John G. Orme and Terri Combs-Orme
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195329452
- eISBN:
- 9780199864812
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195329452.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This book presents detailed discussions of regression models that are appropriate for discrete dependent variables, including dichotomous, polychotomous, ordered, and count variables. The major ...
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This book presents detailed discussions of regression models that are appropriate for discrete dependent variables, including dichotomous, polychotomous, ordered, and count variables. The major challenge in using such analyses lies in the nonlinear relationships between the independent and the dependent variables, which requires the use of link functions, and particularly in interpreting and presenting the findings in ways that are clear and meaningful. Clear and simple language guides the reader briefly through each step of the analysis and presentation of results to enhance understanding of the link function, the key to understanding these nonlinear relationships. Throughout the book provides detailed examples based on the data, and readers may work through these examples by accessing the data and output on the Internet at the companion Web site. In addition, each chapter provides a list of recommended additional readings and Internet content.Less
This book presents detailed discussions of regression models that are appropriate for discrete dependent variables, including dichotomous, polychotomous, ordered, and count variables. The major challenge in using such analyses lies in the nonlinear relationships between the independent and the dependent variables, which requires the use of link functions, and particularly in interpreting and presenting the findings in ways that are clear and meaningful. Clear and simple language guides the reader briefly through each step of the analysis and presentation of results to enhance understanding of the link function, the key to understanding these nonlinear relationships. Throughout the book provides detailed examples based on the data, and readers may work through these examples by accessing the data and output on the Internet at the companion Web site. In addition, each chapter provides a list of recommended additional readings and Internet content.
Kiichiro Itsumi
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199229611
- eISBN:
- 9780191710780
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199229611.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter describes the current trends of understanding of the metre which are not dactylo-epitrite. West follows Snell, whose analysis as aeolic embraces curious forms and does not make clear ...
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This chapter describes the current trends of understanding of the metre which are not dactylo-epitrite. West follows Snell, whose analysis as aeolic embraces curious forms and does not make clear what forms are usual and what are not. Dale introduces the concept of link anceps into ‘the other half’. Although it is helpful, it is still wrong to analyse all the Pindaric verses on a single basis.Less
This chapter describes the current trends of understanding of the metre which are not dactylo-epitrite. West follows Snell, whose analysis as aeolic embraces curious forms and does not make clear what forms are usual and what are not. Dale introduces the concept of link anceps into ‘the other half’. Although it is helpful, it is still wrong to analyse all the Pindaric verses on a single basis.
Wilson McLeod
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199247226
- eISBN:
- 9780191714610
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199247226.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This chapter presents some concluding thoughts from the author. This study has assessed the nature of the relationship between Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland during the late medieval period, and ...
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This chapter presents some concluding thoughts from the author. This study has assessed the nature of the relationship between Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland during the late medieval period, and especially in the ways in which that relationship was perceived and understood by Scottish and Irish Gaeldom. Due to limitations of the sources, a cloudy picture emerges, and at times the evidence is contradictory if not paradoxical. The accepted framework of the Gaelic ‘culture-province’ seems distinctly unsatisfying in many respects. The cultural connections between the two parts of the Gaelic world are extremely significant, and worked to tie Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland closely together. However, the idea of ‘Gaeldom’ as some seamless web does not survive analysis, for the evidence across the range of cultural activity suggests that Ireland was systematically dominant, and that Gaelic Scotland looked to Ireland much more than vice versa.Less
This chapter presents some concluding thoughts from the author. This study has assessed the nature of the relationship between Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland during the late medieval period, and especially in the ways in which that relationship was perceived and understood by Scottish and Irish Gaeldom. Due to limitations of the sources, a cloudy picture emerges, and at times the evidence is contradictory if not paradoxical. The accepted framework of the Gaelic ‘culture-province’ seems distinctly unsatisfying in many respects. The cultural connections between the two parts of the Gaelic world are extremely significant, and worked to tie Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland closely together. However, the idea of ‘Gaeldom’ as some seamless web does not survive analysis, for the evidence across the range of cultural activity suggests that Ireland was systematically dominant, and that Gaelic Scotland looked to Ireland much more than vice versa.
