Manuel Castells and Pekka Himanen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199256990
- eISBN:
- 9780191698415
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256990.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
Silicon Valley has been considered as the model that societies must imitate to succeed in the information age. However, recently another alternative has attracted strong international interest: the ...
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Silicon Valley has been considered as the model that societies must imitate to succeed in the information age. However, recently another alternative has attracted strong international interest: the Finnish model. This is equally dynamic in technological and economic terms, but combines the information society with the welfare state. This book looks at what the Finnish model really is. The chapters analyse the factors that have enabled Nokia to become the world's leading telecommunications company, for example, and Linux to become the biggest challenger to Microsoft in the operating systems market. They discuss the development of Nokia and the Finnish innovation model, with important lessons for businesses and national technology policies. However, the Finnish model's most radical and interesting feature is its attempt to combine technological and economic success with social justice and equality. The book shows how Finland has uniquely created a ‘virtuous cycle’ out of the information society and the welfare state: the successful information society makes the continued financing of the welfare state possible and the welfare state generates well-educated people in good shape for the information society's continued success. This model has significant implications for all societies where policy debates about the information society and/or public policy are on the agenda. Ultimately, the Finnish model proves that there is no one model for the information age, but that there is room for different policies and values.Less
Silicon Valley has been considered as the model that societies must imitate to succeed in the information age. However, recently another alternative has attracted strong international interest: the Finnish model. This is equally dynamic in technological and economic terms, but combines the information society with the welfare state. This book looks at what the Finnish model really is. The chapters analyse the factors that have enabled Nokia to become the world's leading telecommunications company, for example, and Linux to become the biggest challenger to Microsoft in the operating systems market. They discuss the development of Nokia and the Finnish innovation model, with important lessons for businesses and national technology policies. However, the Finnish model's most radical and interesting feature is its attempt to combine technological and economic success with social justice and equality. The book shows how Finland has uniquely created a ‘virtuous cycle’ out of the information society and the welfare state: the successful information society makes the continued financing of the welfare state possible and the welfare state generates well-educated people in good shape for the information society's continued success. This model has significant implications for all societies where policy debates about the information society and/or public policy are on the agenda. Ultimately, the Finnish model proves that there is no one model for the information age, but that there is room for different policies and values.
Stuart Macdonald
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199241477
- eISBN:
- 9780191696947
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241477.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Innovation, Organization Studies
Information is not taken seriously. Much is said about the information age, the information economy, the information society, and particularly about information technology, but little about ...
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Information is not taken seriously. Much is said about the information age, the information economy, the information society, and particularly about information technology, but little about information itself. Information has some very odd characteristics, conveniently overlooked by senior managers passionate about knowledge-based, learning organizations; by politicians and public servants, compensating with policy and programme for the information failure of organization and market; and by the IT and dotcom communities, bent on adding value to what they treat as just a commodity. This book looks at innovation from an information perspective; one that puts information first. Its information perspective is applied to eighteenth-century agriculture and high technology, to technology transfer and espionage, to corporate strategy and intellectual property.Less
Information is not taken seriously. Much is said about the information age, the information economy, the information society, and particularly about information technology, but little about information itself. Information has some very odd characteristics, conveniently overlooked by senior managers passionate about knowledge-based, learning organizations; by politicians and public servants, compensating with policy and programme for the information failure of organization and market; and by the IT and dotcom communities, bent on adding value to what they treat as just a commodity. This book looks at innovation from an information perspective; one that puts information first. Its information perspective is applied to eighteenth-century agriculture and high technology, to technology transfer and espionage, to corporate strategy and intellectual property.
Robin Mansell
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198295570
- eISBN:
- 9780191685149
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198295570.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology, Innovation
This book examines the interaction between social, regulatory, and market developments underlying the growing use of new technologies such as the personal computer and the Internet. Based upon ...
