Alan K. Bowman and Michael Brady (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262962
- eISBN:
- 9780191734533
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262962.001.0001
- Subject:
- Archaeology, Methodology and Techniques
These fifteen chapters explore the ways in which recent developments in imaging, image analysis, and image display and diffusion can be applied to objects of material culture in order to enhance ...
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These fifteen chapters explore the ways in which recent developments in imaging, image analysis, and image display and diffusion can be applied to objects of material culture in order to enhance historians' understanding of the period from which the objects came (in this case, the remote past). In interpreting artefacts, the historian acts out a perceptual-cognitive task of transforming often noisy and impoverished signals into semantically rich symbols that have to be set within a cultural and historical context. Engineering scientists, equipped with a range of sophisticated techniques, equipment and highly specialised knowledge, are not always as aware as they might be of the range and the exact nature of problems faced by historians in interpreting objects of material culture. By providing the opportunity for scholars from these communities to explain to each other what they are doing and how, the chapters explore the ways in which the scientific contributors and the historians are thinking about subjectivity of interpretation, visual cognition, and the need to improve methods of presenting evidence so as to feed directly back into their own scientific thinking and to encourage genuine innovation in their approach to developing methods of image-enhancement and interpretation of objects. A significant further dimension is the improvement of techniques of providing high quality images of important and valuable collections of original artefacts to scholars who cannot always study the originals directly. Another important development discussed here is the fact that such imaging techniques now offer the researcher valuable insurance against the processes of deterioration to which such artefacts are inevitably subject. Seven of the chapters are scientific and technical, while the other eight have an archaeological or historical focus.Less
These fifteen chapters explore the ways in which recent developments in imaging, image analysis, and image display and diffusion can be applied to objects of material culture in order to enhance historians' understanding of the period from which the objects came (in this case, the remote past). In interpreting artefacts, the historian acts out a perceptual-cognitive task of transforming often noisy and impoverished signals into semantically rich symbols that have to be set within a cultural and historical context. Engineering scientists, equipped with a range of sophisticated techniques, equipment and highly specialised knowledge, are not always as aware as they might be of the range and the exact nature of problems faced by historians in interpreting objects of material culture. By providing the opportunity for scholars from these communities to explain to each other what they are doing and how, the chapters explore the ways in which the scientific contributors and the historians are thinking about subjectivity of interpretation, visual cognition, and the need to improve methods of presenting evidence so as to feed directly back into their own scientific thinking and to encourage genuine innovation in their approach to developing methods of image-enhancement and interpretation of objects. A significant further dimension is the improvement of techniques of providing high quality images of important and valuable collections of original artefacts to scholars who cannot always study the originals directly. Another important development discussed here is the fact that such imaging techniques now offer the researcher valuable insurance against the processes of deterioration to which such artefacts are inevitably subject. Seven of the chapters are scientific and technical, while the other eight have an archaeological or historical focus.
Frederick C. Beiser
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199691555
- eISBN:
- 9780191731839
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199691555.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy, Metaphysics/Epistemology
The German Historicist Tradition is a study of the rise of the German historicism from Chladenius to Weber. The work is an historical survey and philosophical examination of the main ...
