Constanze Güthenke
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199212989
- eISBN:
- 9780191594205
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199212989.003.0007
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Prose and Writers: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter takes the example of the Greek classical philologist Ioannis Sykoutris (1901–37) to show the interplay between classical scholarship and national discourses. Sykoutris's controversial ...
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This chapter takes the example of the Greek classical philologist Ioannis Sykoutris (1901–37) to show the interplay between classical scholarship and national discourses. Sykoutris's controversial edition of Plato's Symposium (1934) invites reflection on how the role of the classical scholar, with implications for national education, is in turn inscribed in the scholarly presentation and interpretation of classical works. In Greece, nationalism was and is tied to classical antiquity in a particularly strong and complex way; even so, a detailed reading of Sykoutris's often programmatic philology, which is in dialogue with his extensive German training, exemplifies how strands of argument underlying different national classical discourses in the early twentieth century link philology, the individual, and the nation in similar and transnational ways.Less
This chapter takes the example of the Greek classical philologist Ioannis Sykoutris (1901–37) to show the interplay between classical scholarship and national discourses. Sykoutris's controversial edition of Plato's Symposium (1934) invites reflection on how the role of the classical scholar, with implications for national education, is in turn inscribed in the scholarly presentation and interpretation of classical works. In Greece, nationalism was and is tied to classical antiquity in a particularly strong and complex way; even so, a detailed reading of Sykoutris's often programmatic philology, which is in dialogue with his extensive German training, exemplifies how strands of argument underlying different national classical discourses in the early twentieth century link philology, the individual, and the nation in similar and transnational ways.
Michael Ledger-Lomas
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780197265871
- eISBN:
- 9780191772030
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265871.003.0004
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History
E. A. Freeman’s distaste for Erastianism, his contempt for Whigs, and his equivocal interventions in debates on disestablishment and disendowment are well-attested. Yet the career of Arthur Penrhyn ...
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E. A. Freeman’s distaste for Erastianism, his contempt for Whigs, and his equivocal interventions in debates on disestablishment and disendowment are well-attested. Yet the career of Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (1815–81) reveals that Whig liberalism remained a historiographical force in Freeman’s time. Although Stanley was dismissed by Freeman as a slapdash historian, as dean of Westminster Abbey (1864–81) Stanley developed a vision of historical scholarship that could support an Erastian defence of established churches. Stanley curated the Abbey to show how the established church had been interwoven with the national past. There and elsewhere in Britain, he sought to pacify Nonconformist advocates of disestablishment by remembering their heroes as national not sectarian figures. This essay surveys Stanley’s energetic involvement in controversies over disestablishment and contrasts it with Freeman’s scholarly detachment, concluding that despite the differences between them, neither historian made much impact on Nonconformist minds.Less
E. A. Freeman’s distaste for Erastianism, his contempt for Whigs, and his equivocal interventions in debates on disestablishment and disendowment are well-attested. Yet the career of Arthur Penrhyn Stanley (1815–81) reveals that Whig liberalism remained a historiographical force in Freeman’s time. Although Stanley was dismissed by Freeman as a slapdash historian, as dean of Westminster Abbey (1864–81) Stanley developed a vision of historical scholarship that could support an Erastian defence of established churches. Stanley curated the Abbey to show how the established church had been interwoven with the national past. There and elsewhere in Britain, he sought to pacify Nonconformist advocates of disestablishment by remembering their heroes as national not sectarian figures. This essay surveys Stanley’s energetic involvement in controversies over disestablishment and contrasts it with Freeman’s scholarly detachment, concluding that despite the differences between them, neither historian made much impact on Nonconformist minds.
Peter Thacher Lanfer
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199926749
- eISBN:
- 9780199950591
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199926749.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Early Christian Studies
Chapter One outlines the sources, methods, and goals of this project. Firstly, this chapter argues against the marginality of the expulsion narrative in early Jewish and Christian interpretations of ...
