Roger Keys
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198151609
- eISBN:
- 9780191672767
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198151609.003.0016
- Subject:
- Literature, 20th-century Literature and Modernism, European Literature
Viacheslav Ivanov considered in great detail the position of the artist, who as an individual, might or might not have genuine faith in the existence of some transcendent order. For poets he referred ...
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Viacheslav Ivanov considered in great detail the position of the artist, who as an individual, might or might not have genuine faith in the existence of some transcendent order. For poets he referred to as idealistic symbolists, ‘the symbol, being merely as a means of artistic representation, is nothing other than a signal designed to establish contact between isolated individual consciousness’. For realistic symbolists, ‘the symbol is also a principle linking separate consciousness, of course, but here collective unity is achieved through the mystical vision of a single objective essence, one and the same for all’.Less
Viacheslav Ivanov considered in great detail the position of the artist, who as an individual, might or might not have genuine faith in the existence of some transcendent order. For poets he referred to as idealistic symbolists, ‘the symbol, being merely as a means of artistic representation, is nothing other than a signal designed to establish contact between isolated individual consciousness’. For realistic symbolists, ‘the symbol is also a principle linking separate consciousness, of course, but here collective unity is achieved through the mystical vision of a single objective essence, one and the same for all’.
E. H. H. GREEN
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198205937
- eISBN:
- 9780191717116
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205937.003.0003
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This chapter explores the influence of English idealist thought on Conservatism in the period c.1880-1914, and suggests that the ideas of T. H. Green and his fellow Oxford idealists may have had as ...
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This chapter explores the influence of English idealist thought on Conservatism in the period c.1880-1914, and suggests that the ideas of T. H. Green and his fellow Oxford idealists may have had as important a resonance for Conservatives as they did for Liberals. Furthermore, by examining the Conservative collectivist ideas of an effectively unknown thinker, Arthur Boutwood, alongside those of better-known Conservative thinkers such as the historical economists W. J. Ashley, W. Cunningham, and W. A. S. Hewins, and the Compatriots Club, the chapter presents the first of the book's attempts to stress the importance of the ‘middlebrow’ in Conservative thought.Less
This chapter explores the influence of English idealist thought on Conservatism in the period c.1880-1914, and suggests that the ideas of T. H. Green and his fellow Oxford idealists may have had as important a resonance for Conservatives as they did for Liberals. Furthermore, by examining the Conservative collectivist ideas of an effectively unknown thinker, Arthur Boutwood, alongside those of better-known Conservative thinkers such as the historical economists W. J. Ashley, W. Cunningham, and W. A. S. Hewins, and the Compatriots Club, the chapter presents the first of the book's attempts to stress the importance of the ‘middlebrow’ in Conservative thought.
Michael Freeden
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198294146
- eISBN:
- 9780191599323
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019829414X.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
An examination of J. S. Mill's ideational legatees offers a useful insight into ideological variation, since later liberals constantly alluded to Mill as a yardstick by which to measure their own ...
