Gabriel Horn
- Published in print:
- 1985
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780198521563
- eISBN:
- 9780191706578
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198521563.003.0008
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter investigates the effects of brain lesions on imprinting; the training objects were either a rotating flashing red box or a stuffed hen jungle-fowl. In experiments, the preferences of ...
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This chapter investigates the effects of brain lesions on imprinting; the training objects were either a rotating flashing red box or a stuffed hen jungle-fowl. In experiments, the preferences of both chicks trained on the jungle fowl and chicks trained on the red box were reduced. The effect on the box-trained chicks was significant, while the effect on chicks trained on the jungle fowl was relatively weak. The preferences of young chicks were affected by two underlying processes. There is (i) a developing predisposition which becomes apparent as an increasing preference for the jungle fowl. The predisposition can be activated by non-specific experiences, and once activated interacts with (ii) a learning process through which chicks come to recognize specific objects to which they have been exposed. The IMHV is concerned with the second process.Less
This chapter investigates the effects of brain lesions on imprinting; the training objects were either a rotating flashing red box or a stuffed hen jungle-fowl. In experiments, the preferences of both chicks trained on the jungle fowl and chicks trained on the red box were reduced. The effect on the box-trained chicks was significant, while the effect on chicks trained on the jungle fowl was relatively weak. The preferences of young chicks were affected by two underlying processes. There is (i) a developing predisposition which becomes apparent as an increasing preference for the jungle fowl. The predisposition can be activated by non-specific experiences, and once activated interacts with (ii) a learning process through which chicks come to recognize specific objects to which they have been exposed. The IMHV is concerned with the second process.
Helena Michie
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195073874
- eISBN:
- 9780199855223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195073874.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
The chapter discusses sororophobia and sisterhood in relation to lesbian communities. The chapter opens with a discussion on Rita Mae Brown's Rubyfruit Jungle, which is credited as the first ...
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The chapter discusses sororophobia and sisterhood in relation to lesbian communities. The chapter opens with a discussion on Rita Mae Brown's Rubyfruit Jungle, which is credited as the first lesbian-themed novel to make it on the bestseller list. The novel highlights the chapter's assertion that lesbianism or homosexuality is rooted in a constantly evolving interrelationship between sameness and difference, the definitions of which change over time—for both lesbian-feminists and their homophobic counterparts. Differences in beliefs and practices within these feminist and lesbian communities regarding such issues as sado-masochism, butch-femme role playing, and race are discussed, along with their potentially divisive danger to the community. In the remainder of the chapter, the manifestations of these themes of sameness and difference are identified and examined in lesbian-feminist poetry. The chapter highlights the lesbian poet's struggle to represent this “otherness” while celebrating identity—which also mirrors the dilemma of lesbian practice.Less
The chapter discusses sororophobia and sisterhood in relation to lesbian communities. The chapter opens with a discussion on Rita Mae Brown's Rubyfruit Jungle, which is credited as the first lesbian-themed novel to make it on the bestseller list. The novel highlights the chapter's assertion that lesbianism or homosexuality is rooted in a constantly evolving interrelationship between sameness and difference, the definitions of which change over time—for both lesbian-feminists and their homophobic counterparts. Differences in beliefs and practices within these feminist and lesbian communities regarding such issues as sado-masochism, butch-femme role playing, and race are discussed, along with their potentially divisive danger to the community. In the remainder of the chapter, the manifestations of these themes of sameness and difference are identified and examined in lesbian-feminist poetry. The chapter highlights the lesbian poet's struggle to represent this “otherness” while celebrating identity—which also mirrors the dilemma of lesbian practice.
Patricia D. Norland
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781501749735
- eISBN:
- 9781501749759
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501749735.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Asian Cultural Anthropology
This book offers the narratives of a group of privileged women who were immersed in a French lycée and later rebelled and fought for independence, starting with France's occupation of Vietnam and ...
