Donald M. Linhorst
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195171877
- eISBN:
- 9780199865338
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195171877.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Health and Mental Health
The purpose of this book is to examine the opportunities for, and limitations to, empowerment among adults with severe mental illness who, historically, have lacked power and have been the focus of ...
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The purpose of this book is to examine the opportunities for, and limitations to, empowerment among adults with severe mental illness who, historically, have lacked power and have been the focus of stigma and discrimination. Its central premise is that despite significant limitations to empowerment, people with severe mental illness can be empowered when certain conditions are met. Building on the work of Joel F. Handler, nine conditions are outlined under which empowerment is likely to occur and be sustained long-term. These conditions are then applied to determine the circumstances under which people with severe mental illness can be empowered through participation in each of seven activities. These including treatment planning; the selection and control of housing; decision making in the organizations from which services are received; planning and policy making; securing and maintaining employment that produces a liveable wage; research and evaluation; and service provision to other people with mental illness. Case studies from a public psychiatric hospital and a community mental health agency illustrate each of the seven areas. Finally, the book identifies the roles that service providers, administrators, policy makers, advocacy groups, researchers, and clients can play in the empowerment process.Less
The purpose of this book is to examine the opportunities for, and limitations to, empowerment among adults with severe mental illness who, historically, have lacked power and have been the focus of stigma and discrimination. Its central premise is that despite significant limitations to empowerment, people with severe mental illness can be empowered when certain conditions are met. Building on the work of Joel F. Handler, nine conditions are outlined under which empowerment is likely to occur and be sustained long-term. These conditions are then applied to determine the circumstances under which people with severe mental illness can be empowered through participation in each of seven activities. These including treatment planning; the selection and control of housing; decision making in the organizations from which services are received; planning and policy making; securing and maintaining employment that produces a liveable wage; research and evaluation; and service provision to other people with mental illness. Case studies from a public psychiatric hospital and a community mental health agency illustrate each of the seven areas. Finally, the book identifies the roles that service providers, administrators, policy makers, advocacy groups, researchers, and clients can play in the empowerment process.
Sheila Payne and Caroline Ellis-Hill (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192631671
- eISBN:
- 9780191730191
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192631671.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Most chronically and terminally ill patients are cared for in their own homes by family and friends, rather than in hospitals or hospices. These carers are an invaluable free resource and there is an ...
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Most chronically and terminally ill patients are cared for in their own homes by family and friends, rather than in hospitals or hospices. These carers are an invaluable free resource and there is an increasing amount of research into their role and the experiences of caring for the terminally ill, patients with cancer, and patients with other chronic diseases. This book provides a critique of the theoretical concept of caring, carers, and caregivers. The material is based on empirical evidence from recent studies of adults with acquired chronic illnesses, including terminal illness. The empirical data within the book has been gathered from the perspective of those providing personal, domestic, or emotional care to others already known to them by virtue of kinship, co-habitation, or friendship, rather than carers organised on a professional or voluntary basis. This new evidence is used to make suggestions about possible ways forward within health and social care practice.Less
Most chronically and terminally ill patients are cared for in their own homes by family and friends, rather than in hospitals or hospices. These carers are an invaluable free resource and there is an increasing amount of research into their role and the experiences of caring for the terminally ill, patients with cancer, and patients with other chronic diseases. This book provides a critique of the theoretical concept of caring, carers, and caregivers. The material is based on empirical evidence from recent studies of adults with acquired chronic illnesses, including terminal illness. The empirical data within the book has been gathered from the perspective of those providing personal, domestic, or emotional care to others already known to them by virtue of kinship, co-habitation, or friendship, rather than carers organised on a professional or voluntary basis. This new evidence is used to make suggestions about possible ways forward within health and social care practice.
Tanya Stivers
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195311150
- eISBN:
- 9780199870837
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311150.001.0001
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Sociolinguistics / Anthropological Linguistics
Antibiotics will soon no longer be able to cure common illnesses such as strep throat, sinusitis, and middle ear infections as they have done previously. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasing ...
