David Harrington Watt
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195068344
- eISBN:
- 9780199834822
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195068343.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This book focuses on the relationship between conservative Protestants and social power in the U.S. The book, which is particularly concerned with which sorts of power relationships seem natural and ...
More
This book focuses on the relationship between conservative Protestants and social power in the U.S. The book, which is particularly concerned with which sorts of power relationships seem natural and which do not, is based on fieldwork (conducted in the early 1990s), in three Philadelphia churches: Oak Grove Church, Philadelphia Mennonite Fellowship, and the Philadelphia Church of Christ. The data drawn from that fieldwork suggests that in the early 1990s, Bible‐carrying Christian churches tended to naturalize (to various degrees) the authority of heterosexuals and men. The data also suggested that under certain (relatively rare) circumstances Bible‐carrying Christian churches denaturalized the authority of ministers, corporations, and nation‐states.Less
This book focuses on the relationship between conservative Protestants and social power in the U.S. The book, which is particularly concerned with which sorts of power relationships seem natural and which do not, is based on fieldwork (conducted in the early 1990s), in three Philadelphia churches: Oak Grove Church, Philadelphia Mennonite Fellowship, and the Philadelphia Church of Christ. The data drawn from that fieldwork suggests that in the early 1990s, Bible‐carrying Christian churches tended to naturalize (to various degrees) the authority of heterosexuals and men. The data also suggested that under certain (relatively rare) circumstances Bible‐carrying Christian churches denaturalized the authority of ministers, corporations, and nation‐states.
David Harrington Watt
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195068344
- eISBN:
- 9780199834822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195068343.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Fieldwork conducted in the early 1990s at Oak Grove Church, Oak Grove Christian Academy, the Philadelphia Mennonite Fellowship, and the Philadelphia Church of Christ produced a great deal of data ...
More
Fieldwork conducted in the early 1990s at Oak Grove Church, Oak Grove Christian Academy, the Philadelphia Mennonite Fellowship, and the Philadelphia Church of Christ produced a great deal of data that suggest that in the early 1990s Bible‐carrying Christian churches tended to naturalize (to various degrees) the authority of heterosexuals and of men. The data also suggested that under certain (relatively rare) circumstances, Bible‐carrying Christian churches denaturalized the authority of ministers, corporations, and nation‐states.Less
Fieldwork conducted in the early 1990s at Oak Grove Church, Oak Grove Christian Academy, the Philadelphia Mennonite Fellowship, and the Philadelphia Church of Christ produced a great deal of data that suggest that in the early 1990s Bible‐carrying Christian churches tended to naturalize (to various degrees) the authority of heterosexuals and of men. The data also suggested that under certain (relatively rare) circumstances, Bible‐carrying Christian churches denaturalized the authority of ministers, corporations, and nation‐states.
Amy C. Steinbugler
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199743551
- eISBN:
- 9780199979370
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199743551.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This book examines interracial intimacy in the beginning of the twenty-first century, an era rife with racial contradictions in which interracial relationships are increasingly seen as ...