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This book offers the narratives of a group of privileged women who were immersed in a French lycée and later rebelled and fought for independence, starting with France's occupation of Vietnam and continuing through US involvement and life after war ends in 1975. Tracing the lives of nine women, the book reveals these women's stories as they forsook safety and comfort to struggle for independence, and describes how they adapted to life in the jungle, whether facing bombing raids, malaria, deadly snakes, or other trials. How did they juggle double lives working for the resistance in Saigon? How could they endure having to rely on family members to raise their own children? Why, after being sent to study abroad by anxious parents, did several women choose to return to serve their country? How could they bear open-ended separation from their husbands? How did they cope with sending their children to villages to escape the bombings of Hanoi? In spite of the maelstrom of war, how did they forge careers? And how, in spite of dislocation and distrust following the end of the war in 1975, did these women find each other and rekindle their friendships? This book answers these questions and more in this powerful and personal approach to history.Less
This book offers the narratives of a group of privileged women who were immersed in a French lycée and later rebelled and fought for independence, starting with France's occupation of Vietnam and continuing through US involvement and life after war ends in 1975. Tracing the lives of nine women, the book reveals these women's stories as they forsook safety and comfort to struggle for independence, and describes how they adapted to life in the jungle, whether facing bombing raids, malaria, deadly snakes, or other trials. How did they juggle double lives working for the resistance in Saigon? How could they endure having to rely on family members to raise their own children? Why, after being sent to study abroad by anxious parents, did several women choose to return to serve their country? How could they bear open-ended separation from their husbands? How did they cope with sending their children to villages to escape the bombings of Hanoi? In spite of the maelstrom of war, how did they forge careers? And how, in spite of dislocation and distrust following the end of the war in 1975, did these women find each other and rekindle their friendships? This book answers these questions and more in this powerful and personal approach to history.
Jennifer Anna Gosetti-Ferencei
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199604128
- eISBN:
- 9780191729362
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199604128.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
In modernism, the city is exoticized as a primitive realm, a symbolic convergence of the spaces of external urban experience and the inner psyche. Exoticization in Brecht’s drama Im Dickicht der ...
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In modernism, the city is exoticized as a primitive realm, a symbolic convergence of the spaces of external urban experience and the inner psyche. Exoticization in Brecht’s drama Im Dickicht der Städte occurs through depictions of fragmentation of perception, intense emotional and sexual struggle, and metaphoric comparison of the city to a jungle or a swamp. Fractured sensations, animalistic lust, fear, or aggression, and confusion between imagination and objective reality, threaten the ostensibly rational order of urban life, and may lead to the unveiling of a more essential substrate. Brecht’s drama sheds critical light on modernity and the urban form of modern life, in particular the fracturing of the individual and his social foundations in urban spaces, by associating the primitive with social antagonism and exploitation. As in Expressionist fiction and poetry and modernist aesthetics, the city and the human psyche symbolically converge.Less
In modernism, the city is exoticized as a primitive realm, a symbolic convergence of the spaces of external urban experience and the inner psyche. Exoticization in Brecht’s drama Im Dickicht der Städte occurs through depictions of fragmentation of perception, intense emotional and sexual struggle, and metaphoric comparison of the city to a jungle or a swamp. Fractured sensations, animalistic lust, fear, or aggression, and confusion between imagination and objective reality, threaten the ostensibly rational order of urban life, and may lead to the unveiling of a more essential substrate. Brecht’s drama sheds critical light on modernity and the urban form of modern life, in particular the fracturing of the individual and his social foundations in urban spaces, by associating the primitive with social antagonism and exploitation. As in Expressionist fiction and poetry and modernist aesthetics, the city and the human psyche symbolically converge.
Alison J. Murray Levine
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781786940414
- eISBN:
- 9781789629408
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781786940414.003.0007
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter presents three films that deal with homelessness and migration: Qu’ils reposent en révolte (Sylvain George, 2011) about migrants in Calais; Au bord du monde/On the Edge of the World ...