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Chapter One outlines the sources, methods, and goals of this project. Firstly, this chapter argues against the marginality of the expulsion narrative in early Jewish and Christian interpretations of the Garden of Eden narrative, and sets guidelines for the inclusion of a wide variety of citations and allusions to the expulsion. Secondly, this chapter proposes a methodological pluralism to examine the source text of Gen 3:22–24 and the later texts interpreting the expulsion. This use of multiple methodologies is essential to avoid privileging a theoretical “urtext,” or eliminating divergent interpretations as eisegetical. Finally, this project argues for the composite character of the redacted Garden of Eden in which the expulsion serves an ideological corrective to the independent pursuit of wisdom over and against the adherence to covenant and cult. The chapter argues this ideological insertion of the expulsion narrative is preserved as a foundational dialogue of the redacted text of Genesis 2–3, and provides a reasonable constraint to interpretations of it.Less
Chapter One outlines the sources, methods, and goals of this project. Firstly, this chapter argues against the marginality of the expulsion narrative in early Jewish and Christian interpretations of the Garden of Eden narrative, and sets guidelines for the inclusion of a wide variety of citations and allusions to the expulsion. Secondly, this chapter proposes a methodological pluralism to examine the source text of Gen 3:22–24 and the later texts interpreting the expulsion. This use of multiple methodologies is essential to avoid privileging a theoretical “urtext,” or eliminating divergent interpretations as eisegetical. Finally, this project argues for the composite character of the redacted Garden of Eden in which the expulsion serves an ideological corrective to the independent pursuit of wisdom over and against the adherence to covenant and cult. The chapter argues this ideological insertion of the expulsion narrative is preserved as a foundational dialogue of the redacted text of Genesis 2–3, and provides a reasonable constraint to interpretations of it.
Stefan Tilg
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199576944
- eISBN:
- 9780191722486
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199576944.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
The introduction defines the Greek love novel, or ‘ideal’ novel, and considers its relation to other strains of Graeco‐Roman prose fiction. It reviews the history and the current relevance of ...
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The introduction defines the Greek love novel, or ‘ideal’ novel, and considers its relation to other strains of Graeco‐Roman prose fiction. It reviews the history and the current relevance of enquiries into the origins of the Greek love novel and suggests a generic model based on individual emulations and variations as an alternative to the predominant idea of an abstract novelistic matrix. A description of the methodological approach of the book is provided, which consists of the combination of arguments from literary history on the one hand and from Chariton's poetics, implied in his metaliterary self‐references, on the other. A preview of the course of the investigation gives readers an idea of the main points to follow and helps them navigate through the following chapters.Less
The introduction defines the Greek love novel, or ‘ideal’ novel, and considers its relation to other strains of Graeco‐Roman prose fiction. It reviews the history and the current relevance of enquiries into the origins of the Greek love novel and suggests a generic model based on individual emulations and variations as an alternative to the predominant idea of an abstract novelistic matrix. A description of the methodological approach of the book is provided, which consists of the combination of arguments from literary history on the one hand and from Chariton's poetics, implied in his metaliterary self‐references, on the other. A preview of the course of the investigation gives readers an idea of the main points to follow and helps them navigate through the following chapters.
Katrin Ettenhuber
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199609109
- eISBN:
- 9780191729553
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199609109.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, 16th-century and Renaissance Literature
This chapter presents the first sustained study of Donne's reading and his scholarly methods, through paying detailed attention to his use of Saint Augustine's works. The chapter situates Donne's ...
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This chapter presents the first sustained study of Donne's reading and his scholarly methods, through paying detailed attention to his use of Saint Augustine's works. The chapter situates Donne's approach to Augustine in the context of Renaissance patristic scholarship and demonstrates the breadth and range of Donne's Augustinian reading. The chapter focuses on Donne's patristic sources: how many (and which) of Augustine's works he cited; whether Donne consulted the original Augustinian texts or intermediary sources, and how he dealt with these different types of patristic recourse. A survey is provided of the patristic editions that were available to divines in the early modern period, concentrating on the three sixteenth-century editions of Augustine's Works. The chapter then turns to Donne's philosophy of quotation, explaining his scholarly protocols, and the moral and theological thought which underpins them.Less
This chapter presents the first sustained study of Donne's reading and his scholarly methods, through paying detailed attention to his use of Saint Augustine's works. The chapter situates Donne's approach to Augustine in the context of Renaissance patristic scholarship and demonstrates the breadth and range of Donne's Augustinian reading. The chapter focuses on Donne's patristic sources: how many (and which) of Augustine's works he cited; whether Donne consulted the original Augustinian texts or intermediary sources, and how he dealt with these different types of patristic recourse. A survey is provided of the patristic editions that were available to divines in the early modern period, concentrating on the three sixteenth-century editions of Augustine's Works. The chapter then turns to Donne's philosophy of quotation, explaining his scholarly protocols, and the moral and theological thought which underpins them.