More
This book examines interracial intimacy in the beginning of the twenty-first century, an era rife with racial contradictions in which interracial relationships are increasingly seen as forward-thinking symbols of racial progress, even as old stereotypes about illicit eroticism endure. With extensive qualitative research, this book examines the racial dynamics of everyday life for lesbian, gay, and heterosexual Black/White couples. It disputes the notion that interracial partners are enlightened subjects who have somehow managed to “get beyond” race. Instead, for many partners interracial intimacy represents not the end, but rather the beginning of a sustained process of negotiating racial differences. This research reveals the ordinary challenges that partners frequently face and the myriad ways in which race shapes partners’ interactions with each other, as well as with family members, neighbors, coworkers, and strangers.This book analyzes contemporary interracial lives through the lens of “racework”: the everyday actions and strategies by which individuals maintain close relationships in a society with deeply rooted racial inequalities. It explores how racework operates in three realms: public spaces, the internal dynamics of relationships, and in the construction of interracial identities. Comparing the experiences of gay and lesbian partners with heterosexual partners, it argues that sexuality and gender play a significant role in how partners use racework in negotiating public spaces and identities, but a minor role in how partners deal with inequalities inside their relationship. With a focus on racework, this book positions interracial intimacy as an ongoing process, rather than as a singular accomplishment.Less
This book examines interracial intimacy in the beginning of the twenty-first century, an era rife with racial contradictions in which interracial relationships are increasingly seen as forward-thinking symbols of racial progress, even as old stereotypes about illicit eroticism endure. With extensive qualitative research, this book examines the racial dynamics of everyday life for lesbian, gay, and heterosexual Black/White couples. It disputes the notion that interracial partners are enlightened subjects who have somehow managed to “get beyond” race. Instead, for many partners interracial intimacy represents not the end, but rather the beginning of a sustained process of negotiating racial differences. This research reveals the ordinary challenges that partners frequently face and the myriad ways in which race shapes partners’ interactions with each other, as well as with family members, neighbors, coworkers, and strangers.This book analyzes contemporary interracial lives through the lens of “racework”: the everyday actions and strategies by which individuals maintain close relationships in a society with deeply rooted racial inequalities. It explores how racework operates in three realms: public spaces, the internal dynamics of relationships, and in the construction of interracial identities. Comparing the experiences of gay and lesbian partners with heterosexual partners, it argues that sexuality and gender play a significant role in how partners use racework in negotiating public spaces and identities, but a minor role in how partners deal with inequalities inside their relationship. With a focus on racework, this book positions interracial intimacy as an ongoing process, rather than as a singular accomplishment.
Stephen Macedo
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691166483
- eISBN:
- 9781400865857
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691166483.003.0003
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
This chapter examines the philosophical argument, grounded in natural law, for regarding marriage as necessarily the union of one man and one woman. It first considers whether marriage is by nature ...
More
This chapter examines the philosophical argument, grounded in natural law, for regarding marriage as necessarily the union of one man and one woman. It first considers whether marriage is by nature heterosexual by discussing the claims advanced by Sherif Girgis, Ryan T. Anderson, and Robert P. George in their book What Is Marriage? Man and Woman—A Defense. In particular, it explores the New Natural Law defense of marriage as necessarily the relation of one man and one woman, its endorsement of sex within the marriages of sterile heterosexuals as not only permissible but good, and its insistence that only heterosexual couples can be married because only their unions can be oriented toward having and raising children. The chapter shows that natural law arguments fail to provide a reasoned basis for excluding same-sex couples from the civil institution of marriage.Less
This chapter examines the philosophical argument, grounded in natural law, for regarding marriage as necessarily the union of one man and one woman. It first considers whether marriage is by nature heterosexual by discussing the claims advanced by Sherif Girgis, Ryan T. Anderson, and Robert P. George in their book What Is Marriage? Man and Woman—A Defense. In particular, it explores the New Natural Law defense of marriage as necessarily the relation of one man and one woman, its endorsement of sex within the marriages of sterile heterosexuals as not only permissible but good, and its insistence that only heterosexual couples can be married because only their unions can be oriented toward having and raising children. The chapter shows that natural law arguments fail to provide a reasoned basis for excluding same-sex couples from the civil institution of marriage.
Mark D. Regnerus
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195320947
- eISBN:
- 9780199785452
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195320947.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter traces the development of adolescent heterosexual ethics and norms, including their motivations to avoid sex or engage in sex. It documents what types of adolescents are likely to take ...
More
This chapter traces the development of adolescent heterosexual ethics and norms, including their motivations to avoid sex or engage in sex. It documents what types of adolescents are likely to take abstinence pledges, how well they work, and the sexual and familial idealism they portray. It also explores the popular but vaguely defined theme of “emotional readiness” as a barometer of sexual preparedness.Less
This chapter traces the development of adolescent heterosexual ethics and norms, including their motivations to avoid sex or engage in sex. It documents what types of adolescents are likely to take abstinence pledges, how well they work, and the sexual and familial idealism they portray. It also explores the popular but vaguely defined theme of “emotional readiness” as a barometer of sexual preparedness.