Charles P. Boyer and Krzysztof Galicki
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780198564959
- eISBN:
- 9780191713712
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198564959.003.0010
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Geometry / Topology
This chapter is devoted to the geometry of links of isolated hypersurface singularities, as well as a review of the differential topology of homotopy spheres a la Kervaire and Milnor. The ...
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This chapter is devoted to the geometry of links of isolated hypersurface singularities, as well as a review of the differential topology of homotopy spheres a la Kervaire and Milnor. The differential topology of links is a beautiful piece of mathematics, and the chapter offers a hands-on ‘user's guide’ approach with much emphasis on the famous work of Brieskorn in determining the difieomorphism types of certain homotopy spheres. This includes a presentation of the well known Brieskorn graph theorem as well as the geometry of Brieskorn-Pham links. When the singularities arise from weighted homogeneous polynomials, the links have a natural Sasakian structure with either definite (positive or negative) or null basic first Chern class. Emphasis is given to the positive case which corresponds to having positive Ricci curvature.Less
This chapter is devoted to the geometry of links of isolated hypersurface singularities, as well as a review of the differential topology of homotopy spheres a la Kervaire and Milnor. The differential topology of links is a beautiful piece of mathematics, and the chapter offers a hands-on ‘user's guide’ approach with much emphasis on the famous work of Brieskorn in determining the difieomorphism types of certain homotopy spheres. This includes a presentation of the well known Brieskorn graph theorem as well as the geometry of Brieskorn-Pham links. When the singularities arise from weighted homogeneous polynomials, the links have a natural Sasakian structure with either definite (positive or negative) or null basic first Chern class. Emphasis is given to the positive case which corresponds to having positive Ricci curvature.
Beate Kohler-Koch (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199252268
- eISBN:
- 9780191601040
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252262.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
European governance ranks high on the present research agenda on the EU and Europeanization and has attracted considerable attention in public and academic debate over the past decade. This book – a ...
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European governance ranks high on the present research agenda on the EU and Europeanization and has attracted considerable attention in public and academic debate over the past decade. This book – a well-chosen selection from recent studies of leading scholars in the field – takes a special approach to the subject as it highlights the multi-faceted interconnectedness of EU and national governance. It reveals the extent to which the EU has been transformed from a multi-level polity to a system of penetrated governance embracing a ‘communicative universe’ and a European public space. The individual chapters are colourful representations of the different facets of European governance, which come to light when policy formulation and implementation in the EU is understood as network governance linking both different levels of policy-making and a wide variety of state and society actors. On the one hand, the EU and, especially, the Commission refer to an extensive repertoire of ’hard‘ and ’soft‘ procedures and instruments to link a multitude of actors and arenas and, thereby, trigger off substantial change in the member states. On the other hand, national, subnational and societal actors show differentiated modes of response and adaptation to manage the new challenges within the expanding EU system, to cope with common problems and to shape problem-solving strategies according to their own ideas. As the contributions focus on the diverse mechanisms which link EU and national governance they demonstrate the many constraints state and society actors are facing within the Union but also the readiness and capacity of these actors to deal with demands for adjustment and institutional reforms. They also reveal that compliance is a reaction to hierarchical coercion as well as to horizontal enforcement. Eventually, apart from this more functional view, the penetrated system of European goverance is looked at from a normative perspective, thus, investigating both the prospect of improving multi-level representative democracy and the formation of a European public sphere.Less
European governance ranks high on the present research agenda on the EU and Europeanization and has attracted considerable attention in public and academic debate over the past decade. This book – a well-chosen selection from recent studies of leading scholars in the field – takes a special approach to the subject as it highlights the multi-faceted interconnectedness of EU and national governance. It reveals the extent to which the EU has been transformed from a multi-level polity to a system of penetrated governance embracing a ‘communicative universe’ and a European public space. The individual chapters are colourful representations of the different facets of European governance, which come to light when policy formulation and implementation in the EU is understood as network governance linking both different levels of policy-making and a wide variety of state and society actors. On the one hand, the EU and, especially, the Commission refer to an extensive repertoire of ’hard‘ and ’soft‘ procedures and instruments to link a multitude of actors and arenas and, thereby, trigger off substantial change in the member states. On the other hand, national, subnational and societal actors show differentiated modes of response and adaptation to manage the new challenges within the expanding EU system, to cope with common problems and to shape problem-solving strategies according to their own ideas. As the contributions focus on the diverse mechanisms which link EU and national governance they demonstrate the many constraints state and society actors are facing within the Union but also the readiness and capacity of these actors to deal with demands for adjustment and institutional reforms. They also reveal that compliance is a reaction to hierarchical coercion as well as to horizontal enforcement. Eventually, apart from this more functional view, the penetrated system of European goverance is looked at from a normative perspective, thus, investigating both the prospect of improving multi-level representative democracy and the formation of a European public sphere.
