John Bishop
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199205547
- eISBN:
- 9780191709432
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199205547.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter deals with two versions of the objection that Jamesian fideism is too liberal. In response to the first — that it is arbitrary to permit supra-evidential yet reject irrational, ...
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This chapter deals with two versions of the objection that Jamesian fideism is too liberal. In response to the first — that it is arbitrary to permit supra-evidential yet reject irrational, counter-evidential, faith-ventures — it is argued that a defensible fideism must insist that faith-ventures be made with epistemic entitlement (i.e., through the right exercise of epistemic rationality). ‘Ethical suspension of the epistemic’, while not absolutely excluded, does not apply to religious faith-ventures. To meet the second objection — that fideism may endorse obviously morally objectionable faith-ventures — a further integrationist condition is added: both the content and the motivational character of a permissible faith-venture should cohere with correct morality. The chapter concludes by following Kierkegaard's example with a reflection on Abraham and Isaac, to illustrate how theistic faith-ventures should develop in tandem with evolving moral commitments.Less
This chapter deals with two versions of the objection that Jamesian fideism is too liberal. In response to the first — that it is arbitrary to permit supra-evidential yet reject irrational, counter-evidential, faith-ventures — it is argued that a defensible fideism must insist that faith-ventures be made with epistemic entitlement (i.e., through the right exercise of epistemic rationality). ‘Ethical suspension of the epistemic’, while not absolutely excluded, does not apply to religious faith-ventures. To meet the second objection — that fideism may endorse obviously morally objectionable faith-ventures — a further integrationist condition is added: both the content and the motivational character of a permissible faith-venture should cohere with correct morality. The chapter concludes by following Kierkegaard's example with a reflection on Abraham and Isaac, to illustrate how theistic faith-ventures should develop in tandem with evolving moral commitments.
Jacqueline A. McLeod
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252036576
- eISBN:
- 9780252093616
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252036576.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This long overdue biography elevates Jane Matilda Bolin to her rightful place in American history as an activist, integrationist, jurist, and outspoken public figure in the political and professional ...
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This long overdue biography elevates Jane Matilda Bolin to her rightful place in American history as an activist, integrationist, jurist, and outspoken public figure in the political and professional milieu of New York City before the onset of the modern Civil Rights movement. When Bolin was appointed to New York City's domestic relations court in 1939 for the first of four 10-year terms, she became the nation's first African American woman judge. Drawing on archival materials as well as a meeting with Bolin in 2002, the author reveals how Bolin parlayed her judicial position to impact significant reforms of the legal and social service system in New York. Beginning with Bolin's childhood and educational experiences at Wellesley and Yale, the book chronicles Bolin's relatively quick rise through the ranks of a profession that routinely excluded both women and African Americans. The book links Bolin's activist leanings and integrationist zeal to her involvement in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and details her work as a critic and reformer of domestic relations courts and juvenile placement facilities.Less
This long overdue biography elevates Jane Matilda Bolin to her rightful place in American history as an activist, integrationist, jurist, and outspoken public figure in the political and professional milieu of New York City before the onset of the modern Civil Rights movement. When Bolin was appointed to New York City's domestic relations court in 1939 for the first of four 10-year terms, she became the nation's first African American woman judge. Drawing on archival materials as well as a meeting with Bolin in 2002, the author reveals how Bolin parlayed her judicial position to impact significant reforms of the legal and social service system in New York. Beginning with Bolin's childhood and educational experiences at Wellesley and Yale, the book chronicles Bolin's relatively quick rise through the ranks of a profession that routinely excluded both women and African Americans. The book links Bolin's activist leanings and integrationist zeal to her involvement in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) and details her work as a critic and reformer of domestic relations courts and juvenile placement facilities.
Phil Syrpis
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199277209
- eISBN:
- 9780191707445
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199277209.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law, Employment Law
This chapter introduces the theoretical framework used to examine the rationales for EU intervention in the labour law arena. The aims and objectives of intervention in labour law, and of the ...