Mark D. Regnerus
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- May 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195320947
- eISBN:
- 9780199785452
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195320947.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter focuses on actual sexual behavior: teenagers' experience of “first sex”, their patterns of heterosexual behavior after losing their virginity, and some adolescents' regrets about sexual ...
More
This chapter focuses on actual sexual behavior: teenagers' experience of “first sex”, their patterns of heterosexual behavior after losing their virginity, and some adolescents' regrets about sexual activity. It also documents adolescents' thoughts about contraception and differential use of contraception. Several key stories emerge in this chapter — about race, evangelicalism, and what sociologists call “plausibility structures”.Less
This chapter focuses on actual sexual behavior: teenagers' experience of “first sex”, their patterns of heterosexual behavior after losing their virginity, and some adolescents' regrets about sexual activity. It also documents adolescents' thoughts about contraception and differential use of contraception. Several key stories emerge in this chapter — about race, evangelicalism, and what sociologists call “plausibility structures”.
Stephen Macedo
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691166483
- eISBN:
- 9781400865857
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691166483.003.0004
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
This chapter examines conservative arguments from the gendered nature of marriage as a relation of husband and wife, and others based on children's interests. It first considers the conservatives' ...
More
This chapter examines conservative arguments from the gendered nature of marriage as a relation of husband and wife, and others based on children's interests. It first considers the conservatives' idea of marriage as an essentially gendered relationship of husband and wife before discussing the debate in the U.S. Senate in 2004 over a Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) to the Constitution. In particular, it explores two main claims advanced by Republican supporters of the FMA on the Senate floor: first, that traditional heterosexual marriage tends to promote children's wellbeing (which is true), and, second, that same-sex matrimony would damage or destroy heterosexual marriage. The chapter proceeds by reviewing the evidence regarding the impact of same-sex marriage on children's welfare and concludes by asking whether greater acceptance of marriages between gay males could contribute to the weakening of marriage.Less
This chapter examines conservative arguments from the gendered nature of marriage as a relation of husband and wife, and others based on children's interests. It first considers the conservatives' idea of marriage as an essentially gendered relationship of husband and wife before discussing the debate in the U.S. Senate in 2004 over a Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA) to the Constitution. In particular, it explores two main claims advanced by Republican supporters of the FMA on the Senate floor: first, that traditional heterosexual marriage tends to promote children's wellbeing (which is true), and, second, that same-sex matrimony would damage or destroy heterosexual marriage. The chapter proceeds by reviewing the evidence regarding the impact of same-sex marriage on children's welfare and concludes by asking whether greater acceptance of marriages between gay males could contribute to the weakening of marriage.
Kathrina Glitre
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719070785
- eISBN:
- 9781781700990
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719070785.003.0031
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
Comedy was in reality the most serious genre in Hollywood—in the sense that it reflected, through the comic mode, the deepest moral and social beliefs of American life. The Hollywood romantic ...
More
Comedy was in reality the most serious genre in Hollywood—in the sense that it reflected, through the comic mode, the deepest moral and social beliefs of American life. The Hollywood romantic comedy's articulation of the ideology of heterosexual love, marriage and desire is far from consistent, and certainly reflects many of the deep-seated anxieties of the cultures which produced it. Hollywood comedy's seriousness lies in its accurate reflection of ordinary American beliefs, the instabilities and excesses of the films. Hollywood romantic comedy not only reflects American ideology but also interrogates and negotiates its contradictions. The couples in the films are extraordinary because they somehow manage to find happiness despite the deepest moral and social beliefs of the American life. Considering this, the chapter explains the ideological implications of the extraordinary status of Hollywood romantic comedy films from three different perspectives: the ideology of romantic love; the structures of romance; and the limitations of the ideal.Less
Comedy was in reality the most serious genre in Hollywood—in the sense that it reflected, through the comic mode, the deepest moral and social beliefs of American life. The Hollywood romantic comedy's articulation of the ideology of heterosexual love, marriage and desire is far from consistent, and certainly reflects many of the deep-seated anxieties of the cultures which produced it. Hollywood comedy's seriousness lies in its accurate reflection of ordinary American beliefs, the instabilities and excesses of the films. Hollywood romantic comedy not only reflects American ideology but also interrogates and negotiates its contradictions. The couples in the films are extraordinary because they somehow manage to find happiness despite the deepest moral and social beliefs of the American life. Considering this, the chapter explains the ideological implications of the extraordinary status of Hollywood romantic comedy films from three different perspectives: the ideology of romantic love; the structures of romance; and the limitations of the ideal.
