R. W. Maslen
- Published in print:
- 1997
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198119913
- eISBN:
- 9780191671241
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198119913.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This book argues that English writers of prose fiction from the 1550s to the 1570s produced some of the most daringly innovative publications of the sixteenth century. Through close examination of a ...
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This book argues that English writers of prose fiction from the 1550s to the 1570s produced some of the most daringly innovative publications of the sixteenth century. Through close examination of a number of key texts, from William Baldwin's satirical fable Beware the Cat, to George Gascoigne's mock-romance The Adventures of Master F.J. and John Lyly's immensely popular Euphues books, he sets out to demonstrate the courage as well as the considerable skills which these undervalued authors brought to their work. They wrote at a time when the Elizabethan censorship system was growing increasingly rigorous in response to the perceived threat of infiltration from Catholic Europe, yet they chose to write books of a kind that was specifically associated with Catholic Italy and France. Their topics were the secrets, lies, and acts of petty treason which vitiated the private lives of the contemporary ruling classes, and their vigorous experiments with style and form marked out prose fiction for years to come as shifty and perilous literary territory. These writers presented themselves as masters of the arts of duplicity, talents which made them eminently suitable for employment as informers or spies, whether for the government or for its most deadly ideological opponents. Their sophisticated narratives of sexual intrigue had a profound effect on the development of the complex poetry and drama that sprung up towards the end of the century, as well as on the modern novel.Less
This book argues that English writers of prose fiction from the 1550s to the 1570s produced some of the most daringly innovative publications of the sixteenth century. Through close examination of a number of key texts, from William Baldwin's satirical fable Beware the Cat, to George Gascoigne's mock-romance The Adventures of Master F.J. and John Lyly's immensely popular Euphues books, he sets out to demonstrate the courage as well as the considerable skills which these undervalued authors brought to their work. They wrote at a time when the Elizabethan censorship system was growing increasingly rigorous in response to the perceived threat of infiltration from Catholic Europe, yet they chose to write books of a kind that was specifically associated with Catholic Italy and France. Their topics were the secrets, lies, and acts of petty treason which vitiated the private lives of the contemporary ruling classes, and their vigorous experiments with style and form marked out prose fiction for years to come as shifty and perilous literary territory. These writers presented themselves as masters of the arts of duplicity, talents which made them eminently suitable for employment as informers or spies, whether for the government or for its most deadly ideological opponents. Their sophisticated narratives of sexual intrigue had a profound effect on the development of the complex poetry and drama that sprung up towards the end of the century, as well as on the modern novel.
Daphna Erdinast-Vulcan
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198184997
- eISBN:
- 9780191674426
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198184997.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism, European Literature
This chapter examines Conrad's discursive strategy as a mode of anarchist practice enabled by the Romantic context. Against the familiar reading of Conrad's irony as a distancing strategy or as a ...
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This chapter examines Conrad's discursive strategy as a mode of anarchist practice enabled by the Romantic context. Against the familiar reading of Conrad's irony as a distancing strategy or as a corrosive tactic which does not allow for an authorial ethical stance, the chapter offers a reading of Conrad's ironic mode of writing in ‘The Informer’ and in related stories like ‘An Anarchist’ and ‘An Outpost of Progress’ as a cognitive structure of subjectivity, related to questions of complicity and agency and motivated by a sense of moral outrage. It is the Romantic sense of an ‘explanatory collapse’ which triggers the use of irony not as a rhetorical device, but as an intensely self-reflective mode of subjectivity which constantly undermines and transcends itself.Less
This chapter examines Conrad's discursive strategy as a mode of anarchist practice enabled by the Romantic context. Against the familiar reading of Conrad's irony as a distancing strategy or as a corrosive tactic which does not allow for an authorial ethical stance, the chapter offers a reading of Conrad's ironic mode of writing in ‘The Informer’ and in related stories like ‘An Anarchist’ and ‘An Outpost of Progress’ as a cognitive structure of subjectivity, related to questions of complicity and agency and motivated by a sense of moral outrage. It is the Romantic sense of an ‘explanatory collapse’ which triggers the use of irony not as a rhetorical device, but as an intensely self-reflective mode of subjectivity which constantly undermines and transcends itself.
P. R. Cavill
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199573837
- eISBN:
- 9780191721878
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199573837.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
Chapter 3 sets the enactment and enforcement of parliamentary legislation within the framework of the crown's responsibility to dispense justice and to uphold the law. It first discusses contextual ...