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This chapter introduces the theoretical framework used to examine the rationales for EU intervention in the labour law arena. The aims and objectives of intervention in labour law, and of the European Union itself, are contested. The integrationist, economic, and social rationales for intervention are defined and distinguished, and their interconnections described. The nature of the evolving competence of the EU in the social sphere is outlined, with particular attention devoted to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality. Intervention by the Court and the political institutions (via harmonization, mutual recognition and new modes of governance) are considered, and the structure of the remainder of the text is provided.Less
This chapter introduces the theoretical framework used to examine the rationales for EU intervention in the labour law arena. The aims and objectives of intervention in labour law, and of the European Union itself, are contested. The integrationist, economic, and social rationales for intervention are defined and distinguished, and their interconnections described. The nature of the evolving competence of the EU in the social sphere is outlined, with particular attention devoted to the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality. Intervention by the Court and the political institutions (via harmonization, mutual recognition and new modes of governance) are considered, and the structure of the remainder of the text is provided.
Phil Syrpis
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199277209
- eISBN:
- 9780191707445
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199277209.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law, Employment Law
This chapter categorises the various objectives which EU intervention in domestic labour law may be thought to serve into three broad rationales, and draws out the implications which a commitment to ...
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This chapter categorises the various objectives which EU intervention in domestic labour law may be thought to serve into three broad rationales, and draws out the implications which a commitment to each of the integrationist, economic, and social rationale may, or must, entail. Much of the focus is on the integrationist rationale, and to a critique of the various actors' understanding of the elimination of barriers to free movement and distortions of competition. It is suggested that mere differences between national laws need not be seen as problematic from the perspective of market integration — contrary to the dominant strand of the Court of Justice's case law. The impact of EMU is considered as well as the relationships between the economic and social objectives which may underlie EU intervention, in the light of the evolution of the Lisbon Strategy.Less
This chapter categorises the various objectives which EU intervention in domestic labour law may be thought to serve into three broad rationales, and draws out the implications which a commitment to each of the integrationist, economic, and social rationale may, or must, entail. Much of the focus is on the integrationist rationale, and to a critique of the various actors' understanding of the elimination of barriers to free movement and distortions of competition. It is suggested that mere differences between national laws need not be seen as problematic from the perspective of market integration — contrary to the dominant strand of the Court of Justice's case law. The impact of EMU is considered as well as the relationships between the economic and social objectives which may underlie EU intervention, in the light of the evolution of the Lisbon Strategy.
Robert J. Chaskin and Mark L. Joseph
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780226164397
- eISBN:
- 9780226303901
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226303901.003.0009
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
In this final chapter, we draw some broad conclusions about mixed-income public housing reform in Chicago, explore what they suggest regarding the promise and perils of this approach as a response to ...
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In this final chapter, we draw some broad conclusions about mixed-income public housing reform in Chicago, explore what they suggest regarding the promise and perils of this approach as a response to concentrated urban poverty, and outline some of the implications of these findings for both policy and practice. While we have documented the physical transformation, emergent economic revitalization, and improved safety and stability in the targeted areas, we conclude that the Plan for Transformation has thus far fallen considerably short of its social goals of breaking down the barriers that have isolated public housing residents in disadvantage and integrating them into the physical, social, and economic fabric of the city. We briefly review the evidence regarding the effect of poverty deconcentration policies, through both dispersal and development, on their integrationist goals and anticipated outcomes for the poor and discuss some of the reasons for these outcomes in the context of mixed-income public housing reform. We then outline some of the implications and potential responses that might inform future phases of current efforts as well as future policy and implementation orientations toward housing policy and addressing urban poverty more broadly.Less
In this final chapter, we draw some broad conclusions about mixed-income public housing reform in Chicago, explore what they suggest regarding the promise and perils of this approach as a response to concentrated urban poverty, and outline some of the implications of these findings for both policy and practice. While we have documented the physical transformation, emergent economic revitalization, and improved safety and stability in the targeted areas, we conclude that the Plan for Transformation has thus far fallen considerably short of its social goals of breaking down the barriers that have isolated public housing residents in disadvantage and integrating them into the physical, social, and economic fabric of the city. We briefly review the evidence regarding the effect of poverty deconcentration policies, through both dispersal and development, on their integrationist goals and anticipated outcomes for the poor and discuss some of the reasons for these outcomes in the context of mixed-income public housing reform. We then outline some of the implications and potential responses that might inform future phases of current efforts as well as future policy and implementation orientations toward housing policy and addressing urban poverty more broadly.