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The German Historicist Tradition is a study of the rise of the German historicism from Chladenius to Weber. The work is an historical survey and philosophical examination of the main thinkers in this tradition. It covers thirteen thinkers: Chladenius, Möser, Herder, Wilhelm von Humboldt, Savigny, Ranke, Droysen, Windelband, Rickert, Lask, Dilthey, Simmel and Weber. Most of these thinkers have been little studied in the Anglophone world, and in some cases this book provides the first general account in English of their historical thought. The book intends to provide an introduction for first‐time readers but also a scholarly interpretation for a more professional audience. I explain the historical context and significance of each thinker, analyze his main arguments, and indicate the chief problems in the interpretation of his thought. My method is both historical and systematic: historical, insofar as I place each thinker in context and trace the evolution of his thought; and systematic, insofar as I examine the validity of his arguments and the logical structure of his philosophy. This book is conceived as a continuation and completion of the grand project begun by Friedrich Meinecke in his Entstehung des Historismus (1936). It was Meinecke's ambition to trace the genesis of German historicism from its beginnings in the late seventeenth century until its culmination in Ranke. Such was Meinecke's thoroughness, however, that after 500 pages he never got beyond Goethe. Although Meinecke's work has great merits his analyses of texts are unfailingly perceptive, and his historical perspective is deep and broad it still has serious flaws that make it an inadequate introduction today. Meinecke ignores crucial figures, his interpretations are often anachronistic, and his conceptual scheme is misleading and simplistic. The present work attempts to retell Meinecke's story in the light of later research.Less
The German Historicist Tradition is a study of the rise of the German historicism from Chladenius to Weber. The work is an historical survey and philosophical examination of the main thinkers in this tradition. It covers thirteen thinkers: Chladenius, Möser, Herder, Wilhelm von Humboldt, Savigny, Ranke, Droysen, Windelband, Rickert, Lask, Dilthey, Simmel and Weber. Most of these thinkers have been little studied in the Anglophone world, and in some cases this book provides the first general account in English of their historical thought. The book intends to provide an introduction for first‐time readers but also a scholarly interpretation for a more professional audience. I explain the historical context and significance of each thinker, analyze his main arguments, and indicate the chief problems in the interpretation of his thought. My method is both historical and systematic: historical, insofar as I place each thinker in context and trace the evolution of his thought; and systematic, insofar as I examine the validity of his arguments and the logical structure of his philosophy. This book is conceived as a continuation and completion of the grand project begun by Friedrich Meinecke in his Entstehung des Historismus (1936). It was Meinecke's ambition to trace the genesis of German historicism from its beginnings in the late seventeenth century until its culmination in Ranke. Such was Meinecke's thoroughness, however, that after 500 pages he never got beyond Goethe. Although Meinecke's work has great merits his analyses of texts are unfailingly perceptive, and his historical perspective is deep and broad it still has serious flaws that make it an inadequate introduction today. Meinecke ignores crucial figures, his interpretations are often anachronistic, and his conceptual scheme is misleading and simplistic. The present work attempts to retell Meinecke's story in the light of later research.
Julian Dodd
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199284375
- eISBN:
- 9780191713743
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199284375.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Aesthetics
This chapter completes the defence of timbral sonicism by defending it against the kinds of contextualist counter-examples produced by Levinson: thought-experiments intended to demonstrate that two ...
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This chapter completes the defence of timbral sonicism by defending it against the kinds of contextualist counter-examples produced by Levinson: thought-experiments intended to demonstrate that two composers working in distinct musico-historical contexts invariably compose distinct works, even if the said works sound exactly alike. The leading idea behind such thought-experiments is that a composer's occupancy of a certain position in musico-historical space is determinative of many of her work's artistic, aesthetic, and expressive properties. Hence, if two composers occupy distinct such positions, their works, even if sonic doppelgangers, will inevitably differ with respect to such properties, and so by Leibniz's Law, will fail to be identical. The chapter concludes that the examples taken to demonstrate that works may differ aesthetically, artistically, or expressively without differing sonically prove no such thing. They are either ill-formed or else can be explained away in a manner consistent with timbral sonicism.Less
This chapter completes the defence of timbral sonicism by defending it against the kinds of contextualist counter-examples produced by Levinson: thought-experiments intended to demonstrate that two composers working in distinct musico-historical contexts invariably compose distinct works, even if the said works sound exactly alike. The leading idea behind such thought-experiments is that a composer's occupancy of a certain position in musico-historical space is determinative of many of her work's artistic, aesthetic, and expressive properties. Hence, if two composers occupy distinct such positions, their works, even if sonic doppelgangers, will inevitably differ with respect to such properties, and so by Leibniz's Law, will fail to be identical. The chapter concludes that the examples taken to demonstrate that works may differ aesthetically, artistically, or expressively without differing sonically prove no such thing. They are either ill-formed or else can be explained away in a manner consistent with timbral sonicism.
Carola M. Frege
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199208067
- eISBN:
- 9780191709159
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199208067.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, HRM / IR
This chapter provides a theoretical framework to analyse the ‘cultural embeddedness’ of national research patterns and its implications for the future of employment research. The underlying ...