Joan E. Taylor
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- January 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199554485
- eISBN:
- 9780191745911
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199554485.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism, Biblical Studies
The history of scholarship on the Essenes has been one embedded within a large project to define Judaism at the time of Jesus. This was generally done with underlying assumptions about the ...
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The history of scholarship on the Essenes has been one embedded within a large project to define Judaism at the time of Jesus. This was generally done with underlying assumptions about the continuities between Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism, and displayed Christian bias, so that the Essenes were considered marginal to a mainstream that stood in continuity with later developments. A new paradigm of Second Temple Judaism allows for a more balanced assessment, with the Essenes placed rightly at the centre.Less
The history of scholarship on the Essenes has been one embedded within a large project to define Judaism at the time of Jesus. This was generally done with underlying assumptions about the continuities between Second Temple and Rabbinic Judaism, and displayed Christian bias, so that the Essenes were considered marginal to a mainstream that stood in continuity with later developments. A new paradigm of Second Temple Judaism allows for a more balanced assessment, with the Essenes placed rightly at the centre.
Alexander Bevilacqua and Frederic Clark
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780226601175
- eISBN:
- 9780226601342
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226601342.003.0005
- Subject:
- History, History of Ideas
Interview with Anthony Grafton, Henry Putnam University Professor of History at Princeton University. Topics include intellectual history; historiography; history of scholarship; historical ...
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Interview with Anthony Grafton, Henry Putnam University Professor of History at Princeton University. Topics include intellectual history; historiography; history of scholarship; historical chronology; Joseph Scaliger; and the history of reading.Less
Interview with Anthony Grafton, Henry Putnam University Professor of History at Princeton University. Topics include intellectual history; historiography; history of scholarship; historical chronology; Joseph Scaliger; and the history of reading.
Jan Machielsen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780197265802
- eISBN:
- 9780191772009
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265802.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, European Early Modern History
The protagonist of this study, the Jesuit Martin Delrio (1551–1608), is a largely forgotten figure, purposefully elided from many of the scholarly and religious spheres to which he contributed. To ...
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The protagonist of this study, the Jesuit Martin Delrio (1551–1608), is a largely forgotten figure, purposefully elided from many of the scholarly and religious spheres to which he contributed. To the extent that he is remembered today it is for his Disquisitiones magicae (1599–1600), a study of witchcraft and superstition that went through numerous editions and was last reprinted in 1755. The present volume recovers the lost world of Delrio’s wider scholarship and shows that the Disquisitiones, removed from this context, has been widely misunderstood. Martin Delrio, as a friend of the Flemish philosopher Justus Lipsius and an enemy of the Huguenot scholar Joseph Scaliger played an important part in the confessional Republic of Letters. As the editor of classical texts, notably Senecan tragedy, he had a number of philological achievements to his name. Delrio’s scholarship after his admission to the Society of Jesus (the Disquisitiones included) marked an important contribution to wider Counter-Reformation scholarship. Catholic contemporaries accordingly rated him highly, as evidenced by a published Vita, but later generations proved less kind. In an important chapter, the book demonstrates that demonology, in Delrio’s hands, was a textual science, an insight that sheds new light on the way witchcraft was believed in. At the same time, the book also develops a wider argument about the significance of Delrio’s scholarship, arguing that the Counter-Reformation must be seen as a textual project and Delrio’s contribution to it as the product of a mindset forged in its fragile borderlands.Less
The protagonist of this study, the Jesuit Martin Delrio (1551–1608), is a largely forgotten figure, purposefully elided from many of the scholarly and religious spheres to which he contributed. To the extent that he is remembered today it is for his Disquisitiones magicae (1599–1600), a study of witchcraft and superstition that went through numerous editions and was last reprinted in 1755. The present volume recovers the lost world of Delrio’s wider scholarship and shows that the Disquisitiones, removed from this context, has been widely misunderstood. Martin Delrio, as a friend of the Flemish philosopher Justus Lipsius and an enemy of the Huguenot scholar Joseph Scaliger played an important part in the confessional Republic of Letters. As the editor of classical texts, notably Senecan tragedy, he had a number of philological achievements to his name. Delrio’s scholarship after his admission to the Society of Jesus (the Disquisitiones included) marked an important contribution to wider Counter-Reformation scholarship. Catholic contemporaries accordingly rated him highly, as evidenced by a published Vita, but later generations proved less kind. In an important chapter, the book demonstrates that demonology, in Delrio’s hands, was a textual science, an insight that sheds new light on the way witchcraft was believed in. At the same time, the book also develops a wider argument about the significance of Delrio’s scholarship, arguing that the Counter-Reformation must be seen as a textual project and Delrio’s contribution to it as the product of a mindset forged in its fragile borderlands.