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Chapter 3 sets the enactment and enforcement of parliamentary legislation within the framework of the crown's responsibility to dispense justice and to uphold the law. It first discusses contextual factors that influenced the content and scope of royal law‐making. Next it identifies the problems law reform and discusses the remedies it designed in the light of theory and practice. Particular attention is paid to the judicial role of the royal council. Responses in parliament to reforms are interpreted through the principles of equity and due process. Then the crown's interest in enforcing the financial penalties laid down in statutory regulations is discussed. Particular notice is given to the role of informers. In conclusion, contemporary criticism of royal policy is considered.Less
Chapter 3 sets the enactment and enforcement of parliamentary legislation within the framework of the crown's responsibility to dispense justice and to uphold the law. It first discusses contextual factors that influenced the content and scope of royal law‐making. Next it identifies the problems law reform and discusses the remedies it designed in the light of theory and practice. Particular attention is paid to the judicial role of the royal council. Responses in parliament to reforms are interpreted through the principles of equity and due process. Then the crown's interest in enforcing the financial penalties laid down in statutory regulations is discussed. Particular notice is given to the role of informers. In conclusion, contemporary criticism of royal policy is considered.
Gareth Wood
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199651337
- eISBN:
- 9780191741180
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199651337.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, 20th-century and Contemporary Literature
This chapter examines the use of quotation and intertextual referencing of the works of Browne in Marías's fourth novel El siglo. It is argued that Marías's ambition in that novel to marry the noble ...
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This chapter examines the use of quotation and intertextual referencing of the works of Browne in Marías's fourth novel El siglo. It is argued that Marías's ambition in that novel to marry the noble or grand style with the bathos of farce is masterfully achieved through the quotation of Browne and the evocation of the works of John Milton and the composer Arnold Schoenberg. The chapter also refutes the reading of the novel offered by Alexis Grohmann, arguing for an analysis that pays closer attention to the psychological development of character and less reliance on stylistics alone. Marías's interest in and attempt to depict the novel's central protagonist—a government informer—is set against the background of the betrayal his father suffered at the end of the Spanish Civil War and his antipathy for Camilo José Cela, the celebrated novelist who worked as an informer and censor in the aftermath of that same conflict.Less
This chapter examines the use of quotation and intertextual referencing of the works of Browne in Marías's fourth novel El siglo. It is argued that Marías's ambition in that novel to marry the noble or grand style with the bathos of farce is masterfully achieved through the quotation of Browne and the evocation of the works of John Milton and the composer Arnold Schoenberg. The chapter also refutes the reading of the novel offered by Alexis Grohmann, arguing for an analysis that pays closer attention to the psychological development of character and less reliance on stylistics alone. Marías's interest in and attempt to depict the novel's central protagonist—a government informer—is set against the background of the betrayal his father suffered at the end of the Spanish Civil War and his antipathy for Camilo José Cela, the celebrated novelist who worked as an informer and censor in the aftermath of that same conflict.
J. M. Beattie
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695164
- eISBN:
- 9780191738746
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695164.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter begins with an analysis of the financial support provided by the government for the policing work of the runners. The accounts of the office show the runners earning enough to provide ...
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This chapter begins with an analysis of the financial support provided by the government for the policing work of the runners. The accounts of the office show the runners earning enough to provide the foundation of an income that was supplemented by other sources, including private clients, an income that enabled many of them to enjoy long careers at Bow Street. Stability of tenure and long experience improved their detective skills, the subject of the second part of the chapter, which examines the way they went about their business, their collection of criminal information and use of informers. Finally, the chapter examines the dangers of the job, and the courage they not infrequently showed in making arrests and bringing accused offenders to Bow Street to be examined.Less
This chapter begins with an analysis of the financial support provided by the government for the policing work of the runners. The accounts of the office show the runners earning enough to provide the foundation of an income that was supplemented by other sources, including private clients, an income that enabled many of them to enjoy long careers at Bow Street. Stability of tenure and long experience improved their detective skills, the subject of the second part of the chapter, which examines the way they went about their business, their collection of criminal information and use of informers. Finally, the chapter examines the dangers of the job, and the courage they not infrequently showed in making arrests and bringing accused offenders to Bow Street to be examined.