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An examination of J. S. Mill's ideational legatees offers a useful insight into ideological variation, since later liberals constantly alluded to Mill as a yardstick by which to measure their own attainments; we thus face a tradition consciously absorbed and recreated by a new generation of ideological consumers, employing common points of reference to forge a sense of ideological community through expanding horizons. The Millite paradigm of the previous chapter becomes pivotal not merely as a preference of the analyst of ideologies, but because so many shapers of liberalism believed Mill to be pivotal; assessment of their contributions on the basis of that perception is methodologically justified, and moreover, from the historical perspective, a period offering instances of both ideological continuity and change is optimally suited to studying ideological diversity and conceptual mutability. In answer to the question of how the core concepts of liberty, individualism, progress, rationality, the general interest, sociability, limited, and responsible power fared in the hands of the Millite succession, it is contended in this chapter that they all remained constituents of the liberal core, but that some underwent redecontesting owing to changing scientific fashion, new sets of ethico‐cultural beliefs, and specific events that made their mark on ideological assumptions. The final feature of liberalism—structural tolerance—was a key facilitator in that process, allowing critical distancing from the modernist project with which liberalism was associated. The eight sections of the chapter are: (a) The idealist liberalism of T. H. Green; (b) Perimeter practices and adjacent aftermaths; (c) The new liberalism: the evolution of an ideology (d) The changing adjacencies of liberty; (e) The organic analogy; (f) Fleshing out the new liberal morphology; (g) State, group, and society: the German case; and (h) state, group, and society: the French case.Less
An examination of J. S. Mill's ideational legatees offers a useful insight into ideological variation, since later liberals constantly alluded to Mill as a yardstick by which to measure their own attainments; we thus face a tradition consciously absorbed and recreated by a new generation of ideological consumers, employing common points of reference to forge a sense of ideological community through expanding horizons. The Millite paradigm of the previous chapter becomes pivotal not merely as a preference of the analyst of ideologies, but because so many shapers of liberalism believed Mill to be pivotal; assessment of their contributions on the basis of that perception is methodologically justified, and moreover, from the historical perspective, a period offering instances of both ideological continuity and change is optimally suited to studying ideological diversity and conceptual mutability. In answer to the question of how the core concepts of liberty, individualism, progress, rationality, the general interest, sociability, limited, and responsible power fared in the hands of the Millite succession, it is contended in this chapter that they all remained constituents of the liberal core, but that some underwent redecontesting owing to changing scientific fashion, new sets of ethico‐cultural beliefs, and specific events that made their mark on ideological assumptions. The final feature of liberalism—structural tolerance—was a key facilitator in that process, allowing critical distancing from the modernist project with which liberalism was associated. The eight sections of the chapter are: (a) The idealist liberalism of T. H. Green; (b) Perimeter practices and adjacent aftermaths; (c) The new liberalism: the evolution of an ideology (d) The changing adjacencies of liberty; (e) The organic analogy; (f) Fleshing out the new liberal morphology; (g) State, group, and society: the German case; and (h) state, group, and society: the French case.
David O. Brink
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266401
- eISBN:
- 9780191600906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266409.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This introductory chapter presents a brief background on T. H. Green, one of the most important and influential 19th-century British idealists at Oxford, and his major philosophical work, The ...
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This introductory chapter presents a brief background on T. H. Green, one of the most important and influential 19th-century British idealists at Oxford, and his major philosophical work, The Prolegomena to Ethics, published posthumously in 1883. The Prolegomena has been out of print for over thirty years and has become a neglected classic in the history of ethics. This neglect means that Green's ethical theory is not widely understood or appreciated. The book seeks to help renew interest in and appreciation of Green's ethical theory.Less
This introductory chapter presents a brief background on T. H. Green, one of the most important and influential 19th-century British idealists at Oxford, and his major philosophical work, The Prolegomena to Ethics, published posthumously in 1883. The Prolegomena has been out of print for over thirty years and has become a neglected classic in the history of ethics. This neglect means that Green's ethical theory is not widely understood or appreciated. The book seeks to help renew interest in and appreciation of Green's ethical theory.
David O. Brink
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266401
- eISBN:
- 9780191600906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266409.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This introductory chapter presents a brief background on T. H. Green, one of the most important and influential 19th-century British idealists at Oxford,and his major philosophical work, The ...
More
This introductory chapter presents a brief background on T. H. Green, one of the most important and influential 19th-century British idealists at Oxford,and his major philosophical work, The Prolegomena to Ethics, published posthumously in 1883. The Prolegomena has been out of print for over thirty years and has become a neglected classic in the history of ethics. This neglect means that Green's ethical theory is not widely understood or appreciated. The book seeks to help renew interest in and appreciation of Green's ethical theory.Less
This introductory chapter presents a brief background on T. H. Green, one of the most important and influential 19th-century British idealists at Oxford,and his major philosophical work, The Prolegomena to Ethics, published posthumously in 1883. The Prolegomena has been out of print for over thirty years and has become a neglected classic in the history of ethics. This neglect means that Green's ethical theory is not widely understood or appreciated. The book seeks to help renew interest in and appreciation of Green's ethical theory.