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This chapter provides a theoretical framework to analyse the ‘cultural embeddedness’ of national research patterns and its implications for the future of employment research. The underlying theoretical assumption is that employment research, as any other social science, is not just determined by its subject matter (e.g., employment institutions and practices) but is socially constructed. The book emphasizes that social science disciplines or fields of study are not universal or determined by an invisible scientific law but shaped by specific socio-historical contexts. Thus, this book perceives social sciences as being continuously re-invented by strategic (academic) actors and structural conditions which are influenced by cultural legacies. In particular, the longitudinal perspective of this book allows us to analyse how preexisting social, political, and intellectual conditions of the 19th century shaped the emergent national traditions of employment research and its academic organization. The trajectories or path dependencies of employment research, which arguably still have an impact on research today, will be discussed on the basis of three different dimensions, substantive, institutional, and ideational: the subject field of academic inquiry (labour movement histories); scientific knowledge institutions (social science traditions); and the underlying intellectual traditions (industrial democracy discourse).Less
This chapter provides a theoretical framework to analyse the ‘cultural embeddedness’ of national research patterns and its implications for the future of employment research. The underlying theoretical assumption is that employment research, as any other social science, is not just determined by its subject matter (e.g., employment institutions and practices) but is socially constructed. The book emphasizes that social science disciplines or fields of study are not universal or determined by an invisible scientific law but shaped by specific socio-historical contexts. Thus, this book perceives social sciences as being continuously re-invented by strategic (academic) actors and structural conditions which are influenced by cultural legacies. In particular, the longitudinal perspective of this book allows us to analyse how preexisting social, political, and intellectual conditions of the 19th century shaped the emergent national traditions of employment research and its academic organization. The trajectories or path dependencies of employment research, which arguably still have an impact on research today, will be discussed on the basis of three different dimensions, substantive, institutional, and ideational: the subject field of academic inquiry (labour movement histories); scientific knowledge institutions (social science traditions); and the underlying intellectual traditions (industrial democracy discourse).
Michael A. Bailey and Forrest Maltzman
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691151045
- eISBN:
- 9781400840267
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691151045.003.0005
- Subject:
- Law, Legal History
This chapter discusses how historical context and personal experiences influence the legal values of justices, but the connections are imperfect and unpredictable. It argues that legal values are not ...
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This chapter discusses how historical context and personal experiences influence the legal values of justices, but the connections are imperfect and unpredictable. It argues that legal values are not independent of politics. As legal regimes evolve, so too do the patterns of legal values that justices hold. Adhering to these legal values may lead justices to vote against their immediate policy preferences. Once a justice subscribes to a doctrine, it does indeed act as a constraint. But justices typically associate themselves with legal values that tend to promote their favored outcomes. Personal experiences also shape a justice's support for stare decisis. Whether previous experience is measured in federal or total terms, justices who had more experience as a judge before coming to the Court show higher levels of influence by precedent.Less
This chapter discusses how historical context and personal experiences influence the legal values of justices, but the connections are imperfect and unpredictable. It argues that legal values are not independent of politics. As legal regimes evolve, so too do the patterns of legal values that justices hold. Adhering to these legal values may lead justices to vote against their immediate policy preferences. Once a justice subscribes to a doctrine, it does indeed act as a constraint. But justices typically associate themselves with legal values that tend to promote their favored outcomes. Personal experiences also shape a justice's support for stare decisis. Whether previous experience is measured in federal or total terms, justices who had more experience as a judge before coming to the Court show higher levels of influence by precedent.
Paul D. Murray
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199216451
- eISBN:
- 9780191712173
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199216451.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology, Religion and Society
This chapter introduces the Receptive Ecumenism and Catholic Learning project, the key thinking that drives it, and its core theological, ecclesiological, and practical implications. It unfolds in ...