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This book examines the interaction between social, regulatory, and market developments underlying the growing use of new technologies such as the personal computer and the Internet. Based upon empirical research by an international team, it offers insights needed to understand public policy, corporate strategy, and individual choices taken in response to the deluge of new technological opportunities. A principal theme of the book is that changes are governed by public decisions that establish the institutional framework in which the private sector operates. The quality and value of the information society for the citizen is not the inevitable consequence of market and technological forces. Policy choices that however fail to take market and technical influences into account will prove ineffective. The book lays the foundation for improved theories of the process of change, more appropriate strategies to achieve desired aims, and more effective policies for mitigating the effects of dislocation and exclusion from the information society.Less
This book examines the interaction between social, regulatory, and market developments underlying the growing use of new technologies such as the personal computer and the Internet. Based upon empirical research by an international team, it offers insights needed to understand public policy, corporate strategy, and individual choices taken in response to the deluge of new technological opportunities. A principal theme of the book is that changes are governed by public decisions that establish the institutional framework in which the private sector operates. The quality and value of the information society for the citizen is not the inevitable consequence of market and technological forces. Policy choices that however fail to take market and technical influences into account will prove ineffective. The book lays the foundation for improved theories of the process of change, more appropriate strategies to achieve desired aims, and more effective policies for mitigating the effects of dislocation and exclusion from the information society.
Manuel Castells and Pekka Himanen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199256990
- eISBN:
- 9780191698415
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256990.003.0009
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
The chapter enumerates several lessons that other countries can learn from the development experiences of Finland. The country's welfare state compliments its information society. Another lesson is ...
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The chapter enumerates several lessons that other countries can learn from the development experiences of Finland. The country's welfare state compliments its information society. Another lesson is that flexibility with work and smooth industrial relations are caused by cooperation between businesses and the welfare state. Third, Finland's has a main role in guiding the economic development of the country and molding the information society. Its citizens are oriented towards a strong national sentiment and a sense of identity. It also has utilized hackers in private and public firms in order to provide creativity and innovation in the industries. Finland has not been a rich state for several decades; it has also been on an equal footing with other less developed nations in the past.Less
The chapter enumerates several lessons that other countries can learn from the development experiences of Finland. The country's welfare state compliments its information society. Another lesson is that flexibility with work and smooth industrial relations are caused by cooperation between businesses and the welfare state. Third, Finland's has a main role in guiding the economic development of the country and molding the information society. Its citizens are oriented towards a strong national sentiment and a sense of identity. It also has utilized hackers in private and public firms in order to provide creativity and innovation in the industries. Finland has not been a rich state for several decades; it has also been on an equal footing with other less developed nations in the past.
Nicholas Garnham
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198742258
- eISBN:
- 9780191695001
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198742258.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This book approaches the problems raised by the media via a set of arguments with post-modernism and Information Society theory. It argues that the media are important because they raise a set of ...
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This book approaches the problems raised by the media via a set of arguments with post-modernism and Information Society theory. It argues that the media are important because they raise a set of questions central to social and political theory. It focuses on the problem raised by what Kant called the unsocial sociability of human kind. Then, it examines the implications for emancipation of seeing the media as cultural industries within the capitalist market economy; of seeing the media as technologies; of the specialisation of intellectual production and of the separation and increasing social distance between the producers and consumers of symbols. The problem of how the symbolic forms that the media circulate can be assessed is provided. It is argued that evaluation is in practice unavoidable and without some standards that are more than just subjective any criticism of the media's performance is impossible. Via an examination of the debate between the sociology of art and aesthetics the book argues for the ethical foundations of aesthetic judgement and for the establishment of agreed standards of aesthetic judgement via the discourse ethic that underlies the argument of the entire book. Next the book gives a discussion of the media and politics. Hereafter the book returns to the roots of public sphere theory.Less
This book approaches the problems raised by the media via a set of arguments with post-modernism and Information Society theory. It argues that the media are important because they raise a set of questions central to social and political theory. It focuses on the problem raised by what Kant called the unsocial sociability of human kind. Then, it examines the implications for emancipation of seeing the media as cultural industries within the capitalist market economy; of seeing the media as technologies; of the specialisation of intellectual production and of the separation and increasing social distance between the producers and consumers of symbols. The problem of how the symbolic forms that the media circulate can be assessed is provided. It is argued that evaluation is in practice unavoidable and without some standards that are more than just subjective any criticism of the media's performance is impossible. Via an examination of the debate between the sociology of art and aesthetics the book argues for the ethical foundations of aesthetic judgement and for the establishment of agreed standards of aesthetic judgement via the discourse ethic that underlies the argument of the entire book. Next the book gives a discussion of the media and politics. Hereafter the book returns to the roots of public sphere theory.
Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198295570
- eISBN:
- 9780191685149
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198295570.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology, Innovation
The interaction between the information society and the significant changes in both information and communication technologies would bring about profound effects on our lives, particularly in the ...
