Tim Dunne, Trine Flockhart, and Marjo Koivisto
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265529
- eISBN:
- 9780191760334
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265529.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The current liberal order is fading and has failed to deliver on some of its most fundamental promises. Yet, rather than taking flight from liberal order, this book suggests that liberal orders in ...
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The current liberal order is fading and has failed to deliver on some of its most fundamental promises. Yet, rather than taking flight from liberal order, this book suggests that liberal orders in the past always have been historically constituted and institutionally contested. Although liberal order's current crisis is not disputed, it suggests that the crisis has partly been constituted by the specific account of liberal order offered by ‘new liberalism’, which in its quest for a scientific method has shorn liberalism — and with it liberal order — of its critical and normative potential. The observation places liberal order's alleged crisis in a new light, where attention to liberal values and ordering practices invite consideration of those aspects of liberal order that are resilient and enduring.Less
The current liberal order is fading and has failed to deliver on some of its most fundamental promises. Yet, rather than taking flight from liberal order, this book suggests that liberal orders in the past always have been historically constituted and institutionally contested. Although liberal order's current crisis is not disputed, it suggests that the crisis has partly been constituted by the specific account of liberal order offered by ‘new liberalism’, which in its quest for a scientific method has shorn liberalism — and with it liberal order — of its critical and normative potential. The observation places liberal order's alleged crisis in a new light, where attention to liberal values and ordering practices invite consideration of those aspects of liberal order that are resilient and enduring.
Harry Brighouse
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199253661
- eISBN:
- 9780191601972
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199253668.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
Harry Brighouse’s essay concludes Part I of the book by taking up one aspect of the task of clarifying the role of common education, by applying it to the teaching of patriotism in public (common) ...
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Harry Brighouse’s essay concludes Part I of the book by taking up one aspect of the task of clarifying the role of common education, by applying it to the teaching of patriotism in public (common) schools. He asks whether liberal and cosmopolitan values are compatible with a common education aimed at fostering patriotic attachment to the nation. He examines numerous arguments recently developed to justify fostering patriotism in common schools from a liberal–democratic perspective, and finds them all wanting. However, even if liberal–democratic arguments for teaching patriotism could be found that withstand the criticisms he advances, Brighouse argues that common schools should avoid using history as the vehicle for fostering patriotic loyalty, since even the most honest, clear-sighted, unsentimental attempts to teach national history are likely to degrade and undermine the other purposes that teaching history properly has. The chapter proceeds as follows: Section 6.1, discusses briefly the justifications of patriotism and the further arguments that patriotism is something that should be taught to children in school – and in particular the argument that history is an appropriate vehicle for teaching it; Section 2 casts doubt on the arguments for patriotism and even more doubt on the idea that it should be taught; Section 6.3 argues that history is a discipline particularly inappropriate for conveying patriotic feeling; Section 6.4 concludes.Less
Harry Brighouse’s essay concludes Part I of the book by taking up one aspect of the task of clarifying the role of common education, by applying it to the teaching of patriotism in public (common) schools. He asks whether liberal and cosmopolitan values are compatible with a common education aimed at fostering patriotic attachment to the nation. He examines numerous arguments recently developed to justify fostering patriotism in common schools from a liberal–democratic perspective, and finds them all wanting. However, even if liberal–democratic arguments for teaching patriotism could be found that withstand the criticisms he advances, Brighouse argues that common schools should avoid using history as the vehicle for fostering patriotic loyalty, since even the most honest, clear-sighted, unsentimental attempts to teach national history are likely to degrade and undermine the other purposes that teaching history properly has. The chapter proceeds as follows: Section 6.1, discusses briefly the justifications of patriotism and the further arguments that patriotism is something that should be taught to children in school – and in particular the argument that history is an appropriate vehicle for teaching it; Section 2 casts doubt on the arguments for patriotism and even more doubt on the idea that it should be taught; Section 6.3 argues that history is a discipline particularly inappropriate for conveying patriotic feeling; Section 6.4 concludes.