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This chapter presents three films that deal with homelessness and migration: Qu’ils reposent en révolte (Sylvain George, 2011) about migrants in Calais; Au bord du monde/On the Edge of the World (Claus Drexel, 2014) on homeless people in central Paris; and La Permanence/On Call (Alice Diop, 2016), which depicts a free medical clinic in Bobigny. In all of these films, the protagonists live at the metaphorical edge of society, and some walk other edges as well, between life and death, between physical and mental illness and health. These three directors explore what happens at these edges, far outside the realm of direct experience for most documentary film viewers. They follow characters to physical and geographical edges—national borders, riverbanks, beaches, and roadsides—and invite viewers to tiptoe up to those edges and feel the danger they pose. The films create film spaces, if ephemeral ones, where these rootless individuals do belong, where they can emerge as individuals, and where there is a potential for experiential and ecological connection with the viewer.Less
This chapter presents three films that deal with homelessness and migration: Qu’ils reposent en révolte (Sylvain George, 2011) about migrants in Calais; Au bord du monde/On the Edge of the World (Claus Drexel, 2014) on homeless people in central Paris; and La Permanence/On Call (Alice Diop, 2016), which depicts a free medical clinic in Bobigny. In all of these films, the protagonists live at the metaphorical edge of society, and some walk other edges as well, between life and death, between physical and mental illness and health. These three directors explore what happens at these edges, far outside the realm of direct experience for most documentary film viewers. They follow characters to physical and geographical edges—national borders, riverbanks, beaches, and roadsides—and invite viewers to tiptoe up to those edges and feel the danger they pose. The films create film spaces, if ephemeral ones, where these rootless individuals do belong, where they can emerge as individuals, and where there is a potential for experiential and ecological connection with the viewer.
Douglas Kerr
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099142
- eISBN:
- 9789882206632
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099142.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This chapter sets the reflective colonial traveler in the perplexing space of the jungle. The issue here is the representations of the jungle, and these constitute a discourse and a tradition which ...
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This chapter sets the reflective colonial traveler in the perplexing space of the jungle. The issue here is the representations of the jungle, and these constitute a discourse and a tradition which embrace fictional and non-fictional writing. To read about the jungle is often to be struck by a recurrent figure of ingestion, an anxiety about being swallowed up by the scene of nature, never to reappear. The story of the fall of Angkor is then, like Kipling's “Recessional”, a warning of what may befall a proud empire — the ruins in the jungle performing the function of the emblematic skull at the feast — but there is also a sombre gratification in contemplating the mutability of secular might. As for Hugh Clifford, of course it was the power of the British Empire that had enabled him in the first place to travel to and write about the ruins of imperial Angkor.Less
This chapter sets the reflective colonial traveler in the perplexing space of the jungle. The issue here is the representations of the jungle, and these constitute a discourse and a tradition which embrace fictional and non-fictional writing. To read about the jungle is often to be struck by a recurrent figure of ingestion, an anxiety about being swallowed up by the scene of nature, never to reappear. The story of the fall of Angkor is then, like Kipling's “Recessional”, a warning of what may befall a proud empire — the ruins in the jungle performing the function of the emblematic skull at the feast — but there is also a sombre gratification in contemplating the mutability of secular might. As for Hugh Clifford, of course it was the power of the British Empire that had enabled him in the first place to travel to and write about the ruins of imperial Angkor.
James Bohn
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781496812148
- eISBN:
- 9781496812186
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Mississippi
- DOI:
- 10.14325/mississippi/9781496812148.003.0010
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
The Sword in the Stone and The Jungle Book were the last two animated features to be produced under the supervision of Walt Disney. They were also the first two animated films that included songs ...
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The Sword in the Stone and The Jungle Book were the last two animated features to be produced under the supervision of Walt Disney. They were also the first two animated films that included songs written by the Sherman Brothers. Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman were born into a songwriting family and found their first string of successes writing songs for Mouseketeer Annette Funicello. The chapter covers the use of Jazz in “The Bare Necessities” and “I Wan’na Be Like You.” “My Own Home,” which is equal parts work song, lullaby, and siren song, is contextualized in terms of the main theme of The Jungle Book.Less
The Sword in the Stone and The Jungle Book were the last two animated features to be produced under the supervision of Walt Disney. They were also the first two animated films that included songs written by the Sherman Brothers. Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman were born into a songwriting family and found their first string of successes writing songs for Mouseketeer Annette Funicello. The chapter covers the use of Jazz in “The Bare Necessities” and “I Wan’na Be Like You.” “My Own Home,” which is equal parts work song, lullaby, and siren song, is contextualized in terms of the main theme of The Jungle Book.
Lynn Stephen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520222373
- eISBN:
- 9780520927643
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520222373.003.0006
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Latin American Cultural Anthropology
This chapter discusses the origins of Zapatismo in eastern Chiapas through the encounter between northern activists who came to form a guerilla army and indigenous leaders and activists who had a ...