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The interaction between the information society and the significant changes in both information and communication technologies would bring about profound effects on our lives, particularly in the twenty-first century. As our focus remains in the European aspect of the said interactions, our study concentrates on how European developments are influenced greatly by the understanding of the visions made by other societies, such as that of the United States, and by these technological developments' global character. Since the European character of the vision for the information society may have notable differences from that of other societies, we aim to explore the public expressions of European policy makers and how Europe differs from other areas in terms of its technological, social, cultural, and economic development.Less
The interaction between the information society and the significant changes in both information and communication technologies would bring about profound effects on our lives, particularly in the twenty-first century. As our focus remains in the European aspect of the said interactions, our study concentrates on how European developments are influenced greatly by the understanding of the visions made by other societies, such as that of the United States, and by these technological developments' global character. Since the European character of the vision for the information society may have notable differences from that of other societies, we aim to explore the public expressions of European policy makers and how Europe differs from other areas in terms of its technological, social, cultural, and economic development.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0003
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
Taking a turn from the issues and concerns raised in the previous chapter, this chapter presents an attempt to argue that the aforementioned problems in the information policy concerning the public ...
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Taking a turn from the issues and concerns raised in the previous chapter, this chapter presents an attempt to argue that the aforementioned problems in the information policy concerning the public sphere of the information society are merely theoretical problems. This chapter provides an intellectual critique and an exhaustive exposition of public space and its functions in a democratic society. It points out that the challenges that come in the way of achieving and realising the goal of public participation in the public space are closely associated with the wrong concepts of citizenship, public welfare, justice, and the definition of a democratic civil society. It argues that the democratic processes and conventions such as the right to vote, contractual liberties, and the rule of law can exist even in a non-democratic society. It tries to delineate the idea of democracy from the concept of full access to information and states that being a member of a political community does not necessarily guarantee information rights and participation.Less
Taking a turn from the issues and concerns raised in the previous chapter, this chapter presents an attempt to argue that the aforementioned problems in the information policy concerning the public sphere of the information society are merely theoretical problems. This chapter provides an intellectual critique and an exhaustive exposition of public space and its functions in a democratic society. It points out that the challenges that come in the way of achieving and realising the goal of public participation in the public space are closely associated with the wrong concepts of citizenship, public welfare, justice, and the definition of a democratic civil society. It argues that the democratic processes and conventions such as the right to vote, contractual liberties, and the rule of law can exist even in a non-democratic society. It tries to delineate the idea of democracy from the concept of full access to information and states that being a member of a political community does not necessarily guarantee information rights and participation.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter attempts to present a clear-cut examination and detailed analysis of the direction of the policies in the information society for content regulation, ownership, intellectual property ...
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This chapter attempts to present a clear-cut examination and detailed analysis of the direction of the policies in the information society for content regulation, ownership, intellectual property rights, and audiovisual policy. This chapter argues that the resolution of conflict between people's rights to content production and distribution and proprietary rights will determine the potential of the information age to impact economic growth and the political community. This chapter examines the political implications of the proliferation of the economic incentives intellectual property rights (IPR) concept. This chapter points out that the aforesaid IPR concept is an ordering principle which regulates ownership rights over content in the public sphere. It discusses the Treaty of the Commission of the European Communities which fails to govern the political rights of the citizens of the European Union. The goal of the treaty is merely to regulate the activities of both public and private legal corporate entities.Less
This chapter attempts to present a clear-cut examination and detailed analysis of the direction of the policies in the information society for content regulation, ownership, intellectual property rights, and audiovisual policy. This chapter argues that the resolution of conflict between people's rights to content production and distribution and proprietary rights will determine the potential of the information age to impact economic growth and the political community. This chapter examines the political implications of the proliferation of the economic incentives intellectual property rights (IPR) concept. This chapter points out that the aforesaid IPR concept is an ordering principle which regulates ownership rights over content in the public sphere. It discusses the Treaty of the Commission of the European Communities which fails to govern the political rights of the citizens of the European Union. The goal of the treaty is merely to regulate the activities of both public and private legal corporate entities.
Richard Heeks
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199241057
- eISBN:
- 9780191714290
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241057.003.0012
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
India was a Third World Information Technology colossus by the year 2000. In 1998/99, it exported an estimated US$2.2 billion-worth of software and produced more than 700,000 computers for the home ...