Thad Williamson
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195369434
- eISBN:
- 9780199852826
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195369434.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter provides an empirical scrutiny of sprawl and liberal values—social trust, tolerance, and respect for diversity. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the neighbourhood ...
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This chapter provides an empirical scrutiny of sprawl and liberal values—social trust, tolerance, and respect for diversity. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the neighbourhood characteristics of sprawl and its affinity with political conservatism—in conceptualizing the possibility of Rawls liberal egalitarian ideology as applied within the context of current American lifestyles. However, as Simone Chambers points out, for both notions of equal opportunity in political culture and conservative notions of present US distributive justice, which promote personal responsibility and legitimizing inequalities, Rawls' egalitarianism application on present US distributive justice is problematic. Results are not as “just” as Rawls would illustrate.Less
This chapter provides an empirical scrutiny of sprawl and liberal values—social trust, tolerance, and respect for diversity. It also provides an in-depth discussion of the neighbourhood characteristics of sprawl and its affinity with political conservatism—in conceptualizing the possibility of Rawls liberal egalitarian ideology as applied within the context of current American lifestyles. However, as Simone Chambers points out, for both notions of equal opportunity in political culture and conservative notions of present US distributive justice, which promote personal responsibility and legitimizing inequalities, Rawls' egalitarianism application on present US distributive justice is problematic. Results are not as “just” as Rawls would illustrate.
Tom Farer
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199534722
- eISBN:
- 9780191715891
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199534722.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration, Public International Law
This chapter argues that the encounter of liberal and illiberal communities occurs in an epoch where the integration of national economies and the revolution in communication and transportation ...
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This chapter argues that the encounter of liberal and illiberal communities occurs in an epoch where the integration of national economies and the revolution in communication and transportation coincide with the survival of parochial and traditionalist attachments. The encounter compels consideration of the limits of liberal tolerance and the bases of social peace; whether individual rights and alleged rights of groups are fully reconcilable, whether group rights are derivative of individual rights or a distinct category of human entitlements, and it further requires us to consider the rights of majorities as well as minorities. Finally, it requires consideration of the compatibility of tolerance for illiberal ways of life with the long-term sustainability of liberal democracy. These issues are examined through the lenses of law and the moral values embedded in human rights norms (best expressed politically by American liberalism and European social democracy) which constitute a particular way of visualizing human dignity.Less
This chapter argues that the encounter of liberal and illiberal communities occurs in an epoch where the integration of national economies and the revolution in communication and transportation coincide with the survival of parochial and traditionalist attachments. The encounter compels consideration of the limits of liberal tolerance and the bases of social peace; whether individual rights and alleged rights of groups are fully reconcilable, whether group rights are derivative of individual rights or a distinct category of human entitlements, and it further requires us to consider the rights of majorities as well as minorities. Finally, it requires consideration of the compatibility of tolerance for illiberal ways of life with the long-term sustainability of liberal democracy. These issues are examined through the lenses of law and the moral values embedded in human rights norms (best expressed politically by American liberalism and European social democracy) which constitute a particular way of visualizing human dignity.
Robert Song
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198269335
- eISBN:
- 9780191683619
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198269335.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, Religion and Society
This chapter examines Anglican theologian George Grant's criticism on liberalism and his thoughts on the basis of liberal values. It analyses Grant's attack on John Rawl's liberalism in his book ...
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This chapter examines Anglican theologian George Grant's criticism on liberalism and his thoughts on the basis of liberal values. It analyses Grant's attack on John Rawl's liberalism in his book English-Speaking Justice. It argues that Grant misinterpreted Rawls' account of political liberalism and justice, and Rawls' more recent works escapes many of Grant's strictures. This chapter attempts to develop Grant's arguments to show that Rawls' account of the basis of value and his distinction of political and comprehensive doctrines may in practice still result in the subversion of liberal values.Less
This chapter examines Anglican theologian George Grant's criticism on liberalism and his thoughts on the basis of liberal values. It analyses Grant's attack on John Rawl's liberalism in his book English-Speaking Justice. It argues that Grant misinterpreted Rawls' account of political liberalism and justice, and Rawls' more recent works escapes many of Grant's strictures. This chapter attempts to develop Grant's arguments to show that Rawls' account of the basis of value and his distinction of political and comprehensive doctrines may in practice still result in the subversion of liberal values.
