David Clark
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- May 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199558155
- eISBN:
- 9780191721342
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558155.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Early and Medieval Literature, Anglo-Saxon / Old English Literature
This book argues for the importance of synoptically examining the whole range of same‐sex relations in the Anglo‐Saxon period, revisiting well‐known texts and issues (as well as material often ...
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This book argues for the importance of synoptically examining the whole range of same‐sex relations in the Anglo‐Saxon period, revisiting well‐known texts and issues (as well as material often considered marginal) from a radically different perspective. The introductory chapters first lay out the premises underlying the book and its critical context, then emphasise the need to avoid modern cultural assumptions about both male‐female and male‐male relationships, and underline the paramount place of homosocial bonds in Old English literature. Part II then investigates the construction of and attitudes to same‐sex acts and identities in ethnographic, penitential, and theological texts, ranging widely throughout the Old English corpus and drawing on Classical, Medieval Latin, and Old Norse material. Part III expands the focus to homosocial bonds in Old English literature in order to explore the range of associations for same‐sex intimacy and their representation in literary texts such as Genesis A, Beowulf, The Battle of Maldon, The Dream of the Rood, The Phoenix, and Ælfric's Lives of Saints. During the course of the book's argument, it uncovers several under‐researched issues and suggests fruitful approaches for their investigation. It concludes that, in omitting to ask certain questions of Anglo‐Saxon material, in being too willing to accept the status quo indicated by the extant corpus, in uncritically importing invisible (because normative) heterosexist assumptions in our reading, we risk misrepresenting the diversity and complexity that a more nuanced approach to issues of gender and sexuality suggests may be more genuinely characteristic of the period.Less
This book argues for the importance of synoptically examining the whole range of same‐sex relations in the Anglo‐Saxon period, revisiting well‐known texts and issues (as well as material often considered marginal) from a radically different perspective. The introductory chapters first lay out the premises underlying the book and its critical context, then emphasise the need to avoid modern cultural assumptions about both male‐female and male‐male relationships, and underline the paramount place of homosocial bonds in Old English literature. Part II then investigates the construction of and attitudes to same‐sex acts and identities in ethnographic, penitential, and theological texts, ranging widely throughout the Old English corpus and drawing on Classical, Medieval Latin, and Old Norse material. Part III expands the focus to homosocial bonds in Old English literature in order to explore the range of associations for same‐sex intimacy and their representation in literary texts such as Genesis A, Beowulf, The Battle of Maldon, The Dream of the Rood, The Phoenix, and Ælfric's Lives of Saints. During the course of the book's argument, it uncovers several under‐researched issues and suggests fruitful approaches for their investigation. It concludes that, in omitting to ask certain questions of Anglo‐Saxon material, in being too willing to accept the status quo indicated by the extant corpus, in uncritically importing invisible (because normative) heterosexist assumptions in our reading, we risk misrepresenting the diversity and complexity that a more nuanced approach to issues of gender and sexuality suggests may be more genuinely characteristic of the period.
Margaret D. Kamitsuka
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780195311624
- eISBN:
- 9780199785643
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195311624.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
Feminist theology, with relatively new institutional standing within the field of Christian theology, has become divided and enriched (from it's white feminist author's perspective) by difference — ...
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Feminist theology, with relatively new institutional standing within the field of Christian theology, has become divided and enriched (from it's white feminist author's perspective) by difference — especially in light of womanist, mujerista, lesbian, two-thirds-world, and other self-named women's theologies. This chapter introduces the challenge of difference by examining one of the most historically central yet hotly contested feminist methodological themes today — the appeal to women's experience. This is followed by a discussion of two markers of difference (and sites of privilege) that will be an ongoing focus: race and sexuality. Illustrations are given of how white racial privilege and heterosexist privilege can manifest even in contexts of collegial feminist theological dialogue.Less
Feminist theology, with relatively new institutional standing within the field of Christian theology, has become divided and enriched (from it's white feminist author's perspective) by difference — especially in light of womanist, mujerista, lesbian, two-thirds-world, and other self-named women's theologies. This chapter introduces the challenge of difference by examining one of the most historically central yet hotly contested feminist methodological themes today — the appeal to women's experience. This is followed by a discussion of two markers of difference (and sites of privilege) that will be an ongoing focus: race and sexuality. Illustrations are given of how white racial privilege and heterosexist privilege can manifest even in contexts of collegial feminist theological dialogue.
