Anna Wierzbicka
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195174748
- eISBN:
- 9780199788514
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195174748.003.0009
- Subject:
- Linguistics, English Language
This chapter discusses the significance of the “cultural baggage” of English in a world in which English is increasingly functioning as a global lingua franca. It discusses the use of English by ...
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This chapter discusses the significance of the “cultural baggage” of English in a world in which English is increasingly functioning as a global lingua franca. It discusses the use of English by international organizations and bodies such as ASEAN, and its use in international law and international aviation. It explores the links between Anglo/English cultural scripts, conversational routines, and culture-specific values, and it shows the dangers inherent in regarding English as a “culture-neutral” medium of international communication. It also discusses the implications of the historically shaped cultural content of English for the practical — and immensely important — issues of intercultural communication and cross-cultural education.Less
This chapter discusses the significance of the “cultural baggage” of English in a world in which English is increasingly functioning as a global lingua franca. It discusses the use of English by international organizations and bodies such as ASEAN, and its use in international law and international aviation. It explores the links between Anglo/English cultural scripts, conversational routines, and culture-specific values, and it shows the dangers inherent in regarding English as a “culture-neutral” medium of international communication. It also discusses the implications of the historically shaped cultural content of English for the practical — and immensely important — issues of intercultural communication and cross-cultural education.
Des Freedman, Jonathan Obar, Cheryl Martens, and Robert W. McChesney (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780823271641
- eISBN:
- 9780823271696
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823271641.001.0001
- Subject:
- Information Science, Communications
This collection brings together strategies for advancing media reform objectives, prepared by 33 scholars and activists working in and/or studying in more than 25 countries, including: Canada, Mexico ...
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This collection brings together strategies for advancing media reform objectives, prepared by 33 scholars and activists working in and/or studying in more than 25 countries, including: Canada, Mexico and the United States; Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Uruguay, and Venezuela; Iceland; Germany, Switzerland and the UK; Burma/Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand and the Philippines; Egypt, Ghana, Israel and Qatar. Contributors first presented their ideas in the summer of 2013 at a preconference of the International Communication Association, hosted by Goldsmiths, University of London in the UK. The goal then, as it is now, was to bring together successful and promising strategies for media reform to be shared across international lines and media reform contexts. The editors and authors hope this volume will serve as a useful resource for scholars and activists alike, looking to better understand the concept of media reform, and how it is being advanced around the world. The book is organized into four sections: contexts, digital activism, media reform movements, and media reform in action. It opens with a consideration of some theoretical approaches to media reform while the digital activism section includes chapters that present a range of strategies that media reformers might want to consider. The section on media reform movements includes examples from across the globe and highlights a variety of online and offline strategies to achieve change. The final section consists of short chapters submitted by activist organizations that include a description of their mission and examples of successful strategies employed in the pursuit of media reform goals.Less
This collection brings together strategies for advancing media reform objectives, prepared by 33 scholars and activists working in and/or studying in more than 25 countries, including: Canada, Mexico and the United States; Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Uruguay, and Venezuela; Iceland; Germany, Switzerland and the UK; Burma/Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand and the Philippines; Egypt, Ghana, Israel and Qatar. Contributors first presented their ideas in the summer of 2013 at a preconference of the International Communication Association, hosted by Goldsmiths, University of London in the UK. The goal then, as it is now, was to bring together successful and promising strategies for media reform to be shared across international lines and media reform contexts. The editors and authors hope this volume will serve as a useful resource for scholars and activists alike, looking to better understand the concept of media reform, and how it is being advanced around the world. The book is organized into four sections: contexts, digital activism, media reform movements, and media reform in action. It opens with a consideration of some theoretical approaches to media reform while the digital activism section includes chapters that present a range of strategies that media reformers might want to consider. The section on media reform movements includes examples from across the globe and highlights a variety of online and offline strategies to achieve change. The final section consists of short chapters submitted by activist organizations that include a description of their mission and examples of successful strategies employed in the pursuit of media reform goals.
Shawn M. Powers and Michael Jablonski
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252039126
- eISBN:
- 9780252097102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252039126.003.0002
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Technology and Society
This chapter traces the history of U.S. information policy, focusing on four illustrative case studies that reveal a consistent pattern of utilizing a narrative of the freedom of information to ...