Georg Sørensen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450228
- eISBN:
- 9780801463297
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450228.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This chapter examines the debate over liberal values as a central element of liberal world order. It considers a major dilemma facing liberals. The promotion of liberal values, including human ...
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This chapter examines the debate over liberal values as a central element of liberal world order. It considers a major dilemma facing liberals. The promotion of liberal values, including human rights, must be respectful of other cultures and societies, including their traditions and their values. At the same time, it must maintain that there are universal values valid for all, irrespective of local traditions and customs. There can be no denial of rights to life, liberty, security of the person, and protection against torture and racial discrimination. This chapter first considers liberalism's belief in progress toward an ever more liberal world as well as the link between progress and liberal values. It then explores progress in relation to the principles respected by sovereign states as members of the international society of states. It argues that liberals cannot support a policy of radical Liberalism of Restraint; they must be committed to some form of activism that will frequently come across as hostile Liberalism of Imposition.Less
This chapter examines the debate over liberal values as a central element of liberal world order. It considers a major dilemma facing liberals. The promotion of liberal values, including human rights, must be respectful of other cultures and societies, including their traditions and their values. At the same time, it must maintain that there are universal values valid for all, irrespective of local traditions and customs. There can be no denial of rights to life, liberty, security of the person, and protection against torture and racial discrimination. This chapter first considers liberalism's belief in progress toward an ever more liberal world as well as the link between progress and liberal values. It then explores progress in relation to the principles respected by sovereign states as members of the international society of states. It argues that liberals cannot support a policy of radical Liberalism of Restraint; they must be committed to some form of activism that will frequently come across as hostile Liberalism of Imposition.
Michael Freeden
- Published in print:
- 1986
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198229612
- eISBN:
- 9780191678899
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198229612.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
One of the fundamental themes that have shaped the contents is the conviction that ideas are facts, that they can be treated as empirical phenomena and subjected to scientific scrutiny, and that ...
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One of the fundamental themes that have shaped the contents is the conviction that ideas are facts, that they can be treated as empirical phenomena and subjected to scientific scrutiny, and that political thought is a ubiquitous aspect of political behaviour. The book also suggested that political thought is to be found at any level of political action, on different levels of sophistication. The critique of liberal thought is often based on the mid-19th century model, though the basic attitudes underlying liberalism are not anchored to a particular point in time. On the historical level of interest, this book has attempted to probe the changes in liberal mentality prior to the unparalleled activity of the Liberal party in social legislation. On the eve of a cataclysmic world war, liberalism had designed a fitting climax to the rational faith in human perfectibility.Less
One of the fundamental themes that have shaped the contents is the conviction that ideas are facts, that they can be treated as empirical phenomena and subjected to scientific scrutiny, and that political thought is a ubiquitous aspect of political behaviour. The book also suggested that political thought is to be found at any level of political action, on different levels of sophistication. The critique of liberal thought is often based on the mid-19th century model, though the basic attitudes underlying liberalism are not anchored to a particular point in time. On the historical level of interest, this book has attempted to probe the changes in liberal mentality prior to the unparalleled activity of the Liberal party in social legislation. On the eve of a cataclysmic world war, liberalism had designed a fitting climax to the rational faith in human perfectibility.
Stephen R. L. Clark
- Published in print:
- 1990
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198242369
- eISBN:
- 9780191680458
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198242369.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This book is part of a trilogy based on the Stanton Lectures in the Philosophy of Religion delivered at the University of Cambridge in 1986–8. This second volume attempts to restate a traditional ...