Cheshire Calhoun
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780199257669
- eISBN:
- 9780191598906
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199257663.003.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This introductory chapter lays the groundwork for future chapters by suggesting that feminist theorizing must make a methodological shift from thinking that heterosexism is just a by‐product of ...
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This introductory chapter lays the groundwork for future chapters by suggesting that feminist theorizing must make a methodological shift from thinking that heterosexism is just a by‐product of sexism, to thinking of lesbian and gay subordination as a separate axis of oppression that intersects with gender, race, and class axes of oppression. It also introduces the two central features of lesbian and gay subordination. The first of these is that the principal damaging effect of a heterosexist system is that it displaces lesbians and gays from both the public and private spheres of civil society so that they have no legitimated social location. The second is that the principal ideologies rationalizing lesbian and gay displacement are that there are only two natural and normal sexes/genders; that lesbian and gay sexuality is excessive, compulsive, and disconnected from romantic love; and that, for a variety of reasons, lesbians and gays are unfitted for marital and family life. The last part of the chapter makes general remarks on how the book fits into the essentialist–constructionist controversy.Less
This introductory chapter lays the groundwork for future chapters by suggesting that feminist theorizing must make a methodological shift from thinking that heterosexism is just a by‐product of sexism, to thinking of lesbian and gay subordination as a separate axis of oppression that intersects with gender, race, and class axes of oppression. It also introduces the two central features of lesbian and gay subordination. The first of these is that the principal damaging effect of a heterosexist system is that it displaces lesbians and gays from both the public and private spheres of civil society so that they have no legitimated social location. The second is that the principal ideologies rationalizing lesbian and gay displacement are that there are only two natural and normal sexes/genders; that lesbian and gay sexuality is excessive, compulsive, and disconnected from romantic love; and that, for a variety of reasons, lesbians and gays are unfitted for marital and family life. The last part of the chapter makes general remarks on how the book fits into the essentialist–constructionist controversy.
Cheryl B. Anderson
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195305500
- eISBN:
- 9780199867028
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195305500.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, Theology
All biblical interpretations, including traditional ones, “pick and choose” texts and meanings according to the particularity of the interpreter. The dominant interpreters have failed to acknowledge ...
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All biblical interpretations, including traditional ones, “pick and choose” texts and meanings according to the particularity of the interpreter. The dominant interpreters have failed to acknowledge their particularity as the “mythical norm” (the white, affluent, heterosexual male head of a nuclear family). As a result, that norm has become equated with “authoritative” interpretations and those who fall outside that norm have been harmed. A responsible ethics of biblical interpretation must reject a model of “authority as domination” in favor of “authority as partnership.” In a genuinely self‐critical biblical interpretation, (1) the particularity of the dominant, traditional interpreters will be recognized as particular and not imposed on others by colonialist means; (2) readers will take responsibility to consider the actual consequences of their interpretations on others; (3) readers will honestly reflect not only on how meaning is derived from Scripture, but why one of several candidate meanings is chosen.Less
All biblical interpretations, including traditional ones, “pick and choose” texts and meanings according to the particularity of the interpreter. The dominant interpreters have failed to acknowledge their particularity as the “mythical norm” (the white, affluent, heterosexual male head of a nuclear family). As a result, that norm has become equated with “authoritative” interpretations and those who fall outside that norm have been harmed. A responsible ethics of biblical interpretation must reject a model of “authority as domination” in favor of “authority as partnership.” In a genuinely self‐critical biblical interpretation, (1) the particularity of the dominant, traditional interpreters will be recognized as particular and not imposed on others by colonialist means; (2) readers will take responsibility to consider the actual consequences of their interpretations on others; (3) readers will honestly reflect not only on how meaning is derived from Scripture, but why one of several candidate meanings is chosen.