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This chapter introduces the Receptive Ecumenism and Catholic Learning project, the key thinking that drives it, and its core theological, ecclesiological, and practical implications. It unfolds in five steps. The first section briefly identifies the fundamental ecclesial-theological context and presuppositions within which the project is situated. The second and third sections deal, respectively, with the broader intellectual and ecclesial-historical contexts that have also helped shape the thinking and vision at work in the project. Sections four and five give full articulation to the twin key concepts of Receptive Ecumenism and Catholic Learning.Less
This chapter introduces the Receptive Ecumenism and Catholic Learning project, the key thinking that drives it, and its core theological, ecclesiological, and practical implications. It unfolds in five steps. The first section briefly identifies the fundamental ecclesial-theological context and presuppositions within which the project is situated. The second and third sections deal, respectively, with the broader intellectual and ecclesial-historical contexts that have also helped shape the thinking and vision at work in the project. Sections four and five give full articulation to the twin key concepts of Receptive Ecumenism and Catholic Learning.
Masahiko Aoki, Hugh Patrick, and Paul Sheard
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- August 2004
- ISBN:
- 9780198288992
- eISBN:
- 9780191601224
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198288999.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Financial Economics, South and East Asia
This chapter presents an overview of the Japanese main bank system. The first section characterizes the main bank system and examines how it operates as a nexus of relationships among firms, ...
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This chapter presents an overview of the Japanese main bank system. The first section characterizes the main bank system and examines how it operates as a nexus of relationships among firms, financiers, and regulators. The second section explores the main bank system in two contexts: its international comparative context and its historical context.Less
This chapter presents an overview of the Japanese main bank system. The first section characterizes the main bank system and examines how it operates as a nexus of relationships among firms, financiers, and regulators. The second section explores the main bank system in two contexts: its international comparative context and its historical context.
Robert Eisen
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199751471
- eISBN:
- 9780199894833
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751471.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Judaism
The concluding chapter summarizes the two readings of the Judaism that have been offered in this study. It also summarizes the reasons recurring throughout the study that explain why Jewish texts are ...
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The concluding chapter summarizes the two readings of the Judaism that have been offered in this study. It also summarizes the reasons recurring throughout the study that explain why Jewish texts are ambiguous as they are. Two widely different readings of Jewish texts are possible because of the ambiguities of meanings of specific words, phrases, or entire narratives; different texts presenting opposing viewpoints; uncertainties regarding the importance assigned to specific texts; differing approaches to the use of historical context in understanding a text; and differing assumptions on whether one should emphasize the moral progress of a text over earlier sources or its moral deficiencies compared with modern sources.Less
The concluding chapter summarizes the two readings of the Judaism that have been offered in this study. It also summarizes the reasons recurring throughout the study that explain why Jewish texts are ambiguous as they are. Two widely different readings of Jewish texts are possible because of the ambiguities of meanings of specific words, phrases, or entire narratives; different texts presenting opposing viewpoints; uncertainties regarding the importance assigned to specific texts; differing approaches to the use of historical context in understanding a text; and differing assumptions on whether one should emphasize the moral progress of a text over earlier sources or its moral deficiencies compared with modern sources.
Barbara Jo Fidler, Nicholas Bala, and Michael A. Saini
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199895496
- eISBN:
- 9780199980086
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199895496.003.0002
- Subject:
- Psychology, Forensic Psychology
This chapter provides an overview of the historical context relating to alienation, beginning with Richard Gardner's introduction of parental alienation syndrome, followed by a discussion of Kelly ...
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This chapter provides an overview of the historical context relating to alienation, beginning with Richard Gardner's introduction of parental alienation syndrome, followed by a discussion of Kelly and Johnston's reformulated model and further developments in the field. Next, it discusses the need for differentiating alienation from other types of parent-child contact problems, including justified rejection, and the challenges in making this distinction. It concludes by discussing the current debate about whether alienation is a diagnosis or “syndrome”.Less
This chapter provides an overview of the historical context relating to alienation, beginning with Richard Gardner's introduction of parental alienation syndrome, followed by a discussion of Kelly and Johnston's reformulated model and further developments in the field. Next, it discusses the need for differentiating alienation from other types of parent-child contact problems, including justified rejection, and the challenges in making this distinction. It concludes by discussing the current debate about whether alienation is a diagnosis or “syndrome”.
John A. Grigg
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780195372373
- eISBN:
- 9780199870868
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195372373.003.0008
- Subject:
- Religion, History of Christianity
The Conclusion summarizes the book's main themes and ideas about David Brainerd's life. The chapter states that David Brainerd, like most people, was a complex individual who can only be understood ...