Stefan Petrow
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198201656
- eISBN:
- 9780191674976
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198201656.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
In the 19th century, the introduction of the role of detective was met by contempt and uncertainty. Detective methods such as spying were deemed offending particularly in liberal England. Although ...
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In the 19th century, the introduction of the role of detective was met by contempt and uncertainty. Detective methods such as spying were deemed offending particularly in liberal England. Although met by hostility, the number of detectives was increased by 1869 prompting the creation of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID). Because of the great fear of espionage, the CID adopted a method of prevention instead of detection. This presented new problems as it meant employing secretive methods to disclose a brewing crime. These secretive methods were met by further criticisms that questioned the justifiability of these methods and the usage of the informer. Some criticism drew on the invasion of privacy, the perversion of criminal law to justify the entrapment of a criminal, and the regulations imposed on detectives. In this chapter these criticisms and questions on the role and the influence of detectives are carefully analyzed. The methods employed in the monitoring of criminals such as supervision, spying, are also discussed. The chapter also looks at the formation, development, training, and recruitment of detective police.Less
In the 19th century, the introduction of the role of detective was met by contempt and uncertainty. Detective methods such as spying were deemed offending particularly in liberal England. Although met by hostility, the number of detectives was increased by 1869 prompting the creation of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID). Because of the great fear of espionage, the CID adopted a method of prevention instead of detection. This presented new problems as it meant employing secretive methods to disclose a brewing crime. These secretive methods were met by further criticisms that questioned the justifiability of these methods and the usage of the informer. Some criticism drew on the invasion of privacy, the perversion of criminal law to justify the entrapment of a criminal, and the regulations imposed on detectives. In this chapter these criticisms and questions on the role and the influence of detectives are carefully analyzed. The methods employed in the monitoring of criminals such as supervision, spying, are also discussed. The chapter also looks at the formation, development, training, and recruitment of detective police.
Peter Hart
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198208068
- eISBN:
- 9780191677892
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198208068.003.0013
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
This chapter examines how the Volunteers defined their enemies in the shape of ‘spies’ and ‘informers’. It argues that many of the victims of the Cork I.R.A. were regarded as spies and informers. To ...
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This chapter examines how the Volunteers defined their enemies in the shape of ‘spies’ and ‘informers’. It argues that many of the victims of the Cork I.R.A. were regarded as spies and informers. To be branded a spy or informer in revolutionary Cork was to be threatened with the loss of one's home, livelihood, and life. Condemned informers became outcasts within their own communities. As used by the Cork I.R.A. men, the term ‘informer’ simply meant ‘enemy’. Informers are broken down into three categories: those the I.R.A. suspected were ‘guilty of offenses against the Nation and the Army’; those they punished for alleged activities; and those who actually gave information to the authorities. A great majority of the actual informants were never punished and most of those killed never informed.Less
This chapter examines how the Volunteers defined their enemies in the shape of ‘spies’ and ‘informers’. It argues that many of the victims of the Cork I.R.A. were regarded as spies and informers. To be branded a spy or informer in revolutionary Cork was to be threatened with the loss of one's home, livelihood, and life. Condemned informers became outcasts within their own communities. As used by the Cork I.R.A. men, the term ‘informer’ simply meant ‘enemy’. Informers are broken down into three categories: those the I.R.A. suspected were ‘guilty of offenses against the Nation and the Army’; those they punished for alleged activities; and those who actually gave information to the authorities. A great majority of the actual informants were never punished and most of those killed never informed.
Jason McElligott and Martin Conboy (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781526144980
- eISBN:
- 9781526150547
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7765/9781526144997
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
On 23 February 1820 a group of radicals were arrested in Cato Street off the Edgware Road in London. They were within 60 minutes of setting out to assassinate the British cabinet. Five of the ...
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On 23 February 1820 a group of radicals were arrested in Cato Street off the Edgware Road in London. They were within 60 minutes of setting out to assassinate the British cabinet. Five of the conspirators were subsequently executed and another five were transported for life to Australia. The plotters were a mixture of English, Scottish and Irish tradesmen, and one was a black Jamaican. They were motivated by a desire to avenge the ‘Peterloo’ massacre and intended to declare a republic, which they believed would encourage popular risings in London and across Britain.