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Antibiotics will soon no longer be able to cure common illnesses such as strep throat, sinusitis, and middle ear infections as they have done previously. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasing at a much faster rate than new antibiotics to treat them are being developed. The prescription of antibiotics for viral illnesses is a key cause of increasing bacterial resistance. Despite this fact, many children continue to receive antibiotics unnecessarily for the treatment of viral upper respiratory tract infections. Why do American physicians continue to prescribe inappropriately given the high social stakes of this action? The answer appears to lie in the fundamentally social nature of medical practice: physicians do not prescribe as the result of a clinical algorithm but prescribe in the context of a conversation with a parent and a child. Thus, physicians have a classic social dilemma which pits individual parents and children against a greater social good. This book examines parent-physician conversations in detail, showing how parents put pressure on doctors in largely covert ways. It also shows how physicians yield to this seemingly subtle pressure evidencing that apparently small differences in wording have important consequences for diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Following parents use of these interactional practices, physicians are more likely to make concessions, alter their diagnosis or alter their treatment recommendation. This book also shows how small changes in the way physicians present their findings and recommendations can decrease parent pressure for antibiotics. It carefully documents the important and observable link between micro social interaction and macro public health domains.Less
Antibiotics will soon no longer be able to cure common illnesses such as strep throat, sinusitis, and middle ear infections as they have done previously. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are increasing at a much faster rate than new antibiotics to treat them are being developed. The prescription of antibiotics for viral illnesses is a key cause of increasing bacterial resistance. Despite this fact, many children continue to receive antibiotics unnecessarily for the treatment of viral upper respiratory tract infections. Why do American physicians continue to prescribe inappropriately given the high social stakes of this action? The answer appears to lie in the fundamentally social nature of medical practice: physicians do not prescribe as the result of a clinical algorithm but prescribe in the context of a conversation with a parent and a child. Thus, physicians have a classic social dilemma which pits individual parents and children against a greater social good. This book examines parent-physician conversations in detail, showing how parents put pressure on doctors in largely covert ways. It also shows how physicians yield to this seemingly subtle pressure evidencing that apparently small differences in wording have important consequences for diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Following parents use of these interactional practices, physicians are more likely to make concessions, alter their diagnosis or alter their treatment recommendation. This book also shows how small changes in the way physicians present their findings and recommendations can decrease parent pressure for antibiotics. It carefully documents the important and observable link between micro social interaction and macro public health domains.
David Barnard, Anna M. Towers, Patricia Boston, and Yanna Lambrinidou
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195123432
- eISBN:
- 9780199999835
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195123432.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine and Older People
This book provides a unique view of patients, families, and their caregivers striving together to maintain comfort and hope in the face of incurable illness. The narratives weave together emotions, ...
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This book provides a unique view of patients, families, and their caregivers striving together to maintain comfort and hope in the face of incurable illness. The narratives weave together emotions, physical symptoms, spiritual concerns, and the stresses of family life, as well as the professional and personal challenges of providing hospice and palliative care. Based on a vast amount of participant observation and in-depth interviews, the book moves far beyond dry technical manuals for symptom control and tired clichés about death with dignity, to depict the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells of the daily in patients' homes and the palliative care unit. It captures the breathtaking diversity of people's aspirations and ideals as they face death, and the views of the professionals who care for them. Anger and fear, tenderness and reconciliation, jealousy and love, social support and falling through the cracks, unexpected courage and unshakable faith—all of these are part of facing death in late twentieth-century North America, and this book brings them to life in a portrait of the processes of giving and receiving palliative care.Less
This book provides a unique view of patients, families, and their caregivers striving together to maintain comfort and hope in the face of incurable illness. The narratives weave together emotions, physical symptoms, spiritual concerns, and the stresses of family life, as well as the professional and personal challenges of providing hospice and palliative care. Based on a vast amount of participant observation and in-depth interviews, the book moves far beyond dry technical manuals for symptom control and tired clichés about death with dignity, to depict the sights, sounds, tastes, and smells of the daily in patients' homes and the palliative care unit. It captures the breathtaking diversity of people's aspirations and ideals as they face death, and the views of the professionals who care for them. Anger and fear, tenderness and reconciliation, jealousy and love, social support and falling through the cracks, unexpected courage and unshakable faith—all of these are part of facing death in late twentieth-century North America, and this book brings them to life in a portrait of the processes of giving and receiving palliative care.
Nikolas Rose and Joelle M. Abi-Rached
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691149608
- eISBN:
- 9781400846337
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691149608.003.0005
- Subject:
- Neuroscience, Development
This chapter focuses on the question of diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and examines the relationship between neuroscience and psychiatry from this perspective. Despite the penetrating gaze of ...