Kathrina Glitre
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- July 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780719070785
- eISBN:
- 9781781700990
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719070785.001.0001
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
Hollywood romantic comedy inevitably ends with the union of a heterosexual couple. But does this union inevitably involve marriage? What part does equality play? Are love and desire identical? This ...
More
Hollywood romantic comedy inevitably ends with the union of a heterosexual couple. But does this union inevitably involve marriage? What part does equality play? Are love and desire identical? This book explores the genre's changing representation of the couple, focusing on marriage, equality and desire in screwball comedy, career woman comedy and sex comedy. The shifting discourses around heterosexuality, gender, romance and love are considered in relation to such socio-historical transformations as the emergence of companionate marriage, war-time gender roles and the impact of post-war consumerism. Going well beyond the usual screwball territory, the book provides an understanding of the functions of conventions such as masquerade, gender inversion and the happy ending. This is complemented by a distinctive focus on individual films and their star couples, including detailed discussion of Myrna Loy and William Powell, Katharine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy, and Doris Day and Rock Hudson. The book offers foundational explanations of genre and an analysis of cycles and films.Less
Hollywood romantic comedy inevitably ends with the union of a heterosexual couple. But does this union inevitably involve marriage? What part does equality play? Are love and desire identical? This book explores the genre's changing representation of the couple, focusing on marriage, equality and desire in screwball comedy, career woman comedy and sex comedy. The shifting discourses around heterosexuality, gender, romance and love are considered in relation to such socio-historical transformations as the emergence of companionate marriage, war-time gender roles and the impact of post-war consumerism. Going well beyond the usual screwball territory, the book provides an understanding of the functions of conventions such as masquerade, gender inversion and the happy ending. This is complemented by a distinctive focus on individual films and their star couples, including detailed discussion of Myrna Loy and William Powell, Katharine Hepburn and Spencer Tracy, and Doris Day and Rock Hudson. The book offers foundational explanations of genre and an analysis of cycles and films.
Harry Brighouse and Adam Swift
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691126913
- eISBN:
- 9781400852543
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691126913.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Political Philosophy
The family is hotly contested ideological terrain. Some defend the traditional two-parent heterosexual family while others welcome its demise. Opinions vary about how much control parents should have ...
More
The family is hotly contested ideological terrain. Some defend the traditional two-parent heterosexual family while others welcome its demise. Opinions vary about how much control parents should have over their children's upbringing. This book provides a major new theoretical account of the morality and politics of the family, telling us why the family is valuable, who has the right to parent, and what rights parents should—and should not—have over their children. The book argues that parent–child relationships produce the “familial relationship goods” that people need to flourish. Children's healthy development depends on intimate relationships with authoritative adults, while the distinctive joys and challenges of parenting are part of a fulfilling life for adults. Yet the relationships that make these goods possible have little to do with biology, and do not require the extensive rights that parents currently enjoy. Challenging some of our most commonly held beliefs about the family, the book explains why a child's interest in autonomy severely limits parents' right to shape their children's values, and why parents have no fundamental right to confer wealth or advantage on their children. The book reaffirms the vital importance of the family as a social institution while challenging its role in the reproduction of social inequality and carefully balancing the interests of parents and children.Less
The family is hotly contested ideological terrain. Some defend the traditional two-parent heterosexual family while others welcome its demise. Opinions vary about how much control parents should have over their children's upbringing. This book provides a major new theoretical account of the morality and politics of the family, telling us why the family is valuable, who has the right to parent, and what rights parents should—and should not—have over their children. The book argues that parent–child relationships produce the “familial relationship goods” that people need to flourish. Children's healthy development depends on intimate relationships with authoritative adults, while the distinctive joys and challenges of parenting are part of a fulfilling life for adults. Yet the relationships that make these goods possible have little to do with biology, and do not require the extensive rights that parents currently enjoy. Challenging some of our most commonly held beliefs about the family, the book explains why a child's interest in autonomy severely limits parents' right to shape their children's values, and why parents have no fundamental right to confer wealth or advantage on their children. The book reaffirms the vital importance of the family as a social institution while challenging its role in the reproduction of social inequality and carefully balancing the interests of parents and children.