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This chapter discusses the origins of Zapatismo in eastern Chiapas through the encounter between northern activists who came to form a guerilla army and indigenous leaders and activists who had a twenty year history in a nonviolent struggle to improve their lives. It examines the process of transvaluation where the local particulars of Chiapas Zapatismo were adopted by a wide range of sectors and causes within Mexico. The chapter also identifies the limits to the local Zapatismo created in the Lacandon jungle of Chiapas.Less
This chapter discusses the origins of Zapatismo in eastern Chiapas through the encounter between northern activists who came to form a guerilla army and indigenous leaders and activists who had a twenty year history in a nonviolent struggle to improve their lives. It examines the process of transvaluation where the local particulars of Chiapas Zapatismo were adopted by a wide range of sectors and causes within Mexico. The chapter also identifies the limits to the local Zapatismo created in the Lacandon jungle of Chiapas.
Richard P. Tucker
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520220874
- eISBN:
- 9780520923812
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520220874.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter is concerned with the rubber industry. It reveals that rubber can be commercially grown either on vast one-crop plantations or as the primary cash-earning commodity on multicrop ...
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This chapter is concerned with the rubber industry. It reveals that rubber can be commercially grown either on vast one-crop plantations or as the primary cash-earning commodity on multicrop smallholder farms. The next few sections identify the various sources of rubber and study the search of explorers in the Amazon for the Hevea brasiliensis and the harvesting of Amazonian jungle rubber. These are followed by a discussion on the American rubber corporations on Sumatra as well as the rubber plantations that spread in North Sumatra. The search for alternative sources of supply is examined, which took rubber corporations to the Philippines, Chiapas, Liberia, and Amazonia. Finally, the chapter discusses synthetic rubber, natural rubber groves, the rubber industry in Indonesia, and Harvey Firestone's rubber plantations in Liberia.Less
This chapter is concerned with the rubber industry. It reveals that rubber can be commercially grown either on vast one-crop plantations or as the primary cash-earning commodity on multicrop smallholder farms. The next few sections identify the various sources of rubber and study the search of explorers in the Amazon for the Hevea brasiliensis and the harvesting of Amazonian jungle rubber. These are followed by a discussion on the American rubber corporations on Sumatra as well as the rubber plantations that spread in North Sumatra. The search for alternative sources of supply is examined, which took rubber corporations to the Philippines, Chiapas, Liberia, and Amazonia. Finally, the chapter discusses synthetic rubber, natural rubber groves, the rubber industry in Indonesia, and Harvey Firestone's rubber plantations in Liberia.
John D. Early
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780813040134
- eISBN:
- 9780813043838
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813040134.003.0019
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Social Groups
When the insurgents had been defeated, the military turned the Maya areas into militarized zones. The goal was to prevent a reoccurrence of insurgency by rooting out any remaining guerrilla bands and ...
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When the insurgents had been defeated, the military turned the Maya areas into militarized zones. The goal was to prevent a reoccurrence of insurgency by rooting out any remaining guerrilla bands and by harassing their sympathizers. The army constructed centers to relocate and re-educate former combatants and supporters of the insurgency as well as refugees from destroyed communities. Maya Catholics sought to go on with their lives in a number of different ways. Some lived under army control in centers of relocation. Others sought to escape the army by becoming refugees in Mexico or hiding out in mobile bands in the jungles of northwest Ixcan. Under these varying conditions, Catholic groups carried on with their communal life based on biblical reflection as well as they could.Less
When the insurgents had been defeated, the military turned the Maya areas into militarized zones. The goal was to prevent a reoccurrence of insurgency by rooting out any remaining guerrilla bands and by harassing their sympathizers. The army constructed centers to relocate and re-educate former combatants and supporters of the insurgency as well as refugees from destroyed communities. Maya Catholics sought to go on with their lives in a number of different ways. Some lived under army control in centers of relocation. Others sought to escape the army by becoming refugees in Mexico or hiding out in mobile bands in the jungles of northwest Ixcan. Under these varying conditions, Catholic groups carried on with their communal life based on biblical reflection as well as they could.
Jerod Ra'Del Hollyfield
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474429948
- eISBN:
- 9781474453561
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474429948.003.0010
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
As the 2008 global recession irrevocably changed entertainment financing, films beyond blockbuster or microbudget production methods became anathema to studios. However, adaptations of Victorian ...