Craig Bourne
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199212804
- eISBN:
- 9780191707094
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212804.003.0003
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
I begin by laying down three conditions which any theory of time should meet: it should accord with our view that certain statements about the past are true; that the truthmakers for those statements ...
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I begin by laying down three conditions which any theory of time should meet: it should accord with our view that certain statements about the past are true; that the truthmakers for those statements should be clear; and should accommodate the truth‐value links between various times. I show how two different kinds of presentism cannot meet these requirements, including that put forward by Prior. I develop a version of presentism, analogous to ersatz modal realism in the possible worlds debate, which does satisfy the requirements.Less
I begin by laying down three conditions which any theory of time should meet: it should accord with our view that certain statements about the past are true; that the truthmakers for those statements should be clear; and should accommodate the truth‐value links between various times. I show how two different kinds of presentism cannot meet these requirements, including that put forward by Prior. I develop a version of presentism, analogous to ersatz modal realism in the possible worlds debate, which does satisfy the requirements.
Alexandra Barahona de Brito
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198280385
- eISBN:
- 9780191598852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198280386.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
The conclusion represents a departure from the main body of the book, and consists of a reflection on the links between accountability and democratic consolidation in countries worldwide.
The conclusion represents a departure from the main body of the book, and consists of a reflection on the links between accountability and democratic consolidation in countries worldwide.
Beate Kohler‐Koch
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199252268
- eISBN:
- 9780191601040
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252262.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
The introductory chapter 2 takes up the concept of sensitivity and vulnerability in international interdependence to analyse the complex relationship between EU and national governance and to look at ...
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The introductory chapter 2 takes up the concept of sensitivity and vulnerability in international interdependence to analyse the complex relationship between EU and national governance and to look at the normative implications in terms of efficient and democratic governance in the European system. The achieved high level of interconnectedness between political and societal actors at the European, the national and sub-national levels results in a loss of political control by individual member states, provokes a substantive derogation of national parliamentary democracy, and causes severe irritations as regards the established balance between the economic and political spheres. However, the plurality of state and society actors are sensitive and vulnerable to different degrees and in various ways depending on structural compatibilities, power differentials, and policy styles, which shape conflict management and problem-solving strategies. Their responses to demands for adaptation produce differentiated outcomes and, therefore, contribute to the fragmented and heterogeneous structure of the EU. At the same time, a penetrated system of governance evolves that is extraordinary flexible and generates a multiplicity of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ mechanisms for linking EU and national governance, which smooth the management of multi-level interdependence and assist to overcome democratic derogation.Less
The introductory chapter 2 takes up the concept of sensitivity and vulnerability in international interdependence to analyse the complex relationship between EU and national governance and to look at the normative implications in terms of efficient and democratic governance in the European system. The achieved high level of interconnectedness between political and societal actors at the European, the national and sub-national levels results in a loss of political control by individual member states, provokes a substantive derogation of national parliamentary democracy, and causes severe irritations as regards the established balance between the economic and political spheres. However, the plurality of state and society actors are sensitive and vulnerable to different degrees and in various ways depending on structural compatibilities, power differentials, and policy styles, which shape conflict management and problem-solving strategies. Their responses to demands for adaptation produce differentiated outcomes and, therefore, contribute to the fragmented and heterogeneous structure of the EU. At the same time, a penetrated system of governance evolves that is extraordinary flexible and generates a multiplicity of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ mechanisms for linking EU and national governance, which smooth the management of multi-level interdependence and assist to overcome democratic derogation.