David Harrington Watt
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195068344
- eISBN:
- 9780199834822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195068343.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This book uses data drawn from fieldwork to check the accuracy of one of the stories that scholars often tell about Bible‐carrying Christian churches. According to that story, such churches ...
More
This book uses data drawn from fieldwork to check the accuracy of one of the stories that scholars often tell about Bible‐carrying Christian churches. According to that story, such churches naturalize asymmetrical power relations. They teach people that it is natural for Christians to defer to the desires of corporations and nation‐states; for lay people to defer to ministers; for homosexuals to defer to heterosexuals; and for women to defer to men.Less
This book uses data drawn from fieldwork to check the accuracy of one of the stories that scholars often tell about Bible‐carrying Christian churches. According to that story, such churches naturalize asymmetrical power relations. They teach people that it is natural for Christians to defer to the desires of corporations and nation‐states; for lay people to defer to ministers; for homosexuals to defer to heterosexuals; and for women to defer to men.
David Harrington Watt
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195068344
- eISBN:
- 9780199834822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195068343.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Oak Grove Church and the school that was associated with it (Oak Grove Christian Academy) were located in Olney – a Philadelphia neighborhood that had once been solidly working class, but which had ...
More
Oak Grove Church and the school that was associated with it (Oak Grove Christian Academy) were located in Olney – a Philadelphia neighborhood that had once been solidly working class, but which had in more recent decades fallen on hard times. Oak Grove Church and Oak Grove Christian Academy were both rooted in the traditions of fundamentalism. Both institutions embodied many of the attitudes associated with the New Christian Right. Although the church and the school were not places where people were taught that Christians always ought to do what corporations want them to do, they were places where the free enterprise system was greatly respected. The school and the church were also places where the importance of submitting to the authority of teachers and ministers was emphasized consistently. Both the school and the church naturalized the authority of men, of heterosexuals, and of nation‐states.Less
Oak Grove Church and the school that was associated with it (Oak Grove Christian Academy) were located in Olney – a Philadelphia neighborhood that had once been solidly working class, but which had in more recent decades fallen on hard times. Oak Grove Church and Oak Grove Christian Academy were both rooted in the traditions of fundamentalism. Both institutions embodied many of the attitudes associated with the New Christian Right. Although the church and the school were not places where people were taught that Christians always ought to do what corporations want them to do, they were places where the free enterprise system was greatly respected. The school and the church were also places where the importance of submitting to the authority of teachers and ministers was emphasized consistently. Both the school and the church naturalized the authority of men, of heterosexuals, and of nation‐states.
David Harrington Watt
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780195068344
- eISBN:
- 9780199834822
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195068343.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
The Philadelphia Church of Christ, a congregation associated with a movement called the International Churches of Christ, put a great deal of emphasis on the importance of rapid church growth. The ...