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This chapter focuses on the question of diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and examines the relationship between neuroscience and psychiatry from this perspective. Despite the penetrating gaze of neuroscience, which has opened up the brain to vision in so many ways, psychiatric classification remains superficial. This neuromolecular vision seems incapable of grounding the clinical work of psychiatry in the way that has become routine in other areas of medicine. Despite the conviction of most practitioners that they deal with conditions that have a corporeal seat in the brain of the afflicted individual, psychiatry has failed to establish the bridge that, from the nineteenth century on, underpinned the epistemology of modern clinical medicine—the capacity to link the troubles of the troubled and troubling individuals who are its subjects with the vital anomalies that underpin them.Less
This chapter focuses on the question of diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and examines the relationship between neuroscience and psychiatry from this perspective. Despite the penetrating gaze of neuroscience, which has opened up the brain to vision in so many ways, psychiatric classification remains superficial. This neuromolecular vision seems incapable of grounding the clinical work of psychiatry in the way that has become routine in other areas of medicine. Despite the conviction of most practitioners that they deal with conditions that have a corporeal seat in the brain of the afflicted individual, psychiatry has failed to establish the bridge that, from the nineteenth century on, underpinned the epistemology of modern clinical medicine—the capacity to link the troubles of the troubled and troubling individuals who are its subjects with the vital anomalies that underpin them.
James L. Hallenbeck
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195165784
- eISBN:
- 9780199999897
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195165784.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Drawing from his extensive clinical experience and many years of teaching, the author of this book has written a guide to palliative care for clinicians. The topics addressed range from an overview ...
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Drawing from his extensive clinical experience and many years of teaching, the author of this book has written a guide to palliative care for clinicians. The topics addressed range from an overview of death and dying to specific approaches to symptom management. As an introduction to both the art and science of palliative care, the book reflects the perspectives of one physician who has dedicated his career to this rapidly evolving field. It links real stories of illness with practical advice, thereby delineating clinical practice in a way that reflects the daily concerns of clinicians.Less
Drawing from his extensive clinical experience and many years of teaching, the author of this book has written a guide to palliative care for clinicians. The topics addressed range from an overview of death and dying to specific approaches to symptom management. As an introduction to both the art and science of palliative care, the book reflects the perspectives of one physician who has dedicated his career to this rapidly evolving field. It links real stories of illness with practical advice, thereby delineating clinical practice in a way that reflects the daily concerns of clinicians.
Joel Feinberg
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195155266
- eISBN:
- 9780199833177
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195155262.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This collection of essays is united by a common concern with basic questions pertaining to law and morality and the relation between the two. The first essay considers whether judges must appeal to ...
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This collection of essays is united by a common concern with basic questions pertaining to law and morality and the relation between the two. The first essay considers whether judges must appeal to natural law or natural justice when the law seems incomplete or indeterminate. In cases in which the law is immoral, natural law theorists and legal positivists align in their rejection of a moral obligation to obey the law. The second essay defends the view that moral rights exist independently of institutional structures. The complex issue of criminal entrapment is the focus of the third paper, and the position defended is that although an entrapped person sometimes may not be held criminally liable for the crime she voluntarily commits as a result of police enticement, in many cases we may make adverse moral judgments about her conduct. The view espoused in the fourth essay is that completed crimes and failed attempts should be treated in the same way when determining the appropriate punishment. The fifth essay offers various arguments to support the claim that funding of the arts through taxation is justified. Among other things, the arts offer intrinsic, though often benefitless, value to society, which is worthwhile to maintain and preserve. In the sixth paper, the discussion focuses on the notion of pure evil, or sheer wickedness, contrasting it with that of mental illness (or sick! sick! sickness) and identifying some places in which this distinction blurs. The final essay in this collection looks at how, since Plato's time, moral language and psychiatric language have fused ideas of immorality and mental illness.Less
This collection of essays is united by a common concern with basic questions pertaining to law and morality and the relation between the two. The first essay considers whether judges must appeal to natural law or natural justice when the law seems incomplete or indeterminate. In cases in which the law is immoral, natural law theorists and legal positivists align in their rejection of a moral obligation to obey the law. The second essay defends the view that moral rights exist independently of institutional structures. The complex issue of criminal entrapment is the focus of the third paper, and the position defended is that although an entrapped person sometimes may not be held criminally liable for the crime she voluntarily commits as a result of police enticement, in many cases we may make adverse moral judgments about her conduct. The view espoused in the fourth essay is that completed crimes and failed attempts should be treated in the same way when determining the appropriate punishment. The fifth essay offers various arguments to support the claim that funding of the arts through taxation is justified. Among other things, the arts offer intrinsic, though often benefitless, value to society, which is worthwhile to maintain and preserve. In the sixth paper, the discussion focuses on the notion of pure evil, or sheer wickedness, contrasting it with that of mental illness (or sick! sick! sickness) and identifying some places in which this distinction blurs. The final essay in this collection looks at how, since Plato's time, moral language and psychiatric language have fused ideas of immorality and mental illness.
