Frederick Cooper
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691161310
- eISBN:
- 9781400850280
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691161310.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, African History
This chapter looks at the transformation of the French Empire to the French Union. The French Union would not acquire a juridical basis until the finalization of the new constitution in October 1946 ...
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This chapter looks at the transformation of the French Empire to the French Union. The French Union would not acquire a juridical basis until the finalization of the new constitution in October 1946 and the meaning of the declarations about citizenship and federation were far from clear or generally accepted. However, a new name for empire had been introduced, the formula of federation had been invoked, and the possibility of an inclusive citizenship had been put on the table. Later, events in Indochina and Algeria would shape the debate over extending citizenship to Africans, but in contradictory ways. The conflicts led some to conclude that French control had to be more rigorous and others to emphasize the need to make overseas subjects feel included in an imperial community.Less
This chapter looks at the transformation of the French Empire to the French Union. The French Union would not acquire a juridical basis until the finalization of the new constitution in October 1946 and the meaning of the declarations about citizenship and federation were far from clear or generally accepted. However, a new name for empire had been introduced, the formula of federation had been invoked, and the possibility of an inclusive citizenship had been put on the table. Later, events in Indochina and Algeria would shape the debate over extending citizenship to Africans, but in contradictory ways. The conflicts led some to conclude that French control had to be more rigorous and others to emphasize the need to make overseas subjects feel included in an imperial community.
Leigh Moscowitz
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252038129
- eISBN:
- 9780252095382
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252038129.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gay and Lesbian Studies
This concluding chapter highlights the limits of commercial media as a route to social change and critiques the institution of marriage as a route to inclusive citizenship. It first considers how gay ...
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This concluding chapter highlights the limits of commercial media as a route to social change and critiques the institution of marriage as a route to inclusive citizenship. It first considers how gay marriage in the 2000s was interpreted as a case of trouble for “straight America,” a reflection of the larger anxieties over an institution that appears to be fragile and falling out of favor. It then examines how the same-sex marriage debate also meant trouble for gay rights activists who sought to influence news frames and images and for the LGBTQ community more generally. It argues that the images and narratives employed in both activist strategies and news media discourses may unwittingly work to stigmatize (unmarried) gays and lesbians—and especially bisexual, transgender, and queer citizens—who do not fit the “normative” mold in this new era of visibility.Less
This concluding chapter highlights the limits of commercial media as a route to social change and critiques the institution of marriage as a route to inclusive citizenship. It first considers how gay marriage in the 2000s was interpreted as a case of trouble for “straight America,” a reflection of the larger anxieties over an institution that appears to be fragile and falling out of favor. It then examines how the same-sex marriage debate also meant trouble for gay rights activists who sought to influence news frames and images and for the LGBTQ community more generally. It argues that the images and narratives employed in both activist strategies and news media discourses may unwittingly work to stigmatize (unmarried) gays and lesbians—and especially bisexual, transgender, and queer citizens—who do not fit the “normative” mold in this new era of visibility.