Armin von Bogdandy
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199252268
- eISBN:
- 9780191601040
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199252262.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
Chapter 3 explores the new communicative universe that has been established by the European Union, which coins the linkages between supranational and national governance in its own right, not least ...
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Chapter 3 explores the new communicative universe that has been established by the European Union, which coins the linkages between supranational and national governance in its own right, not least by dealing with knowledge as an especially important power resource. In particular, the chapter focuses on the legal framework for the manifold communicative links between EU institutions and institutions at the member state level. Thus, the Commission is presented as a central actor in the European communicative universe. It has established a multitude of mechanisms ranging from consultation processes on the basis of green and white papers to notification procedures which serve as well-functioning linkages for information processing and policy-making in an ever penetrated polity. Beside the Commission, the Council – including the COREPER and its working groups – constitutes a further communication centre in the EU. This institution, the new communicative universe produces specific challenges for member state governments and administrations (exemplified by the German government and ministries) as it increases demands on domestic coordination to improve efficient and effective interest representation at the European level.Less
Chapter 3 explores the new communicative universe that has been established by the European Union, which coins the linkages between supranational and national governance in its own right, not least by dealing with knowledge as an especially important power resource. In particular, the chapter focuses on the legal framework for the manifold communicative links between EU institutions and institutions at the member state level. Thus, the Commission is presented as a central actor in the European communicative universe. It has established a multitude of mechanisms ranging from consultation processes on the basis of green and white papers to notification procedures which serve as well-functioning linkages for information processing and policy-making in an ever penetrated polity. Beside the Commission, the Council – including the COREPER and its working groups – constitutes a further communication centre in the EU. This institution, the new communicative universe produces specific challenges for member state governments and administrations (exemplified by the German government and ministries) as it increases demands on domestic coordination to improve efficient and effective interest representation at the European level.
Terry Gourvish
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199250059
- eISBN:
- 9780191719516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250059.003.0009
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
This chapter focuses on railway investments. Topics discussed include investment promotion, reduced investment spending in 1990, the need for project management and procurement, and investments on ...
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This chapter focuses on railway investments. Topics discussed include investment promotion, reduced investment spending in 1990, the need for project management and procurement, and investments on Channel Tunnel services and the High-Speed Rail Link.Less
This chapter focuses on railway investments. Topics discussed include investment promotion, reduced investment spending in 1990, the need for project management and procurement, and investments on Channel Tunnel services and the High-Speed Rail Link.
Kerstin Hamann and John Kelly
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199270149
- eISBN:
- 9780191710353
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199270149.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Political Economy
This chapter begins by arguing that there are many different forms of political action by trade unions and union movements, including party links, lobbying, and mobilization. Moreover, the forms of ...
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This chapter begins by arguing that there are many different forms of political action by trade unions and union movements, including party links, lobbying, and mobilization. Moreover, the forms of action vary significantly across countries: lobbying and voter mobilization are far more common in the US for example. One key factor which helps explain international variation is the structure of political systems and the forms of party-union links. This chapter also draws attention to the ways in which union leaders opt for some forms of action rather than others, e.g., membership mobilization is more common in Italy and Spain, less so in the UK and the US. Finally, this chapter offers some evidence on the impact of political action on union revitalization, bringing out the extent to which combinations of political and non-political action make a difference to union outcomes.Less
This chapter begins by arguing that there are many different forms of political action by trade unions and union movements, including party links, lobbying, and mobilization. Moreover, the forms of action vary significantly across countries: lobbying and voter mobilization are far more common in the US for example. One key factor which helps explain international variation is the structure of political systems and the forms of party-union links. This chapter also draws attention to the ways in which union leaders opt for some forms of action rather than others, e.g., membership mobilization is more common in Italy and Spain, less so in the UK and the US. Finally, this chapter offers some evidence on the impact of political action on union revitalization, bringing out the extent to which combinations of political and non-political action make a difference to union outcomes.