Andrew Faulkner
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199589036
- eISBN:
- 9780191728983
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199589036.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter gives an overview of issues central to the interpretation of the Homeric Hymns, and provides a foundation for approaching the arguments advanced in the subsequent chapters of the book. ...
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This chapter gives an overview of issues central to the interpretation of the Homeric Hymns, and provides a foundation for approaching the arguments advanced in the subsequent chapters of the book. Distinct sections examine the history of scholarship on the Hymns, the extent to which the poems can be considered examples of oral poetry, the Hymns' dates, circumstances of composition, language, and performance contexts.Less
This chapter gives an overview of issues central to the interpretation of the Homeric Hymns, and provides a foundation for approaching the arguments advanced in the subsequent chapters of the book. Distinct sections examine the history of scholarship on the Hymns, the extent to which the poems can be considered examples of oral poetry, the Hymns' dates, circumstances of composition, language, and performance contexts.
Katharina Volk
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199586462
- eISBN:
- 9780191724961
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199586462.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter provides an overview of scholarship on Manilius’ Astronomica from the early twentieth century onward. After a discussion of editions and textual studies beginning with Housman, it ...
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This chapter provides an overview of scholarship on Manilius’ Astronomica from the early twentieth century onward. After a discussion of editions and textual studies beginning with Housman, it considers the controversy over the Astronomica’s date (Augustan, Tiberian, or both?), before turning to scholarly work on Manilius’ political context; world view, astrology, and philosophy; genre, poetics, and intertextuality; and later reception. The chapter concludes with a section of suggested further readings, aimed at readers who are approaching the Astronomica for the first time.Less
This chapter provides an overview of scholarship on Manilius’ Astronomica from the early twentieth century onward. After a discussion of editions and textual studies beginning with Housman, it considers the controversy over the Astronomica’s date (Augustan, Tiberian, or both?), before turning to scholarly work on Manilius’ political context; world view, astrology, and philosophy; genre, poetics, and intertextuality; and later reception. The chapter concludes with a section of suggested further readings, aimed at readers who are approaching the Astronomica for the first time.
John Henderson
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199608409
- eISBN:
- 9780191745102
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199608409.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, European History: BCE to 500CE
This chapter examines the history of Walbank's engagement with Polybius and subsequently with his commentary on Polybius, whose origins and development towards publication is charted against the ...
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This chapter examines the history of Walbank's engagement with Polybius and subsequently with his commentary on Polybius, whose origins and development towards publication is charted against the materials held in the archives of Oxford University Press, and against Walbank's career and his unpublished memoir, Hypomnemata. As well as showing how the history of scholarship can be illuminated by the study of publication practice, the sustained examination of correspondence between the Press and Walbank (and involving other scholars as well) demonstrates how Walbank's initial plan of writing on Tacitus' Histories came to metamorphose into a commentary on Polybius. His skilful correspondence with the Press over decades thus enabled him to ensure that his commentary had the necessary scale and physical scope of three substantial volumes that such a project of 'long-distance writing' needed.Less
This chapter examines the history of Walbank's engagement with Polybius and subsequently with his commentary on Polybius, whose origins and development towards publication is charted against the materials held in the archives of Oxford University Press, and against Walbank's career and his unpublished memoir, Hypomnemata. As well as showing how the history of scholarship can be illuminated by the study of publication practice, the sustained examination of correspondence between the Press and Walbank (and involving other scholars as well) demonstrates how Walbank's initial plan of writing on Tacitus' Histories came to metamorphose into a commentary on Polybius. His skilful correspondence with the Press over decades thus enabled him to ensure that his commentary had the necessary scale and physical scope of three substantial volumes that such a project of 'long-distance writing' needed.