Stephen Mulhall
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199208548
- eISBN:
- 9780191709067
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208548.003.0007
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Language
This chapter examines the question: how are we to understand the various possibilities of sense held open by the placing of the semi-colon in §255? The first, most obvious possibility depends upon ...
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This chapter examines the question: how are we to understand the various possibilities of sense held open by the placing of the semi-colon in §255? The first, most obvious possibility depends upon comparing a philosophical question to an illness or disease: but translating Krankheit as ‘illness’ rather than ‘disease’ holds open a further set of possibilities within this one, in so far as it underlines the fact that the kind of treatment we envisage being required in the philosophical case will be determined by whether we compare the philosopher's question to a medical problem (one affecting, let us say, the body) or to a problem of the mind or soul — the domain of psychoanalysis (not to mention religion). If we prefer the medical interpretation, we will think of philosopher's questions as essentially diseased or abnormal: they can have no intrinsic value or interest, but rather require extirpation — a kind of philosophical surgery — in order to re-establish health. If one interprets the same idea psychoanalytically, this set of conclusions remains open, but is no longer forced upon us.Less
This chapter examines the question: how are we to understand the various possibilities of sense held open by the placing of the semi-colon in §255? The first, most obvious possibility depends upon comparing a philosophical question to an illness or disease: but translating Krankheit as ‘illness’ rather than ‘disease’ holds open a further set of possibilities within this one, in so far as it underlines the fact that the kind of treatment we envisage being required in the philosophical case will be determined by whether we compare the philosopher's question to a medical problem (one affecting, let us say, the body) or to a problem of the mind or soul — the domain of psychoanalysis (not to mention religion). If we prefer the medical interpretation, we will think of philosopher's questions as essentially diseased or abnormal: they can have no intrinsic value or interest, but rather require extirpation — a kind of philosophical surgery — in order to re-establish health. If one interprets the same idea psychoanalytically, this set of conclusions remains open, but is no longer forced upon us.
Derek Doyle and David Jeffrey
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192632272
- eISBN:
- 9780191730245
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192632272.001.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
Most people with far-advanced illness wish to be cared for at home for as long as possible. The challenge of providing good palliative care at home is therefore of major importance for family ...
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Most people with far-advanced illness wish to be cared for at home for as long as possible. The challenge of providing good palliative care at home is therefore of major importance for family doctors, nurses, and all those committed to maintaining the highest possible quality of life for the dying person. As modern specialist palliative care has raised both standards of care and also public expectations of family doctors and community nurses, this book helps to place specialist care in context. As palliative care is a major responsibility for teams providing care at home, the book provides a definitive guide on how to provide effective care for people with far-advanced disease. It has been written by two palliative specialists, both of whom have been family doctors. The book deals with all the physical, emotional, spiritual, and social problems that will be encountered by family doctors and community nurses caring for patients and relatives in a home setting. It deals in detail with emergencies, communications, and ethical issues, and emphasises throughout the importance of team work.Less
Most people with far-advanced illness wish to be cared for at home for as long as possible. The challenge of providing good palliative care at home is therefore of major importance for family doctors, nurses, and all those committed to maintaining the highest possible quality of life for the dying person. As modern specialist palliative care has raised both standards of care and also public expectations of family doctors and community nurses, this book helps to place specialist care in context. As palliative care is a major responsibility for teams providing care at home, the book provides a definitive guide on how to provide effective care for people with far-advanced disease. It has been written by two palliative specialists, both of whom have been family doctors. The book deals with all the physical, emotional, spiritual, and social problems that will be encountered by family doctors and community nurses caring for patients and relatives in a home setting. It deals in detail with emergencies, communications, and ethical issues, and emphasises throughout the importance of team work.
