Jason Moralee
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- December 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190492274
- eISBN:
- 9780190492298
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190492274.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, World History: BCE to 500CE
Rome’s Capitoline Hill was the smallest of the Seven Hills of Rome. Yet in the long history of the Roman state it was the empire’s holy mountain. The hill was the setting of many of Rome’s most ...
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Rome’s Capitoline Hill was the smallest of the Seven Hills of Rome. Yet in the long history of the Roman state it was the empire’s holy mountain. The hill was the setting of many of Rome’s most beloved stories, involving Aeneas, Romulus, Tarpeia, and Manlius. It also held significant monuments, including the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, a location that marked the spot where Jupiter made the hill his earthly home in the age before humanity. This book follows the history of the Capitoline Hill into late antiquity and the early Middle Ages, asking what happened to a holy mountain as the empire that deemed it thus became a Christian republic. This is not a history of the hill’s tonnage of marble- and gold-bedecked monuments but, rather, an investigation into how the hill was used, imagined, and known from the third to the seventh century CE. During this time, the triumph and other processions to the top of the hill were no longer enacted. But the hill persisted as a densely populated urban zone and continued to supply a bridge to fragmented memories of an increasingly remote past through its toponyms. This book is also about a series of Christian engagements with the Capitoline Hill’s different registers of memory, the transmission and dissection of anecdotes, and the invention of alternate understandings of the hill’s role in Roman history. What lingered long after the state’s disintegration in the fifth century were the hill’s associations with the raw power of Rome’s empire.Less
Rome’s Capitoline Hill was the smallest of the Seven Hills of Rome. Yet in the long history of the Roman state it was the empire’s holy mountain. The hill was the setting of many of Rome’s most beloved stories, involving Aeneas, Romulus, Tarpeia, and Manlius. It also held significant monuments, including the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus, a location that marked the spot where Jupiter made the hill his earthly home in the age before humanity. This book follows the history of the Capitoline Hill into late antiquity and the early Middle Ages, asking what happened to a holy mountain as the empire that deemed it thus became a Christian republic. This is not a history of the hill’s tonnage of marble- and gold-bedecked monuments but, rather, an investigation into how the hill was used, imagined, and known from the third to the seventh century CE. During this time, the triumph and other processions to the top of the hill were no longer enacted. But the hill persisted as a densely populated urban zone and continued to supply a bridge to fragmented memories of an increasingly remote past through its toponyms. This book is also about a series of Christian engagements with the Capitoline Hill’s different registers of memory, the transmission and dissection of anecdotes, and the invention of alternate understandings of the hill’s role in Roman history. What lingered long after the state’s disintegration in the fifth century were the hill’s associations with the raw power of Rome’s empire.
Philipp Niewöhner
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190610463
- eISBN:
- 9780190610487
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190610463.003.0010
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical, European History: BCE to 500CE
There is little evidence for continuity from the early to the later Byzantine periods among the monasteries of Anatolia. In large parts of the countryside, the Arab raids may have caused a disruption ...
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There is little evidence for continuity from the early to the later Byzantine periods among the monasteries of Anatolia. In large parts of the countryside, the Arab raids may have caused a disruption of the earlier tradition. Most later foundations were located elsewhere, typically on holy mountains and in more remote locations, which suggests less integration with the civilian population. The “‘inscribed cross” or “cross-in-square” church became standard and may originally have been devised for monastic communities without a lay congregation. While some of the early monasteries with large and regular courtyards and grand façades were reminiscent of aristocratic mansions, later layouts were often determined by fortifications. Evidence for urban monasteries is scarce until the later eleventh century, when they seem to have become more numerous, probably due to a general revival of Anatolian cities as refuges against the arriving Turks.Less
There is little evidence for continuity from the early to the later Byzantine periods among the monasteries of Anatolia. In large parts of the countryside, the Arab raids may have caused a disruption of the earlier tradition. Most later foundations were located elsewhere, typically on holy mountains and in more remote locations, which suggests less integration with the civilian population. The “‘inscribed cross” or “cross-in-square” church became standard and may originally have been devised for monastic communities without a lay congregation. While some of the early monasteries with large and regular courtyards and grand façades were reminiscent of aristocratic mansions, later layouts were often determined by fortifications. Evidence for urban monasteries is scarce until the later eleventh century, when they seem to have become more numerous, probably due to a general revival of Anatolian cities as refuges against the arriving Turks.
Urs Peschlow
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190610463
- eISBN:
- 9780190610487
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190610463.003.0023
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical, European History: BCE to 500CE
The Latmos is a volcanic mountain in the eastern hinterland of Miletus, on the Aegean coast that is now Lake Bafa. Early Byzantine monuments have only been identified inside the two largest ...
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The Latmos is a volcanic mountain in the eastern hinterland of Miletus, on the Aegean coast that is now Lake Bafa. Early Byzantine monuments have only been identified inside the two largest settlements on the see/lakeshore, the city of Heracleia and the town of Ioniapolis. According to a lack of any later monuments, urban life at Heracleia and Ioniapolis appears to have been discontinued after the early Byzantine period. Middle Byzantine settlement activities are only attested for anchorite or monastic sites in the rural hinterland. The mountain became the focus from the seventh century onwards, when monks and anchorites from the Arabian Peninsula sought refuge there, as their homeland was conquered by the Arabs. Today the most numerous and best-preserved monuments, including monasteries, chapels, fortifications, watchtowers, settlements, and painted caves, date from twelfth and the first half of the thirteenth century, when the local monasticism flourished for the last time.Less
The Latmos is a volcanic mountain in the eastern hinterland of Miletus, on the Aegean coast that is now Lake Bafa. Early Byzantine monuments have only been identified inside the two largest settlements on the see/lakeshore, the city of Heracleia and the town of Ioniapolis. According to a lack of any later monuments, urban life at Heracleia and Ioniapolis appears to have been discontinued after the early Byzantine period. Middle Byzantine settlement activities are only attested for anchorite or monastic sites in the rural hinterland. The mountain became the focus from the seventh century onwards, when monks and anchorites from the Arabian Peninsula sought refuge there, as their homeland was conquered by the Arabs. Today the most numerous and best-preserved monuments, including monasteries, chapels, fortifications, watchtowers, settlements, and painted caves, date from twelfth and the first half of the thirteenth century, when the local monasticism flourished for the last time.