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As the 2008 global recession irrevocably changed entertainment financing, films beyond blockbuster or microbudget production methods became anathema to studios. However, adaptations of Victorian literature did not die in this climate; they merely conformed to market demands whether in the form of Disney adaptations of Alice in Wonderland or a new iteration of BBC prestige drama. The last decade has seen a reduced, albeit largely well-received, series of 19th century-set stories and literature adaptations in theatres and on television, largely bolstered by the rise of streaming. Within this context, interfidelity’s holistic approach and negotiation of specific relationships between texts as well as the production and industrial contexts in which films are produced is all the more vital. In bridging a contrapuntal reading of Victorian works with recent advances in adaptation studies, interfidelity fosters a space in which fidelity is a fundamental tool in tracing the development of Empire from colonial discourse to global capital’s post-recession evolution and its effect on Hollywood production. Though best illustrated by direct application to films that share the context of those discussed in this study, interfidelity is applicable to the host of current adaptation situations that result from Victorian texts’ continuing appeal and Hollywood’s increasingly transnational make-up.Less
As the 2008 global recession irrevocably changed entertainment financing, films beyond blockbuster or microbudget production methods became anathema to studios. However, adaptations of Victorian literature did not die in this climate; they merely conformed to market demands whether in the form of Disney adaptations of Alice in Wonderland or a new iteration of BBC prestige drama. The last decade has seen a reduced, albeit largely well-received, series of 19th century-set stories and literature adaptations in theatres and on television, largely bolstered by the rise of streaming. Within this context, interfidelity’s holistic approach and negotiation of specific relationships between texts as well as the production and industrial contexts in which films are produced is all the more vital. In bridging a contrapuntal reading of Victorian works with recent advances in adaptation studies, interfidelity fosters a space in which fidelity is a fundamental tool in tracing the development of Empire from colonial discourse to global capital’s post-recession evolution and its effect on Hollywood production. Though best illustrated by direct application to films that share the context of those discussed in this study, interfidelity is applicable to the host of current adaptation situations that result from Victorian texts’ continuing appeal and Hollywood’s increasingly transnational make-up.
Dale Maharidge
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520262478
- eISBN:
- 9780520948792
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520262478.003.0005
- Subject:
- Anthropology, American and Canadian Cultural Anthropology
The night the authors, Dale Maharidge and Michael S. Williamson, left Youngstown, they traveled through Kentucky in heavy rain. They later traveled by train across Kansas through a late season ...
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The night the authors, Dale Maharidge and Michael S. Williamson, left Youngstown, they traveled through Kentucky in heavy rain. They later traveled by train across Kansas through a late season snowstorm. Snow swirled inside the carrier. The authors describe here how they felt extremely cold and hungry. Michael announced it was time for the peanut butter, their last food. He went to his pack, his hands shaking violently from the cold. The jar fell and shattered. They stared at the peanut butter peppered with glass shards—they knew they could not eat it anymore. Michael was nearly weeping. It was not his fault. Men with backpacks were everywhere downtown. There were more people seeking work in Kentucky than in St. Louis. They slept that night in the hobo jungle on the bank of the South Platte River.Less
The night the authors, Dale Maharidge and Michael S. Williamson, left Youngstown, they traveled through Kentucky in heavy rain. They later traveled by train across Kansas through a late season snowstorm. Snow swirled inside the carrier. The authors describe here how they felt extremely cold and hungry. Michael announced it was time for the peanut butter, their last food. He went to his pack, his hands shaking violently from the cold. The jar fell and shattered. They stared at the peanut butter peppered with glass shards—they knew they could not eat it anymore. Michael was nearly weeping. It was not his fault. Men with backpacks were everywhere downtown. There were more people seeking work in Kentucky than in St. Louis. They slept that night in the hobo jungle on the bank of the South Platte River.
Amanda M. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781800348417
- eISBN:
- 9781800852457
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781800348417.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
Chapter 1 investigates the relationship between José Eustasio Rivera’s service on a mapping commission to chart the border between Colombia and Venezuela and the novel he wrote during the expedition. ...