G. Reginald Daniel
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9781447301011
- eISBN:
- 9781447307228
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447301011.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
An examination of the impact of the rule of hypodescent on racial politics in the U.S. and the role of President Obama's mixed-ethnic background on theories of assimilation & pluralism
An examination of the impact of the rule of hypodescent on racial politics in the U.S. and the role of President Obama's mixed-ethnic background on theories of assimilation & pluralism
Jeffrey B. Ferguson
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300109016
- eISBN:
- 9780300133462
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300109016.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, African-American History
This book presents different aspects of George Samuel Schuyler's unique approach to the race question. It presents Schuyler as a centrally important twentieth-century black intellectual and as an ...
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This book presents different aspects of George Samuel Schuyler's unique approach to the race question. It presents Schuyler as a centrally important twentieth-century black intellectual and as an essentially liberating figure for his unique application of satire to the race question. The book does not shy away from pointing out the satirist's most flamboyant moments of nearsightedness, farsightedness, and outright blindness. Its central concern remains the complex intellectual and political commitments that make Schuyler irreducible to such one-word descriptions as socialist, conservative, amalgamationist, integrationist, or antiessentialist. In his effort to fashion and project a unique black American identity, he took pleasure in playfully pitting such typical categories against one another. At different points in his career, Schuyler embraced almost all of them, especially the ones he found useful in disputing what he regarded as the narrow, racially motivated standard of his average reader. His ironic, open approach to the race question in many ways anticipates this new historical circumstance, where the invention of multiple racial identities has begun to supersede accounts of group distinctiveness based on narrow assumptions of biological essence or static notions of tradition. Schuyler struck an early blow for audacious independence on racial issues.Less
This book presents different aspects of George Samuel Schuyler's unique approach to the race question. It presents Schuyler as a centrally important twentieth-century black intellectual and as an essentially liberating figure for his unique application of satire to the race question. The book does not shy away from pointing out the satirist's most flamboyant moments of nearsightedness, farsightedness, and outright blindness. Its central concern remains the complex intellectual and political commitments that make Schuyler irreducible to such one-word descriptions as socialist, conservative, amalgamationist, integrationist, or antiessentialist. In his effort to fashion and project a unique black American identity, he took pleasure in playfully pitting such typical categories against one another. At different points in his career, Schuyler embraced almost all of them, especially the ones he found useful in disputing what he regarded as the narrow, racially motivated standard of his average reader. His ironic, open approach to the race question in many ways anticipates this new historical circumstance, where the invention of multiple racial identities has begun to supersede accounts of group distinctiveness based on narrow assumptions of biological essence or static notions of tradition. Schuyler struck an early blow for audacious independence on racial issues.
Charles J. Ogletree Jr. and Austin Sarat
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9781479844630
- eISBN:
- 9781479828210
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9781479844630.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
The introduction discusses how racial reconciliation has been thought about from Brown’s integrationist vision to imaginings of post-racialism that accompanied the election of Barack Obama. We ask ...
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The introduction discusses how racial reconciliation has been thought about from Brown’s integrationist vision to imaginings of post-racialism that accompanied the election of Barack Obama. We ask what we can learn about the conditions of racial reconciliation by examining that history. This chapter also provides an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book, showing how each helps illuminate the conditions that impede racial reconciliation and those that might facilitate it in the future.Less
The introduction discusses how racial reconciliation has been thought about from Brown’s integrationist vision to imaginings of post-racialism that accompanied the election of Barack Obama. We ask what we can learn about the conditions of racial reconciliation by examining that history. This chapter also provides an overview of the subsequent chapters in this book, showing how each helps illuminate the conditions that impede racial reconciliation and those that might facilitate it in the future.
Abigail Perkiss
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801452284
- eISBN:
- 9780801470851
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801452284.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter discusses the success of West Mount Airy residents and leaders in making their community economically stable and racially integrated. Throughout the 1950s, integrationist leaders guided ...