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India was a Third World Information Technology colossus by the year 2000. In 1998/99, it exported an estimated US$2.2 billion-worth of software and produced more than 700,000 computers for the home market, worth over US$1 billion. Such success has encouraged many other developing and transitional nations to see India as an IT model that must be understood and imitated. This chapter explores IT production policies in India and their impact from the 1960s to the 1990s, and draws some policy lessons from that understanding. It sets out an IT policy framework that will be used to analyse the Indian experiences.Less
India was a Third World Information Technology colossus by the year 2000. In 1998/99, it exported an estimated US$2.2 billion-worth of software and produced more than 700,000 computers for the home market, worth over US$1 billion. Such success has encouraged many other developing and transitional nations to see India as an IT model that must be understood and imitated. This chapter explores IT production policies in India and their impact from the 1960s to the 1990s, and draws some policy lessons from that understanding. It sets out an IT policy framework that will be used to analyse the Indian experiences.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0008
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
The discussions and presentations of facts in this chapter revolve chiefly around the competitive order of the information society in the age of information. It presents an intellectual discussion on ...
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The discussions and presentations of facts in this chapter revolve chiefly around the competitive order of the information society in the age of information. It presents an intellectual discussion on realist internationalism and how it affects the information society. This chapter questions the primordial and dominant political contention in the information society that through market processes, fair competition in the information market can be achieved. This chapter suggests that to promote the concept of laissez faire, it is essential to establish an economic and moral defence of monopoly. Schumpeter, an influential liberal economist, acknowledges the existing proprietary rivalry in the information market and promotes the process of creative destruction to make monopolies more suited for the development of capitalism. The chapter discusses that this admission by Schumpeter of the reality of monopoly in the free market has something to do partially in the fundamental study of the organization of public space in recent modernity.Less
The discussions and presentations of facts in this chapter revolve chiefly around the competitive order of the information society in the age of information. It presents an intellectual discussion on realist internationalism and how it affects the information society. This chapter questions the primordial and dominant political contention in the information society that through market processes, fair competition in the information market can be achieved. This chapter suggests that to promote the concept of laissez faire, it is essential to establish an economic and moral defence of monopoly. Schumpeter, an influential liberal economist, acknowledges the existing proprietary rivalry in the information market and promotes the process of creative destruction to make monopolies more suited for the development of capitalism. The chapter discusses that this admission by Schumpeter of the reality of monopoly in the free market has something to do partially in the fundamental study of the organization of public space in recent modernity.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0009
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter deals with the question of information rights or participatory rights in the European Union. It raises questions on whether constitutional traditions and provisions on communication ...
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This chapter deals with the question of information rights or participatory rights in the European Union. It raises questions on whether constitutional traditions and provisions on communication rights and highly diverse public interest may be used as a basis for developing a set of common principles and ideals that will mould and guide the information society in the age of information. This chapter also attempts to show the strong dependence of the public on its constitutional guarantees for the information rights of participation. The studies presented in this chapter and in the book in general address, through investigation of the information society's policies, the importance of the discussion for a participatory public space. This chapter presents the result of the analysis of the study that the concept of laissez faire competition is invalid when viewed under socio-legal empirical evidence and standards of the participatory framework.Less
This chapter deals with the question of information rights or participatory rights in the European Union. It raises questions on whether constitutional traditions and provisions on communication rights and highly diverse public interest may be used as a basis for developing a set of common principles and ideals that will mould and guide the information society in the age of information. This chapter also attempts to show the strong dependence of the public on its constitutional guarantees for the information rights of participation. The studies presented in this chapter and in the book in general address, through investigation of the information society's policies, the importance of the discussion for a participatory public space. This chapter presents the result of the analysis of the study that the concept of laissez faire competition is invalid when viewed under socio-legal empirical evidence and standards of the participatory framework.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter presents a discussion on the audiovisual battleground and the diverse of effects of information liberalization in the information society. This chapter provides a historic and ...