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This book is part of a trilogy based on the Stanton Lectures in the Philosophy of Religion delivered at the University of Cambridge in 1986–8. This second volume attempts to restate a traditional philosophy of mind, drawing upon philosophical and poetic resources that are often neglected in modern and post-modern thought, and emphasizing the moral and political implications of differing ‘philosophies of mind and value’. The book presents a study of the soul as it has traditionally been conceived and as it can be understood through imaginative attention to our changing moods, beliefs, and fears. It argues that without that traditional concept we have little reason to believe that liberal values (rational thought and individual autonomy) are either possible or desirable. Particular topics discussed include the political context of identity claims, the uses of introspection, free will, ‘the beast within’ as alien monster or necessary angel, the possibility of knowledge and the dangers of curiosity, the fear of death, the philoprogenitive gene, the political roots of the distinction between facts and values, and the body–mind problem.Less
This book is part of a trilogy based on the Stanton Lectures in the Philosophy of Religion delivered at the University of Cambridge in 1986–8. This second volume attempts to restate a traditional philosophy of mind, drawing upon philosophical and poetic resources that are often neglected in modern and post-modern thought, and emphasizing the moral and political implications of differing ‘philosophies of mind and value’. The book presents a study of the soul as it has traditionally been conceived and as it can be understood through imaginative attention to our changing moods, beliefs, and fears. It argues that without that traditional concept we have little reason to believe that liberal values (rational thought and individual autonomy) are either possible or desirable. Particular topics discussed include the political context of identity claims, the uses of introspection, free will, ‘the beast within’ as alien monster or necessary angel, the possibility of knowledge and the dangers of curiosity, the fear of death, the philoprogenitive gene, the political roots of the distinction between facts and values, and the body–mind problem.
Georg Sørensen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801450228
- eISBN:
- 9780801463297
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801450228.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book has rejected a number of pessimistic scenarios for the current world order in view of liberal progress in the world rather than liberal crisis. Postmodern states are engaged in a security ...
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This book has rejected a number of pessimistic scenarios for the current world order in view of liberal progress in the world rather than liberal crisis. Postmodern states are engaged in a security community, and international society's great respect for existing borders further reduces the relevance of the classical security dilemma. Although weak states are a serious problem, a “coming anarchy” with general breakdown of established states is not yet on the horizon. And while international terrorism is a formidable challenge, it is not a new, existential menace. However, this book has also identified a liberal dilemma related to the core liberal concept of freedom: it involves the choice between Restraint, non-intervention, tolerance, and empathy on the one hand, and Imposition, intervention, and activist promotion of universal liberal principles on the other hand. Finally, it has explored the liberal world order in relation to weak states, free markets, international institutions, and liberal values. The book concludes with a reconsideration of prospects for a liberal world order as well as liberal principles.Less
This book has rejected a number of pessimistic scenarios for the current world order in view of liberal progress in the world rather than liberal crisis. Postmodern states are engaged in a security community, and international society's great respect for existing borders further reduces the relevance of the classical security dilemma. Although weak states are a serious problem, a “coming anarchy” with general breakdown of established states is not yet on the horizon. And while international terrorism is a formidable challenge, it is not a new, existential menace. However, this book has also identified a liberal dilemma related to the core liberal concept of freedom: it involves the choice between Restraint, non-intervention, tolerance, and empathy on the one hand, and Imposition, intervention, and activist promotion of universal liberal principles on the other hand. Finally, it has explored the liberal world order in relation to weak states, free markets, international institutions, and liberal values. The book concludes with a reconsideration of prospects for a liberal world order as well as liberal principles.
Peter Starr
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823226030
- eISBN:
- 9780823240920
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823226030.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature
This chapter argues that Flaubert effectively implies and subverts a series of traditional liberal values—those of freedom, culture, judgment, and individual distinction—while nonetheless taking his ...