David O. Brink
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266401
- eISBN:
- 9780191600906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266409.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter focuses on Green's views on idealism. Among these is his belief that that there are obstacles to the idealist conclusion that account for the plausibility of empiricist and Kantian ...
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This chapter focuses on Green's views on idealism. Among these is his belief that that there are obstacles to the idealist conclusion that account for the plausibility of empiricist and Kantian dualisms between the world of appearances and things as they are independently of appearance. He believes that Kantian dualism is unnecessary. Green's views about moral responsibility also presuppose that the self is not outside space and time but rather plays a crucial role as the cause of responsible action.Less
This chapter focuses on Green's views on idealism. Among these is his belief that that there are obstacles to the idealist conclusion that account for the plausibility of empiricist and Kantian dualisms between the world of appearances and things as they are independently of appearance. He believes that Kantian dualism is unnecessary. Green's views about moral responsibility also presuppose that the self is not outside space and time but rather plays a crucial role as the cause of responsible action.
David O. Brink
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- April 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780199266401
- eISBN:
- 9780191600906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199266409.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter focuses on Green's views on absolute idealism. Green's believes that knowledge and, hence, inquiry presuppose absolute idealism: ‘That there is an unalterable order of relations, if we ...
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This chapter focuses on Green's views on absolute idealism. Green's believes that knowledge and, hence, inquiry presuppose absolute idealism: ‘That there is an unalterable order of relations, if we could only find it out, is the presupposition of all our enquiry into the real nature of appearances; and such unalterableness implies their inclusion in one system which leaves nothing outside itself’. Green recognizes that this may not seem to answer the sceptic who doubts that there is such a system of relations. But he insists that in doubting that there may be an order of relations underlying our individual appearances, the sceptic necessarily presupposes the existence of such an order. This argument aims to show that attempts to articulate scepticism are self-refuting.Less
This chapter focuses on Green's views on absolute idealism. Green's believes that knowledge and, hence, inquiry presuppose absolute idealism: ‘That there is an unalterable order of relations, if we could only find it out, is the presupposition of all our enquiry into the real nature of appearances; and such unalterableness implies their inclusion in one system which leaves nothing outside itself’. Green recognizes that this may not seem to answer the sceptic who doubts that there is such a system of relations. But he insists that in doubting that there may be an order of relations underlying our individual appearances, the sceptic necessarily presupposes the existence of such an order. This argument aims to show that attempts to articulate scepticism are self-refuting.
T.L.S. Sprigge
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199283040
- eISBN:
- 9780191603662
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199283044.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter examines the philosophy of T. H. Green, the initial leading figure among the absolute idealists who dominated British philosophy in the late 19th century. Green sought to establish that ...
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This chapter examines the philosophy of T. H. Green, the initial leading figure among the absolute idealists who dominated British philosophy in the late 19th century. Green sought to establish that the existence and nature of human beings, especially of the human mind, was not susceptible of a purely empirical or scientific explanation. He claimed that the only possible explanation involved reference to the existence of an Eternal Consciousness, which was gradually realizing itself in the temporal world, more especially in the life of human beings. Further issues in his philosophy are examined, such as that things count as real only if they are in unchanging relations to each other, the difference between negative and positive freedom, the nature of moral choice, the superiority of a virtue ethic to a utilitarian one.Less
This chapter examines the philosophy of T. H. Green, the initial leading figure among the absolute idealists who dominated British philosophy in the late 19th century. Green sought to establish that the existence and nature of human beings, especially of the human mind, was not susceptible of a purely empirical or scientific explanation. He claimed that the only possible explanation involved reference to the existence of an Eternal Consciousness, which was gradually realizing itself in the temporal world, more especially in the life of human beings. Further issues in his philosophy are examined, such as that things count as real only if they are in unchanging relations to each other, the difference between negative and positive freedom, the nature of moral choice, the superiority of a virtue ethic to a utilitarian one.