More
The Philadelphia Church of Christ, a congregation associated with a movement called the International Churches of Christ, put a great deal of emphasis on the importance of rapid church growth. The congregation was a place where people were taught that it is a mistake for Christians to pour too much energy into resisting the power of nation‐states or corporations. At the Philadelphia Church of Christ, people were taught that it is natural for women to defer to men and for homosexuals to defer to heterosexuals. People were taught, too, that it is imperative for Christians to unhesitatingly follow directions given to them by ministers and by other church authorities.Less
The Philadelphia Church of Christ, a congregation associated with a movement called the International Churches of Christ, put a great deal of emphasis on the importance of rapid church growth. The congregation was a place where people were taught that it is a mistake for Christians to pour too much energy into resisting the power of nation‐states or corporations. At the Philadelphia Church of Christ, people were taught that it is natural for women to defer to men and for homosexuals to defer to heterosexuals. People were taught, too, that it is imperative for Christians to unhesitatingly follow directions given to them by ministers and by other church authorities.
Melanie Heath
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814737125
- eISBN:
- 9780814744901
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814737125.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
The meaning and significance of the institution of marriage has engendered angry and boisterous battles across the United States. While the efforts of lesbians and gay men to make marriage accessible ...
More
The meaning and significance of the institution of marriage has engendered angry and boisterous battles across the United States. While the efforts of lesbians and gay men to make marriage accessible to same-sex couples have seen increasing success, these initiatives have sparked a backlash as campaigns are waged to “protect” heterosexual marriage in America. Less in the public eye is government legislation that embraces the idea of marriage promotion as a necessary societal good. This book uncovers broad cultural anxieties that fuel on-the-ground practices to reinforce a boundary of heterosexual marriage, questioning why marriage has become an issue of pervasive national preoccupation and anxiety, and explores the impact of policies that seek to reinstitutionalize heterosexual marriage in American society. From marriage workshops for the general public to relationship classes for welfare recipients to marriage education in high school classrooms, the book documents in meticulous detail the inner workings of ideologies of gender and heterosexuality in the practice of marriage promotion to fortify a concept of “one marriage,” an Anglo-American ideal of Christian, heterosexual monogamy.Less
The meaning and significance of the institution of marriage has engendered angry and boisterous battles across the United States. While the efforts of lesbians and gay men to make marriage accessible to same-sex couples have seen increasing success, these initiatives have sparked a backlash as campaigns are waged to “protect” heterosexual marriage in America. Less in the public eye is government legislation that embraces the idea of marriage promotion as a necessary societal good. This book uncovers broad cultural anxieties that fuel on-the-ground practices to reinforce a boundary of heterosexual marriage, questioning why marriage has become an issue of pervasive national preoccupation and anxiety, and explores the impact of policies that seek to reinstitutionalize heterosexual marriage in American society. From marriage workshops for the general public to relationship classes for welfare recipients to marriage education in high school classrooms, the book documents in meticulous detail the inner workings of ideologies of gender and heterosexuality in the practice of marriage promotion to fortify a concept of “one marriage,” an Anglo-American ideal of Christian, heterosexual monogamy.
David Clark
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199558155
- eISBN:
- 9780191721342
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558155.003.0002
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature, Anglo-Saxon / Old English Literature
The first chapter analyses three poems most often considered to be about heterosexual romantic love as a means of destabilizing at the outset assumptions often made about Old English texts. It argues ...
More
The first chapter analyses three poems most often considered to be about heterosexual romantic love as a means of destabilizing at the outset assumptions often made about Old English texts. It argues that such interpretations often rest upon heterosexist and anachronistic preconceptions which are invisible because they lay implicit claim to be normative. It also reviews the arguments which claim male narrators for Wulf and Eadwacer and The Wife's Lament and the reception of these critical manoeuvres. It concludes with a call to examine more rigorously our cultural assumptions about the Anglo‐Saxon period and its literature, and by acknowledging the primacy of homosocial desire.Less
The first chapter analyses three poems most often considered to be about heterosexual romantic love as a means of destabilizing at the outset assumptions often made about Old English texts. It argues that such interpretations often rest upon heterosexist and anachronistic preconceptions which are invisible because they lay implicit claim to be normative. It also reviews the arguments which claim male narrators for Wulf and Eadwacer and The Wife's Lament and the reception of these critical manoeuvres. It concludes with a call to examine more rigorously our cultural assumptions about the Anglo‐Saxon period and its literature, and by acknowledging the primacy of homosocial desire.