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This chapter discusses the success of West Mount Airy residents and leaders in making their community economically stable and racially integrated. Throughout the 1950s, integrationist leaders guided residents through the complicated process of developing an experiment in interracial living in northwest Philadelphia. In West Mount Airy, leaders created reform movements predicated on a strategy of grassroots moral liberalism that relied upon both individual persuasion and structural accountability. One of these movements was initiated by a group of Mount Airy homeowners, led by clergy from religious institutions from four areas. The group presented findings from census data, city charters, religious texts and other studies to support the idea that a racially mixed neighborhood was both sustainable and desirable.Less
This chapter discusses the success of West Mount Airy residents and leaders in making their community economically stable and racially integrated. Throughout the 1950s, integrationist leaders guided residents through the complicated process of developing an experiment in interracial living in northwest Philadelphia. In West Mount Airy, leaders created reform movements predicated on a strategy of grassroots moral liberalism that relied upon both individual persuasion and structural accountability. One of these movements was initiated by a group of Mount Airy homeowners, led by clergy from religious institutions from four areas. The group presented findings from census data, city charters, religious texts and other studies to support the idea that a racially mixed neighborhood was both sustainable and desirable.
Kelly O'Neill
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780300218299
- eISBN:
- 9780300231502
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300218299.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Russian and Former Soviet Union History
This chapter focuses on one of the crucial mechanisms of empire building: the integration of elites. Previous scholars have presumed that the Crimean elite followed a path similar to that of their ...
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This chapter focuses on one of the crucial mechanisms of empire building: the integration of elites. Previous scholars have presumed that the Crimean elite followed a path similar to that of their Georgian and Ukrainian peers. According to the accepted narrative, officials offered the mirzas a role in facilitating the establishment of Russian rule, and they accepted. By the early nineteenth century, mirzas relinquished the reins of authority to Russian officials and landowners, thus removing any vestiges of local particularity in the Tavrida administration. Those who remained in positions of power did so only by forsaking their previous allegiances and becoming part of the Russian social and cultural fabric. In so doing, they left the Crimean Tatar population vulnerable to integrationist policies.Less
This chapter focuses on one of the crucial mechanisms of empire building: the integration of elites. Previous scholars have presumed that the Crimean elite followed a path similar to that of their Georgian and Ukrainian peers. According to the accepted narrative, officials offered the mirzas a role in facilitating the establishment of Russian rule, and they accepted. By the early nineteenth century, mirzas relinquished the reins of authority to Russian officials and landowners, thus removing any vestiges of local particularity in the Tavrida administration. Those who remained in positions of power did so only by forsaking their previous allegiances and becoming part of the Russian social and cultural fabric. In so doing, they left the Crimean Tatar population vulnerable to integrationist policies.
Jeannine Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814791448
- eISBN:
- 9780814760222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814791448.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter highlights acts of anti-integrationist violence in Los Angeles to explain the roles of geography and neighborhood dominance in the construction of localized racial hierarchies. These ...
More
This chapter highlights acts of anti-integrationist violence in Los Angeles to explain the roles of geography and neighborhood dominance in the construction of localized racial hierarchies. These violent acts involve crimes committed by Latinos against African Americans in Los Angeles. “Latinos,” and nothing more specific, is how the perpetrators are described in court cases, human rights organizations' materials, and press accounts. This is slightly problematic because the term “Latino” is a catchall phrase that encompasses people of Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Mexican, and South and Central American descent. This generic lumping under the term “Latino” of individuals from different countries with different national histories does not do justice to the complex relationship that Latinos from different regions have with African Americans.
Less
This chapter highlights acts of anti-integrationist violence in Los Angeles to explain the roles of geography and neighborhood dominance in the construction of localized racial hierarchies. These violent acts involve crimes committed by Latinos against African Americans in Los Angeles. “Latinos,” and nothing more specific, is how the perpetrators are described in court cases, human rights organizations' materials, and press accounts. This is slightly problematic because the term “Latino” is a catchall phrase that encompasses people of Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Mexican, and South and Central American descent. This generic lumping under the term “Latino” of individuals from different countries with different national histories does not do justice to the complex relationship that Latinos from different regions have with African Americans.