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This chapter presents a discussion on the audiovisual battleground and the diverse of effects of information liberalization in the information society. This chapter provides a historic and descriptive account of Roberto Barzanti's call for community action after the Treaty of the Commission of the European Communities has failed to govern the political rights of the citizens of the European Union. This failure to govern has led the European audiovisual market to decline. Barzanti, former president of the European Parliament Committee on Youth, Culture, Education, Media, and Sport claims that the solution to the botched European audiovisual market lies on the solid support from the Community. He pointed out that the audiovisual industries of the United States are the predator which devours the European Union's audiovisual industry. Barzanti then proposed various mechanisms which, surprisingly, pointed them back to the anti-competitive market structures which were first considered as the cause of the decline.Less
This chapter presents a discussion on the audiovisual battleground and the diverse of effects of information liberalization in the information society. This chapter provides a historic and descriptive account of Roberto Barzanti's call for community action after the Treaty of the Commission of the European Communities has failed to govern the political rights of the citizens of the European Union. This failure to govern has led the European audiovisual market to decline. Barzanti, former president of the European Parliament Committee on Youth, Culture, Education, Media, and Sport claims that the solution to the botched European audiovisual market lies on the solid support from the Community. He pointed out that the audiovisual industries of the United States are the predator which devours the European Union's audiovisual industry. Barzanti then proposed various mechanisms which, surprisingly, pointed them back to the anti-competitive market structures which were first considered as the cause of the decline.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter constructs a diagram and framework for a participatory public space. It opens a discussion on the application of the concept of a participatory diagram of public space and a detailed and ...
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This chapter constructs a diagram and framework for a participatory public space. It opens a discussion on the application of the concept of a participatory diagram of public space and a detailed and exhaustive analysis of a number of major policy initiatives in the realm of information society in several countries and nations. It discusses the participatory theory of public space and how it begins with the normative basis for information structures. Several key issues in information society policies have been identified in this chapter such as the principles and criteria for minimum conditions of non-discriminatory access to the information network by individuals or groups; positive content regulation to guarantee adequacy of information services; rules on content and infrastructure ownership; the structure of intellectual property rights and proprietary rights governing content ownership; rules on governance, accountability, and public interest standards in functioning and development of the multimedia public sphere, the implications of privatization law; construction of the competitive order of the information society; and the provisions to ensure priority on citizens' constitutional rights to expression and information.Less
This chapter constructs a diagram and framework for a participatory public space. It opens a discussion on the application of the concept of a participatory diagram of public space and a detailed and exhaustive analysis of a number of major policy initiatives in the realm of information society in several countries and nations. It discusses the participatory theory of public space and how it begins with the normative basis for information structures. Several key issues in information society policies have been identified in this chapter such as the principles and criteria for minimum conditions of non-discriminatory access to the information network by individuals or groups; positive content regulation to guarantee adequacy of information services; rules on content and infrastructure ownership; the structure of intellectual property rights and proprietary rights governing content ownership; rules on governance, accountability, and public interest standards in functioning and development of the multimedia public sphere, the implications of privatization law; construction of the competitive order of the information society; and the provisions to ensure priority on citizens' constitutional rights to expression and information.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter attempts to provide a contemporary and clear-cut definition of information society. It raises an important point that information society is not just about the processes of technological ...
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This chapter attempts to provide a contemporary and clear-cut definition of information society. It raises an important point that information society is not just about the processes of technological progress. This chapter states that information society depends largely on societies' and states' social, economic, cultural and other political decisions. Several issues, concerns, and dilemmas are also raised in this chapter with regards to information liberalization. It also raises a number of supranational and global benefits and advantages that come along with liberalizing the information society. This chapter also points out the connection between modern democracy and the growing landscape of information society and attempts to analyse the effects of information liberalization in the democratic political layout of a nation or society. It points out that it is important to compare the status of the fundamental rights of the people to access information and the competition in the constitution of the information society.Less
This chapter attempts to provide a contemporary and clear-cut definition of information society. It raises an important point that information society is not just about the processes of technological progress. This chapter states that information society depends largely on societies' and states' social, economic, cultural and other political decisions. Several issues, concerns, and dilemmas are also raised in this chapter with regards to information liberalization. It also raises a number of supranational and global benefits and advantages that come along with liberalizing the information society. This chapter also points out the connection between modern democracy and the growing landscape of information society and attempts to analyse the effects of information liberalization in the democratic political layout of a nation or society. It points out that it is important to compare the status of the fundamental rights of the people to access information and the competition in the constitution of the information society.
Manuel Castells and Pekka Himanen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199256990
- eISBN:
- 9780191698415
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256990.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
The world is currently characterized by the rise of information societies. During the 1990s, the market and other sectors embraced technology in order to make daily tasks simpler. A distinguishing ...