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This chapter argues that Flaubert effectively implies and subverts a series of traditional liberal values—those of freedom, culture, judgment, and individual distinction—while nonetheless taking his “revenge” on those who would deny such values. After briefly considering how Flaubert's reprise of melancholy vitalism in Bouvard results in a form of what LaCapra has called “post-traumatic writing,” the chapter concludes by examining two variants of the late nineteenth-century French Liberal response to an agonistic quality inherent in the era's mounting democratism, contrasting the melancholy ambivalence or double-voicedness of Ernest Renan's writings circa 1871 with what the author calls the antiagonistic strategies of Flaubert's contemporaneous novels. Bouvard and Pécuchet actually take up the matter of universal suffrage on the tenth of December 1848, when “all the people of Chavignolles voted for Bonaparte.”Less
This chapter argues that Flaubert effectively implies and subverts a series of traditional liberal values—those of freedom, culture, judgment, and individual distinction—while nonetheless taking his “revenge” on those who would deny such values. After briefly considering how Flaubert's reprise of melancholy vitalism in Bouvard results in a form of what LaCapra has called “post-traumatic writing,” the chapter concludes by examining two variants of the late nineteenth-century French Liberal response to an agonistic quality inherent in the era's mounting democratism, contrasting the melancholy ambivalence or double-voicedness of Ernest Renan's writings circa 1871 with what the author calls the antiagonistic strategies of Flaubert's contemporaneous novels. Bouvard and Pécuchet actually take up the matter of universal suffrage on the tenth of December 1848, when “all the people of Chavignolles voted for Bonaparte.”
Boaz Ganor
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231172127
- eISBN:
- 9780231538916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172127.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
This chapter expands on terrorism's exploitation of liberal democracy and explains the main dilemmas that this generates for the liberal democratic state plagued by terrorism. States operating under ...
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This chapter expands on terrorism's exploitation of liberal democracy and explains the main dilemmas that this generates for the liberal democratic state plagued by terrorism. States operating under liberal democratic values generally find themselves the target of terrorist attacks because the very system itself can easily facilitate, communicate, and amplify terrorism's prime commodity: fear. With the use of media coverage in part and with psychological manipulations of public opinion as a whole, terrorists can personalize their actions to instill the greatest possible amount of fear into the public, who will then pressure their decision makers into giving in to the terrorists' demands. Removing the freedoms afforded by modern democracies can limit opportunities for these attacks, albeit at the expense of undermining liberal democratic values.Less
This chapter expands on terrorism's exploitation of liberal democracy and explains the main dilemmas that this generates for the liberal democratic state plagued by terrorism. States operating under liberal democratic values generally find themselves the target of terrorist attacks because the very system itself can easily facilitate, communicate, and amplify terrorism's prime commodity: fear. With the use of media coverage in part and with psychological manipulations of public opinion as a whole, terrorists can personalize their actions to instill the greatest possible amount of fear into the public, who will then pressure their decision makers into giving in to the terrorists' demands. Removing the freedoms afforded by modern democracies can limit opportunities for these attacks, albeit at the expense of undermining liberal democratic values.
Charles W. Mills
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- March 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190245412
- eISBN:
- 9780190245450
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190245412.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
The “Occupy Wall Street!” movement stimulated a long listing of other candidates for radical “occupation.” This chapter proposes as a target for radical occupation the somewhat unusual candidate of ...
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The “Occupy Wall Street!” movement stimulated a long listing of other candidates for radical “occupation.” This chapter proposes as a target for radical occupation the somewhat unusual candidate of liberalism itself. It argues for a constructive engagement of radicals with liberalism in order to retrieve it for a radical egalitarian agenda. The premise is that the foundational values of liberalism have a radical potential that has not historically been realized, given the way the dominant varieties of liberalism have developed. Ten reasons standardly given as to why such a retrieval cannot be carried out are examined and argued to be fallacious.Less
The “Occupy Wall Street!” movement stimulated a long listing of other candidates for radical “occupation.” This chapter proposes as a target for radical occupation the somewhat unusual candidate of liberalism itself. It argues for a constructive engagement of radicals with liberalism in order to retrieve it for a radical egalitarian agenda. The premise is that the foundational values of liberalism have a radical potential that has not historically been realized, given the way the dominant varieties of liberalism have developed. Ten reasons standardly given as to why such a retrieval cannot be carried out are examined and argued to be fallacious.