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The Conclusion summarizes the book's main themes and ideas about David Brainerd's life. The chapter states that David Brainerd, like most people, was a complex individual who can only be understood within his own formative cultural and historical context. Finally the closing chapter concludes that examination of Brainerd's biographers, hagiographers, and others also tells us much about American religious culture.Less
The Conclusion summarizes the book's main themes and ideas about David Brainerd's life. The chapter states that David Brainerd, like most people, was a complex individual who can only be understood within his own formative cultural and historical context. Finally the closing chapter concludes that examination of Brainerd's biographers, hagiographers, and others also tells us much about American religious culture.
Rosanna Cox
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197264706
- eISBN:
- 9780191734557
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197264706.003.0007
- Subject:
- Literature, Milton Studies
This chapter investigates the seventeenth-century cultural and historical context of Milton's portrayal the relationship of Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost. This approach aims to bring the ...
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This chapter investigates the seventeenth-century cultural and historical context of Milton's portrayal the relationship of Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost. This approach aims to bring the intellectual, doctrinal, and political debates with which he engaged in his portrayal of the relationship between the sexes. The chapter examines Milton' understanding of the ideas of woman, womanhood, and the cultural debates about the relationship of man and woman in marriage and in the household, and the ways in which these conceptions formed his political and theological outlook. Milton's thoughts on gender and marriage, which were grounded in reformation and seventeenth-century Puritan teachings, in political debates on family and political obligation, and in the ideological and imaginative relationships between politics and gender, formed his prose and poetry on the relationship of man and woman.Less
This chapter investigates the seventeenth-century cultural and historical context of Milton's portrayal the relationship of Adam and Eve in Paradise Lost. This approach aims to bring the intellectual, doctrinal, and political debates with which he engaged in his portrayal of the relationship between the sexes. The chapter examines Milton' understanding of the ideas of woman, womanhood, and the cultural debates about the relationship of man and woman in marriage and in the household, and the ways in which these conceptions formed his political and theological outlook. Milton's thoughts on gender and marriage, which were grounded in reformation and seventeenth-century Puritan teachings, in political debates on family and political obligation, and in the ideological and imaginative relationships between politics and gender, formed his prose and poetry on the relationship of man and woman.
Adriaan T. Peperzak
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780823240173
- eISBN:
- 9780823240210
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823240173.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Mind
This book examines philosophy from a variety of perspectives as a practice realized by persons who communicate with one another while reflecting on the meaning of human life and thought. Without ...
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This book examines philosophy from a variety of perspectives as a practice realized by persons who communicate with one another while reflecting on the meaning of human life and thought. Without forgetting the logical and methodological conditions of systematic thought, the author insists on the intimate connections that tie all philosophical texts and conversations to the lives from which they emerge. As the product of an individual thinker, who, thanks to individual teachers, has been familiarized with particular traditions of a particular culture, each philosophy is unique. If it is a good one, it is also revealing for many—perhaps even for all—other philosophers. At the same time, all thinking is addressed to individual interlocutors, each of whom responds to it by transforming it into a different philosophy. This fact invites us to explore the dialogical dimension of thinking, which, in turn, refers us to the communitarian and historical contexts from which solitude, as well as solidarity, competition, alliances, and friendships in thought, emerge.Less
This book examines philosophy from a variety of perspectives as a practice realized by persons who communicate with one another while reflecting on the meaning of human life and thought. Without forgetting the logical and methodological conditions of systematic thought, the author insists on the intimate connections that tie all philosophical texts and conversations to the lives from which they emerge. As the product of an individual thinker, who, thanks to individual teachers, has been familiarized with particular traditions of a particular culture, each philosophy is unique. If it is a good one, it is also revealing for many—perhaps even for all—other philosophers. At the same time, all thinking is addressed to individual interlocutors, each of whom responds to it by transforming it into a different philosophy. This fact invites us to explore the dialogical dimension of thinking, which, in turn, refers us to the communitarian and historical contexts from which solitude, as well as solidarity, competition, alliances, and friendships in thought, emerge.
Christian Smith
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195371796
- eISBN:
- 9780199870899
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195371796.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter places the religious and spiritual lives of contemporary emerging adults in the historical context of the last quarter century and compares them, in the area of religion, to older adults ...