This volume of essays uses contemporary reports by Home Office spies and informers to assess the seriousness of the conspiracy. It traces the practical and intellectual origins of the plotters’ willingness to use violence; describes the links between Irish and British radicals who were willing to take up arms; makes a contribution to early black history in Britain; examines the European context to events, and follows the lives and careers of those plotters exiled to Australia. These well-written essays will find an appreciative audience among undergraduates, graduate students and scholars of British and Irish history and literature. The book will be of interest to those interested in black history, as well as the related fields of intelligence history and Strategic Studies. A significant contribution to our understanding of a particularly turbulent period of British history.Less
On 23 February 1820 a group of radicals were arrested in Cato Street off the Edgware Road in London. They were within 60 minutes of setting out to assassinate the British cabinet. Five of the conspirators were subsequently executed and another five were transported for life to Australia. The plotters were a mixture of English, Scottish and Irish tradesmen, and one was a black Jamaican. They were motivated by a desire to avenge the ‘Peterloo’ massacre and intended to declare a republic, which they believed would encourage popular risings in London and across Britain.
This volume of essays uses contemporary reports by Home Office spies and informers to assess the seriousness of the conspiracy. It traces the practical and intellectual origins of the plotters’ willingness to use violence; describes the links between Irish and British radicals who were willing to take up arms; makes a contribution to early black history in Britain; examines the European context to events, and follows the lives and careers of those plotters exiled to Australia. These well-written essays will find an appreciative audience among undergraduates, graduate students and scholars of British and Irish history and literature. The book will be of interest to those interested in black history, as well as the related fields of intelligence history and Strategic Studies. A significant contribution to our understanding of a particularly turbulent period of British history.
Bill Angus
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9781474432917
- eISBN:
- 9781474459648
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474432917.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Intelligence and in the Early Modern Theatre explores intrinsic connections between early modern intelligencers and metadrama in the plays of Shakespeare’s contemporaries.
It offers insight into why ...
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Intelligence and in the Early Modern Theatre explores intrinsic connections between early modern intelligencers and metadrama in the plays of Shakespeare’s contemporaries.
It offers insight into why the early modern stage abounds with informer and intelligencer figures. Analysing both the nature of intelligence at the time and the metadrama that such characters generate, the book highlights the significance of intrigue and corruption to dramatic narrative and structure. This study of metadrama reveals some of the most fundamental questions being posed about the legitimacy of authority, authorship, and audience interpretation in this seminal era of English drama.Less
Intelligence and in the Early Modern Theatre explores intrinsic connections between early modern intelligencers and metadrama in the plays of Shakespeare’s contemporaries.
It offers insight into why the early modern stage abounds with informer and intelligencer figures. Analysing both the nature of intelligence at the time and the metadrama that such characters generate, the book highlights the significance of intrigue and corruption to dramatic narrative and structure. This study of metadrama reveals some of the most fundamental questions being posed about the legitimacy of authority, authorship, and audience interpretation in this seminal era of English drama.
Bill Angus
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781474415118
- eISBN:
- 9781474426886
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474415118.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
This book explores the metadramatic plays and devices of Shakespeare and Jonson and finds at the core of their metadrama some disturbing connections, and even an uneasy sense of common practice, ...
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This book explores the metadramatic plays and devices of Shakespeare and Jonson and finds at the core of their metadrama some disturbing connections, and even an uneasy sense of common practice, between authors and the shadowy figure of the informer. It offers insight into the internal workings and motivations of Shakespeare’s and Jonson’s dramatic structures and opens a new window on their ambitions, concerns and fears. In doing so, it enhances our historical understanding of the structures of authority and society within which the drama was produced, and the place of the informer in those structures.Less
This book explores the metadramatic plays and devices of Shakespeare and Jonson and finds at the core of their metadrama some disturbing connections, and even an uneasy sense of common practice, between authors and the shadowy figure of the informer. It offers insight into the internal workings and motivations of Shakespeare’s and Jonson’s dramatic structures and opens a new window on their ambitions, concerns and fears. In doing so, it enhances our historical understanding of the structures of authority and society within which the drama was produced, and the place of the informer in those structures.
Hillel Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520257672
- eISBN:
- 9780520944886
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520257672.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
In 1949, Israel signed armistice agreements with its Arab neighbors at the end of the war in which it had been born. The Jewish state found itself with an unwelcome 156,000 Arabs, who faced ...