Ann Armstrong-Dailey and Sarah Zarbock (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195340709
- eISBN:
- 9780199999927
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195340709.003.0001
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Paediatric Palliative Medicine, Pain Management and Palliative Pharmacology
This introductory chapter explains the coverage of this book, which is about pediatric hospice care. The book provides specific information about providing for terminally ill children, including ...
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This introductory chapter explains the coverage of this book, which is about pediatric hospice care. The book provides specific information about providing for terminally ill children, including children's age-related understanding of death, the critical elements of pain and symptom control, and the psychosocial aspects of life-threatening illnesses in childhood and adolescence. It addresses the spiritual concerns of the family and sibling bereavement and describes inpatient palliative care practiced at St. Mary's Hospital for Children. The chapter also discusses the Children's Hospice International's (CHI) Program for All-Inclusive Care for Children and their Families (CHI PACC).Less
This introductory chapter explains the coverage of this book, which is about pediatric hospice care. The book provides specific information about providing for terminally ill children, including children's age-related understanding of death, the critical elements of pain and symptom control, and the psychosocial aspects of life-threatening illnesses in childhood and adolescence. It addresses the spiritual concerns of the family and sibling bereavement and describes inpatient palliative care practiced at St. Mary's Hospital for Children. The chapter also discusses the Children's Hospice International's (CHI) Program for All-Inclusive Care for Children and their Families (CHI PACC).
Stewart Gordon
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195177435
- eISBN:
- 9780199864690
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195177435.003.15
- Subject:
- Music, Performing Practice/Studies
This chapter offers advice for performers in dealing with physical challenge, such as short-term illness, long-term infirmity, and aging. Being active for as long as possible and for as much as ...
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This chapter offers advice for performers in dealing with physical challenge, such as short-term illness, long-term infirmity, and aging. Being active for as long as possible and for as much as possible are stressed, as well as maintaining passion for whatever level of performance is possible.Less
This chapter offers advice for performers in dealing with physical challenge, such as short-term illness, long-term infirmity, and aging. Being active for as long as possible and for as much as possible are stressed, as well as maintaining passion for whatever level of performance is possible.
Cicely Saunders
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198570530
- eISBN:
- 9780191730412
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198570530.003.0007
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Palliative Medicine Research
This paper shows the willingness of Cicely Saunders to write for a wide variety of publications and audiences, even from an early stage in her writing career. It appeared in a now long-forgotten ...
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This paper shows the willingness of Cicely Saunders to write for a wide variety of publications and audiences, even from an early stage in her writing career. It appeared in a now long-forgotten magazine called Better Health and was written not just for nurses working in the community, but also for family carers of terminally ill people. It detailed some of the typical problems and concerns which can arise in the final stages of life and the frustrations which patients and carers may experience, as well as giving simple and practical advice on how they can be overcome.Less
This paper shows the willingness of Cicely Saunders to write for a wide variety of publications and audiences, even from an early stage in her writing career. It appeared in a now long-forgotten magazine called Better Health and was written not just for nurses working in the community, but also for family carers of terminally ill people. It detailed some of the typical problems and concerns which can arise in the final stages of life and the frustrations which patients and carers may experience, as well as giving simple and practical advice on how they can be overcome.
Nick Bosanquet and Chris Salisbury
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- November 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780192629913
- eISBN:
- 9780191730153
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192629913.003.0016
- Subject:
- Palliative Care, Patient Care and End-of-Life Decision Making, Palliative Medicine Research
This chapter discusses the conclusions derived from the review presented in this book. It concludes that the findings of the review are positive. The review has introduced a new kind of care and has ...