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Chapter 1 investigates the relationship between José Eustasio Rivera’s service on a mapping commission to chart the border between Colombia and Venezuela and the novel he wrote during the expedition. La vorágine (1924) was not only an extension of Rivera’s political campaign to denounce the state’s approach to the cartography of its frontier zones as negligent, but it is also allowed the author to explore the possibilities of navigating the Colombian Amazon sensorially. In this chapter, the senses become a pedagogy to forestall the violence of official cartographic omissions, but despite this critical intervention in situatedness, the legacy of the novel has involved the perceived exaggeration of Rivera’s descriptions of rubber industry violence.Less
Chapter 1 investigates the relationship between José Eustasio Rivera’s service on a mapping commission to chart the border between Colombia and Venezuela and the novel he wrote during the expedition. La vorágine (1924) was not only an extension of Rivera’s political campaign to denounce the state’s approach to the cartography of its frontier zones as negligent, but it is also allowed the author to explore the possibilities of navigating the Colombian Amazon sensorially. In this chapter, the senses become a pedagogy to forestall the violence of official cartographic omissions, but despite this critical intervention in situatedness, the legacy of the novel has involved the perceived exaggeration of Rivera’s descriptions of rubber industry violence.
Amanda M. Smith
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- January 2022
- ISBN:
- 9781800348417
- eISBN:
- 9781800852457
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Liverpool University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3828/liverpool/9781800348417.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, American, 20th Century Literature
Rómulo Gallegos’s 1935 novel, Canaima, which takes place in the region known as Guayana where the Orinoco and Amazon river basins overlap, became the name for Venezuela’s largest national park in ...
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Rómulo Gallegos’s 1935 novel, Canaima, which takes place in the region known as Guayana where the Orinoco and Amazon river basins overlap, became the name for Venezuela’s largest national park in 1962. Chapter 2 explores how Gallegos manipulated the pan-Indigenous shamanic concept of “kanaima” to construct Venezuelan Guayana as a special place capable of resisting the economic and epistemological homogenization happening nationwide. The chapter describes Canaima as a response to both Venezuela’s incipient oil economy as well as the standardization of the country’s geographic curriculum. The unexpected result of the alternative geography that Gallegos constructs has been the state’s appropriation of “Canaima” as a metonym for Venezuelan autochthony in the national park and beyond. This chapter draws connections among literary geography, cultural appropriation, and Indigenous deterritorialization.Less
Rómulo Gallegos’s 1935 novel, Canaima, which takes place in the region known as Guayana where the Orinoco and Amazon river basins overlap, became the name for Venezuela’s largest national park in 1962. Chapter 2 explores how Gallegos manipulated the pan-Indigenous shamanic concept of “kanaima” to construct Venezuelan Guayana as a special place capable of resisting the economic and epistemological homogenization happening nationwide. The chapter describes Canaima as a response to both Venezuela’s incipient oil economy as well as the standardization of the country’s geographic curriculum. The unexpected result of the alternative geography that Gallegos constructs has been the state’s appropriation of “Canaima” as a metonym for Venezuelan autochthony in the national park and beyond. This chapter draws connections among literary geography, cultural appropriation, and Indigenous deterritorialization.
Agata Szczeszak-Brewer
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813035390
- eISBN:
- 9780813038933
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813035390.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism
The chapter studies the presence of pilgrimage in Conrad's texts. It states that Conrad's depiction of the long-forgotten world of sea voyages echoes the pilgrimages of his characters. Conrad's ...
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The chapter studies the presence of pilgrimage in Conrad's texts. It states that Conrad's depiction of the long-forgotten world of sea voyages echoes the pilgrimages of his characters. Conrad's personal pilgrimage influenced his fictional accounts of travel in his texts. Conrad's characters feel compelled to move on through seas, jungles, and cities, and this seems to be a consistent pattern in his writings.Less
The chapter studies the presence of pilgrimage in Conrad's texts. It states that Conrad's depiction of the long-forgotten world of sea voyages echoes the pilgrimages of his characters. Conrad's personal pilgrimage influenced his fictional accounts of travel in his texts. Conrad's characters feel compelled to move on through seas, jungles, and cities, and this seems to be a consistent pattern in his writings.
David Sergeant
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199684588
- eISBN:
- 9780191765889
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199684588.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century and Victorian Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
This book re-establishes Kipling as a major artist. Through extended close readings of individual works, and unprecedentedly detailed attention to changes in location and readership, it distinguishes ...
