Ellen Seiter
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198711421
- eISBN:
- 9780191694905
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198711421.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
The author of this book, as a qualitative audience researcher, observes that a typical situation in a nursery school might usually exhibit how popular television shows plays a major part in ...
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The author of this book, as a qualitative audience researcher, observes that a typical situation in a nursery school might usually exhibit how popular television shows plays a major part in conflicts, various aspects of interpersonal communications, and in the exchange of assorted symbols of cultural capital. While qualitative research cannot directly approve or reject a teacher’s common notion that television promotes violent behaviour among children, qualitative research may be able to provide an explanation that would consider several different contextual factors in such situations of violence while also identifying television’s other uses as a topic and form of communications in varied social settings. While ethnographic audience research reveals that media has now become an essential part of everyday life, we can say that interpersonal relationships and media consumption may be interrelated.Less
The author of this book, as a qualitative audience researcher, observes that a typical situation in a nursery school might usually exhibit how popular television shows plays a major part in conflicts, various aspects of interpersonal communications, and in the exchange of assorted symbols of cultural capital. While qualitative research cannot directly approve or reject a teacher’s common notion that television promotes violent behaviour among children, qualitative research may be able to provide an explanation that would consider several different contextual factors in such situations of violence while also identifying television’s other uses as a topic and form of communications in varied social settings. While ethnographic audience research reveals that media has now become an essential part of everyday life, we can say that interpersonal relationships and media consumption may be interrelated.
Patricia M. Greenfield, Elisheva F. Gross, Kaveri Subrahmanyam, Lalita K. Suzuki, and Brendesha Tynes
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195312805
- eISBN:
- 9780199847730
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195312805.003.0013
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
Youth is a major predictor of use of new information and communication technologies (ICTs). This chapter attempts to give a detailed examination of the functions for which teenagers use the Internet. ...
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Youth is a major predictor of use of new information and communication technologies (ICTs). This chapter attempts to give a detailed examination of the functions for which teenagers use the Internet. It notes that interpersonal communication and downloading music dominate teens' time online. Almost all of teens' online communication is with other teens that they know from school and other local contexts, although online gaming and participation in chat rooms puts them in contact with strangers. By analysing the multiple conversational threads intertwined in an online chat room, the chapter provides a description of how teenagers use online conversation to cope with the perennial concerns of adolescent life, such as gender and racial identity, sexual development, and romantic partners.Less
Youth is a major predictor of use of new information and communication technologies (ICTs). This chapter attempts to give a detailed examination of the functions for which teenagers use the Internet. It notes that interpersonal communication and downloading music dominate teens' time online. Almost all of teens' online communication is with other teens that they know from school and other local contexts, although online gaming and participation in chat rooms puts them in contact with strangers. By analysing the multiple conversational threads intertwined in an online chat room, the chapter provides a description of how teenagers use online conversation to cope with the perennial concerns of adolescent life, such as gender and racial identity, sexual development, and romantic partners.
NAOMI S. BARON
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195313055
- eISBN:
- 9780199871094
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195313055.003.0003
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter discusses how language technology is used to control the volume of interpersonal communication. It examines a range of language technologies that have increasingly empowered individuals ...
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This chapter discusses how language technology is used to control the volume of interpersonal communication. It examines a range of language technologies that have increasingly empowered individuals to call the shots on social interaction. The more conceptual discussion is illustrated with data from a study undertaken in fall 2004 and spring 2005 of multitasking behavior by college students while using instant messaging. The study reveals how deft the current generation of multitaskers is at meshing online conversations with other activities. In electronically-mediated communication, users turn up the “volume” when they incessantly check their email. Along with the volume-control metaphor, another useful concept is affordances, the physical properties of objects that enable us to use them in particular ways. This chapter also looks at discourse control in traditional face-to-face and written-communication settings, and then at the affordances new language technologies add for adjusting the conversational “volume”. The cognitive and social aspects of multitasking, specifically with respect to instant messaging and mobile phones, are also discussed.Less
This chapter discusses how language technology is used to control the volume of interpersonal communication. It examines a range of language technologies that have increasingly empowered individuals to call the shots on social interaction. The more conceptual discussion is illustrated with data from a study undertaken in fall 2004 and spring 2005 of multitasking behavior by college students while using instant messaging. The study reveals how deft the current generation of multitaskers is at meshing online conversations with other activities. In electronically-mediated communication, users turn up the “volume” when they incessantly check their email. Along with the volume-control metaphor, another useful concept is affordances, the physical properties of objects that enable us to use them in particular ways. This chapter also looks at discourse control in traditional face-to-face and written-communication settings, and then at the affordances new language technologies add for adjusting the conversational “volume”. The cognitive and social aspects of multitasking, specifically with respect to instant messaging and mobile phones, are also discussed.
Sandra L. Bloom and Brian Farragher
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199796366
- eISBN:
- 9780199332632
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199796366.003.0008
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
This chapter first presents a vision of open communication and then explores the meaning of Commitment to Open Communication. A primary focus of the Commitment to Open Communication is on learning ...