Nicholas R. Parrillo
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780300176582
- eISBN:
- 9780300187304
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300176582.003.0011
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
The Epilogue presents the story of the salary revolution from a wider perspective. It consists, it states, of two distinct through simultaneous transformations. The first involving payments and the ...
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The Epilogue presents the story of the salary revolution from a wider perspective. It consists, it states, of two distinct through simultaneous transformations. The first involving payments and the other involving bounties. Why did this happen? Why did the system exist in the first place? The salary has, through a long process of trial and error, become integral to the vindication of liberal-republican values, the honoring of plural interest-group claims, and the popular acceptance of legislatively enacted programs in a democratic society.Less
The Epilogue presents the story of the salary revolution from a wider perspective. It consists, it states, of two distinct through simultaneous transformations. The first involving payments and the other involving bounties. Why did this happen? Why did the system exist in the first place? The salary has, through a long process of trial and error, become integral to the vindication of liberal-republican values, the honoring of plural interest-group claims, and the popular acceptance of legislatively enacted programs in a democratic society.
Helen McCarthy
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719086168
- eISBN:
- 9781781702659
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719086168.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This chapter evaluates how far the League movement realised its dream of a ‘democratised’ foreign policy between the wars, and addresses its fortunes after 1945, when the League of Nations Union ...
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This chapter evaluates how far the League movement realised its dream of a ‘democratised’ foreign policy between the wars, and addresses its fortunes after 1945, when the League of Nations Union (LNU) was reborn as the United Nations Association and found itself confronted with a dramatically altered world-order. The LNU never fully resolved the tension between intellectualism and emotionalism in political life. The risks to the LNU of abandoning its non-party status appear obvious. The LNU's civic strategy became an exercise in the bolting on of liberal-internationalist ideas to pre-existing loyalties and identities. The LNU did not generate the sort of ‘lifestyle’ or ‘identity’ politics associated with later social movements. The movement remained a centrist force in British politics and society, preserving a place for liberal-internationalist values in post-war associational life, albeit on a far less remarkable scale than in earlier times.Less
This chapter evaluates how far the League movement realised its dream of a ‘democratised’ foreign policy between the wars, and addresses its fortunes after 1945, when the League of Nations Union (LNU) was reborn as the United Nations Association and found itself confronted with a dramatically altered world-order. The LNU never fully resolved the tension between intellectualism and emotionalism in political life. The risks to the LNU of abandoning its non-party status appear obvious. The LNU's civic strategy became an exercise in the bolting on of liberal-internationalist ideas to pre-existing loyalties and identities. The LNU did not generate the sort of ‘lifestyle’ or ‘identity’ politics associated with later social movements. The movement remained a centrist force in British politics and society, preserving a place for liberal-internationalist values in post-war associational life, albeit on a far less remarkable scale than in earlier times.
Stephen E Bronner
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780300162516
- eISBN:
- 9780300163735
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300162516.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This book presents bigotry as a systematic, all-encompassing mindset that has a special affinity for rightwing movements. It explores the appeal of bigotry, the self-image it justifies, the interests ...
