Margreta De Grazia
- Published in print:
- 1991
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198117780
- eISBN:
- 9780191671067
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198117780.003.0004
- Subject:
- Literature, Shakespeare Studies
Edmond Malone was involved in another project requiring authenticity, though this one was neither Shakespearean nor even literary. What will become increasingly clear, however, is the extent to which ...
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Edmond Malone was involved in another project requiring authenticity, though this one was neither Shakespearean nor even literary. What will become increasingly clear, however, is the extent to which the notion of an historical period served Malone's project of protecting William Shakespeare from modification, his pressing ‘solicitude’, in his words, ‘to keep Shakespeare pure and uncontaminated from modern sophistication and foreign admixtures’. In this chapter, one shall see how the formation of an historical period similarly exempted Shakespeare from current standards of correctness and taste by attributing the ostensibly incorrect and distasteful to what was customary in Shakespeare's age. As the appeal to authenticity denied the variability of texts, so the construction of an historical period contained linguistic and cultural difference.Less
Edmond Malone was involved in another project requiring authenticity, though this one was neither Shakespearean nor even literary. What will become increasingly clear, however, is the extent to which the notion of an historical period served Malone's project of protecting William Shakespeare from modification, his pressing ‘solicitude’, in his words, ‘to keep Shakespeare pure and uncontaminated from modern sophistication and foreign admixtures’. In this chapter, one shall see how the formation of an historical period similarly exempted Shakespeare from current standards of correctness and taste by attributing the ostensibly incorrect and distasteful to what was customary in Shakespeare's age. As the appeal to authenticity denied the variability of texts, so the construction of an historical period contained linguistic and cultural difference.
David Washbrook
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780197265321
- eISBN:
- 9780191760495
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197265321.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Historiography
The long periodization of global history puts notions of the modern under scrutiny. Global history challenges us to convert our understanding of Europe from a ‘knowing subject’ into much more of an ...
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The long periodization of global history puts notions of the modern under scrutiny. Global history challenges us to convert our understanding of Europe from a ‘knowing subject’ into much more of an object of that history. If the global history of the ‘British’ Industrial Revolution takes us to China, on the one side, and the Americas, on the other, by what rights does it deserve, any longer, to be described as ‘British’? How successful has global history been, thus far, at finding or erecting signposts to a new, and significantly different historical understanding of the past?Less
The long periodization of global history puts notions of the modern under scrutiny. Global history challenges us to convert our understanding of Europe from a ‘knowing subject’ into much more of an object of that history. If the global history of the ‘British’ Industrial Revolution takes us to China, on the one side, and the Americas, on the other, by what rights does it deserve, any longer, to be described as ‘British’? How successful has global history been, thus far, at finding or erecting signposts to a new, and significantly different historical understanding of the past?
BARBARA CZARNIAWSKA
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- January 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199252718
- eISBN:
- 9780191719295
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199252718.003.0002
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business
Busy creating an image of their city that can attract tourists and investors, all three cities relate it to their image of an ideal ‘European capital’ to which they aspire. It turns out, however, ...
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Busy creating an image of their city that can attract tourists and investors, all three cities relate it to their image of an ideal ‘European capital’ to which they aspire. It turns out, however, that the images of such a European capital differ among the three cities: they are based on different historical periods and accentuate different aspects of city functioning.Less
Busy creating an image of their city that can attract tourists and investors, all three cities relate it to their image of an ideal ‘European capital’ to which they aspire. It turns out, however, that the images of such a European capital differ among the three cities: they are based on different historical periods and accentuate different aspects of city functioning.
Linda S. Walbridge (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780195137996
- eISBN:
- 9780199849055
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195137996.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This collection of chapters explores the nature of political and religious leadership in Shiʿism. Chapters look at a variety of critical historical periods—from medieval to modern—to reveal the ...
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This collection of chapters explores the nature of political and religious leadership in Shiʿism. Chapters look at a variety of critical historical periods—from medieval to modern—to reveal the social, political, and theological factors that have influenced the development of Shiʿite leadership.Less
This collection of chapters explores the nature of political and religious leadership in Shiʿism. Chapters look at a variety of critical historical periods—from medieval to modern—to reveal the social, political, and theological factors that have influenced the development of Shiʿite leadership.
