Hong Kong’s culture to a wide international audience, which would prove to be very important for Hong Kong Studies.
Karin Barber
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748635221
- eISBN:
- 9780748653010
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748635221.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, African Studies
Live, oral, improvised popular culture with traditional roots (that is, in some sense handed down from previous generations) has retained its vitality in most of Africa. It is a matter for ...
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Live, oral, improvised popular culture with traditional roots (that is, in some sense handed down from previous generations) has retained its vitality in most of Africa. It is a matter for investigation to find out to what extent locally originated popular culture flourishes, and where it is being swamped and displaced. The assumption that the media are always experienced as exogenous to Africa – whether as imperialist aggression or as opportunities to enter new imaginative realms – needs to be questioned. This chapter discusses media's interaction with oral traditions, media and new publics, and media and popular culture.Less
Live, oral, improvised popular culture with traditional roots (that is, in some sense handed down from previous generations) has retained its vitality in most of Africa. It is a matter for investigation to find out to what extent locally originated popular culture flourishes, and where it is being swamped and displaced. The assumption that the media are always experienced as exogenous to Africa – whether as imperialist aggression or as opportunities to enter new imaginative realms – needs to be questioned. This chapter discusses media's interaction with oral traditions, media and new publics, and media and popular culture.
Dal Yong Jin
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262014762
- eISBN:
- 9780262289511
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262014762.003.0007
- Subject:
- Computer Science, Game Studies
Using the Lineage games of NCsoft in conjunction with Korean online games as a case study, this chapter examines the globalization process of the local online game industry. It traces production ...
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Using the Lineage games of NCsoft in conjunction with Korean online games as a case study, this chapter examines the globalization process of the local online game industry. It traces production dynamics to identify the conditions that have rendered a contra-flow in culture (i.e., cultural flow from non-Western countries to Western countries). It discusses the process by which a local culture is appropriated for the global audience in terms of hybridization in both content and marketing. The goal of the chapter is to understand the critical dialogue played by the global-local paradigm in “glocalizing” local culture for the global cultural market.Less
Using the Lineage games of NCsoft in conjunction with Korean online games as a case study, this chapter examines the globalization process of the local online game industry. It traces production dynamics to identify the conditions that have rendered a contra-flow in culture (i.e., cultural flow from non-Western countries to Western countries). It discusses the process by which a local culture is appropriated for the global audience in terms of hybridization in both content and marketing. The goal of the chapter is to understand the critical dialogue played by the global-local paradigm in “glocalizing” local culture for the global cultural market.
Di Wang
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781501715488
- eISBN:
- 9781501715556
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501715488.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Asian History
The Conclusion weaves together the broader themes of cultural continuity and discontinuity, of conflicts between national and local cultures, and public life and public sphere. Teahouses, a ...
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The Conclusion weaves together the broader themes of cultural continuity and discontinuity, of conflicts between national and local cultures, and public life and public sphere. Teahouses, a thoroughly old-fashioned Chinese phenomenon, had never before experienced vicissitudes like those in the second half of the 20th century. But the fact that they survived and then flourished, aiding urban public life in the process, underscores the vitality of local culture and rise of public sphere.Less
The Conclusion weaves together the broader themes of cultural continuity and discontinuity, of conflicts between national and local cultures, and public life and public sphere. Teahouses, a thoroughly old-fashioned Chinese phenomenon, had never before experienced vicissitudes like those in the second half of the 20th century. But the fact that they survived and then flourished, aiding urban public life in the process, underscores the vitality of local culture and rise of public sphere.
Kolan Thomas Morelock
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813125046
- eISBN:
- 9780813135113
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813125046.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This book explores culture and intellectual life in Lexington, Kentucky, at the turn of the twentieth century. Drawing on local newspapers and on the work of historians and other writers, it reveals ...
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This book explores culture and intellectual life in Lexington, Kentucky, at the turn of the twentieth century. Drawing on local newspapers and on the work of historians and other writers, it reveals Lexington to be a city of contradictions: known as a cultural “Athens of the West,” it also struggled with the poverty, ignorance, and bigotry characteristic of southern communities after the Civil War. The book examines the contributions to local culture made by the literary and dramatic clubs prevalent on the city's college campuses. It gives an account of turn-of-the-century southern intellectual life thriving within an environment of considerable turmoil, violence, and change.Less
This book explores culture and intellectual life in Lexington, Kentucky, at the turn of the twentieth century. Drawing on local newspapers and on the work of historians and other writers, it reveals Lexington to be a city of contradictions: known as a cultural “Athens of the West,” it also struggled with the poverty, ignorance, and bigotry characteristic of southern communities after the Civil War. The book examines the contributions to local culture made by the literary and dramatic clubs prevalent on the city's college campuses. It gives an account of turn-of-the-century southern intellectual life thriving within an environment of considerable turmoil, violence, and change.
Jonah Steinberg
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807834077
- eISBN:
- 9781469603728
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807899458_steinberg.9
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This chapter shifts its perspective from the institutions themselves to their more complex cultural contexts: to the localities they inhabit, the moments they effect, and the subjects they engage. ...