Michael Mehling
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199565931
- eISBN:
- 9780191722028
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199565931.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Environmental and Energy Law, Private International Law
The integration of carbon markets will require a careful assessment of its political and economic viability, which, in turn, largely depends on the respective compatibility of the underlying ...
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The integration of carbon markets will require a careful assessment of its political and economic viability, which, in turn, largely depends on the respective compatibility of the underlying emissions trading schemes. Because design features in each scheme can extend to all other linked schemes, and differences — if too pronounced — can affect the integrity of the overall market as well as the direction of trade flows, a certain degree of harmonization is essential for linking. Legal and normative considerations have featured only marginally in existing research on the conditions and implications of a trading link. This chapter provides a systematic overview of such considerations. It starts by drawing a conceptual background for the subsequent analysis, defining central characteristics and different forms of linking in the second section. It then proceeds to explore the specifically normative and jurisprudential implications of linking in the third section, and distinguishes these from broader questions of political expedience and economic rationality.Less
The integration of carbon markets will require a careful assessment of its political and economic viability, which, in turn, largely depends on the respective compatibility of the underlying emissions trading schemes. Because design features in each scheme can extend to all other linked schemes, and differences — if too pronounced — can affect the integrity of the overall market as well as the direction of trade flows, a certain degree of harmonization is essential for linking. Legal and normative considerations have featured only marginally in existing research on the conditions and implications of a trading link. This chapter provides a systematic overview of such considerations. It starts by drawing a conceptual background for the subsequent analysis, defining central characteristics and different forms of linking in the second section. It then proceeds to explore the specifically normative and jurisprudential implications of linking in the third section, and distinguishes these from broader questions of political expedience and economic rationality.
Robert D. Cooter and Ariel Porat
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691151595
- eISBN:
- 9781400850396
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691151595.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Comparative Law
This chapter considers cases of “negligence per se” and the problem of unaccounted risks. In general, breaching the statute constitutes “negligence per se.” When the injurer's breach of the statute ...
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This chapter considers cases of “negligence per se” and the problem of unaccounted risks. In general, breaching the statute constitutes “negligence per se.” When the injurer's breach of the statute harms people, courts systematically compensate the victims explicitly targeted by the legislation and not other victims, creating a misalignment. The chapter first examines the doctrine of negligence per se before discussing the problem of unaccounted risks. It then describes an approach that it argues is wrong in common law negligence: the tendency of courts to treat foreground risks created by the injurer as wrongful and impose liability accordingly, while ignoring background risks. It also explores a condition for establishing liability, known as the “causal link,” and asks why courts account for the foreground risks while disregarding the background risks.Less
This chapter considers cases of “negligence per se” and the problem of unaccounted risks. In general, breaching the statute constitutes “negligence per se.” When the injurer's breach of the statute harms people, courts systematically compensate the victims explicitly targeted by the legislation and not other victims, creating a misalignment. The chapter first examines the doctrine of negligence per se before discussing the problem of unaccounted risks. It then describes an approach that it argues is wrong in common law negligence: the tendency of courts to treat foreground risks created by the injurer as wrongful and impose liability accordingly, while ignoring background risks. It also explores a condition for establishing liability, known as the “causal link,” and asks why courts account for the foreground risks while disregarding the background risks.
Christopher K. Ansell
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199772438
- eISBN:
- 9780199918997
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199772438.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter argues that recursiveness is a central but unspecified aspect of Pragmatist thought, defining recursiveness as a “continuous and interlocking cycle of perspectives.” Building on ...