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The world is currently characterized by the rise of information societies. During the 1990s, the market and other sectors embraced technology in order to make daily tasks simpler. A distinguishing feature of the Information Age is diversity; information societies cannot be patterned exactly as one country from another. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a background in order to explain how Finland can serve as a model of development to other countries. In general, the chapter examines Finland's combination of a welfare state and information society, its history and economy which are both factors as to why the country has become one of the most technologically advanced countries in the world.Less
The world is currently characterized by the rise of information societies. During the 1990s, the market and other sectors embraced technology in order to make daily tasks simpler. A distinguishing feature of the Information Age is diversity; information societies cannot be patterned exactly as one country from another. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a background in order to explain how Finland can serve as a model of development to other countries. In general, the chapter examines Finland's combination of a welfare state and information society, its history and economy which are both factors as to why the country has become one of the most technologically advanced countries in the world.
Shalini Venturelli
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198233794
- eISBN:
- 9780191678998
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198233794.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Film, Media, and Cultural Studies
This chapter highlights the historical need for evaluating public policies on information society with regards to their potential to make democracy's primordial concept to come into play: the ...
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This chapter highlights the historical need for evaluating public policies on information society with regards to their potential to make democracy's primordial concept to come into play: the public's right and freedom to participate in the public dialogue and to have access to the information society. This chapter discusses that a democratic civil society requires a political space for citizens and proposes a way of knowing how such civil society is accounted for in the age of information. The discussions in this chapter stress that a democratic society's structure would need to be accountable to the principle of publicity. It includes discussions of observations and propositions made by Weber, Habernas, and Marx and points out that the claims of liberalism are hardly realised and achieved. It suggests that the institutionalization of man's basic democratic rights such as universal voting, formal democracy, freedom of the press, opinion, assembly, and majority rules is increasingly biased.Less
This chapter highlights the historical need for evaluating public policies on information society with regards to their potential to make democracy's primordial concept to come into play: the public's right and freedom to participate in the public dialogue and to have access to the information society. This chapter discusses that a democratic civil society requires a political space for citizens and proposes a way of knowing how such civil society is accounted for in the age of information. The discussions in this chapter stress that a democratic society's structure would need to be accountable to the principle of publicity. It includes discussions of observations and propositions made by Weber, Habernas, and Marx and points out that the claims of liberalism are hardly realised and achieved. It suggests that the institutionalization of man's basic democratic rights such as universal voting, formal democracy, freedom of the press, opinion, assembly, and majority rules is increasingly biased.
Manuel Castells and Pekka Himanen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199256990
- eISBN:
- 9780191698415
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256990.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
The chapter focuses on one aspect of Finland's achievement of development—its combination of a welfare state and information society. The chapter argues that both are not antagonistic but ...
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The chapter focuses on one aspect of Finland's achievement of development—its combination of a welfare state and information society. The chapter argues that both are not antagonistic but complementary. The chapter begins with a discussion of the aspects of a welfare state; first among these is social justice in terms of the citizen' s right to education, health care, and income redistribution. Another aspect of the welfare state is the collective protection of the labor force. The second part of the chapter is dedicated to discussing the features of Finland's welfare state. Statistical data are used to examine the progress of Finland in these endeavors. The chapter finally offers a discussion of the defining features of the information society of Finland. Social hackerism is also promoted in the country through several ways. The chapter dedicates its final part in explaining the concept of this and its connection to the welfare state. Time, information, and learning are all shared by individuals, researchers, and hackers through this phenomenon.Less
The chapter focuses on one aspect of Finland's achievement of development—its combination of a welfare state and information society. The chapter argues that both are not antagonistic but complementary. The chapter begins with a discussion of the aspects of a welfare state; first among these is social justice in terms of the citizen' s right to education, health care, and income redistribution. Another aspect of the welfare state is the collective protection of the labor force. The second part of the chapter is dedicated to discussing the features of Finland's welfare state. Statistical data are used to examine the progress of Finland in these endeavors. The chapter finally offers a discussion of the defining features of the information society of Finland. Social hackerism is also promoted in the country through several ways. The chapter dedicates its final part in explaining the concept of this and its connection to the welfare state. Time, information, and learning are all shared by individuals, researchers, and hackers through this phenomenon.
Manuel Castells and Pekka Himanen
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199256990
- eISBN:
- 9780191698415
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199256990.003.0006
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology
This chapter explores the relationship between a network society and identity. The chapter also examines the history of survival an information country in terms of culture, economy, biology, and ...