Karl Ameriks
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199205349
- eISBN:
- 9780191709272
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199205349.003.0012
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter presents a brief discussion of Frederick Beiser's massive German Idealism: The Struggle against Subjectivism 1781-1801, which focuses mainly on the treatment of Kant and concerns about ...
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This chapter presents a brief discussion of Frederick Beiser's massive German Idealism: The Struggle against Subjectivism 1781-1801, which focuses mainly on the treatment of Kant and concerns about subjectivism. It agrees with Beiser that, contrary to still common presumptions, the philosophy of Kant and the later Idealists is primarily oriented against, rather than toward, a position of subjectivism. It further argues that rather than speaking of a ‘diminishing role’ of subjectivism in this era, it can be held that with Kant the era was solidly anti-subjectivist from the start.Less
This chapter presents a brief discussion of Frederick Beiser's massive German Idealism: The Struggle against Subjectivism 1781-1801, which focuses mainly on the treatment of Kant and concerns about subjectivism. It agrees with Beiser that, contrary to still common presumptions, the philosophy of Kant and the later Idealists is primarily oriented against, rather than toward, a position of subjectivism. It further argues that rather than speaking of a ‘diminishing role’ of subjectivism in this era, it can be held that with Kant the era was solidly anti-subjectivist from the start.
E. H. H. Green
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198205937
- eISBN:
- 9780191717116
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205937.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This book investigates developments and changes in the nature of Conservative political thought and the meaning of Conservatism throughout the 20th century. Starting from the Edwardian crisis under ...
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This book investigates developments and changes in the nature of Conservative political thought and the meaning of Conservatism throughout the 20th century. Starting from the Edwardian crisis under Arthur Balfour, the study explores the Conservative mind through a series of chapters that examine how Conservative thinkers, politicians, and activists sought to define the problems they faced, what they thought they were arguing against, and what audiences they were seeking to reach. Topics covered include the influence of the English Idealists, the ideas of Arthur Steel-Maitland, the ending of the 1922 coalition with the Lloyd George Liberals, Conservative Book Clubs, the political economy of Harold Macmillan, the resignation of the Conservative Treasury team under Peter Thorneycroft in 1958, the ideological origins of the Thatcherite revolution under Margaret Thatcher, and Conservative ideas on the role of the State and civil society. It concludes that Conservatism, as articulated throughout the 20th century, can be clearly defined and recognises Thatcherism as a significant departure from previous 20th-century Conservative thought.Less
This book investigates developments and changes in the nature of Conservative political thought and the meaning of Conservatism throughout the 20th century. Starting from the Edwardian crisis under Arthur Balfour, the study explores the Conservative mind through a series of chapters that examine how Conservative thinkers, politicians, and activists sought to define the problems they faced, what they thought they were arguing against, and what audiences they were seeking to reach. Topics covered include the influence of the English Idealists, the ideas of Arthur Steel-Maitland, the ending of the 1922 coalition with the Lloyd George Liberals, Conservative Book Clubs, the political economy of Harold Macmillan, the resignation of the Conservative Treasury team under Peter Thorneycroft in 1958, the ideological origins of the Thatcherite revolution under Margaret Thatcher, and Conservative ideas on the role of the State and civil society. It concludes that Conservatism, as articulated throughout the 20th century, can be clearly defined and recognises Thatcherism as a significant departure from previous 20th-century Conservative thought.
Tim Dunne
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262948
- eISBN:
- 9780191734762
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262948.003.0013
- Subject:
- Political Science, UK Politics
After considering the vexed question of whether it is possible to speak of a collective identity shared by scholars working in Britain, this chapter examines the debate surrounding the birth of ...