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In 1949, Israel signed armistice agreements with its Arab neighbors at the end of the war in which it had been born. The Jewish state found itself with an unwelcome 156,000 Arabs, who faced circumstances entirely different from those they had previously known. Instead of being a majority, as they had been in Mandatory Palestine, they became a minority as a result of the uprooting of some 700,000 who became refugees. To prevent hostile activity and to establish their firm political control over the country's Arab populace, Israeli security forces quickly created networks of informers and collaborators in the Arab community. It was an extremely effective policy that operated on three levels: tactical, political, and in relation to consciousness and identity. Israeli security agencies were also involved in the appointment of mukhtars (village representatives who dealt with the authorities). Even after this change, the security agencies continued to intervene in Arab local politics. The bodies that coordinated the activities of the security forces in Arab settlements included the Regional Committees on Arab Affairs.Less
In 1949, Israel signed armistice agreements with its Arab neighbors at the end of the war in which it had been born. The Jewish state found itself with an unwelcome 156,000 Arabs, who faced circumstances entirely different from those they had previously known. Instead of being a majority, as they had been in Mandatory Palestine, they became a minority as a result of the uprooting of some 700,000 who became refugees. To prevent hostile activity and to establish their firm political control over the country's Arab populace, Israeli security forces quickly created networks of informers and collaborators in the Arab community. It was an extremely effective policy that operated on three levels: tactical, political, and in relation to consciousness and identity. Israeli security agencies were also involved in the appointment of mukhtars (village representatives who dealt with the authorities). Even after this change, the security agencies continued to intervene in Arab local politics. The bodies that coordinated the activities of the security forces in Arab settlements included the Regional Committees on Arab Affairs.
Hillel Cohen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520257672
- eISBN:
- 9780520944886
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520257672.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Middle East History
Many Arabs offered the new state of Israel their services after the Little Triangle was annexed to it. Just as collaboration with the Jews was not foreign to some inhabitants of the Arab villages, ...
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Many Arabs offered the new state of Israel their services after the Little Triangle was annexed to it. Just as collaboration with the Jews was not foreign to some inhabitants of the Arab villages, neither was the art of managing collaborators unfamiliar to Israeli security officials. Some had overseen Arab informers during the Mandate and the war, mostly in the framework of the Shai, but in some cases in the framework of the British police. Some of the Bedouin tribes in the Negev acted in a similar fashion. Some allied themselves with the Jewish forces during the fighting, while others sought Israel's protection and promised to help the state when hostilities ended. In some villages and neighborhoods there was competition for the post of mukhtar, and winning the job was itself adequate compensation for assistance offered. But other mukhtars and collaborators frequently expected more concrete returns, and security officials grappled with the subject of how to compensate collaborators from the time the state was founded.Less
Many Arabs offered the new state of Israel their services after the Little Triangle was annexed to it. Just as collaboration with the Jews was not foreign to some inhabitants of the Arab villages, neither was the art of managing collaborators unfamiliar to Israeli security officials. Some had overseen Arab informers during the Mandate and the war, mostly in the framework of the Shai, but in some cases in the framework of the British police. Some of the Bedouin tribes in the Negev acted in a similar fashion. Some allied themselves with the Jewish forces during the fighting, while others sought Israel's protection and promised to help the state when hostilities ended. In some villages and neighborhoods there was competition for the post of mukhtar, and winning the job was itself adequate compensation for assistance offered. But other mukhtars and collaborators frequently expected more concrete returns, and security officials grappled with the subject of how to compensate collaborators from the time the state was founded.
Rachel Weil
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780300171044
- eISBN:
- 9780300199284
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300171044.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
Stories of plots, sham plots, and the citizen-informers who discovered them are at the centre of this study of the turbulent decade following the Revolution of 1688. Most studies of the Glorious ...
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Stories of plots, sham plots, and the citizen-informers who discovered them are at the centre of this study of the turbulent decade following the Revolution of 1688. Most studies of the Glorious Revolution focus on its causes or long-term effects, but this one instead zeroes in on the early years when the survival of the new regime was in doubt. By encouraging informers, imposing loyalty oaths, suspending habeas corpus, and delaying the long-promised reform of treason trial procedure, the Williamite regime protected itself from enemies and cemented its bonds with supporters, but also put its own credibility at risk.Less
Stories of plots, sham plots, and the citizen-informers who discovered them are at the centre of this study of the turbulent decade following the Revolution of 1688. Most studies of the Glorious Revolution focus on its causes or long-term effects, but this one instead zeroes in on the early years when the survival of the new regime was in doubt. By encouraging informers, imposing loyalty oaths, suspending habeas corpus, and delaying the long-promised reform of treason trial procedure, the Williamite regime protected itself from enemies and cemented its bonds with supporters, but also put its own credibility at risk.