Jennifer Ahern and Hannah H. Leslie
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199657018
- eISBN:
- 9780191748097
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199657018.003.0011
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health
The life course approach to substance use has potential to enhance our understanding of the development and persistence of substance use behaviours. The life course approach as applied to substance ...
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The life course approach to substance use has potential to enhance our understanding of the development and persistence of substance use behaviours. The life course approach as applied to substance use is summarized. A critical review is made of published research on the life course of substance use in the areas of timing of substance use onset, early life determinants, trajectories, broader contexts, and historical periods. Notable contributions of this research include: characterization of lifelong patterns of substance use; identification of the broader context as important in shaping early use patterns with an increasing role of biology for the progression to abuse or dependence; and identification of intergenerational and early life effects on substance use patterns. The challenges in the field are assessed with respect to data and measurement and future directions are recommended that include extension of methods and application of the full life-course framework.Less
The life course approach to substance use has potential to enhance our understanding of the development and persistence of substance use behaviours. The life course approach as applied to substance use is summarized. A critical review is made of published research on the life course of substance use in the areas of timing of substance use onset, early life determinants, trajectories, broader contexts, and historical periods. Notable contributions of this research include: characterization of lifelong patterns of substance use; identification of the broader context as important in shaping early use patterns with an increasing role of biology for the progression to abuse or dependence; and identification of intergenerational and early life effects on substance use patterns. The challenges in the field are assessed with respect to data and measurement and future directions are recommended that include extension of methods and application of the full life-course framework.
Pulapre Balakrishnan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- October 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780198065470
- eISBN:
- 9780199080090
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198065470.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
The book is a comprehensive study of growth in post-Independence India. The theory is both subtle and eclectic, drawing on several strands of the relevant literature, and presented in an original ...
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The book is a comprehensive study of growth in post-Independence India. The theory is both subtle and eclectic, drawing on several strands of the relevant literature, and presented in an original narrative. It uses empirical methods to advantage and in the process of examining the several sensibly-defined historical periods, the book tests whether the conventional wisdom on these stands up to close scrutiny. If it does not, it explains why, and also why the carefully presented narrative is a more convincing explanation. The main body of the book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 provides a critical exposition of some prominent theoretical representations of growth and a historical perspective on its drivers. The remaining three chapters provide a fresh analysis of three periods, respectively, 1950–64, 1965–91, and 1991 onwards.Less
The book is a comprehensive study of growth in post-Independence India. The theory is both subtle and eclectic, drawing on several strands of the relevant literature, and presented in an original narrative. It uses empirical methods to advantage and in the process of examining the several sensibly-defined historical periods, the book tests whether the conventional wisdom on these stands up to close scrutiny. If it does not, it explains why, and also why the carefully presented narrative is a more convincing explanation. The main body of the book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 provides a critical exposition of some prominent theoretical representations of growth and a historical perspective on its drivers. The remaining three chapters provide a fresh analysis of three periods, respectively, 1950–64, 1965–91, and 1991 onwards.
Phyllis Moen
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780199357277
- eISBN:
- 9780199357314
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357277.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gerontology and Ageing, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This chapter defines concepts key to the book’s argument: life course, institutions, and careers. The life course serves as a lynchpin between individual and family biographies, gender, ...