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This chapter discusses the conclusions derived from the review presented in this book. It concludes that the findings of the review are positive. The review has introduced a new kind of care and has offered significant new knowledge and skills for the staff and care-givers in the palliative care network. It has also introduced a different type of palliative care innovation that uses voluntary rather than government funding. This new programme posed a great challenge to the traditional and conventional stereotypes of UK and US healthcare. In this chapter, the foreseeable changes in the field of palliative care are outlined. These are changes in the age target and age priority of palliative care, and in the boundaries between palliative care and care of long-term chronic illness, and an increase in the shift of care towards home and community and in the costs of palliative care. The chapter also provides suggestions for addressing the still-unexplored sectors of palliative care, such as the changing patient need, the new challenges in therapy, and the changing models of care.Less
This chapter discusses the conclusions derived from the review presented in this book. It concludes that the findings of the review are positive. The review has introduced a new kind of care and has offered significant new knowledge and skills for the staff and care-givers in the palliative care network. It has also introduced a different type of palliative care innovation that uses voluntary rather than government funding. This new programme posed a great challenge to the traditional and conventional stereotypes of UK and US healthcare. In this chapter, the foreseeable changes in the field of palliative care are outlined. These are changes in the age target and age priority of palliative care, and in the boundaries between palliative care and care of long-term chronic illness, and an increase in the shift of care towards home and community and in the costs of palliative care. The chapter also provides suggestions for addressing the still-unexplored sectors of palliative care, such as the changing patient need, the new challenges in therapy, and the changing models of care.
Roberto Rona and Susan Chinn
- Published in print:
- 1999
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780192629197
- eISBN:
- 9780191723612
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780192629197.001.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
The National Study of Health and Growth (NSHG) was a surveillance system of growth in primary school children of England and Scotland from 1972 to 1994. The system included a representative sample ...
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The National Study of Health and Growth (NSHG) was a surveillance system of growth in primary school children of England and Scotland from 1972 to 1994. The system included a representative sample and an inner city sample. The study was valuable for assessing the possible impact of food welfare policy and social factors on nutritional status, mainly assessed in terms of height. The NSHG was the first study to document an increase in child obesity in the United Kingdom. Although the principal aim of the NHSG was to monitor nutritional status, the study was influential in assessing trends in respiratory illness, especially asthma, and in reporting on the risk factors of obesity, cholesterol levels, blood pressure and physical fitness, and other health complaints such as food intolerance, enuresis, and sleep disturbances. The NSGH was successful in maintaining a high response rate throughout its existence.Less
The National Study of Health and Growth (NSHG) was a surveillance system of growth in primary school children of England and Scotland from 1972 to 1994. The system included a representative sample and an inner city sample. The study was valuable for assessing the possible impact of food welfare policy and social factors on nutritional status, mainly assessed in terms of height. The NSHG was the first study to document an increase in child obesity in the United Kingdom. Although the principal aim of the NHSG was to monitor nutritional status, the study was influential in assessing trends in respiratory illness, especially asthma, and in reporting on the risk factors of obesity, cholesterol levels, blood pressure and physical fitness, and other health complaints such as food intolerance, enuresis, and sleep disturbances. The NSGH was successful in maintaining a high response rate throughout its existence.
Stella Bolaki
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- September 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781474402422
- eISBN:
- 9781474418591
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474402422.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Criticism/Theory
Illness narratives have become a cultural phenomenon in the Western world but their analysis continues to be framed by the context of biomedicine, the doctor-patient encounter and the demands of ...
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Illness narratives have become a cultural phenomenon in the Western world but their analysis continues to be framed by the context of biomedicine, the doctor-patient encounter and the demands of medical training. This reductive attitude prevents the inclusion of more formally experimental genres, different themes and interdisciplinary methods within the field. It also perpetuates the view of the medical humanities as a narrow area of study largely serving the needs of medicine. Exploring the aesthetic, ethical and cultural importance of contemporary representations of illness across different arts and media, this book intervenes in current debates in medical humanities/medical education by emphasising more critical as opposed to instrumental approaches. Opening up the category of illness narrative to consider forms beyond literature, Illness as Many Narratives includes chapters on photography, artists’ books, performance art, film, theatre, animation and online narratives. The book examines different physical and mental illness experiences in both autobiographical and collaborative/relational narratives and offers new close readings of diverse works by Jo Spence, Sam Taylor-Wood, Martha A. Hall, Guillermo Gómez-Peña, Wim Wenders, Lisa Kron and others. Approaching illness and its treatments as a multiplicity and situating them in relation to aesthetics, theory, radical pedagogy, politics and contemporary cultural concerns, Illness as Many Narratives demonstrates how bringing in diverse materials and engaging with multiple perspectives can help the arts, cultural studies and the medical humanities to establish critical conversations and amplify the goals and scope of their respective work.Less