Angelika Neuwirth
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- March 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780199928958
- eISBN:
- 9780190921316
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199928958.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Religions, Asian and Middle Eastern History: BCE to 500CE
A sketch of the previous research on the Qur’an is provided in detail. The overview of approaches and results in Western research goes back to the nineteenth century, following the story of Qur’an ...
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A sketch of the previous research on the Qur’an is provided in detail. The overview of approaches and results in Western research goes back to the nineteenth century, following the story of Qur’an research first up to the Wissenschaft des Judentums (science of Judaism) school of the early twentieth century. Following this, more recent trends in Qur’an research, including the more source-critical and skeptical methods of recent decades, are described. Finally, a sketch of the diversity of current approaches is given, situating the approach of this volume within its relevant scholarly context.Less
A sketch of the previous research on the Qur’an is provided in detail. The overview of approaches and results in Western research goes back to the nineteenth century, following the story of Qur’an research first up to the Wissenschaft des Judentums (science of Judaism) school of the early twentieth century. Following this, more recent trends in Qur’an research, including the more source-critical and skeptical methods of recent decades, are described. Finally, a sketch of the diversity of current approaches is given, situating the approach of this volume within its relevant scholarly context.
GIDEON NISBET
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199263370
- eISBN:
- 9780191718366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199263370.003.0011
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This introductory chapter clarifies terminology, outlines the book's scope and rationale, reflects briefly on the state of play in skoptic epigram scholarship, and identifies some key methodological ...
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This introductory chapter clarifies terminology, outlines the book's scope and rationale, reflects briefly on the state of play in skoptic epigram scholarship, and identifies some key methodological concerns: literary and cultural contextualisation (including material culture), political readings, and academic reception history. It flags up the importance of developing a methodologically supple and richly contextualised reading strategy, in response to the characteristic ambiguities which are fundamental to the process of skoptic humour.Less
This introductory chapter clarifies terminology, outlines the book's scope and rationale, reflects briefly on the state of play in skoptic epigram scholarship, and identifies some key methodological concerns: literary and cultural contextualisation (including material culture), political readings, and academic reception history. It flags up the importance of developing a methodologically supple and richly contextualised reading strategy, in response to the characteristic ambiguities which are fundamental to the process of skoptic humour.
Scott Mandelbrote
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199608416
- eISBN:
- 9780191755422
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199608416.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, History of Christianity
The introduction establishes the centrality of the Bible to Protestant dissent. It begins by setting out the persistent claim by British dissenters that their theology, ecclesiology, worship and ...
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The introduction establishes the centrality of the Bible to Protestant dissent. It begins by setting out the persistent claim by British dissenters that their theology, ecclesiology, worship and politics were biblical. It then turns to explore the ways in which such claims divided dissenters from one another as well as from the established churches. It also draws attention to the ambiguous standing of scholarship in their religious life, arguing that dissenters both valued such learning while also fearing that it might alienate their congregations or weaken their simple faith in the word of God. It discusses too the way in which dissenting women overcame barriers to their participation in such scholarship. It ends by demonstrating how social change and the absorption of dissenting scholars into mainstream academic life has entailed not just the numerical decline of dissent but the disappearance of its vibrant biblical culture.Less
The introduction establishes the centrality of the Bible to Protestant dissent. It begins by setting out the persistent claim by British dissenters that their theology, ecclesiology, worship and politics were biblical. It then turns to explore the ways in which such claims divided dissenters from one another as well as from the established churches. It also draws attention to the ambiguous standing of scholarship in their religious life, arguing that dissenters both valued such learning while also fearing that it might alienate their congregations or weaken their simple faith in the word of God. It discusses too the way in which dissenting women overcame barriers to their participation in such scholarship. It ends by demonstrating how social change and the absorption of dissenting scholars into mainstream academic life has entailed not just the numerical decline of dissent but the disappearance of its vibrant biblical culture.