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This chapter first presents a vision of open communication and then explores the meaning of Commitment to Open Communication. A primary focus of the Commitment to Open Communication is on learning how to respond appropriately and avoid collective disturbance by understanding the nature of collective and unconscious processes, improving interpersonal communication, reducing the barriers that are created due to long-standing discriminatory practices, and enhancing organizational transparency.Less
This chapter first presents a vision of open communication and then explores the meaning of Commitment to Open Communication. A primary focus of the Commitment to Open Communication is on learning how to respond appropriately and avoid collective disturbance by understanding the nature of collective and unconscious processes, improving interpersonal communication, reducing the barriers that are created due to long-standing discriminatory practices, and enhancing organizational transparency.
Gerald Echterhoff and René Kopietz
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198737865
- eISBN:
- 9780191820366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198737865.003.0007
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter explores incidental, indirect ways in which memory is shaped by interpersonal interaction and communication, that is, without collaboration of several individuals on an explicit memory ...
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This chapter explores incidental, indirect ways in which memory is shaped by interpersonal interaction and communication, that is, without collaboration of several individuals on an explicit memory task. The first section discusses research showing that encoding stimuli together with another person improves memory for the experience. Some studies examine memory effects from task sharing and joint action, while others explore effects of the mere joint experience of stimuli. The second section turns to effects of social sharing in communication on memory, specifically, the effects of conversational retellings and the audience-tuning effect on memory. Regarding explanations for the audience-tuning effect, the chapter focuses on shared reality theory and review evidence for the motives and goals underlying shared-reality creation.Less
This chapter explores incidental, indirect ways in which memory is shaped by interpersonal interaction and communication, that is, without collaboration of several individuals on an explicit memory task. The first section discusses research showing that encoding stimuli together with another person improves memory for the experience. Some studies examine memory effects from task sharing and joint action, while others explore effects of the mere joint experience of stimuli. The second section turns to effects of social sharing in communication on memory, specifically, the effects of conversational retellings and the audience-tuning effect on memory. Regarding explanations for the audience-tuning effect, the chapter focuses on shared reality theory and review evidence for the motives and goals underlying shared-reality creation.
Emile G. McAnany
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252036774
- eISBN:
- 9780252093876
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252036774.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Movements and Social Change
This book examines the history of the role of communication as a tool for bringing development and social change. Drawing on the author's own experience accumulated over the past almost fifty years ...
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This book examines the history of the role of communication as a tool for bringing development and social change. Drawing on the author's own experience accumulated over the past almost fifty years of professional interest in communication for development (c4d), the book investigates how both theory and practice evolved along with the technologies. In particular, it considers what is done for and to people by large outside institutions that provide funding and what people find to do for themselves. It also evaluates where we are today in the long-term struggle to bring development and social change through information and communication technologies (ICTs) as well as interpersonal communication. Furthermore, it discusses four paradigms that have arisen in the social change and development arena over the past two decades: modernization-diffusion paradigm, critical or dependency paradigm, participation paradigm, and social entrepreneurship. The book concludes by tackling the question about how the c4d field might improve.Less
This book examines the history of the role of communication as a tool for bringing development and social change. Drawing on the author's own experience accumulated over the past almost fifty years of professional interest in communication for development (c4d), the book investigates how both theory and practice evolved along with the technologies. In particular, it considers what is done for and to people by large outside institutions that provide funding and what people find to do for themselves. It also evaluates where we are today in the long-term struggle to bring development and social change through information and communication technologies (ICTs) as well as interpersonal communication. Furthermore, it discusses four paradigms that have arisen in the social change and development arena over the past two decades: modernization-diffusion paradigm, critical or dependency paradigm, participation paradigm, and social entrepreneurship. The book concludes by tackling the question about how the c4d field might improve.
Hajo G. Boomgaarden
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198757412
- eISBN:
- 9780191817120
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198757412.003.0011
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The chapter explains public opinion about the state of European democracy by focusing on the role of communication. It is argued that political talk, described as a core component of democratic life, ...
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The chapter explains public opinion about the state of European democracy by focusing on the role of communication. It is argued that political talk, described as a core component of democratic life, is likely to be consequential for public assessments of EU democracy, but that the direction of relationship depends on context characteristics. Following prior literature the chapter focuses on the democratic quality of national political institutions. The findings indeed show that, in particular, in countries in which national institutions perform rather poorly, talking about the EP election is related to better assessments of EU democracy. The reverse pattern, however, is less evident. Overall people to some degree do rely on their national political institutions as a benchmark against which to talk about EU democracy.Less
The chapter explains public opinion about the state of European democracy by focusing on the role of communication. It is argued that political talk, described as a core component of democratic life, is likely to be consequential for public assessments of EU democracy, but that the direction of relationship depends on context characteristics. Following prior literature the chapter focuses on the democratic quality of national political institutions. The findings indeed show that, in particular, in countries in which national institutions perform rather poorly, talking about the EP election is related to better assessments of EU democracy. The reverse pattern, however, is less evident. Overall people to some degree do rely on their national political institutions as a benchmark against which to talk about EU democracy.