Cheryl Higashida
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252036507
- eISBN:
- 9780252093548
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252036507.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, Women's Literature
This book examines how African American women writers affiliated themselves with the post-World War II Black Communist Left and developed a distinct strand of feminism. This vital yet largely ...
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This book examines how African American women writers affiliated themselves with the post-World War II Black Communist Left and developed a distinct strand of feminism. This vital yet largely overlooked feminist tradition built upon and critically retheorized the postwar Left's “nationalist internationalism,” which connected the liberation of Blacks in the United States to the liberation of Third World nations and the worldwide proletariat. Exploring a diverse range of plays, novels, essays, poetry, and reportage, the book shows how Claudia Jones, Lorraine Hansberry, Alice Childress, Rosa Guy, Audre Lorde, and Maya Angelou worked within and against established literary forms to demonstrate that nationalist internationalism was linked to struggles against heterosexism and patriarchy. In examining writing by Black Left women from 1945 to 1995, this book contributes to recent efforts to rehistoricize the Old Left, Civil Rights, Black Power, and second-wave Black women's movements.Less
This book examines how African American women writers affiliated themselves with the post-World War II Black Communist Left and developed a distinct strand of feminism. This vital yet largely overlooked feminist tradition built upon and critically retheorized the postwar Left's “nationalist internationalism,” which connected the liberation of Blacks in the United States to the liberation of Third World nations and the worldwide proletariat. Exploring a diverse range of plays, novels, essays, poetry, and reportage, the book shows how Claudia Jones, Lorraine Hansberry, Alice Childress, Rosa Guy, Audre Lorde, and Maya Angelou worked within and against established literary forms to demonstrate that nationalist internationalism was linked to struggles against heterosexism and patriarchy. In examining writing by Black Left women from 1945 to 1995, this book contributes to recent efforts to rehistoricize the Old Left, Civil Rights, Black Power, and second-wave Black women's movements.
Gregory M. Herek
- Published in print:
- 1995
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195082319
- eISBN:
- 9780199848577
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195082319.003.0013
- Subject:
- Psychology, Clinical Psychology
Heterosexism, an ideological system that refuses, derogates, and labels any non-heterosexual form of identity, behavior, relationship, or community, is one of the emerging issues associated with ...
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Heterosexism, an ideological system that refuses, derogates, and labels any non-heterosexual form of identity, behavior, relationship, or community, is one of the emerging issues associated with lesbianism, homosexuality, and heterosexuality whether at individual or cultural levels. This chapter intends to describe and explicate psychological heterosexism in the United States using empirical research and social science theory. Belief and attitudinal mechanisms of psychological heterosexism are explained in the first part of the chapter with particular attention given to motivational and cognitive activities. The second part tackles behavioral characteristics of psychological heterosexism which exhibits predominant manifestations of violence against lesbians and gay men while the third part discusses the outcomes of psychological heterosexism. The chapter ends with the implications of empirical research on the concept of heterosexism.Less
Heterosexism, an ideological system that refuses, derogates, and labels any non-heterosexual form of identity, behavior, relationship, or community, is one of the emerging issues associated with lesbianism, homosexuality, and heterosexuality whether at individual or cultural levels. This chapter intends to describe and explicate psychological heterosexism in the United States using empirical research and social science theory. Belief and attitudinal mechanisms of psychological heterosexism are explained in the first part of the chapter with particular attention given to motivational and cognitive activities. The second part tackles behavioral characteristics of psychological heterosexism which exhibits predominant manifestations of violence against lesbians and gay men while the third part discusses the outcomes of psychological heterosexism. The chapter ends with the implications of empirical research on the concept of heterosexism.