Michael Ledger-Lomas
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199608416
- eISBN:
- 9780191755422
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199608416.003.0009
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, History of Christianity
This chapter uses the case study of the Congregational journalist and scholar Josiah Conder (1789-1855) to explore the sustained and pragmatic engagement of evangelical nonconformists with the ...
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This chapter uses the case study of the Congregational journalist and scholar Josiah Conder (1789-1855) to explore the sustained and pragmatic engagement of evangelical nonconformists with the orientalising study of the Bible in early nineteenth-century Britain. It has often been thought that the political and eschatological passions of British evangelicals in this period caused them to recoil from the study by German scholars of the Bible as an oriental text. Yet this picture turns out to be true mainly for evangelicals in the established churches. As intellectual leaders of evangelical nonconformity, Congregationalists found orientalising criticism useful in deriving support for their liberal politics and optimistic eschatology from the Bible. The chapter notes though that this enthusiasm was always qualified and that as the example of Conder’s sons shows it became markedly harder for Congregationalists to reconcile their interest in such criticism with their commitment to a scriptural politics from mid-century onwards.Less
This chapter uses the case study of the Congregational journalist and scholar Josiah Conder (1789-1855) to explore the sustained and pragmatic engagement of evangelical nonconformists with the orientalising study of the Bible in early nineteenth-century Britain. It has often been thought that the political and eschatological passions of British evangelicals in this period caused them to recoil from the study by German scholars of the Bible as an oriental text. Yet this picture turns out to be true mainly for evangelicals in the established churches. As intellectual leaders of evangelical nonconformity, Congregationalists found orientalising criticism useful in deriving support for their liberal politics and optimistic eschatology from the Bible. The chapter notes though that this enthusiasm was always qualified and that as the example of Conder’s sons shows it became markedly harder for Congregationalists to reconcile their interest in such criticism with their commitment to a scriptural politics from mid-century onwards.
Philomen Probert
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- August 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198841609
- eISBN:
- 9780191877094
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198841609.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval, Prose and Writers: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Modern discussion of the Latin accent can be said to have begun in earnest with the publication of Weil and Benloew’s Théorie générale de l’accentuation latine in 1855. Responses to this work divided ...
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Modern discussion of the Latin accent can be said to have begun in earnest with the publication of Weil and Benloew’s Théorie générale de l’accentuation latine in 1855. Responses to this work divided scholars strongly into two opposing camps—or rather, they strengthened and extended a pre-existing division into two camps that had originally concerned only the relationship (if any) between Latin metrical forms and the position of the Latin word accent. On closer inspection the two camps turn out to be rather loose alliances, but when the focus is on the Latin accent itself they rally around opposing answers to a central question: did Latin have a pitch accent or a stress accent? Chapter 2 sketches the beginnings of this battle and the main turns it has taken, and then argues that it is a mistake to see ‘pitch or stress accent’ as the crucial question, or even as a meaningful one. Even attempts to offer intermediate views mostly put a misconceived and unhelpful question at the centre of the argument. But if this question can be put to one side, some genuine questions come into view.Less
Modern discussion of the Latin accent can be said to have begun in earnest with the publication of Weil and Benloew’s Théorie générale de l’accentuation latine in 1855. Responses to this work divided scholars strongly into two opposing camps—or rather, they strengthened and extended a pre-existing division into two camps that had originally concerned only the relationship (if any) between Latin metrical forms and the position of the Latin word accent. On closer inspection the two camps turn out to be rather loose alliances, but when the focus is on the Latin accent itself they rally around opposing answers to a central question: did Latin have a pitch accent or a stress accent? Chapter 2 sketches the beginnings of this battle and the main turns it has taken, and then argues that it is a mistake to see ‘pitch or stress accent’ as the crucial question, or even as a meaningful one. Even attempts to offer intermediate views mostly put a misconceived and unhelpful question at the centre of the argument. But if this question can be put to one side, some genuine questions come into view.