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This chapter shifts its perspective from the institutions themselves to their more complex cultural contexts: to the localities they inhabit, the moments they effect, and the subjects they engage. Getting a grasp of the institutions is a much simpler task than discerning their meaning in lives and localities. Isma'ili globality, however, must be situated in the context of personal experience and rendered meaningful through the lens of local cultures; abstracted from contestation and interpretation, from aspiration and ambition, from pleasure and desire, we are left only with the work of the powerful and the affluent, and we cannot make sense of the varied and polycentric landscapes of transnational space. The historical and social dynamics of such a vast phenomenon must be illuminated through the intimate lens of individual lives, of subjects' own stories.Less
This chapter shifts its perspective from the institutions themselves to their more complex cultural contexts: to the localities they inhabit, the moments they effect, and the subjects they engage. Getting a grasp of the institutions is a much simpler task than discerning their meaning in lives and localities. Isma'ili globality, however, must be situated in the context of personal experience and rendered meaningful through the lens of local cultures; abstracted from contestation and interpretation, from aspiration and ambition, from pleasure and desire, we are left only with the work of the powerful and the affluent, and we cannot make sense of the varied and polycentric landscapes of transnational space. The historical and social dynamics of such a vast phenomenon must be illuminated through the intimate lens of individual lives, of subjects' own stories.
Mary Ellen Konieczny
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199965779
- eISBN:
- 9780199346059
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199965779.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This book's Conclusion considers the extent and limits of its case study findings andemploys these findings to propose a general explanation of moral polarization among Catholics.Exploration of the ...
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This book's Conclusion considers the extent and limits of its case study findings andemploys these findings to propose a general explanation of moral polarization among Catholics.Exploration of the architecture of moral polarization inlocal religious cultureshas revealed that public disagreement is reflected in private’ lives and religious identities such that opposed groupsdo not just disagree, but have antagonism for those that think differently.Polarizing social processes in parishes create fragmentation of the Catholic tradition by unintentionally institutionalizing elements of tradition buttressing only one side of contested issues through the concrete activities of parish life.By contrast with views of tradition that conceptualize vital traditions as necessarily involving conflict, this study demonstrates that polarizing conflicts diminish institutional vitality through the local practice of fragmentary Catholicisms and antagonisms that foster groups’ dissociation and disengagement from one another.Less
This book's Conclusion considers the extent and limits of its case study findings andemploys these findings to propose a general explanation of moral polarization among Catholics.Exploration of the architecture of moral polarization inlocal religious cultureshas revealed that public disagreement is reflected in private’ lives and religious identities such that opposed groupsdo not just disagree, but have antagonism for those that think differently.Polarizing social processes in parishes create fragmentation of the Catholic tradition by unintentionally institutionalizing elements of tradition buttressing only one side of contested issues through the concrete activities of parish life.By contrast with views of tradition that conceptualize vital traditions as necessarily involving conflict, this study demonstrates that polarizing conflicts diminish institutional vitality through the local practice of fragmentary Catholicisms and antagonisms that foster groups’ dissociation and disengagement from one another.
Kirk A. Denton
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780824836870
- eISBN:
- 9780824869748
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Hawai'i Press
- DOI:
- 10.21313/hawaii/9780824836870.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Asian Studies
This chapter begins with a brief overview of the emergence of modern conceptions of history from the late Qing to the 1950s. It then investigates how in some museums in China the ancient past serves ...
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This chapter begins with a brief overview of the emergence of modern conceptions of history from the late Qing to the 1950s. It then investigates how in some museums in China the ancient past serves national narratives, and how those narratives are beginning to change with the rise of an interest in local identity and the proliferation of local culture museums. In the past two decades, local culture museums, and the archaeological excavations upon which these museums rely for their collections, have contributed to the breakdown of the conventional view of the origins of Chinese civilization in the Central Plains and to a new narrative centered around the idea of multiple points of origin, one that sits nicely with the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) discourse of China as a multiethnic nation-state.Less
This chapter begins with a brief overview of the emergence of modern conceptions of history from the late Qing to the 1950s. It then investigates how in some museums in China the ancient past serves national narratives, and how those narratives are beginning to change with the rise of an interest in local identity and the proliferation of local culture museums. In the past two decades, local culture museums, and the archaeological excavations upon which these museums rely for their collections, have contributed to the breakdown of the conventional view of the origins of Chinese civilization in the Central Plains and to a new narrative centered around the idea of multiple points of origin, one that sits nicely with the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) discourse of China as a multiethnic nation-state.
Terry Murphy
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781847427182
- eISBN:
- 9781447303558
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781847427182.003.0012
- Subject:
- Social Work, Social Policy
One of the core theoretical issues facing social work in extreme social environments is the nature of civil society within which social work normally finds a home. At the very least, social work and ...
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One of the core theoretical issues facing social work in extreme social environments is the nature of civil society within which social work normally finds a home. At the very least, social work and social development practice which fails to engage with local political, communal and cultural realities is ineffective, and at worst, it can promote active conflict and place local social work practitioners at risk. This chapter examines the basis for a theoretical understanding of the evolving role of social work in Central Asia's most populous country, Uzbekistan. It analyses the tension between social work's claim to universal values and the more recent international moves toward models of practice which embody indigenisation of theory and methods and the broader incorporation of local culture. The development of social work in Central Asia will have to be intimately connected with an engagement with the local forms of Islam in all its complex folk and syncretic manifestations.Less
One of the core theoretical issues facing social work in extreme social environments is the nature of civil society within which social work normally finds a home. At the very least, social work and social development practice which fails to engage with local political, communal and cultural realities is ineffective, and at worst, it can promote active conflict and place local social work practitioners at risk. This chapter examines the basis for a theoretical understanding of the evolving role of social work in Central Asia's most populous country, Uzbekistan. It analyses the tension between social work's claim to universal values and the more recent international moves toward models of practice which embody indigenisation of theory and methods and the broader incorporation of local culture. The development of social work in Central Asia will have to be intimately connected with an engagement with the local forms of Islam in all its complex folk and syncretic manifestations.