Heather R. White
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469624112
- eISBN:
- 9781469624792
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469624112.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religious Studies
This chapter describes a series of theological skirmishes that took place in the late 1960s between mainline Protestant denominations. It traces the emergence of a heterosexual consensus, where ...
More
This chapter describes a series of theological skirmishes that took place in the late 1960s between mainline Protestant denominations. It traces the emergence of a heterosexual consensus, where Protestants across the theological and political spectrum adopted modern paradigms for sexuality into both conservative and liberal theological frameworks. The battle pitted defenders of traditional morality against liberals accused of peddling a faithless “new morality.” One conflict emerged from a committee report written by Presbyterians. The debate over this document connected to larger concerns about religion and sex in the late 1960s and early 1970s, a moment at which the “sexual revolution” was at a breaking point. Additionally, a hot-button political issue at this time was sexuality education, and Presbyterians were hardly alone in navigating denomination-wide skirmishes over sexual morality. Similar debates roiled other mainline denominations, and they also surfaced in arguments over local public school sex education curricula.Less
This chapter describes a series of theological skirmishes that took place in the late 1960s between mainline Protestant denominations. It traces the emergence of a heterosexual consensus, where Protestants across the theological and political spectrum adopted modern paradigms for sexuality into both conservative and liberal theological frameworks. The battle pitted defenders of traditional morality against liberals accused of peddling a faithless “new morality.” One conflict emerged from a committee report written by Presbyterians. The debate over this document connected to larger concerns about religion and sex in the late 1960s and early 1970s, a moment at which the “sexual revolution” was at a breaking point. Additionally, a hot-button political issue at this time was sexuality education, and Presbyterians were hardly alone in navigating denomination-wide skirmishes over sexual morality. Similar debates roiled other mainline denominations, and they also surfaced in arguments over local public school sex education curricula.
Mark McCormack
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199778249
- eISBN:
- 9780199933051
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199778249.003.0024
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology
Although previous chapters document an absence of homophobia, this does not mean that there heterosexuality and homosexuality are equally privileged. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on processes of ...
More
Although previous chapters document an absence of homophobia, this does not mean that there heterosexuality and homosexuality are equally privileged. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on processes of heteronormativity in these schools. It is found that this primarily occurs through heterosexual recuperation. Here, boys ironically proclaim same-sex desire (both verbally and physically) to consolidate their heterosexual identity. However, while this may promote heterosexuality, it is nonetheless consistent with the students’ pro-gay attitudes and the chapter also documents occasions when such behaviors bond gay and straight students.Less
Although previous chapters document an absence of homophobia, this does not mean that there heterosexuality and homosexuality are equally privileged. Accordingly, this chapter focuses on processes of heteronormativity in these schools. It is found that this primarily occurs through heterosexual recuperation. Here, boys ironically proclaim same-sex desire (both verbally and physically) to consolidate their heterosexual identity. However, while this may promote heterosexuality, it is nonetheless consistent with the students’ pro-gay attitudes and the chapter also documents occasions when such behaviors bond gay and straight students.
Amanda H. Littauer
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469623788
- eISBN:
- 9781469625195
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469623788.003.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gender Studies
This introductory chapter traces the rise of sexual autonomy among young American women. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, urbanization presented opportunities for many young women to pursue ...
More
This introductory chapter traces the rise of sexual autonomy among young American women. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, urbanization presented opportunities for many young women to pursue sexual relationships outside of heterosexual marriage. This further developed in the earlier half of the twentieth century when immigrant and working-class young women explored the amusements and commercial opportunities of city life, often on the arms of young men who paid for sex. Younger girls joined in despite scrutiny from the new juvenile courts. The rise of dating practices eroded parental and community control, and prostitution lost ground to taxi dancing, stripping, and erotic dancing. The period also saw the legalization of contraception and birth control which accelerated the separation of heterosexual sex from reproduction. In all of these ways, the sexual culture before World War II was already shifting and changing, opening up certain possibilities for sexual independence.Less
This introductory chapter traces the rise of sexual autonomy among young American women. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, urbanization presented opportunities for many young women to pursue sexual relationships outside of heterosexual marriage. This further developed in the earlier half of the twentieth century when immigrant and working-class young women explored the amusements and commercial opportunities of city life, often on the arms of young men who paid for sex. Younger girls joined in despite scrutiny from the new juvenile courts. The rise of dating practices eroded parental and community control, and prostitution lost ground to taxi dancing, stripping, and erotic dancing. The period also saw the legalization of contraception and birth control which accelerated the separation of heterosexual sex from reproduction. In all of these ways, the sexual culture before World War II was already shifting and changing, opening up certain possibilities for sexual independence.