Shane Darcy
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- November 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198788898
- eISBN:
- 9780191830921
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198788898.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
The use of informers and other collaborators by parties to an armed conflict is a common yet often concealed practice in times of war. Despite the prevalence of such activity, and the serious and at ...
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The use of informers and other collaborators by parties to an armed conflict is a common yet often concealed practice in times of war. Despite the prevalence of such activity, and the serious and at times fatal consequences that befall those who collaborate with an enemy, international law applicable in times of armed conflict does not squarely address the phenomenon. The recruitment, use, and treatment of informers and other collaborators is addressed only partially and at times indirectly by international humanitarian law. While international law recognises the widespread and enduring phenomenon of individuals cooperating with an opposing side during an armed conflict, it treats it with some ambivalence. The lawfulness of resort to the practice is generally accepted in principle, yet international law seeks to place certain limits, including restrictions on the methods employed in the recruitment, use, and treatment of informers and other collaborators during armed conflict. This book examines the development and application of the relevant rules and principles of the laws of armed conflict in relation to collaboration. The author focuses primarily on international humanitarian law as applicable to various forms of collaboration but also provides an assessment of the potential role of international human rights law. The book examines the law and practice concerning the phenomenon of collaboration during both international and non-international armed conflicts.Less
The use of informers and other collaborators by parties to an armed conflict is a common yet often concealed practice in times of war. Despite the prevalence of such activity, and the serious and at times fatal consequences that befall those who collaborate with an enemy, international law applicable in times of armed conflict does not squarely address the phenomenon. The recruitment, use, and treatment of informers and other collaborators is addressed only partially and at times indirectly by international humanitarian law. While international law recognises the widespread and enduring phenomenon of individuals cooperating with an opposing side during an armed conflict, it treats it with some ambivalence. The lawfulness of resort to the practice is generally accepted in principle, yet international law seeks to place certain limits, including restrictions on the methods employed in the recruitment, use, and treatment of informers and other collaborators during armed conflict. This book examines the development and application of the relevant rules and principles of the laws of armed conflict in relation to collaboration. The author focuses primarily on international humanitarian law as applicable to various forms of collaboration but also provides an assessment of the potential role of international human rights law. The book examines the law and practice concerning the phenomenon of collaboration during both international and non-international armed conflicts.
Glyn Parry and Cathryn Enis
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198862918
- eISBN:
- 9780191895425
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198862918.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Cultural History
This book puts William Shakespeare’s Stratford upbringing into significant historical context for the first time and provides new ways of thinking about Warwickshire and Elizabethan England. It uses ...
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This book puts William Shakespeare’s Stratford upbringing into significant historical context for the first time and provides new ways of thinking about Warwickshire and Elizabethan England. It uses new archival discoveries about three families: the Shakespeares, the brothers Ambrose and Robert Dudley, earls of Warwick and Leicester, and the Arden family headed by Edward Arden. It shows that as he grew up William Shakespeare was exposed to the Dudleys’ political, legal, historical, and genealogical claims for their authority in Warwickshire and Stratford, an assault on the county’s collective memory resisted by the Ardens and other gentry. As her proxies, the Dudleys established Elizabeth I’s Protestant regime in the west Midlands, culminating in Edward Arden’s destruction on false treason charges in 1583. By then the Shakespeares also had direct experience of the London government’s power in the localities. From 1569 Exchequer informers, backed by influential politicians at Court, accused William’s father John of illegal wool-dealing and usury. Contrary to previous claims that he had escaped these charges by 1572, new sources show how the Exchequer’s continuing demands undermined John’s credit rating by 1577, forcing his withdrawal from Stratford politics, and curtailing his business career in the early 1580s. In the fallout from Arden’s destruction the Elizabethan regime also punished the Shakespeares’ friends and neighbours, the Quineys for their alleged financial links to the traitorous Ardens, despite local knowledge to the contrary, confirming Shakespeare’s sceptical understanding of the realities of power that we find in his later plays.Less
This book puts William Shakespeare’s Stratford upbringing into significant historical context for the first time and provides new ways of thinking about Warwickshire and Elizabethan England. It uses new archival discoveries about three families: the Shakespeares, the brothers Ambrose and Robert Dudley, earls of Warwick and Leicester, and the Arden family headed by Edward Arden. It shows that as he grew up William Shakespeare was exposed to the Dudleys’ political, legal, historical, and genealogical claims for their authority in Warwickshire and Stratford, an assault on the county’s collective memory resisted by the Ardens and other gentry. As her proxies, the Dudleys established Elizabeth I’s Protestant regime in the west Midlands, culminating in Edward Arden’s destruction on false treason charges in 1583. By then the Shakespeares also had direct experience of the London government’s power in the localities. From 1569 Exchequer informers, backed by influential politicians at Court, accused William’s father John of illegal wool-dealing and usury. Contrary to previous claims that he had escaped these charges by 1572, new sources show how the Exchequer’s continuing demands undermined John’s credit rating by 1577, forcing his withdrawal from Stratford politics, and curtailing his business career in the early 1580s. In the fallout from Arden’s destruction the Elizabethan regime also punished the Shakespeares’ friends and neighbours, the Quineys for their alleged financial links to the traitorous Ardens, despite local knowledge to the contrary, confirming Shakespeare’s sceptical understanding of the realities of power that we find in his later plays.