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After considering the vexed question of whether it is possible to speak of a collective identity shared by scholars working in Britain, this chapter examines the debate surrounding the birth of international relations in the aftermath of the First World War. It discusses the arguments mobilized by E. H. Carr against the so-called idealists. This leads into a discussion of the evolution of a distinctive voice in British international relations that sought to overcome the realist–idealist dualism which defined what has become known as the first ‘great debate’. The conclusion briefly considers how far contemporary thinking on international relations builds on this attempt to set out an agenda that was both different from politics as traditionally conceived, and different from international relations as pursued in the United States.Less
After considering the vexed question of whether it is possible to speak of a collective identity shared by scholars working in Britain, this chapter examines the debate surrounding the birth of international relations in the aftermath of the First World War. It discusses the arguments mobilized by E. H. Carr against the so-called idealists. This leads into a discussion of the evolution of a distinctive voice in British international relations that sought to overcome the realist–idealist dualism which defined what has become known as the first ‘great debate’. The conclusion briefly considers how far contemporary thinking on international relations builds on this attempt to set out an agenda that was both different from politics as traditionally conceived, and different from international relations as pursued in the United States.
E. H. H. GREEN
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780198205937
- eISBN:
- 9780191717116
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198205937.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, Political History
This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the purpose of this book, which is to explore aspects of the ideas, values, arguments, and beliefs that have informed Conservative thought in the ...
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This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the purpose of this book, which is to explore aspects of the ideas, values, arguments, and beliefs that have informed Conservative thought in the 20th century. Conservative ideological debate is sampled and discussed at a number of key points in the party's history. The chapters cover the political economy of Arthur Balfour, English idealist thought, the ideas of Arthur Steel-Maitland, the end of the coalition with the Liberals in 1922, Conservative Book Clubs of the 1930s, the political economy of Harold Macmillan, the resignation of the Conservative Treasury team in 1958, the ideological origins of the Thatcherite revolution and finally, Conservative ideas concerning the role of the State in relation to social and economic policy during the 20th century.Less
This introductory chapter begins with a discussion of the purpose of this book, which is to explore aspects of the ideas, values, arguments, and beliefs that have informed Conservative thought in the 20th century. Conservative ideological debate is sampled and discussed at a number of key points in the party's history. The chapters cover the political economy of Arthur Balfour, English idealist thought, the ideas of Arthur Steel-Maitland, the end of the coalition with the Liberals in 1922, Conservative Book Clubs of the 1930s, the political economy of Harold Macmillan, the resignation of the Conservative Treasury team in 1958, the ideological origins of the Thatcherite revolution and finally, Conservative ideas concerning the role of the State in relation to social and economic policy during the 20th century.
Joshua Billings
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691159232
- eISBN:
- 9781400852505
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691159232.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
Why did Greek tragedy and “the tragic” come to be seen as essential to conceptions of modernity? And how has this belief affected modern understandings of Greek drama? This book answers these and ...
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Why did Greek tragedy and “the tragic” come to be seen as essential to conceptions of modernity? And how has this belief affected modern understandings of Greek drama? This book answers these and related questions by tracing the emergence of the modern theory of the tragic, which was first developed around 1800 by thinkers associated with German Idealism. The book argues that the idea of the tragic arose in response to a new consciousness of history in the late eighteenth century, which spurred theorists to see Greek tragedy as both a unique, historically remote form and a timeless literary genre full of meaning for the present. The book offers a new interpretation of the theories of Schiller, Schelling, Hegel, Hölderlin, and others, as mediations between these historicizing and universalizing impulses, and shows the roots of their approaches in earlier discussions of Greek tragedy in Germany, France, and England. By examining eighteenth-century readings of tragedy and the interactions between idealist thinkers in detail, the book offers the most comprehensive historical account of the tragic to date, as well as the fullest explanation of why and how the idea was used to make sense of modernity. It argues that idealist theories remain fundamental to contemporary interpretations of Greek tragedy, and calls for a renewed engagement with philosophical questions in criticism of tragedy.Less
Why did Greek tragedy and “the tragic” come to be seen as essential to conceptions of modernity? And how has this belief affected modern understandings of Greek drama? This book answers these and related questions by tracing the emergence of the modern theory of the tragic, which was first developed around 1800 by thinkers associated with German Idealism. The book argues that the idea of the tragic arose in response to a new consciousness of history in the late eighteenth century, which spurred theorists to see Greek tragedy as both a unique, historically remote form and a timeless literary genre full of meaning for the present. The book offers a new interpretation of the theories of Schiller, Schelling, Hegel, Hölderlin, and others, as mediations between these historicizing and universalizing impulses, and shows the roots of their approaches in earlier discussions of Greek tragedy in Germany, France, and England. By examining eighteenth-century readings of tragedy and the interactions between idealist thinkers in detail, the book offers the most comprehensive historical account of the tragic to date, as well as the fullest explanation of why and how the idea was used to make sense of modernity. It argues that idealist theories remain fundamental to contemporary interpretations of Greek tragedy, and calls for a renewed engagement with philosophical questions in criticism of tragedy.