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This chapter traces the history of U.S. information policy, focusing on four illustrative case studies that reveal a consistent pattern of utilizing a narrative of the freedom of information to bypass state boundaries and sovereignty. After discussing the connection between information and commerce, the chapter considers each case in more detail. The first case examines the U.S. challenge to British communications hegemony in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; the second explores the view that U.S.-backed ventures to build up underdeveloped countries constituted a policy of creating new markets for U.S. products; the third focuses on the use of international structures such as the International Telecommunications Union and UNESCO by developing countries to assert grievances arising from a misbalance of power in world communication structures; and the fourth case deals with the formation of ICANN as a U.S. policy. This chapter links the debates over international communication to geopolitics, highlighting the various ways international institutions and partnerships are leveraged, selectively, to support American foreign policy goals.Less
This chapter traces the history of U.S. information policy, focusing on four illustrative case studies that reveal a consistent pattern of utilizing a narrative of the freedom of information to bypass state boundaries and sovereignty. After discussing the connection between information and commerce, the chapter considers each case in more detail. The first case examines the U.S. challenge to British communications hegemony in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries; the second explores the view that U.S.-backed ventures to build up underdeveloped countries constituted a policy of creating new markets for U.S. products; the third focuses on the use of international structures such as the International Telecommunications Union and UNESCO by developing countries to assert grievances arising from a misbalance of power in world communication structures; and the fourth case deals with the formation of ICANN as a U.S. policy. This chapter links the debates over international communication to geopolitics, highlighting the various ways international institutions and partnerships are leveraged, selectively, to support American foreign policy goals.
Allan B. I. Bernardo
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9789622099470
- eISBN:
- 9789882207264
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789622099470.003.0003
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
This chapter examines the role of English in Philippine education. It focuses on the arguments for maintaining English as the medium of instruction. From the earliest implementation of English as the ...
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This chapter examines the role of English in Philippine education. It focuses on the arguments for maintaining English as the medium of instruction. From the earliest implementation of English as the medium of instruction policy during the American colonial period, it was already argued that English would be the better medium to give Filipinos access to the knowledge of other civilizations. The most overt and persistent arguments for maintaining English as the medium of instruction involve the supposed advantage of English as a medium for intellectual pursuits, for international communication, and for economic advancement, especially in the current globalizing world environment.Less
This chapter examines the role of English in Philippine education. It focuses on the arguments for maintaining English as the medium of instruction. From the earliest implementation of English as the medium of instruction policy during the American colonial period, it was already argued that English would be the better medium to give Filipinos access to the knowledge of other civilizations. The most overt and persistent arguments for maintaining English as the medium of instruction involve the supposed advantage of English as a medium for intellectual pursuits, for international communication, and for economic advancement, especially in the current globalizing world environment.
Des Freedman and Jonathan A. Obar
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780823271641
- eISBN:
- 9780823271696
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823271641.003.0001
- Subject:
- Information Science, Communications
Media reform is a great and formidable challenge. Across international contexts, reformers are inspired by what the late C. Edwin Baker referred to as the democratic distribution principle for ...
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Media reform is a great and formidable challenge. Across international contexts, reformers are inspired by what the late C. Edwin Baker referred to as the democratic distribution principle for communicative power: “a claim that democracy implies as wide as practical a dispersal of power within public discourse” (Baker, 2007, p. 7). The challenge is made manifest in battles over the future of investigative journalism, media ownership, spectrum management, speech rights, broadband access, network neutrality, the surveillance apparatus, digital literacy and many others waged in pursuit of the normative ideals at the heart of Baker’s vision. At the same time, those committed to media reform confront formidable challenges: entrenched commercial interests and media conglomerates; sometimes powerful, sometimes disorganized and sometimes neoliberal governments; a general public often disenfranchised, digitally illiterate and not focused on issues of media reform; and always, the uphill battle of organization, mobilization and influence that is the work of any activist. In light of these significant challenges, the central question addressed by this volume is: What strategies might be utilized to overcome these obstacles in the pursuit of media reform?Less
Media reform is a great and formidable challenge. Across international contexts, reformers are inspired by what the late C. Edwin Baker referred to as the democratic distribution principle for communicative power: “a claim that democracy implies as wide as practical a dispersal of power within public discourse” (Baker, 2007, p. 7). The challenge is made manifest in battles over the future of investigative journalism, media ownership, spectrum management, speech rights, broadband access, network neutrality, the surveillance apparatus, digital literacy and many others waged in pursuit of the normative ideals at the heart of Baker’s vision. At the same time, those committed to media reform confront formidable challenges: entrenched commercial interests and media conglomerates; sometimes powerful, sometimes disorganized and sometimes neoliberal governments; a general public often disenfranchised, digitally illiterate and not focused on issues of media reform; and always, the uphill battle of organization, mobilization and influence that is the work of any activist. In light of these significant challenges, the central question addressed by this volume is: What strategies might be utilized to overcome these obstacles in the pursuit of media reform?
Alan Schroeder
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231170574
- eISBN:
- 9780231541503
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231170574.003.0012
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics
How American presidential debates have been exported to countries around the world, and the role of debates in a modern democracy.
How American presidential debates have been exported to countries around the world, and the role of debates in a modern democracy.