Illness narratives have become a cultural phenomenon in the Western world but their analysis continues to be framed by the context of biomedicine, the doctor-patient encounter and the demands of medical training. This reductive attitude prevents the inclusion of more formally experimental genres, different themes and interdisciplinary methods within the field. It also perpetuates the view of the medical humanities as a narrow area of study largely serving the needs of medicine. Exploring the aesthetic, ethical and cultural importance of contemporary representations of illness across different arts and media, this book intervenes in current debates in medical humanities/medical education by emphasising more critical as opposed to instrumental approaches. Opening up the category of illness narrative to consider forms beyond literature, Illness as Many Narratives includes chapters on photography, artists’ books, performance art, film, theatre, animation and online narratives. The book examines different physical and mental illness experiences in both autobiographical and collaborative/relational narratives and offers new close readings of diverse works by Jo Spence, Sam Taylor-Wood, Martha A. Hall, Guillermo Gómez-Peña, Wim Wenders, Lisa Kron and others. Approaching illness and its treatments as a multiplicity and situating them in relation to aesthetics, theory, radical pedagogy, politics and contemporary cultural concerns, Illness as Many Narratives demonstrates how bringing in diverse materials and engaging with multiple perspectives can help the arts, cultural studies and the medical humanities to establish critical conversations and amplify the goals and scope of their respective work.
Tamar Lasky (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195172638
- eISBN:
- 9780199865727
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195172638.001.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
This book details the various ways in which epidemiologic methods can improve food safety. Starting with a history and background of food-borne illness, the book continues by describing the means of ...
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This book details the various ways in which epidemiologic methods can improve food safety. Starting with a history and background of food-borne illness, the book continues by describing the means of investigating an outbreak and measuring exposure, and concludes by looking at the regulatory context in the United States.Less
This book details the various ways in which epidemiologic methods can improve food safety. Starting with a history and background of food-borne illness, the book continues by describing the means of investigating an outbreak and measuring exposure, and concludes by looking at the regulatory context in the United States.
Mike W. Martin
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195304718
- eISBN:
- 9780199786572
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195304713.003.0012
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Meaningful lives embody defensible values (objective meaning) and are enlivened by a sense of worthwhileness (subjective meaning). The therapeutic trend has led psychotherapists to explore all ...
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Meaningful lives embody defensible values (objective meaning) and are enlivened by a sense of worthwhileness (subjective meaning). The therapeutic trend has led psychotherapists to explore all aspects of meaningful lives, including everyday moral issues concerning love, work, community service, happiness, and authenticity. This chapter discusses depression, the most ubiquitous concern about meaning brought to psychotherapists. Topics covered include therapists' morality-therapy dichotomy, ethicists' morality-therapy dichotomy, impaired autonomy, and the health-illness continuum. It is argued that depression has become our “presiding discontent,” given our preoccupations with identity and self-worth amid rapid social change, eroding community, and increasingly many ways in which our lives are subject to forces over which we have little control. Therapeutic perspectives should complement and merge with moral perspectives, rather than replacing or diluting morality.Less
Meaningful lives embody defensible values (objective meaning) and are enlivened by a sense of worthwhileness (subjective meaning). The therapeutic trend has led psychotherapists to explore all aspects of meaningful lives, including everyday moral issues concerning love, work, community service, happiness, and authenticity. This chapter discusses depression, the most ubiquitous concern about meaning brought to psychotherapists. Topics covered include therapists' morality-therapy dichotomy, ethicists' morality-therapy dichotomy, impaired autonomy, and the health-illness continuum. It is argued that depression has become our “presiding discontent,” given our preoccupations with identity and self-worth amid rapid social change, eroding community, and increasingly many ways in which our lives are subject to forces over which we have little control. Therapeutic perspectives should complement and merge with moral perspectives, rather than replacing or diluting morality.
Geoffrey Campbell Cocks
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199695676
- eISBN:
- 9780191738616
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199695676.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, European Modern History
Nazi war was a means to Nazi racial extermination. Most Germans were indifferent or hostile to Jews due to traditional attitudes reinforced by Nazi propaganda. Germans also had modern concerns about ...