John Foster
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- May 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199297139
- eISBN:
- 9780191711398
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199297139.003.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
There are two rival views of the nature of physical-item perception: the fundamentalist view, which takes the perceptual relationship between the subject and the perceived physical item to be ...
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There are two rival views of the nature of physical-item perception: the fundamentalist view, which takes the perceptual relationship between the subject and the perceived physical item to be psychologically fundamental, and the decompositional view, which takes this relationship to be constituted by the subject's being in some further (not in itself physically perceptive) psychological state, together with certain additional facts. These views of physical-item perception are exhaustive. But if we retain our allegiance to the common-sense assumption that the physical world has an existence which is logically independent of the human mind, it turns out that neither view can be satisfactorily developed. The only way of developing an intelligible account of how physical items form objects of perceptual awareness would be by abandoning the assumption of mind independence and adopting an idealist account of the physical world — one which represents the world as something whose existence is constituted by facts about human sensory experience, or by some richer complex in which such experiential facts centrally feature.Less
There are two rival views of the nature of physical-item perception: the fundamentalist view, which takes the perceptual relationship between the subject and the perceived physical item to be psychologically fundamental, and the decompositional view, which takes this relationship to be constituted by the subject's being in some further (not in itself physically perceptive) psychological state, together with certain additional facts. These views of physical-item perception are exhaustive. But if we retain our allegiance to the common-sense assumption that the physical world has an existence which is logically independent of the human mind, it turns out that neither view can be satisfactorily developed. The only way of developing an intelligible account of how physical items form objects of perceptual awareness would be by abandoning the assumption of mind independence and adopting an idealist account of the physical world — one which represents the world as something whose existence is constituted by facts about human sensory experience, or by some richer complex in which such experiential facts centrally feature.
Lucy Newlyn
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198187110
- eISBN:
- 9780191674631
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198187110.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
This book bridges a perceived gulf between materialist and idealist approaches to the reader. Informed by an historical awareness of Romantic hermeneutics and its later developments (as well as by an ...
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This book bridges a perceived gulf between materialist and idealist approaches to the reader. Informed by an historical awareness of Romantic hermeneutics and its later developments (as well as by an understanding of the circumstances conditioning the production and consumption of literature in this period), the book explores how readers are imagined, addressed, figured, and theorised in Romantic poetry and criticism (1790–1830). Models of canon-formation, intertextuality and reader-response are examined alongside the existence of reading-coteries, the social practices of reading, and reforms in copyright. Consideration is given to the philosophical and ideological influences which bear upon the status of reading at this time, as well as to the educational theories and practices which underpin reading-habits. Non-canonical writers are included, and special attention is given to the emergence of women's poetry — its repercussions for the poetics of reception.Less
This book bridges a perceived gulf between materialist and idealist approaches to the reader. Informed by an historical awareness of Romantic hermeneutics and its later developments (as well as by an understanding of the circumstances conditioning the production and consumption of literature in this period), the book explores how readers are imagined, addressed, figured, and theorised in Romantic poetry and criticism (1790–1830). Models of canon-formation, intertextuality and reader-response are examined alongside the existence of reading-coteries, the social practices of reading, and reforms in copyright. Consideration is given to the philosophical and ideological influences which bear upon the status of reading at this time, as well as to the educational theories and practices which underpin reading-habits. Non-canonical writers are included, and special attention is given to the emergence of women's poetry — its repercussions for the poetics of reception.