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This chapter places the religious and spiritual lives of contemporary emerging adults in the historical context of the last quarter century and compares them, in the area of religion, to older adults in more recent years. How different are emerging adults, as regards religion, from older adults today? How different are they from their age counterparts in previous decades? And how might those differences vary by religious tradition? These are the questions of life course and historical context that this brief chapter addresses.Less
This chapter places the religious and spiritual lives of contemporary emerging adults in the historical context of the last quarter century and compares them, in the area of religion, to older adults in more recent years. How different are emerging adults, as regards religion, from older adults today? How different are they from their age counterparts in previous decades? And how might those differences vary by religious tradition? These are the questions of life course and historical context that this brief chapter addresses.
Thomas Lewis
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199595594
- eISBN:
- 9780191729072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199595594.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion, Religion and Society
With this interpretation of Hegel's larger project to draw upon, the third chapter turns to Hegel's mature philosophy of religion itself. Understanding the multiple tasks that Hegel's philosophy of ...
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With this interpretation of Hegel's larger project to draw upon, the third chapter turns to Hegel's mature philosophy of religion itself. Understanding the multiple tasks that Hegel's philosophy of religion takes on requires situating it in relation to both the more immediate historical context and the systematic philosophical context. The former enables us to appreciate the social concerns that continue to occupy Hegel during the Napoleonic and post-Napoleonic periods. The latter addresses the movement from Hegel's logic through the emergence of the conception of spirit; it thus articulates the philosophical presuppositions of the starting point of Hegel's philosophy of religion.Less
With this interpretation of Hegel's larger project to draw upon, the third chapter turns to Hegel's mature philosophy of religion itself. Understanding the multiple tasks that Hegel's philosophy of religion takes on requires situating it in relation to both the more immediate historical context and the systematic philosophical context. The former enables us to appreciate the social concerns that continue to occupy Hegel during the Napoleonic and post-Napoleonic periods. The latter addresses the movement from Hegel's logic through the emergence of the conception of spirit; it thus articulates the philosophical presuppositions of the starting point of Hegel's philosophy of religion.
J. David Pleins
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199733637
- eISBN:
- 9780199852505
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199733637.003.0010
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies
Even if they believe in the Darwin's theories of evolution, people who assert the truth of the bible are stubborn as they would assume the stories in a historical context instead of adopting how ...
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Even if they believe in the Darwin's theories of evolution, people who assert the truth of the bible are stubborn as they would assume the stories in a historical context instead of adopting how other religions would emphasize the symbolisms that underlie such narratives. Although these people really believe in their faiths, the question arises on whether these believers have to search continuously for scientific evidences that could possibly support their claims. This chapter attempts to come up with general conclusions and views about the nature of such religious beliefs, science, and how these two very different elements when joined, produce a whole new perspective through exploring the validity of the Bible as a collection of historical facts and the potential significance of archaeology in analyzing such stories.Less
Even if they believe in the Darwin's theories of evolution, people who assert the truth of the bible are stubborn as they would assume the stories in a historical context instead of adopting how other religions would emphasize the symbolisms that underlie such narratives. Although these people really believe in their faiths, the question arises on whether these believers have to search continuously for scientific evidences that could possibly support their claims. This chapter attempts to come up with general conclusions and views about the nature of such religious beliefs, science, and how these two very different elements when joined, produce a whole new perspective through exploring the validity of the Bible as a collection of historical facts and the potential significance of archaeology in analyzing such stories.
Emidio Campi
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199751846
- eISBN:
- 9780199914562
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199751846.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
The chapter explores the question of Calvin's relationship to the Swiss Reformed churches, which has been largely ignored by historians with one or two exceptions. Yet there is no ignoring the fact ...