Vincent Shing Cheng
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9789888455683
- eISBN:
- 9789888455645
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888455683.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This chapter examines former prisoners’ experiences of being arrested and their views on the police officers who arrest them. With the example of the use of informants, which the former prisoners ...
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This chapter examines former prisoners’ experiences of being arrested and their views on the police officers who arrest them. With the example of the use of informants, which the former prisoners called ‘hooking’, it argues that the police officers’ concern for intelligence collection and meeting arrest quotas had overridden the concern for ‘saving the drug addicts’. The former drug detainees were exposed to the media presentation of ‘model police officers’ on the front stage and the actual practices of ‘hooking’ on the backstage simultaneously. It argues that this had contributed to their feelings of injustice and to a structural system of hypocrisy formed by the material circumstances of the prison as well as outside bureaucratic performance criteria like the arrest quota and different types of performance measurements linked to the daily police operation.Less
This chapter examines former prisoners’ experiences of being arrested and their views on the police officers who arrest them. With the example of the use of informants, which the former prisoners called ‘hooking’, it argues that the police officers’ concern for intelligence collection and meeting arrest quotas had overridden the concern for ‘saving the drug addicts’. The former drug detainees were exposed to the media presentation of ‘model police officers’ on the front stage and the actual practices of ‘hooking’ on the backstage simultaneously. It argues that this had contributed to their feelings of injustice and to a structural system of hypocrisy formed by the material circumstances of the prison as well as outside bureaucratic performance criteria like the arrest quota and different types of performance measurements linked to the daily police operation.
Rachel Weil
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780300171044
- eISBN:
- 9780300199284
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300171044.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
This chapter focuses on Richard Kingston and the ways his service to the state impacted his own credibility and that of the government. Kingston was a paid intelligence agent, a pamphleteer, and a ...
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This chapter focuses on Richard Kingston and the ways his service to the state impacted his own credibility and that of the government. Kingston was a paid intelligence agent, a pamphleteer, and a figure of enough notoriety to symbolize the ambiguities of the government’s credit in his own person. His life and writings show how knowledge of conspiracy was made and presented to the public as well as the struggle with personal credibility faced by a person who made and presented that knowledge.Less
This chapter focuses on Richard Kingston and the ways his service to the state impacted his own credibility and that of the government. Kingston was a paid intelligence agent, a pamphleteer, and a figure of enough notoriety to symbolize the ambiguities of the government’s credit in his own person. His life and writings show how knowledge of conspiracy was made and presented to the public as well as the struggle with personal credibility faced by a person who made and presented that knowledge.
Charmian Brinson and Richard Dove
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780719090790
- eISBN:
- 9781781707357
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719090790.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
A Matter of Intelligence is a book about the British Security Service MI5. More specifically, it concerns one particular aspect of its work, the surveillance of anti-Nazi German refugees during the ...