Jeannine Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814791448
- eISBN:
- 9780814760222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814791448.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter examines anti-integrationist violence in context of socioeconomic status, or class. Many incidents of anti-integrationist violence had occurred in working-class white neighborhoods, ...
More
This chapter examines anti-integrationist violence in context of socioeconomic status, or class. Many incidents of anti-integrationist violence had occurred in working-class white neighborhoods, such as Canarsie and Bensonhurst in Brooklyn, as well as in South Boston. Highly publicized incidents occurring in these neighborhoods raise the specter that working-class whites may be more likely to resist minorities moving in than those living in middle-class or upper-class white neighborhoods. The remainder of the chapter considers the socioeconomic class of minority people moving in, arguing that the perpetrators' actions are motivated by the targets' social class, or status, and not necessarily their race.
Less
This chapter examines anti-integrationist violence in context of socioeconomic status, or class. Many incidents of anti-integrationist violence had occurred in working-class white neighborhoods, such as Canarsie and Bensonhurst in Brooklyn, as well as in South Boston. Highly publicized incidents occurring in these neighborhoods raise the specter that working-class whites may be more likely to resist minorities moving in than those living in middle-class or upper-class white neighborhoods. The remainder of the chapter considers the socioeconomic class of minority people moving in, arguing that the perpetrators' actions are motivated by the targets' social class, or status, and not necessarily their race.
Jeannine Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814791448
- eISBN:
- 9780814760222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814791448.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter focuses on the government's response to anti-integrationist violence. This response may involve a variety of actors, ranging from police officers investigating the crime to judges ...
More
This chapter focuses on the government's response to anti-integrationist violence. This response may involve a variety of actors, ranging from police officers investigating the crime to judges involved in sentencing. In cases of neighborhood hate crime, the very first governmental actor that the individual targeted by the harassment encounters is the police. In the best-case scenario, the responding officer gathers evidence, arrests any perpetrators at the scene of the crime, gets the names of witnesses, and writes a summary report. The Justice Department then may sentence the perpetrators for violating the general criminal law, the civil rights law, and the local hate crime law.
Less
This chapter focuses on the government's response to anti-integrationist violence. This response may involve a variety of actors, ranging from police officers investigating the crime to judges involved in sentencing. In cases of neighborhood hate crime, the very first governmental actor that the individual targeted by the harassment encounters is the police. In the best-case scenario, the responding officer gathers evidence, arrests any perpetrators at the scene of the crime, gets the names of witnesses, and writes a summary report. The Justice Department then may sentence the perpetrators for violating the general criminal law, the civil rights law, and the local hate crime law.
Jeannine Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814791448
- eISBN:
- 9780814760222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814791448.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter highlights acts of anti-integrationist violence in Los Angeles to explain the roles of geography and neighborhood dominance in the construction of localized racial hierarchies. These ...
More
This chapter highlights acts of anti-integrationist violence in Los Angeles to explain the roles of geography and neighborhood dominance in the construction of localized racial hierarchies. These violent acts involve crimes committed by Latinos against African Americans in Los Angeles. “Latinos,” and nothing more specific, is how the perpetrators are described in court cases, human rights organizations' materials, and press accounts. This is slightly problematic because the term “Latino” is a catchall phrase that encompasses people of Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Mexican, and South and Central American descent. This generic lumping under the term “Latino” of individuals from different countries with different national histories does not do justice to the complex relationship that Latinos from different regions have with African Americans.Less
This chapter highlights acts of anti-integrationist violence in Los Angeles to explain the roles of geography and neighborhood dominance in the construction of localized racial hierarchies. These violent acts involve crimes committed by Latinos against African Americans in Los Angeles. “Latinos,” and nothing more specific, is how the perpetrators are described in court cases, human rights organizations' materials, and press accounts. This is slightly problematic because the term “Latino” is a catchall phrase that encompasses people of Cuban, Puerto Rican, Dominican, Mexican, and South and Central American descent. This generic lumping under the term “Latino” of individuals from different countries with different national histories does not do justice to the complex relationship that Latinos from different regions have with African Americans.
Jeannine Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814791448
- eISBN:
- 9780814760222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814791448.003.0006
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter examines anti-integrationist violence in context of socioeconomic status, or class. Many incidents of anti-integrationist violence had occurred in working-class white neighborhoods, such ...