Matthew Bell
- Published in print:
- 1994
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198158943
- eISBN:
- 9780191673429
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198158943.003.0005
- Subject:
- Literature, European Literature, 19th-century Literature and Romanticism
This chapter focuses on Goethe's empirical psychology, which he developed whilst working on the history of colour theory. By studying the work of other scientists, Goethe gained insights into the ...
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This chapter focuses on Goethe's empirical psychology, which he developed whilst working on the history of colour theory. By studying the work of other scientists, Goethe gained insights into the relations between empirical data, experimentation, and theorizing. The chapter shows how aspects of his empirical psychology were developed further in the Farbenlehre and exploited creatively in Die Wahlverwandtschaften. First, though, it turns to two immediate products of the new thinking: the biographical sketch of 1805, Winckelmann und sein Jahrhundert, and the Festspiel of 1807, Pandora.Less
This chapter focuses on Goethe's empirical psychology, which he developed whilst working on the history of colour theory. By studying the work of other scientists, Goethe gained insights into the relations between empirical data, experimentation, and theorizing. The chapter shows how aspects of his empirical psychology were developed further in the Farbenlehre and exploited creatively in Die Wahlverwandtschaften. First, though, it turns to two immediate products of the new thinking: the biographical sketch of 1805, Winckelmann und sein Jahrhundert, and the Festspiel of 1807, Pandora.
RICHARD S. DUNN
- Published in print:
- 1993
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198202295
- eISBN:
- 9780191675270
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198202295.003.0015
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
Richard S. Dunn, the author of this chapter, focuses on William Penn's lifelong effort to translate unconventional and unpopular personal convictions into purposeful and effective public action. He ...
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Richard S. Dunn, the author of this chapter, focuses on William Penn's lifelong effort to translate unconventional and unpopular personal convictions into purposeful and effective public action. He observes that as the circumstances of his career changed, Penn articulated his private beliefs in strikingly different ways. Dunn provides the four distinct phases to Penn's public life: between 1667 and 1679, as a young Quaker idealist, he felt inspired by God to challenge the religious and political establishment in England openly and aggressively; during 1680 to 1684, when he founded a colony in America, Penn abruptly reformulated this public posture; from 1685 to 1688 Penn tried to promote religious toleration by serving James II's confidential adviser and agent; and, from 1689 onwards, he was generally on the defensive, his public pronouncements becoming more conventional, consisting mainly of moral advice on how to lead a virtuous life.Less
Richard S. Dunn, the author of this chapter, focuses on William Penn's lifelong effort to translate unconventional and unpopular personal convictions into purposeful and effective public action. He observes that as the circumstances of his career changed, Penn articulated his private beliefs in strikingly different ways. Dunn provides the four distinct phases to Penn's public life: between 1667 and 1679, as a young Quaker idealist, he felt inspired by God to challenge the religious and political establishment in England openly and aggressively; during 1680 to 1684, when he founded a colony in America, Penn abruptly reformulated this public posture; from 1685 to 1688 Penn tried to promote religious toleration by serving James II's confidential adviser and agent; and, from 1689 onwards, he was generally on the defensive, his public pronouncements becoming more conventional, consisting mainly of moral advice on how to lead a virtuous life.
John J. O’Meara
- Published in print:
- 1988
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198266747
- eISBN:
- 9780191683084
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198266747.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
This book deals with Johannes Scottus Eriugena, an Irish scholar at the Court of Charles the Bald in France in the second half of the 9th century — to be clearly distinguished from John Duns Scotus ...