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This chapter argues that recursiveness is a central but unspecified aspect of Pragmatist thought, defining recursiveness as a “continuous and interlocking cycle of perspectives.” Building on complexity theory, the chapter argues that recursiveness develops in organizations with “heterarchical” structures (with many-to-many linkages, rather than the many-to-one linkages typical of hierarchy). It then examines the New York Police Department’s Compstat system as a concrete case of organizational recursiveness. Under Compstat, direct, real-time communication between top executives and street-level bureaucrats supports strategic problem-solving. Generalizing from this example, the chapter develops the concept of a “constitutional hierarchy,” in which top executives primarily act as stewards of their organization’s general rules and values, but uphold and refine these rules and values through close contact with problem-solving operations. Recursiveness can be extended to entire organizational communities using the structural principles developed in Likert’s concept of “linking pin organization.”Less
This chapter argues that recursiveness is a central but unspecified aspect of Pragmatist thought, defining recursiveness as a “continuous and interlocking cycle of perspectives.” Building on complexity theory, the chapter argues that recursiveness develops in organizations with “heterarchical” structures (with many-to-many linkages, rather than the many-to-one linkages typical of hierarchy). It then examines the New York Police Department’s Compstat system as a concrete case of organizational recursiveness. Under Compstat, direct, real-time communication between top executives and street-level bureaucrats supports strategic problem-solving. Generalizing from this example, the chapter develops the concept of a “constitutional hierarchy,” in which top executives primarily act as stewards of their organization’s general rules and values, but uphold and refine these rules and values through close contact with problem-solving operations. Recursiveness can be extended to entire organizational communities using the structural principles developed in Likert’s concept of “linking pin organization.”
Nikolas Gisborne
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199577798
- eISBN:
- 9780191722417
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577798.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics, Syntax and Morphology
Perception verbs – such as look, see, taste, hear, feel, sound, listen, and observe – present unresolved problems for linguistic theories. This book examines the predictability of relations between ...
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Perception verbs – such as look, see, taste, hear, feel, sound, listen, and observe – present unresolved problems for linguistic theories. This book examines the predictability of relations between their semantics and syntactic behaviour, the different kinds of polysemy they exhibit, and the role of evidentiality in verbs like seem and appear. After an opening chapter explaining the nature of the issues, there is a concise introduction to Word Grammar. Chapter 3 considers the implications of the approach for a general theory of event structure, and looks at how Word Grammar can be applied to causation, argument linking, and the modelling of polysemy. Chapter 4 explores the polysemy of see; chapter 5 looks at relations between verbs of active perception like listen, and verbs of involuntary perception such as hear; chapter 6 explores the semantics of non‐finite predicative complementation; and chapter 7 discusses verbs of appearance. Chapter 8 presents some conclusions.Less
Perception verbs – such as look, see, taste, hear, feel, sound, listen, and observe – present unresolved problems for linguistic theories. This book examines the predictability of relations between their semantics and syntactic behaviour, the different kinds of polysemy they exhibit, and the role of evidentiality in verbs like seem and appear. After an opening chapter explaining the nature of the issues, there is a concise introduction to Word Grammar. Chapter 3 considers the implications of the approach for a general theory of event structure, and looks at how Word Grammar can be applied to causation, argument linking, and the modelling of polysemy. Chapter 4 explores the polysemy of see; chapter 5 looks at relations between verbs of active perception like listen, and verbs of involuntary perception such as hear; chapter 6 explores the semantics of non‐finite predicative complementation; and chapter 7 discusses verbs of appearance. Chapter 8 presents some conclusions.
Nikolas Gisborne
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199577798
- eISBN:
- 9780191722417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199577798.003.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Semantics and Pragmatics, Syntax and Morphology
This chapter introduces the book as a whole. It presents the data set, and explores some of the issues that need to be addressed in a study of these verbs as well as indicating some general concerns ...
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This chapter introduces the book as a whole. It presents the data set, and explores some of the issues that need to be addressed in a study of these verbs as well as indicating some general concerns in the study of event structure. It is observed that there are three main classes of perception verb — listen‐class verbs; hear‐class verbs; and sound‐class verbs — and there is some exploration of how different perception verbs fit into these categories, and what the core features of the categories are. This chapter locates the study in the relevant literature, and explains the features of Word Grammar, which is the organizing framework for the analysis in this book. It ends with a section describing what is coming up in the rest of the book.Less
This chapter introduces the book as a whole. It presents the data set, and explores some of the issues that need to be addressed in a study of these verbs as well as indicating some general concerns in the study of event structure. It is observed that there are three main classes of perception verb — listen‐class verbs; hear‐class verbs; and sound‐class verbs — and there is some exploration of how different perception verbs fit into these categories, and what the core features of the categories are. This chapter locates the study in the relevant literature, and explains the features of Word Grammar, which is the organizing framework for the analysis in this book. It ends with a section describing what is coming up in the rest of the book.