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The chapter explores the question of Calvin's relationship to the Swiss Reformed churches, which has been largely ignored by historians with one or two exceptions. Yet there is no ignoring the fact that Calvin developed in the context of the Swiss Confederation before becoming a figure of international importance. The chapter then examines Calvin's delicate relationship with Bernese and Zurich theologians, taking predestination and the Eucharist as starting points. The final section is devoted to the European repercussions of Calvin's thought. The chapter concludes that the myth of the solitary leader as promulgated by many historical studies is not applicable to Calvin any more than it is to Luther.Less
The chapter explores the question of Calvin's relationship to the Swiss Reformed churches, which has been largely ignored by historians with one or two exceptions. Yet there is no ignoring the fact that Calvin developed in the context of the Swiss Confederation before becoming a figure of international importance. The chapter then examines Calvin's delicate relationship with Bernese and Zurich theologians, taking predestination and the Eucharist as starting points. The final section is devoted to the European repercussions of Calvin's thought. The chapter concludes that the myth of the solitary leader as promulgated by many historical studies is not applicable to Calvin any more than it is to Luther.
Margaret Thorogood and Yolande Coombes (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2004
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780198528807
- eISBN:
- 9780191723964
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198528807.001.0001
- Subject:
- Public Health and Epidemiology, Public Health, Epidemiology
Health promotion is a relatively new discipline and there is little in the way of practical help choosing and implementing appropriate evaluation methods. As the demands for rigorous evaluation and ...
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Health promotion is a relatively new discipline and there is little in the way of practical help choosing and implementing appropriate evaluation methods. As the demands for rigorous evaluation and evidence-based decision-making increase, health promotion cannot ignore the need for accurate, reliable, and valid methods to carry out evaluation. This book provides descriptions (with plentiful practical examples) of such methods, and the problems that can arise from their implementation. The book sets the concepts of health promotion and evaluation in their historical context and highlights key issues in the evaluation of health promotion interventions. Both qualitative and quantitative methods that are commonly used are described and the problems and benefits that arise with their use are explained. Experiences in the practical implementation of evaluation are explained, with examples from a variety of different social, economic, and cultural contexts. In this edition new examples including evaluating social marketing and the difficulties of evaluating “hidden” problems such as intimate partner violence are explored.Less
Health promotion is a relatively new discipline and there is little in the way of practical help choosing and implementing appropriate evaluation methods. As the demands for rigorous evaluation and evidence-based decision-making increase, health promotion cannot ignore the need for accurate, reliable, and valid methods to carry out evaluation. This book provides descriptions (with plentiful practical examples) of such methods, and the problems that can arise from their implementation. The book sets the concepts of health promotion and evaluation in their historical context and highlights key issues in the evaluation of health promotion interventions. Both qualitative and quantitative methods that are commonly used are described and the problems and benefits that arise with their use are explained. Experiences in the practical implementation of evaluation are explained, with examples from a variety of different social, economic, and cultural contexts. In this edition new examples including evaluating social marketing and the difficulties of evaluating “hidden” problems such as intimate partner violence are explored.
Steffen Hindelang
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199572656
- eISBN:
- 9780191705540
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199572656.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, EU Law
The interpretation of any provision of the EC Treaty must be guided by its aims referred to in Article 2 EC. In order to prepare the foundation for a doctrinal analysis, this chapter starts off by ...
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The interpretation of any provision of the EC Treaty must be guided by its aims referred to in Article 2 EC. In order to prepare the foundation for a doctrinal analysis, this chapter starts off by setting out in which sense free, i.e., unrestricted, movement of capital within the Community helps in attaining the Treaty aims. In a second step, it assesses whether the findings just gained apply equally in a third-country context. It is argued that the aims pursued with the freedom of capital movement do not suggest a narrower interpretation of Article 56 (1) EC, but they favour free, i.e., liberalized, capital movement, including cross border direct investment, between the Member States and non EC countries. Moreover, the genesis of the rules on free movement of capital indicates a drive to (almost) complete liberalization of capital movement. It can hardly be doubted that the current provisions bear the hallmarks of the ‘economist camp’ and embrace a liberal undercurrent both in an intra-Community and a third-country context. The respective results reached guides the construction of the freedom throughout this book.Less
The interpretation of any provision of the EC Treaty must be guided by its aims referred to in Article 2 EC. In order to prepare the foundation for a doctrinal analysis, this chapter starts off by setting out in which sense free, i.e., unrestricted, movement of capital within the Community helps in attaining the Treaty aims. In a second step, it assesses whether the findings just gained apply equally in a third-country context. It is argued that the aims pursued with the freedom of capital movement do not suggest a narrower interpretation of Article 56 (1) EC, but they favour free, i.e., liberalized, capital movement, including cross border direct investment, between the Member States and non EC countries. Moreover, the genesis of the rules on free movement of capital indicates a drive to (almost) complete liberalization of capital movement. It can hardly be doubted that the current provisions bear the hallmarks of the ‘economist camp’ and embrace a liberal undercurrent both in an intra-Community and a third-country context. The respective results reached guides the construction of the freedom throughout this book.