Brittany E. Wilson
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199325009
- eISBN:
- 9780190229191
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199325009.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion in the Ancient World
Chapter 1 begins with a brief history of scholarship on masculinity in Lukan studies, starting with Foucault, and a working definition of the term “masculinity.” The chapter then turns to Luke-Acts ...
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Chapter 1 begins with a brief history of scholarship on masculinity in Lukan studies, starting with Foucault, and a working definition of the term “masculinity.” The chapter then turns to Luke-Acts and discusses the degree to which Luke-Acts can be read in relation to ancient masculine norms. It discusses the multiple “masculinities” in the Greco-Roman world, situates the Lukan author and audience amid these masculinities, and proposes a way to interpret Luke’s male characters in their ancient context. Identity markers such as geographical location, status, ethnicity, gender, and religion figure prominently in this discussion.Less
Chapter 1 begins with a brief history of scholarship on masculinity in Lukan studies, starting with Foucault, and a working definition of the term “masculinity.” The chapter then turns to Luke-Acts and discusses the degree to which Luke-Acts can be read in relation to ancient masculine norms. It discusses the multiple “masculinities” in the Greco-Roman world, situates the Lukan author and audience amid these masculinities, and proposes a way to interpret Luke’s male characters in their ancient context. Identity markers such as geographical location, status, ethnicity, gender, and religion figure prominently in this discussion.
Thea S. Thorsen
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- February 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198829430
- eISBN:
- 9780191867958
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198829430.003.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Literary Studies: Classical, Early, and Medieval, European History: BCE to 500CE
Within a framework that shows how Sappho’s reception in antiquity has important implications for Sappho scholarship, our understanding of Roman poetry, and of classical reception studies in general, ...
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Within a framework that shows how Sappho’s reception in antiquity has important implications for Sappho scholarship, our understanding of Roman poetry, and of classical reception studies in general, the introduction outlines the extant output of Sappho, including the newest Sappho text (2016), as well as the chapters of the present volume. The introduction departs from three Sappho scholars, Welcker (1784–1868), Wilamowitz-Moellendorff (1848–1931), and Robinson (1880–1958), and reflects on the scholarly implications of how their times were ideologically different from ours. By revisiting important evidence for Sappho’s ancient reception, such as the Parian Marble, coins, figurative representations of Sappho, and considering recent papyrus finds from the Roman era, the introduction zooms in on Roman literature, which is the main focus of the present volume. Then there follows a brief presentation of Sappho’s extant output and an ample thematic presentation of the chapters in the volume. Finally, the introduction discusses Shane Butler’s new concept of Deep Classics in the context of Sappho’s Roman reception, and points towards another metaphor, this time from art, as a means to pursue future reception studies, using the restored Sappho fragment that was retrieved in 2004, known as ‘Posthumous honour for Sappho’, to illustrate the point.Less
Within a framework that shows how Sappho’s reception in antiquity has important implications for Sappho scholarship, our understanding of Roman poetry, and of classical reception studies in general, the introduction outlines the extant output of Sappho, including the newest Sappho text (2016), as well as the chapters of the present volume. The introduction departs from three Sappho scholars, Welcker (1784–1868), Wilamowitz-Moellendorff (1848–1931), and Robinson (1880–1958), and reflects on the scholarly implications of how their times were ideologically different from ours. By revisiting important evidence for Sappho’s ancient reception, such as the Parian Marble, coins, figurative representations of Sappho, and considering recent papyrus finds from the Roman era, the introduction zooms in on Roman literature, which is the main focus of the present volume. Then there follows a brief presentation of Sappho’s extant output and an ample thematic presentation of the chapters in the volume. Finally, the introduction discusses Shane Butler’s new concept of Deep Classics in the context of Sappho’s Roman reception, and points towards another metaphor, this time from art, as a means to pursue future reception studies, using the restored Sappho fragment that was retrieved in 2004, known as ‘Posthumous honour for Sappho’, to illustrate the point.