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This book deals with Johannes Scottus Eriugena, an Irish scholar at the Court of Charles the Bald in France in the second half of the 9th century — to be clearly distinguished from John Duns Scotus (1264–1308), after whom ‘Scotist’ philosophy is named. Eriugena’s main work, Periphyseon (de divisione naturae), is a remarkable attempt at a real intellectual synthesis between the Bible and Neoplatonist philosophy. It was not looked upon with great favour in the West except by the mystics and, more recently, by German Idealist philosophers of the last century. Now, however, because of the growth of interest in Medieval Studies, there is an increasing curiosity about Eriugena and his work — but there has been no comprehensive book about him since that of M. Cappuyns in 1933. Bringing together the results of the most recent research on Eriugena, this book discusses his background in Ireland and life in France, and of his career as teacher, controversialist, translator, and poet. It gives an extended and careful summary of the Periphyseon, and the first translation into English of the brief Homily on the Prologue to St. John’s Gospel.Less
This book deals with Johannes Scottus Eriugena, an Irish scholar at the Court of Charles the Bald in France in the second half of the 9th century — to be clearly distinguished from John Duns Scotus (1264–1308), after whom ‘Scotist’ philosophy is named. Eriugena’s main work, Periphyseon (de divisione naturae), is a remarkable attempt at a real intellectual synthesis between the Bible and Neoplatonist philosophy. It was not looked upon with great favour in the West except by the mystics and, more recently, by German Idealist philosophers of the last century. Now, however, because of the growth of interest in Medieval Studies, there is an increasing curiosity about Eriugena and his work — but there has been no comprehensive book about him since that of M. Cappuyns in 1933. Bringing together the results of the most recent research on Eriugena, this book discusses his background in Ireland and life in France, and of his career as teacher, controversialist, translator, and poet. It gives an extended and careful summary of the Periphyseon, and the first translation into English of the brief Homily on the Prologue to St. John’s Gospel.
Frederick C. Beiser
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199691555
- eISBN:
- 9780191731839
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691555.003.0013
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
Chapter 12 is a close examination of the early philosophy of history of Georg Simmel (1858–1918). The first sections discuss Simmel's early intellectual development and the early influences on the ...
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Chapter 12 is a close examination of the early philosophy of history of Georg Simmel (1858–1918). The first sections discuss Simmel's early intellectual development and the early influences on the development of his sociology. A separate section is devoted to Lazarus's and Steinthal's Völkerpsychologie, which was an important development in the historicist tradition. The heart of the chapter is devoted to Simmel's early idealist theory of history, his views on the laws of history. A final section is devoted to his early historicist critique of ethics.Less
Chapter 12 is a close examination of the early philosophy of history of Georg Simmel (1858–1918). The first sections discuss Simmel's early intellectual development and the early influences on the development of his sociology. A separate section is devoted to Lazarus's and Steinthal's Völkerpsychologie, which was an important development in the historicist tradition. The heart of the chapter is devoted to Simmel's early idealist theory of history, his views on the laws of history. A final section is devoted to his early historicist critique of ethics.
Anthony Quinton
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199694556
- eISBN:
- 9780191731938
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199694556.003.0009
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
T. H. Green was not only the first significant English idealist, in the more or less Germanic sense of the term. He was also one of the first English professional philosophers since the Cambridge ...
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T. H. Green was not only the first significant English idealist, in the more or less Germanic sense of the term. He was also one of the first English professional philosophers since the Cambridge Platonists. There had been rumblings of Germanic idealism before Green came into view, in Coleridge and J. H. Stirling, but they were more of a kind to excite interest than to reward close study. Green was the true originator of the school and was clearly so regarded by his contemporaries, as is made clear by the devotional tone of the Essays in Philosophical Criticism that came out just after his death. This chapter subjects the ‘metaphysics of knowledge’ presented in the first eighty or so pages of the Prolegomena to Ethics to critical examination. Its main theses are that mind cannot be part of nature since it makes nature.Less
T. H. Green was not only the first significant English idealist, in the more or less Germanic sense of the term. He was also one of the first English professional philosophers since the Cambridge Platonists. There had been rumblings of Germanic idealism before Green came into view, in Coleridge and J. H. Stirling, but they were more of a kind to excite interest than to reward close study. Green was the true originator of the school and was clearly so regarded by his contemporaries, as is made clear by the devotional tone of the Essays in Philosophical Criticism that came out just after his death. This chapter subjects the ‘metaphysics of knowledge’ presented in the first eighty or so pages of the Prolegomena to Ethics to critical examination. Its main theses are that mind cannot be part of nature since it makes nature.