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This book re-establishes Kipling as a major artist. Through extended close readings of individual works, and unprecedentedly detailed attention to changes in location and readership, it distinguishes between two kinds of Kipling fiction. The first is coercive and concerned with the authoritarian control of meaning; the second relates less directly to its immediate historical surroundings and is more aesthetically complex. Misunderstandings have often resulted from confusing the two kinds of work. Distinguishing between them allows for a newly coherent account of Kipling's career, both explaining his artistic achievement and making clearer his identity as a political writer. Changes in Kipling's narrative practice are tracked as he moves from India to Britain and the US, and engages with a succession of new audiences and political contexts; detailed readings are provided of such key texts as Plain Tales from the Hills, The Jungle Books, and Kim. As well as revealing the precise nature of Kipling's artistry, this book shows how properties of narrative which have been generally underrated — such as embodiment and externality — can be used to make sophisticated fictions, and by linking these to Robert Louis Stevenson's discussion of the romance, suggests new ways in which such work might be approached.Less
This book re-establishes Kipling as a major artist. Through extended close readings of individual works, and unprecedentedly detailed attention to changes in location and readership, it distinguishes between two kinds of Kipling fiction. The first is coercive and concerned with the authoritarian control of meaning; the second relates less directly to its immediate historical surroundings and is more aesthetically complex. Misunderstandings have often resulted from confusing the two kinds of work. Distinguishing between them allows for a newly coherent account of Kipling's career, both explaining his artistic achievement and making clearer his identity as a political writer. Changes in Kipling's narrative practice are tracked as he moves from India to Britain and the US, and engages with a succession of new audiences and political contexts; detailed readings are provided of such key texts as Plain Tales from the Hills, The Jungle Books, and Kim. As well as revealing the precise nature of Kipling's artistry, this book shows how properties of narrative which have been generally underrated — such as embodiment and externality — can be used to make sophisticated fictions, and by linking these to Robert Louis Stevenson's discussion of the romance, suggests new ways in which such work might be approached.
Philip Fuma
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195115703
- eISBN:
- 9780199853144
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195115703.003.0013
- Subject:
- Music, Popular
Ira Gershwin effectively “quit as a songwriter in 1954.” On the one hand it seems strange that a lyricist, still in his fifties and at the height of his career, would withdraw from songwriting. By ...
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Ira Gershwin effectively “quit as a songwriter in 1954.” On the one hand it seems strange that a lyricist, still in his fifties and at the height of his career, would withdraw from songwriting. By that time, however, the winds were indeed changing, growing colder for lyricists like Ira Gershwin. The year 1954 saw the full emergence of a new style in popular music when a song called “Rock Around the Clock” topped the record sales charts, and then, a year later, was showcased in a film called Blackboard Jungle. The year also saw one of the last of the great, full-scale, original film musicals, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. After that, when Hollywood made a musical, it was usually either a remake of a successful Broadway show or a low-budget rock musical aimed at a teenage audience. With the demise of films that called for a full score of original songs, Ira Gershwin, lyricist, became what George had always called him—“Ira, the scholar.” Shortly after George's death, Ira had established the Gershwin Archive at the Library of Congress, where he deposited George's unpublished music. In 1953 he started “to get all the scrap books about George in some sort of order.”Less
Ira Gershwin effectively “quit as a songwriter in 1954.” On the one hand it seems strange that a lyricist, still in his fifties and at the height of his career, would withdraw from songwriting. By that time, however, the winds were indeed changing, growing colder for lyricists like Ira Gershwin. The year 1954 saw the full emergence of a new style in popular music when a song called “Rock Around the Clock” topped the record sales charts, and then, a year later, was showcased in a film called Blackboard Jungle. The year also saw one of the last of the great, full-scale, original film musicals, Seven Brides for Seven Brothers. After that, when Hollywood made a musical, it was usually either a remake of a successful Broadway show or a low-budget rock musical aimed at a teenage audience. With the demise of films that called for a full score of original songs, Ira Gershwin, lyricist, became what George had always called him—“Ira, the scholar.” Shortly after George's death, Ira had established the Gershwin Archive at the Library of Congress, where he deposited George's unpublished music. In 1953 he started “to get all the scrap books about George in some sort of order.”
Severine Thomas, Carolin Ehlke, Josef Koch, and Wolfgang Schröer
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- March 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190630485
- eISBN:
- 9780190630508
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190630485.003.0016
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter presents the situation of care leavers in Germany within a so-called transition jungle and illustrates the difficulties of transitioning of young adults from residential care to ...