GIDEON NISBET
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199263370
- eISBN:
- 9780191718366
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199263370.003.0005
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
This chapter deconstructs the textual evidence adduced by scholars attempting to establish the historical identities of Loukillios and Nikarkhos, and critiques their motivations. Stereotyped ...
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This chapter deconstructs the textual evidence adduced by scholars attempting to establish the historical identities of Loukillios and Nikarkhos, and critiques their motivations. Stereotyped situational humour is not autobiography; the chapter argues that the ‘Loukillios’ and ‘Nikarkhos’ encountered in the text are personae, much as in Latin satire. The few quasi-autobiographical details they provide turn out to be allusions to other humorous texts. Loukillios' name must derive (by whatever route) from a Roman Lucilius, but the chapter argues that the identity debate has been unproductive. Attempts to pin down a historical Loukillios (or Loukillos, or Lucilius) are necessarily tenuous, and unnecessarily constrain reading strategies. The chapter also demonstrates that the named targets of their skoptic humour cannot be matched to individuals in the real world: they are stereotypes, and many of the names attached to them are repeatedly re-used in different contexts, for reasons including metrical convenience and humorous incongruity.Less
This chapter deconstructs the textual evidence adduced by scholars attempting to establish the historical identities of Loukillios and Nikarkhos, and critiques their motivations. Stereotyped situational humour is not autobiography; the chapter argues that the ‘Loukillios’ and ‘Nikarkhos’ encountered in the text are personae, much as in Latin satire. The few quasi-autobiographical details they provide turn out to be allusions to other humorous texts. Loukillios' name must derive (by whatever route) from a Roman Lucilius, but the chapter argues that the identity debate has been unproductive. Attempts to pin down a historical Loukillios (or Loukillos, or Lucilius) are necessarily tenuous, and unnecessarily constrain reading strategies. The chapter also demonstrates that the named targets of their skoptic humour cannot be matched to individuals in the real world: they are stereotypes, and many of the names attached to them are repeatedly re-used in different contexts, for reasons including metrical convenience and humorous incongruity.
Michael D. Konaris
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198737896
- eISBN:
- 9780191801426
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198737896.001.0001
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Ancient Religions
This book examines major theories of interpretation of the Greek gods in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German and British scholarship, and their implications and influence with a primary, ...
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This book examines major theories of interpretation of the Greek gods in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German and British scholarship, and their implications and influence with a primary, though not exclusive, focus on Apollo. German and British scholars of the time drew on philology, archaeology, comparative mythology, anthropology, or sociology to advance radically different theories on the Greek gods. The book focuses on the theory of the Greek gods as gods of natural elements; its principal rival, the theory of K.O. Müller and his followers that the Greek gods had originally been tribal and universal gods; H. Usener’s theory of Sondergötter, as well as theories inspired by anthropology and sociology (Lang, Farnell, Harrison). The book situates the rival theories in their intellectual and cultural context, and explores their underlying assumptions and agendas. It lays particular stress on how the interpretation of the Greek gods was informed by confessional and national rivalries and on how it was implicated in broader contemporary debates in Germany and Britain—such as over the origins and nature of religion, or the relation between Western culture and the ‘Orient’. In addition, the book looks at the impact of these theories on the study of Greek religion in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and draws implications about current debates and approaches.Less
This book examines major theories of interpretation of the Greek gods in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German and British scholarship, and their implications and influence with a primary, though not exclusive, focus on Apollo. German and British scholars of the time drew on philology, archaeology, comparative mythology, anthropology, or sociology to advance radically different theories on the Greek gods. The book focuses on the theory of the Greek gods as gods of natural elements; its principal rival, the theory of K.O. Müller and his followers that the Greek gods had originally been tribal and universal gods; H. Usener’s theory of Sondergötter, as well as theories inspired by anthropology and sociology (Lang, Farnell, Harrison). The book situates the rival theories in their intellectual and cultural context, and explores their underlying assumptions and agendas. It lays particular stress on how the interpretation of the Greek gods was informed by confessional and national rivalries and on how it was implicated in broader contemporary debates in Germany and Britain—such as over the origins and nature of religion, or the relation between Western culture and the ‘Orient’. In addition, the book looks at the impact of these theories on the study of Greek religion in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, and draws implications about current debates and approaches.