More
This chapter examines anti-integrationist violence in context of socioeconomic status, or class. Many incidents of anti-integrationist violence had occurred in working-class white neighborhoods, such as Canarsie and Bensonhurst in Brooklyn, as well as in South Boston. Highly publicized incidents occurring in these neighborhoods raise the specter that working-class whites may be more likely to resist minorities moving in than those living in middle-class or upper-class white neighborhoods. The remainder of the chapter considers the socioeconomic class of minority people moving in, arguing that the perpetrators' actions are motivated by the targets' social class, or status, and not necessarily their race.Less
This chapter examines anti-integrationist violence in context of socioeconomic status, or class. Many incidents of anti-integrationist violence had occurred in working-class white neighborhoods, such as Canarsie and Bensonhurst in Brooklyn, as well as in South Boston. Highly publicized incidents occurring in these neighborhoods raise the specter that working-class whites may be more likely to resist minorities moving in than those living in middle-class or upper-class white neighborhoods. The remainder of the chapter considers the socioeconomic class of minority people moving in, arguing that the perpetrators' actions are motivated by the targets' social class, or status, and not necessarily their race.
Jeannine Bell
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814791448
- eISBN:
- 9780814760222
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814791448.003.0007
- Subject:
- Law, Criminal Law and Criminology
This chapter focuses on the government's response to anti-integrationist violence. This response may involve a variety of actors, ranging from police officers investigating the crime to judges ...
More
This chapter focuses on the government's response to anti-integrationist violence. This response may involve a variety of actors, ranging from police officers investigating the crime to judges involved in sentencing. In cases of neighborhood hate crime, the very first governmental actor that the individual targeted by the harassment encounters is the police. In the best-case scenario, the responding officer gathers evidence, arrests any perpetrators at the scene of the crime, gets the names of witnesses, and writes a summary report. The Justice Department then may sentence the perpetrators for violating the general criminal law, the civil rights law, and the local hate crime law.Less
This chapter focuses on the government's response to anti-integrationist violence. This response may involve a variety of actors, ranging from police officers investigating the crime to judges involved in sentencing. In cases of neighborhood hate crime, the very first governmental actor that the individual targeted by the harassment encounters is the police. In the best-case scenario, the responding officer gathers evidence, arrests any perpetrators at the scene of the crime, gets the names of witnesses, and writes a summary report. The Justice Department then may sentence the perpetrators for violating the general criminal law, the civil rights law, and the local hate crime law.
David A. Rezvani
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- August 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199688494
- eISBN:
- 9780191767739
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199688494.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Democratization
Chapter 2 lays out the principal reasons for the advantages and evolution of partially independent territories (PITs). PITs often benefit from high degrees of nationalistic compromise, core state ...
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Chapter 2 lays out the principal reasons for the advantages and evolution of partially independent territories (PITs). PITs often benefit from high degrees of nationalistic compromise, core state public goods, and credible commitments that their fully independent counterparts do not enjoy. They not only emerge because of these advantages, but also because they are initially seen by core states as an institutional response for preventing catastrophes such as state fragmentation, war, and/or economic disaster. In time the sense of self-interest and fear that tends to launch partially independent unions often gives way to mutual trust that is bolstered by core state norms of shared identity and PIT perceptions of fairness. PIT secession will, however, become an increasing possibility if this mutual trust—especially the trust that is underpinned by PIT perceptions of fairness—becomes weakened.Less
Chapter 2 lays out the principal reasons for the advantages and evolution of partially independent territories (PITs). PITs often benefit from high degrees of nationalistic compromise, core state public goods, and credible commitments that their fully independent counterparts do not enjoy. They not only emerge because of these advantages, but also because they are initially seen by core states as an institutional response for preventing catastrophes such as state fragmentation, war, and/or economic disaster. In time the sense of self-interest and fear that tends to launch partially independent unions often gives way to mutual trust that is bolstered by core state norms of shared identity and PIT perceptions of fairness. PIT secession will, however, become an increasing possibility if this mutual trust—especially the trust that is underpinned by PIT perceptions of fairness—becomes weakened.