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This chapter presents the situation of care leavers in Germany within a so-called transition jungle and illustrates the difficulties of transitioning of young adults from residential care to independent living, focusing especially on education and access to vocational training and employment. Leaving care can be understood as a status passage in young people’s lives, during which the public welfare system produces accelerated transitions into adult life. This acceleration restricts the space and time available for individual transitions and processes of development, especially in the transition to work. The chapter will also outline two models of good practice and describe how care leavers can be supported within their transition to vocational training and work.Less
This chapter presents the situation of care leavers in Germany within a so-called transition jungle and illustrates the difficulties of transitioning of young adults from residential care to independent living, focusing especially on education and access to vocational training and employment. Leaving care can be understood as a status passage in young people’s lives, during which the public welfare system produces accelerated transitions into adult life. This acceleration restricts the space and time available for individual transitions and processes of development, especially in the transition to work. The chapter will also outline two models of good practice and describe how care leavers can be supported within their transition to vocational training and work.
Todd McGowan
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038143
- eISBN:
- 9780252095405
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038143.003.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter analyzes the films of Spike Lee. Lee's films employ types of excess such as unconventional shots, extreme characters, and improbable scenes to intervene in critical issues that trouble ...
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This chapter analyzes the films of Spike Lee. Lee's films employ types of excess such as unconventional shots, extreme characters, and improbable scenes to intervene in critical issues that trouble the contemporary world—the question of the subject's singularity, the role that fantasy plays in structuring our reality, the political impact of passion, the power of paranoia in shaping social relations, the damage that the insistence on community inflicts, the problem of transcendence, and the struggles of the spectator. Above all, Lee is known for being a political filmmaker and the concept of excess holds the key to understanding the politics of his films. Excess has enabled Lee to create a varied corpus of films that treat a broad spectrum of fundamental social and political problems. These films include She's Gotta Have It (1986), Do the Right Thing (1989), Jungle Fever (1991), and Malcolm X (1992).Less
This chapter analyzes the films of Spike Lee. Lee's films employ types of excess such as unconventional shots, extreme characters, and improbable scenes to intervene in critical issues that trouble the contemporary world—the question of the subject's singularity, the role that fantasy plays in structuring our reality, the political impact of passion, the power of paranoia in shaping social relations, the damage that the insistence on community inflicts, the problem of transcendence, and the struggles of the spectator. Above all, Lee is known for being a political filmmaker and the concept of excess holds the key to understanding the politics of his films. Excess has enabled Lee to create a varied corpus of films that treat a broad spectrum of fundamental social and political problems. These films include She's Gotta Have It (1986), Do the Right Thing (1989), Jungle Fever (1991), and Malcolm X (1992).
Barry Keith Grant
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748623440
- eISBN:
- 9780748651115
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748623440.003.0002
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter explores the emergence of the jazz cartoon of the 1930s and 1940s. Although jazz has had a significant presence in the movies from the arrival of sound onwards (during ‘the jazz age’ ...
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This chapter explores the emergence of the jazz cartoon of the 1930s and 1940s. Although jazz has had a significant presence in the movies from the arrival of sound onwards (during ‘the jazz age’ itself in the late 1920s) its ideological connotations have been a source of struggle and considerable tensions, especially around race. Hollywood's casting of ‘sweet’ – that is mainstream – jazz as primarily a white musical form in feature films such as The King of Jazz (1930) is problematically paralleled by the use of ‘hot’ jazz in animated cartoons such as Jungle Jive (1944), in which racist stereotypes of black men as sexually predatory ‘zip coons’ preying on white women prevail. Rather than dismissing such films as ephemeral because of their status as programme fillers, this chapter argues that they were often the site of an aggressively asserted insistence on black primitivism in which jazz is the primary signifier.Less
This chapter explores the emergence of the jazz cartoon of the 1930s and 1940s. Although jazz has had a significant presence in the movies from the arrival of sound onwards (during ‘the jazz age’ itself in the late 1920s) its ideological connotations have been a source of struggle and considerable tensions, especially around race. Hollywood's casting of ‘sweet’ – that is mainstream – jazz as primarily a white musical form in feature films such as The King of Jazz (1930) is problematically paralleled by the use of ‘hot’ jazz in animated cartoons such as Jungle Jive (1944), in which racist stereotypes of black men as sexually predatory ‘zip coons’ preying on white women prevail. Rather than dismissing such films as ephemeral because of their status as programme fillers, this chapter argues that they were often the site of an aggressively asserted insistence on black primitivism in which jazz is the primary signifier.