Amanda H. Littauer
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781469623788
- eISBN:
- 9781469625195
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/northcarolina/9781469623788.003.0003
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gender Studies
This chapter explores the history of the “B-girls”—young women employed by bars or nightclubs to act as a companion to male customers and to induce them to buy drinks, and usually paid a percentage ...
More
This chapter explores the history of the “B-girls”—young women employed by bars or nightclubs to act as a companion to male customers and to induce them to buy drinks, and usually paid a percentage of what the customers spent. B-girls were part of important changes in sexual and commercial culture in the 1940s and 1950s. During World War II, they joined prostitutes, pickups, and victory girls in bar-based heterosexual encounters, strategically adapting their practices to evade social protection authorities. This further developed in the 1950s when the B-girls created a professional subculture which blurred the line between commercial and casual sex and took advantage of citizens' declining support for legal campaigns to control women's sexuality. With creativity and ingenuity, mid-century drink solicitors expanded the possibilities for women's sexual license.Less
This chapter explores the history of the “B-girls”—young women employed by bars or nightclubs to act as a companion to male customers and to induce them to buy drinks, and usually paid a percentage of what the customers spent. B-girls were part of important changes in sexual and commercial culture in the 1940s and 1950s. During World War II, they joined prostitutes, pickups, and victory girls in bar-based heterosexual encounters, strategically adapting their practices to evade social protection authorities. This further developed in the 1950s when the B-girls created a professional subculture which blurred the line between commercial and casual sex and took advantage of citizens' declining support for legal campaigns to control women's sexuality. With creativity and ingenuity, mid-century drink solicitors expanded the possibilities for women's sexual license.
Virginia Berridge
- Published in print:
- 1996
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198204725
- eISBN:
- 9780191676376
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198204725.003.0011
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Modern History
In the 1990s the image of AIDS began to change. Mainstreaming and normalization continued and gathered pace as epidemiology, forecasting, and modelling cast further doubts on the immediacy of rapid ...
More
In the 1990s the image of AIDS began to change. Mainstreaming and normalization continued and gathered pace as epidemiology, forecasting, and modelling cast further doubts on the immediacy of rapid heterosexual spread. Alliances shifted and the gay response to AIDS also began to fragment. The general downgrading of AIDS as a policy issue continued. One of the first decisions in the new decade was to settle a long-standing policy issue with a considerable sum of government money. An impressive coalition from all parties gathered round the specific issue of compensation. The All Parliamentary Group published a pamphlet titled ‘HIV/ATDS: Is the Heterosexual Population at Risk?.’ Issues concerning gays and haemophiliacs were discussed in this leaflet with reference to myths concerning heterosexual AIDS.Less
In the 1990s the image of AIDS began to change. Mainstreaming and normalization continued and gathered pace as epidemiology, forecasting, and modelling cast further doubts on the immediacy of rapid heterosexual spread. Alliances shifted and the gay response to AIDS also began to fragment. The general downgrading of AIDS as a policy issue continued. One of the first decisions in the new decade was to settle a long-standing policy issue with a considerable sum of government money. An impressive coalition from all parties gathered round the specific issue of compensation. The All Parliamentary Group published a pamphlet titled ‘HIV/ATDS: Is the Heterosexual Population at Risk?.’ Issues concerning gays and haemophiliacs were discussed in this leaflet with reference to myths concerning heterosexual AIDS.
