Ronald T. Ackermann and David G. Marrero
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195317060
- eISBN:
- 9780199871544
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195317060.003.0016
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Extensive research demonstrates the effectiveness of two broad strategies to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults: pharmacological therapy and structured lifestyle interventions. ...
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Extensive research demonstrates the effectiveness of two broad strategies to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults: pharmacological therapy and structured lifestyle interventions. To date, however, high-quality preventive services have proved particularly challenging to deliver in health care settings, even when there is compelling evidence for their clinical cost-effectiveness. Conversely, resources and policies to support modest weight loss and moderate physical activity behaviors have a stronger capacity to reach vast segments of the population when offered in non-healthcare community settings. This chapter considers the current evidence base for cost-effective prevention of diabetes and explores implications and emerging research for implementing policies and programs to prevent type 2 diabetes in non-healthcare settings.Less
Extensive research demonstrates the effectiveness of two broad strategies to prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes in adults: pharmacological therapy and structured lifestyle interventions. To date, however, high-quality preventive services have proved particularly challenging to deliver in health care settings, even when there is compelling evidence for their clinical cost-effectiveness. Conversely, resources and policies to support modest weight loss and moderate physical activity behaviors have a stronger capacity to reach vast segments of the population when offered in non-healthcare community settings. This chapter considers the current evidence base for cost-effective prevention of diabetes and explores implications and emerging research for implementing policies and programs to prevent type 2 diabetes in non-healthcare settings.
Kelliann K. Davis and John M. Jakicic
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199571512
- eISBN:
- 9780191595097
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199571512.003.0014
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This chapter discusses the treatment options for obesity when prevention falls short. It covers the three primary treatment options available — lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and surgery — ...
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This chapter discusses the treatment options for obesity when prevention falls short. It covers the three primary treatment options available — lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and surgery — from the goals of treatment to selecting the appropriate therapy for an individual. It also discusses the current evidence on the effectiveness of these treatment options in combating obesity and related co-morbid conditions.Less
This chapter discusses the treatment options for obesity when prevention falls short. It covers the three primary treatment options available — lifestyle modification, pharmacotherapy, and surgery — from the goals of treatment to selecting the appropriate therapy for an individual. It also discusses the current evidence on the effectiveness of these treatment options in combating obesity and related co-morbid conditions.
S. S. Anand, E. Lonn, and S. Yusuf
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780198525738
- eISBN:
- 9780191724114
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198525738.003.0045
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Observational studies and clinical trials have shown that lower levels of risk factors in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) can substantially reduce their risk of suffering ...
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Observational studies and clinical trials have shown that lower levels of risk factors in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) can substantially reduce their risk of suffering recurrent vascular events. Efforts directed towards reducing further CV events in patients with established CVD are known as secondary prevention. This chapter reviews the epidemiological evidence for risk factor control, lifestyle changes, and medical strategies in the secondary prevention setting. Mainstays of secondary prevention include attention to blood pressure lowering, glucose control, tobacco cessation, and optimizing an individual's cholesterol using proven medical therapies, together with sound dietary and physical activity programs, and regular use of antiplatelet agents.Less
Observational studies and clinical trials have shown that lower levels of risk factors in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD) can substantially reduce their risk of suffering recurrent vascular events. Efforts directed towards reducing further CV events in patients with established CVD are known as secondary prevention. This chapter reviews the epidemiological evidence for risk factor control, lifestyle changes, and medical strategies in the secondary prevention setting. Mainstays of secondary prevention include attention to blood pressure lowering, glucose control, tobacco cessation, and optimizing an individual's cholesterol using proven medical therapies, together with sound dietary and physical activity programs, and regular use of antiplatelet agents.
Colin Palfrey
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781447341239
- eISBN:
- 9781447341277
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447341239.001.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
Does health promotion have a lasting and positive effect on people? With mounting pressure to reduce costs to the NHS and increasing scepticism of the so-called nanny state, health promotion ...
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Does health promotion have a lasting and positive effect on people? With mounting pressure to reduce costs to the NHS and increasing scepticism of the so-called nanny state, health promotion initiatives are increasingly being criticised as costly and ineffective, with many arguing that health inequalities can only be reduced through radical political and economic change. This book examines the methods used to evaluate the value of health promotion projects and determines whether attempts to change people's lifestyles have proved successful. Taking into account the practical and ethical issues involved in deciding the appropriate approach to take in efforts to reduce health inequalities, the book assesses what might be the best path forward for health promotion.Less
Does health promotion have a lasting and positive effect on people? With mounting pressure to reduce costs to the NHS and increasing scepticism of the so-called nanny state, health promotion initiatives are increasingly being criticised as costly and ineffective, with many arguing that health inequalities can only be reduced through radical political and economic change. This book examines the methods used to evaluate the value of health promotion projects and determines whether attempts to change people's lifestyles have proved successful. Taking into account the practical and ethical issues involved in deciding the appropriate approach to take in efforts to reduce health inequalities, the book assesses what might be the best path forward for health promotion.
Meenaxi Barkataki-Ruscheweyh
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- June 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199472598
- eISBN:
- 9780199089086
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199472598.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture, Race and Ethnicity
Chapter 3 focuses on the Tangsa, and discusses their linguistic and ethnic classification into sub-groups such as the Pangwa, their relation to the Naga and the Singpho, as well as some of their ...
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Chapter 3 focuses on the Tangsa, and discusses their linguistic and ethnic classification into sub-groups such as the Pangwa, their relation to the Naga and the Singpho, as well as some of their ‘traditional’ practices, their festivals, their lifestyles and their social and cultural traditions. Starting with the past, I end in the present by describing the changes that have come to their lives with their move down the hills, their conversion to Christianity and their gradual move to a ‘modern’ style of living. The last section of the chapter describes my own introduction to the Tangsa and my first reactions to the differences I noted in their lifestyles with mine.Less
Chapter 3 focuses on the Tangsa, and discusses their linguistic and ethnic classification into sub-groups such as the Pangwa, their relation to the Naga and the Singpho, as well as some of their ‘traditional’ practices, their festivals, their lifestyles and their social and cultural traditions. Starting with the past, I end in the present by describing the changes that have come to their lives with their move down the hills, their conversion to Christianity and their gradual move to a ‘modern’ style of living. The last section of the chapter describes my own introduction to the Tangsa and my first reactions to the differences I noted in their lifestyles with mine.