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This chapter explores the relationship between a network society and identity. The chapter also examines the history of survival an information country in terms of culture, economy, biology, and politics. Another defining characteristic of Finnish identity is the so-called minority identity, the mentality where the citizens continue to feel that they are regarded as a minority in the world despite being considered as a majority. The second part of the chapter discusses the role of the welfare state and information society in connection with the identity of the people of the country. Finland's combination of welfare state and information society not only serves as a vehicle towards attainment of development, but also moulds the identity of its citizens as well. The old protestant ethic is now being replaced by the hacker ethic as the acceptable work ethic of the Finnish.Less
This chapter explores the relationship between a network society and identity. The chapter also examines the history of survival an information country in terms of culture, economy, biology, and politics. Another defining characteristic of Finnish identity is the so-called minority identity, the mentality where the citizens continue to feel that they are regarded as a minority in the world despite being considered as a majority. The second part of the chapter discusses the role of the welfare state and information society in connection with the identity of the people of the country. Finland's combination of welfare state and information society not only serves as a vehicle towards attainment of development, but also moulds the identity of its citizens as well. The old protestant ethic is now being replaced by the hacker ethic as the acceptable work ethic of the Finnish.
James B. Rule
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195307832
- eISBN:
- 9780199944040
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195307832.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Law, Crime and Deviance
This book offers a probing account of the erosion of privacy in American society, which shows that we are often unwitting, if willing, accomplices, providing personal data in exchange for security or ...
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This book offers a probing account of the erosion of privacy in American society, which shows that we are often unwitting, if willing, accomplices, providing personal data in exchange for security or convenience. The book reveals that in today's “information society,” the personal data that we make available to virtually any organization for virtually any purpose is apt to surface elsewhere, applied to utterly different purposes. The mass collection and processing of personal information produces such tremendous efficiencies that both the public and private sector feel justified in pushing as far as they can into our private lives. There is no easy cure. Indeed, there are many cases where privacy invasion is both hurtful to the individual and indispensable to an organization's quest for efficiency. As long as we willingly accept the pursuit of profit, or the reduction of crime, or cutting government costs as sufficient reason for intensified scrutiny over our lives, then privacy will remain endangered.Less
This book offers a probing account of the erosion of privacy in American society, which shows that we are often unwitting, if willing, accomplices, providing personal data in exchange for security or convenience. The book reveals that in today's “information society,” the personal data that we make available to virtually any organization for virtually any purpose is apt to surface elsewhere, applied to utterly different purposes. The mass collection and processing of personal information produces such tremendous efficiencies that both the public and private sector feel justified in pushing as far as they can into our private lives. There is no easy cure. Indeed, there are many cases where privacy invasion is both hurtful to the individual and indispensable to an organization's quest for efficiency. As long as we willingly accept the pursuit of profit, or the reduction of crime, or cutting government costs as sufficient reason for intensified scrutiny over our lives, then privacy will remain endangered.
Robin Mansell and W. Edward Steinmueller
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198295570
- eISBN:
- 9780191685149
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198295570.003.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Information Technology, Innovation
The European vision of the ‘information society’ entails illustrating how the developments within it may make certain contributions to European economic growth, to increases in employment, and to the ...
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The European vision of the ‘information society’ entails illustrating how the developments within it may make certain contributions to European economic growth, to increases in employment, and to the economic and social cohesion evident across the European Union. In this analysis, we concentrate mainly on the various endeavours made at achieving the information society vision and its corresponding transformations in the governance systems, the social order, and the economy, considering whether the resulting developments are to the benefit of all Europeans. In this chapter, we introduce how the formation of the European Union is paralleled by the different global changes experienced by both communication and information technology, and how this move is expected to have profound effects on European consumers, wealth creation, and improved standards of living.Less
The European vision of the ‘information society’ entails illustrating how the developments within it may make certain contributions to European economic growth, to increases in employment, and to the economic and social cohesion evident across the European Union. In this analysis, we concentrate mainly on the various endeavours made at achieving the information society vision and its corresponding transformations in the governance systems, the social order, and the economy, considering whether the resulting developments are to the benefit of all Europeans. In this chapter, we introduce how the formation of the European Union is paralleled by the different global changes experienced by both communication and information technology, and how this move is expected to have profound effects on European consumers, wealth creation, and improved standards of living.