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A Matter of Intelligence is a book about the British Security Service MI5. More specifically, it concerns one particular aspect of its work, the surveillance of anti-Nazi German refugees during the 1930s and 1940s. When Hitler took power in 1933, the Nazis began a reign of terror against their political opponents: communists, socialists, pacifists and liberals, many of whom were forced to flee Germany. Some of these ‘political’ refugees came to Britain, where MI5 kept them under close surveillance. This study is based on the personal and organisational files that MI5 kept on them during the 1930s and 1940s – or at least those that have been released to the National Archives – making it equally a study of the political refugees themselves. Although this surveillance exercise formed an important part of MI5's work during that period, it is a part which it seems to have disowned or at any rate forgotten: the recent official history of MI5 does not even mention it, nor do its ‘unofficial’ counterparts. This study therefore fills a considerable gap in historical research. It traces the development of MI5 surveillance of German-speaking refugees through the case files of some of its individual targets and of the main refugee organisations; it also considers the refugees’ British supporters and the refugee informants who spied on fellow-refugees, as well as MI5's tussles with the Home Office and other official bodies. Finally, it assesses how successful – or how useful – this hidden surveillance exercise actually was.Less
A Matter of Intelligence is a book about the British Security Service MI5. More specifically, it concerns one particular aspect of its work, the surveillance of anti-Nazi German refugees during the 1930s and 1940s. When Hitler took power in 1933, the Nazis began a reign of terror against their political opponents: communists, socialists, pacifists and liberals, many of whom were forced to flee Germany. Some of these ‘political’ refugees came to Britain, where MI5 kept them under close surveillance. This study is based on the personal and organisational files that MI5 kept on them during the 1930s and 1940s – or at least those that have been released to the National Archives – making it equally a study of the political refugees themselves. Although this surveillance exercise formed an important part of MI5's work during that period, it is a part which it seems to have disowned or at any rate forgotten: the recent official history of MI5 does not even mention it, nor do its ‘unofficial’ counterparts. This study therefore fills a considerable gap in historical research. It traces the development of MI5 surveillance of German-speaking refugees through the case files of some of its individual targets and of the main refugee organisations; it also considers the refugees’ British supporters and the refugee informants who spied on fellow-refugees, as well as MI5's tussles with the Home Office and other official bodies. Finally, it assesses how successful – or how useful – this hidden surveillance exercise actually was.
B. R. Nanda
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195672039
- eISBN:
- 9780199081417
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195672039.003.0014
- Subject:
- Political Science, Indian Politics
This essay explores the allegations that Mahatma Gandhi’s secretary, Mahadev Desai, was an informer of the British Empire. It provides evidence to prove that Desai’s correspondence with Viceroy Lord ...
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This essay explores the allegations that Mahatma Gandhi’s secretary, Mahadev Desai, was an informer of the British Empire. It provides evidence to prove that Desai’s correspondence with Viceroy Lord Linlithgow and Amery, and the Secretary of State for India during the early years of the Second World War was not an act of betrayal. It argues that from the day he joined the Mahatma in 1917 until his death in 1942, he was his eyes, ears, and authentic voice.Less
This essay explores the allegations that Mahatma Gandhi’s secretary, Mahadev Desai, was an informer of the British Empire. It provides evidence to prove that Desai’s correspondence with Viceroy Lord Linlithgow and Amery, and the Secretary of State for India during the early years of the Second World War was not an act of betrayal. It argues that from the day he joined the Mahatma in 1917 until his death in 1942, he was his eyes, ears, and authentic voice.
Nancy L. Rosenblum
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691169439
- eISBN:
- 9781400881314
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691169439.003.0008
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
This chapter focuses on neighbors turned informers. An abnormal Panoptical society, a “world without walls,” replaces the ordinary boundaries and neutral ground among good neighbors. It becomes a ...
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This chapter focuses on neighbors turned informers. An abnormal Panoptical society, a “world without walls,” replaces the ordinary boundaries and neutral ground among good neighbors. It becomes a punishable offense to see and hear yet refuse to report, and neighbors become active agents in this system of control. The chapter cites the mass Japanese evacuation and internment at the start of World War II as an example: a story of public betrayal by government and personal betrayal by white neighbors before “relocation” and again after resettlement at the end of the war. It is also a story of brittle, fractionated relations among Japanese families living side by side in the camps.Less
This chapter focuses on neighbors turned informers. An abnormal Panoptical society, a “world without walls,” replaces the ordinary boundaries and neutral ground among good neighbors. It becomes a punishable offense to see and hear yet refuse to report, and neighbors become active agents in this system of control. The chapter cites the mass Japanese evacuation and internment at the start of World War II as an example: a story of public betrayal by government and personal betrayal by white neighbors before “relocation” and again after resettlement at the end of the war. It is also a story of brittle, fractionated relations among Japanese families living side by side in the camps.