Aysha A. Hidayatullah
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199359561
- eISBN:
- 9780199359608
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199359561.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Islam
This chapter tracks feminist Qur’anic interpretation’s use of the historical contextualization method, which entails: researching the occasion of a verse’s revelation (its sabab al-nuzul, pl. asbab ...
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This chapter tracks feminist Qur’anic interpretation’s use of the historical contextualization method, which entails: researching the occasion of a verse’s revelation (its sabab al-nuzul, pl. asbab al-nuzul); distinguishing between descriptive and prescriptive verses of the Qur’an (i.e., differentiating between verses that are describing the practices of the seventh-century Arabian audience to which it was directly addressed, and verses that are prescribing practices to all audiences); distinguishing between universal and particular verses (i.e., differentiating between verses that apply only to specific historical situations and those that apply to human beings generally); and identifying historical situations that shaped the context of revelation and subsequent exegesis of the Qur’an. The chapter outlines key feminist rereadings of Qur’anic verses, Qur’anic exegesis, and the Hadith, noting the lack of clarity in feminist Qur’anic interpretation’s methodological relationship to the Hadith.Less
This chapter tracks feminist Qur’anic interpretation’s use of the historical contextualization method, which entails: researching the occasion of a verse’s revelation (its sabab al-nuzul, pl. asbab al-nuzul); distinguishing between descriptive and prescriptive verses of the Qur’an (i.e., differentiating between verses that are describing the practices of the seventh-century Arabian audience to which it was directly addressed, and verses that are prescribing practices to all audiences); distinguishing between universal and particular verses (i.e., differentiating between verses that apply only to specific historical situations and those that apply to human beings generally); and identifying historical situations that shaped the context of revelation and subsequent exegesis of the Qur’an. The chapter outlines key feminist rereadings of Qur’anic verses, Qur’anic exegesis, and the Hadith, noting the lack of clarity in feminist Qur’anic interpretation’s methodological relationship to the Hadith.
Christina Van Dyke
Marcel van Ackeren and Lee Klein (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- January 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780197266298
- eISBN:
- 9780191872891
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266298.003.0010
- Subject:
- Philosophy, History of Philosophy
This chapter focuses on the corrective and complementary roles that a historically oriented approach can occupy in philosophical discussions. First, it argues that analysis of the development of key ...
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This chapter focuses on the corrective and complementary roles that a historically oriented approach can occupy in philosophical discussions. First, it argues that analysis of the development of key definitions, concepts, principles and so forth can often illuminate problematic prejudices that should motivate a re-examination of the philosophical considerations in their favour. Second, it claims that this re-examination should involve looking at the relevant historical context in which the idea developed. Third, it demonstrates (via the case study of medieval mysticism and modern conceptions of mystical experience) that turning to the relevant historical context can sometimes provide viable philosophical resources with which to complement existing discussions. The chapter concludes by suggesting that this approach can also help philosophers engage in meaningful interaction with scholars working on similar topics in other disciplines.Less
This chapter focuses on the corrective and complementary roles that a historically oriented approach can occupy in philosophical discussions. First, it argues that analysis of the development of key definitions, concepts, principles and so forth can often illuminate problematic prejudices that should motivate a re-examination of the philosophical considerations in their favour. Second, it claims that this re-examination should involve looking at the relevant historical context in which the idea developed. Third, it demonstrates (via the case study of medieval mysticism and modern conceptions of mystical experience) that turning to the relevant historical context can sometimes provide viable philosophical resources with which to complement existing discussions. The chapter concludes by suggesting that this approach can also help philosophers engage in meaningful interaction with scholars working on similar topics in other disciplines.