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This book presents bigotry as a systematic, all-encompassing mindset that has a special affinity for rightwing movements. It explores the appeal of bigotry, the self-image it justifies, the interests it serves, and its complex connection with modernity. It reveals how prejudice shapes the conspiratorial and paranoid worldview of the true believer, the elitist, and the chauvinist. In the process, it becomes apparent how the bigot hides behind mainstream conservative labels in order to support policies designed to disadvantage the targets of his contempt. Examining bigotry in its various dimensions—anthropological, historical, psychological, sociological, and political—the book illustrates how the bigot's intense hatred of “the other” is a direct reaction to social progress, liberal values, secularism, and an increasingly complex and diverse world.Less
This book presents bigotry as a systematic, all-encompassing mindset that has a special affinity for rightwing movements. It explores the appeal of bigotry, the self-image it justifies, the interests it serves, and its complex connection with modernity. It reveals how prejudice shapes the conspiratorial and paranoid worldview of the true believer, the elitist, and the chauvinist. In the process, it becomes apparent how the bigot hides behind mainstream conservative labels in order to support policies designed to disadvantage the targets of his contempt. Examining bigotry in its various dimensions—anthropological, historical, psychological, sociological, and political—the book illustrates how the bigot's intense hatred of “the other” is a direct reaction to social progress, liberal values, secularism, and an increasingly complex and diverse world.
John Gardner
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198818755
- eISBN:
- 9780191859656
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198818755.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Philosophy of Law
This chapter has two concerns. It first reflects on the special institutional arrangements of private law. Next, the chapter considers, more broadly, the role of freedom, choice, and autonomy—what ...
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This chapter has two concerns. It first reflects on the special institutional arrangements of private law. Next, the chapter considers, more broadly, the role of freedom, choice, and autonomy—what might be called ‘liberal values’—in the defence of private law. It rejects the widely favoured idea that the case for the wrongdoer to owe a reparative duty to the person wronged entails that the person wronged should be the one to pursue that remedy and have control over the process by which it is obtained (or not, at that person’s discretion). There is no entailment. Indeed, the process by which the wrongdoer is brought into line still remains in question.Less
This chapter has two concerns. It first reflects on the special institutional arrangements of private law. Next, the chapter considers, more broadly, the role of freedom, choice, and autonomy—what might be called ‘liberal values’—in the defence of private law. It rejects the widely favoured idea that the case for the wrongdoer to owe a reparative duty to the person wronged entails that the person wronged should be the one to pursue that remedy and have control over the process by which it is obtained (or not, at that person’s discretion). There is no entailment. Indeed, the process by which the wrongdoer is brought into line still remains in question.
Boaz Ganor
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231172127
- eISBN:
- 9780231538916
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231172127.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
This chapter presents an in-depth analysis of the root and instrumental causes and goals underlying Islamist terrorism. To understand Islamist-jihadist terrorism in general, and the phenomenon of ...
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This chapter presents an in-depth analysis of the root and instrumental causes and goals underlying Islamist terrorism. To understand Islamist-jihadist terrorism in general, and the phenomenon of suicide terrorism in particular, it behooves Western decision makers steeped in liberal democratic values to take a step back and begin to view the impetus for terrorism from the perspective of the terrorists themselves. Decision making within terrorist ranks are complicated affairs, influenced by myriad social, political, and even personal considerations. Yet certain commonalities arise within the terrorist rationale that points to influences created via propaganda, indoctrination, and incitement as they are grounded in religious justifications, interpretations, and commandments, if not in a single member's susceptibility to personal and social-organizational factors such as peer pressure or a desire for revenge. Understanding these varied considerations is crucial to exploring the rationale behind specific types of terrorist attack.Less
This chapter presents an in-depth analysis of the root and instrumental causes and goals underlying Islamist terrorism. To understand Islamist-jihadist terrorism in general, and the phenomenon of suicide terrorism in particular, it behooves Western decision makers steeped in liberal democratic values to take a step back and begin to view the impetus for terrorism from the perspective of the terrorists themselves. Decision making within terrorist ranks are complicated affairs, influenced by myriad social, political, and even personal considerations. Yet certain commonalities arise within the terrorist rationale that points to influences created via propaganda, indoctrination, and incitement as they are grounded in religious justifications, interpretations, and commandments, if not in a single member's susceptibility to personal and social-organizational factors such as peer pressure or a desire for revenge. Understanding these varied considerations is crucial to exploring the rationale behind specific types of terrorist attack.
