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Considers institutional complementarities at the macroeconomic level. It examines unemployment and inflation management in developed democracies, stressing the interactions of central‐bank independence and wage/price‐bargaining coordination with each other and with the sectoral structure of bargaining in determining monetary—policymakers’ and wage/price‐bargainers’ incentives. The evidence from 21 developed democracies over 20 years of flexible exchange rates supports the argument that credible monetary conservatism and traded‐sector‐led (not public‐sector‐led) coordinated bargaining, complement in producing low unemployment and substitute in producing low inflation.

This chapter begins with the importance and effectiveness of the Institutional Dimensions of Global Environmental Change (IDGEC) Science Plan’s institutional interaction and describes the interrelationship between “institutional interplay” and environmental governance. It shows how interplay occurs with institutional arrangements with the reference of social organization. Discussions on climate change regime, climate governance, and various conceptual and empirical researches that play a major role in understanding the “interplay” of institutions through several studies and illustrations are included. The role of important dimensions such as horizontal and vertical interactions among international institutions, their interrelationship with policy making, and the four principal strategies that have been engaged in in the exploration of institutional interaction cover the next part of the chapter. The chapter concludes that future research in the preceding topics will help in the advancement of our knowledge about institutional interaction, as well as environmental governance more generally.

This chapter discusses international institutions’ horizontal interplay studies conducted to better understand institutional interaction. Driving forces/mechanisms of institutional interplay are examined along with principal strategies used for studying institutional interaction by scholars. The collective action approach used for the study of international governance institutions is compared with the social practices approach, providing the perspective of both the studies on international governance institutions. Institutional interaction research implications for policymaking are discussed, with emphasis on reforming institutional interaction political management and international environmental governance. Institutional interaction research progress identifies interplay management and institutional complexes as priority areas of research.

Interplay management and institutional complexes, the two basic themes associated with institutional interaction research, have been analyzed in this book. This chapter presents the cases related to international environmental governance that will help to conduct future research in this field. There is a lack of centralization and cross-institutional coordination in efforts that are being made for increasing synergies, avoiding conflict, and maximizing global environmental governance through interplay management. Interplay management structures have failed to play the desired role in developing cross-institutional relations. The chapter focuses on the role of political will, which is more important and evident than institutional design in shaping and strengthening environmental policy integration in institutional complexes.

Chapter 2 examines what role the legislature might play relative to the courts when open remedies are employed, and prepares the ground for the analysis of the interaction between courts and legislatures. It cogently and critically evaluates the development of, and debate over, the notion of ‘dialogue’ between courts and legislatures over fundamental rights, identifying two divergent understandings of dialogue. It presents two models that guide the analysis of declarations of incompatibility: specialisation (a process of adjustment of legislation between courts and legislatures, with each institution playing its own distinct, or specialised, role) and dual review (where judicial conclusions on human rights compliance are not treated as authoritative and binding, but rather provisional and open to disagreement). This chapter concludes by identifying a notable gap in the existing dialogue scholarship, namely, a tendency to focus on legislative output rather than interrogate the role and processes of the legislature itself.

This chapter focuses on the bias of interplay management techniques in international law toward status quo preservation and international change. Hypothesis about conflict with international trade rules resulting in the chilling of environmental treaties is examined, along with the use of saving clauses to determine whether certain situations will yield a chilling effect or not. Analysis of the data set reveals acknowledgement of some form of international law by multilateral agreements, which shows that every environmental treaty is not an independent event. Institutional interaction hierarchies and their relationship with the chilling effect are also explored.

In addition to summarizing findings, this chapter reflects on the theoretical implications of this study for global environmental politics and international relations more broadly. Importantly this chapter argues that path dependence can help to explain why secretariat influence matters, even when such influence is modest or wanes over time. It argues that when secretariat influence produces entrenched institutions that yield benefits for key decision makers, the results of secretariat influence can establish a path dependent dynamic that enhances institutional interactions and shapes decision making long after secretariat influence has waned. This chapter further discusses the broader implications of secretiarat influence, arguing that secretariats can strengthen global governance regimes, enhancing them through, for example, developing country capacity-building, streamlining complex governace tasks, and helping states capitalize on opportunities for inter-regime coordination. This chapter problemitizes secretariat influence, exploring the appropriate role of secretariats and their role within contemporary overlap management.