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Nazi war was a means to Nazi racial extermination. Most Germans were indifferent or hostile to Jews due to traditional attitudes reinforced by Nazi propaganda. Germans also had modern concerns about their own health and illness that were now aggravated by the demands and dangers of a nation at war. This preoccupation with the self and its body was also intensified by the monolithic Nazi fantasy of ‘the Jew’ as an internal morbid enemy of the people's ‘body’ rather than just an external mortal one. Nazi ‘euthanasia’ of mental patients was undertaken under the cover of war, but the German public was well aware of it. This too further reminded the populace of escalating wartime threats to individual well-being and thus pre-empted active concern for the fate of those officially designated as ‘others’. Jews in the ghettos and camps suffered catastrophic incidence of sickness in advance of extermination. Even some Nazi murderers experienced physical and mental stress and breakdown from their ‘work’. And German fear of disease—especially typhus—was occasionally exploited by Europeans, even Jews, subject to Nazi persecution.Less
Nazi war was a means to Nazi racial extermination. Most Germans were indifferent or hostile to Jews due to traditional attitudes reinforced by Nazi propaganda. Germans also had modern concerns about their own health and illness that were now aggravated by the demands and dangers of a nation at war. This preoccupation with the self and its body was also intensified by the monolithic Nazi fantasy of ‘the Jew’ as an internal morbid enemy of the people's ‘body’ rather than just an external mortal one. Nazi ‘euthanasia’ of mental patients was undertaken under the cover of war, but the German public was well aware of it. This too further reminded the populace of escalating wartime threats to individual well-being and thus pre-empted active concern for the fate of those officially designated as ‘others’. Jews in the ghettos and camps suffered catastrophic incidence of sickness in advance of extermination. Even some Nazi murderers experienced physical and mental stress and breakdown from their ‘work’. And German fear of disease—especially typhus—was occasionally exploited by Europeans, even Jews, subject to Nazi persecution.
Elizabeth E. Prevost
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199570744
- eISBN:
- 9780191722097
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199570744.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
This chapter investigates the campaign for female education in Anglican missions in Madagascar through the women's wing of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and particularly through the ...
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This chapter investigates the campaign for female education in Anglican missions in Madagascar through the women's wing of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and particularly through the work of Emily Lawrence and Gertrude King. In the late nineteenth century, missionaries and the indigenous Merina state engaged in a collaborative effort that tied evangelism to education; however, the day‐to‐day work of evangelism involved a constant struggle over the terms and meanings of Christianity, particularly in the context of illness and healing, and the rituals surrounding rites of passage. Moreover, the French colonization of the island in 1895 undermined Protestant hegemony. This chapter traces the how the ideology and practice of residential education responded to this changing political and social context, shifting from a rescue effort for protecting young girls to a professional scheme for training Malagasy women.Less
This chapter investigates the campaign for female education in Anglican missions in Madagascar through the women's wing of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, and particularly through the work of Emily Lawrence and Gertrude King. In the late nineteenth century, missionaries and the indigenous Merina state engaged in a collaborative effort that tied evangelism to education; however, the day‐to‐day work of evangelism involved a constant struggle over the terms and meanings of Christianity, particularly in the context of illness and healing, and the rituals surrounding rites of passage. Moreover, the French colonization of the island in 1895 undermined Protestant hegemony. This chapter traces the how the ideology and practice of residential education responded to this changing political and social context, shifting from a rescue effort for protecting young girls to a professional scheme for training Malagasy women.
Ariel Glucklich
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780195314052
- eISBN:
- 9780199871766
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195314052.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Hinduism
This chapter sets aside the work of the intellectual and cultural elites. It identifies the cultural productivity of the lower classes of Hindu society, including women, low castes, magicians and ...
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This chapter sets aside the work of the intellectual and cultural elites. It identifies the cultural productivity of the lower classes of Hindu society, including women, low castes, magicians and sorcerers, medical practitioners, and others. Much of this material comes from texts like the Atharvaveda, Rig Vidhana, medical literature, and Tantra. The underlying assumption, that religious values are embedded within practical affairs, is carefully examined.Less
This chapter sets aside the work of the intellectual and cultural elites. It identifies the cultural productivity of the lower classes of Hindu society, including women, low castes, magicians and sorcerers, medical practitioners, and others. Much of this material comes from texts like the Atharvaveda, Rig Vidhana, medical literature, and Tantra. The underlying assumption, that religious values are embedded within practical affairs, is carefully examined.