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This chapter defines concepts key to the book’s argument: life course, institutions, and careers. The life course serves as a lynchpin between individual and family biographies, gender, organizational careers, public policy, and social change. Institutions are taken-for-granted schema and logics embedded in language, customs, and a body of norms or laws. Assumptions about careers remain based on the career mystique of continuous hard work and commitment as the path to both security and success, but that is an out-of-date model given the uncertainties and risks associated with a global economy, automation, outsourcing, offshoring, and restructuring. Boomers’ and Millennials’ contemporary improvisations are driving the individualization of the twenty-first-century life course—expanding, rebranding, jump-starting, delaying, or blurring the boundaries around once-lockstep timetables of schooling, work, careers, retirement. The chapter concludes by describing other related concepts: age (along with gender), cohort, and historical period.Less
This chapter defines concepts key to the book’s argument: life course, institutions, and careers. The life course serves as a lynchpin between individual and family biographies, gender, organizational careers, public policy, and social change. Institutions are taken-for-granted schema and logics embedded in language, customs, and a body of norms or laws. Assumptions about careers remain based on the career mystique of continuous hard work and commitment as the path to both security and success, but that is an out-of-date model given the uncertainties and risks associated with a global economy, automation, outsourcing, offshoring, and restructuring. Boomers’ and Millennials’ contemporary improvisations are driving the individualization of the twenty-first-century life course—expanding, rebranding, jump-starting, delaying, or blurring the boundaries around once-lockstep timetables of schooling, work, careers, retirement. The chapter concludes by describing other related concepts: age (along with gender), cohort, and historical period.
Uta Reinöhl
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780198736660
- eISBN:
- 9780191800368
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198736660.003.0008
- Subject:
- Linguistics, Historical Linguistics, Syntax and Morphology
Chapter 8 focuses on the paradigmatization of the modern class of simple postpositions. This paradigmatization is of special interest because the various elements involved descend from different ...
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Chapter 8 focuses on the paradigmatization of the modern class of simple postpositions. This paradigmatization is of special interest because the various elements involved descend from different syntactic classes and historical periods. Logically, this would seem to suggest a process of convergence. In order to explore the nature of this convergence, two scenarios of paradigmatization that have been proposed in the literature are tested, where paradigmatization is respectively accorded and denied a status as a process sui generis above and beyond individual grammaticalizations. The application to the Indo-Aryan data, however, yields that neither of the two scenarios adequately accounts for the historical processes. Instead, it seems that the apparent convergence is in part the epiphenomenal product of structural overlaps between the grammaticalizing constructions and in part to actual interactions between them.Less
Chapter 8 focuses on the paradigmatization of the modern class of simple postpositions. This paradigmatization is of special interest because the various elements involved descend from different syntactic classes and historical periods. Logically, this would seem to suggest a process of convergence. In order to explore the nature of this convergence, two scenarios of paradigmatization that have been proposed in the literature are tested, where paradigmatization is respectively accorded and denied a status as a process sui generis above and beyond individual grammaticalizations. The application to the Indo-Aryan data, however, yields that neither of the two scenarios adequately accounts for the historical processes. Instead, it seems that the apparent convergence is in part the epiphenomenal product of structural overlaps between the grammaticalizing constructions and in part to actual interactions between them.
Lyn Ragsdale and Jerrold G. Rusk
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780190670702
- eISBN:
- 9780190670740
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190670702.003.0010
- Subject:
- Political Science, American Politics, Democratization
This chapter summarizes the book. The central conclusion of the book is that when uncertainty is high, nonvoting decreases. Three generalizations arise about this uncertainty. First, dramatic changes ...
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This chapter summarizes the book. The central conclusion of the book is that when uncertainty is high, nonvoting decreases. Three generalizations arise about this uncertainty. First, dramatic changes in economic conditions reduce nonvoting. This is true when the economy is moving upward or downward. When there is economic stability, nonvoting rates increase. Second, technology shocks with the advent of new forms of mass communication technology decrease nonvoting. The rise of radio, network television, and the Internet creates uncertainty about how the communication will work and nonvoting decreases. Third, in general, the rising costs of war reduce nonvoting. The greater the uncertainty about the war the more likely people will go to the polls.Less
This chapter summarizes the book. The central conclusion of the book is that when uncertainty is high, nonvoting decreases. Three generalizations arise about this uncertainty. First, dramatic changes in economic conditions reduce nonvoting. This is true when the economy is moving upward or downward. When there is economic stability, nonvoting rates increase. Second, technology shocks with the advent of new forms of mass communication technology decrease nonvoting. The rise of radio, network television, and the Internet creates uncertainty about how the communication will work and nonvoting decreases. Third, in general, the rising costs of war reduce nonvoting. The greater the uncertainty about the war the more likely people will go to the polls.