Hugo Mercier and Dan Sperber
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199230167
- eISBN:
- 9780191696442
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199230167.003.0007
- Subject:
- Psychology, Cognitive Psychology
This chapter proposes a principled distinction between two types of inferences: ‘intuitive’ and ‘reflective’ (or reasoning proper). It grounds this distinction in a modular view of the human mind ...
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This chapter proposes a principled distinction between two types of inferences: ‘intuitive’ and ‘reflective’ (or reasoning proper). It grounds this distinction in a modular view of the human mind where metarepresentational modules play an important role in explaining the peculiarities of human psychological evolution. The chapter defends the hypothesis that the main function of reflective inference is to produce and evaluate arguments occurring in interpersonal communication rather than to help individual ratiocination. This function, it claims, helps explain important aspects of reasoning. The discussion reviews some of the existing evidence and argues that it gives support to this approach.Less
This chapter proposes a principled distinction between two types of inferences: ‘intuitive’ and ‘reflective’ (or reasoning proper). It grounds this distinction in a modular view of the human mind where metarepresentational modules play an important role in explaining the peculiarities of human psychological evolution. The chapter defends the hypothesis that the main function of reflective inference is to produce and evaluate arguments occurring in interpersonal communication rather than to help individual ratiocination. This function, it claims, helps explain important aspects of reasoning. The discussion reviews some of the existing evidence and argues that it gives support to this approach.
Jill Duncan, Ellen A. Rhoades, and Elizabeth M. Fitzpatrick
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780195381405
- eISBN:
- 9780190204020
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195381405.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Developmental Psychology
This chapter explains complex spoken communication development and intervention strategies that facilitate language growth in adolescents with hearing loss. The first section of this chapter ...
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This chapter explains complex spoken communication development and intervention strategies that facilitate language growth in adolescents with hearing loss. The first section of this chapter summarizes spoken language development of adolescents. The second section focuses on factors influencing complex language development for adolescents with hearing loss. The chapter closes with a review of functionally relevant communication skills for adolescents with hearing loss such as mentalizing, figurative language, exposition and argumentation.Less
This chapter explains complex spoken communication development and intervention strategies that facilitate language growth in adolescents with hearing loss. The first section of this chapter summarizes spoken language development of adolescents. The second section focuses on factors influencing complex language development for adolescents with hearing loss. The chapter closes with a review of functionally relevant communication skills for adolescents with hearing loss such as mentalizing, figurative language, exposition and argumentation.
Richard E. Ocejo
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691165493
- eISBN:
- 9781400884865
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691165493.003.0010
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This concluding chapter reviews the alternative paths for how workers are dealing with conditions of the precarious new economy. They are entering common occupations in everyday workplaces that ...
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This concluding chapter reviews the alternative paths for how workers are dealing with conditions of the precarious new economy. They are entering common occupations in everyday workplaces that people do not normally think of as knowledge-based or culturally relevant, and transforming them into high-end, quality jobs that fuse mental and manual labor and that people with other work opportunities see as viable career options. These workers experience manual labor as meaningful and even fun through the enactment of a set of cultural repertoires that allow for physical, bodily labor, challenging mental problem-solving, cultural understanding, and interpersonal communication. The jobs also require the confident performance of each of these work practices in concert, not independently of the others.Less
This concluding chapter reviews the alternative paths for how workers are dealing with conditions of the precarious new economy. They are entering common occupations in everyday workplaces that people do not normally think of as knowledge-based or culturally relevant, and transforming them into high-end, quality jobs that fuse mental and manual labor and that people with other work opportunities see as viable career options. These workers experience manual labor as meaningful and even fun through the enactment of a set of cultural repertoires that allow for physical, bodily labor, challenging mental problem-solving, cultural understanding, and interpersonal communication. The jobs also require the confident performance of each of these work practices in concert, not independently of the others.
Richard H. R. Harper
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190260743
- eISBN:
- 9780190277772
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190260743.003.0022
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
This chapter reflects on various ways that the act of communication between persons has been treated in the social sciences and humanities. There is a distinction between a concern for acts as ...
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This chapter reflects on various ways that the act of communication between persons has been treated in the social sciences and humanities. There is a distinction between a concern for acts as intelligible to those who engage in them and those perspectives that seek to offer views that somehow contrast the frameworks and reflexive practices constitutive of this intelligibility. Whatever the value of these contrastive views, a concern for the frameworks of intelligibility and their reflexive organization is the proper basis for identifying why and with what ends people communicate. The chapter illustrates this argument with explorations and a discussion of why people “Skype.”Less
This chapter reflects on various ways that the act of communication between persons has been treated in the social sciences and humanities. There is a distinction between a concern for acts as intelligible to those who engage in them and those perspectives that seek to offer views that somehow contrast the frameworks and reflexive practices constitutive of this intelligibility. Whatever the value of these contrastive views, a concern for the frameworks of intelligibility and their reflexive organization is the proper basis for identifying why and with what ends people communicate. The chapter illustrates this argument with explorations and a discussion of why people “Skype.”