Andrew Ranicki
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198509240
- eISBN:
- 9780191708725
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198509240.003.0012
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Geometry / Topology
This chapter provides the algebraic construction and geometric properties of the odd-dimensional surgery obstruction groups. It includes quadratic and kernel forms.
This chapter provides the algebraic construction and geometric properties of the odd-dimensional surgery obstruction groups. It includes quadratic and kernel forms.
Wilson McLeod
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199247226
- eISBN:
- 9780191714610
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199247226.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Medieval History
This chapter shows how the breakdown of the established Gaelic world over the course of the 17th century began a process of fundamental transformation in the relationship between Gaelic Scotland and ...
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This chapter shows how the breakdown of the established Gaelic world over the course of the 17th century began a process of fundamental transformation in the relationship between Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland. As English control of Ireland grew tighter, and central government's power in Scotland more restrictive, traditional political and cultural links between Scottish and Irish Gaeldom were weakened and broken, and the two communities became less prominent in each other's mental and imaginative fields.Less
This chapter shows how the breakdown of the established Gaelic world over the course of the 17th century began a process of fundamental transformation in the relationship between Gaelic Scotland and Gaelic Ireland. As English control of Ireland grew tighter, and central government's power in Scotland more restrictive, traditional political and cultural links between Scottish and Irish Gaeldom were weakened and broken, and the two communities became less prominent in each other's mental and imaginative fields.
Paul L. Nunez and Ramesh Srinivasan
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195050387
- eISBN:
- 9780199865673
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195050387.003.0007
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Neuroendocrine and Autonomic, Techniques
Every EEG measurement depends on the locations of the recording and so-called reference electrode. The measured potential difference is a property of the path between electrode pairs. This applies to ...
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Every EEG measurement depends on the locations of the recording and so-called reference electrode. The measured potential difference is a property of the path between electrode pairs. This applies to any reference including the linked-ears (or linked-mastoid) reference. The physical linked-ears reference provides an unbalanced “random” reference. The mathematical linked-ears reference offers no obvious advantages over other references. The average reference can be used to approximate reference independent potentials if used with a large number of electrodes, but is still biased by the limited sampling of potentials over the lower surface of the head. Regardless of source, the EEG is a low-pass spatially filtered signal, making discrete sampling of the potential distribution feasible without spatial aliasing. Modern EEG systems have facilitated spatial mapping of EEG potentials. Any potential distribution on the scalp can be fit (in a least-squared sense) by an equivalent dipole distribution by solving the inverse problem.Less
Every EEG measurement depends on the locations of the recording and so-called reference electrode. The measured potential difference is a property of the path between electrode pairs. This applies to any reference including the linked-ears (or linked-mastoid) reference. The physical linked-ears reference provides an unbalanced “random” reference. The mathematical linked-ears reference offers no obvious advantages over other references. The average reference can be used to approximate reference independent potentials if used with a large number of electrodes, but is still biased by the limited sampling of potentials over the lower surface of the head. Regardless of source, the EEG is a low-pass spatially filtered signal, making discrete sampling of the potential distribution feasible without spatial aliasing. Modern EEG systems have facilitated spatial mapping of EEG potentials. Any potential distribution on the scalp can be fit (in a least-squared sense) by an equivalent dipole distribution by solving the inverse problem.
John Greenwood
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622098909
- eISBN:
- 9789882207004
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622098909.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, South and East Asia
This book describes how Hong Kong surmounted the great currency crisis of 1982–83. The book rationalizes why and how the Hong Kong Monetary Authority evolved from a pure currency board to a near ...
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This book describes how Hong Kong surmounted the great currency crisis of 1982–83. The book rationalizes why and how the Hong Kong Monetary Authority evolved from a pure currency board to a near central bank, why the linked rate system was put in place, and how it works.Less
This book describes how Hong Kong surmounted the great currency crisis of 1982–83. The book rationalizes why and how the Hong Kong Monetary Authority evolved from a pure currency board to a near central bank, why the linked rate system was put in place, and how it works.