Amy L. Brandzel
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780252040030
- eISBN:
- 9780252098239
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5406/illinois/9780252040030.001.0001
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gender Studies
Numerous activists and scholars have appealed for rights, inclusion, and justice in the name of “citizenship.” This book shows that there is nothing redeemable about citizenship, nothing worth ...
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Numerous activists and scholars have appealed for rights, inclusion, and justice in the name of “citizenship.” This book shows that there is nothing redeemable about citizenship, nothing worth salvaging or sustaining in the name of “community” practice, or belonging. According to the book, citizenship is a violent dehumanizing mechanism that makes the comparative devaluing of human lives seem commonsensical, logical, and even necessary. The book argues that whenever we work on behalf of citizenship, whenever we work toward including more types of peoples under its reign, we inevitably reify the violence of citizenship against non-normative others. The book's focus on three legal case studies—same-sex marriage law, hate crime legislation, and Native Hawaiian sovereignty and racialization—exposes how citizenship confounds and obscures the mutual processes of settler colonialism, racism, sexism, and heterosexism. In this way, the book argues that citizenship requires anti-intersectionality, that is, strategies that deny the mutuality and contingency of race, class, gender, sexuality, and nation—and how, oftentimes, progressive left activists and scholars follow suit.Less
Numerous activists and scholars have appealed for rights, inclusion, and justice in the name of “citizenship.” This book shows that there is nothing redeemable about citizenship, nothing worth salvaging or sustaining in the name of “community” practice, or belonging. According to the book, citizenship is a violent dehumanizing mechanism that makes the comparative devaluing of human lives seem commonsensical, logical, and even necessary. The book argues that whenever we work on behalf of citizenship, whenever we work toward including more types of peoples under its reign, we inevitably reify the violence of citizenship against non-normative others. The book's focus on three legal case studies—same-sex marriage law, hate crime legislation, and Native Hawaiian sovereignty and racialization—exposes how citizenship confounds and obscures the mutual processes of settler colonialism, racism, sexism, and heterosexism. In this way, the book argues that citizenship requires anti-intersectionality, that is, strategies that deny the mutuality and contingency of race, class, gender, sexuality, and nation—and how, oftentimes, progressive left activists and scholars follow suit.
Richard Parker, Regina Maria Barbosa, and Peter Aggleton
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520218369
- eISBN:
- 9780520922754
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520218369.003.0009
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Medical Anthropology
This chapter discusses the political economy of sexual oppression. It maps the diverse social and cultural spaces of female and male sex work, and studies the intersecting structures of economic ...
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This chapter discusses the political economy of sexual oppression. It maps the diverse social and cultural spaces of female and male sex work, and studies the intersecting structures of economic marginalization, racism, sexism, and heterosexism that shape the possibilities for risk reduction on the part of sex workers in Durban, South Africa. It notes that sex work and sex workers have been often treated as no more than vectors of infection and danger. This chapter focuses on the ways various forms of sex work in different parts of Durban slowly take shape as part of a broader range of survival strategies by poor and marginalized men and women.Less
This chapter discusses the political economy of sexual oppression. It maps the diverse social and cultural spaces of female and male sex work, and studies the intersecting structures of economic marginalization, racism, sexism, and heterosexism that shape the possibilities for risk reduction on the part of sex workers in Durban, South Africa. It notes that sex work and sex workers have been often treated as no more than vectors of infection and danger. This chapter focuses on the ways various forms of sex work in different parts of Durban slowly take shape as part of a broader range of survival strategies by poor and marginalized men and women.
Diana M. Swancutt
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- March 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780823226351
- eISBN:
- 9780823236718
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fso/9780823226351.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Theology
American Christians have writ the modern ideological hegemony of the two-sex model (that humans naturally come in two genetic sexes) into the corpus of scripture, ...
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American Christians have writ the modern ideological hegemony of the two-sex model (that humans naturally come in two genetic sexes) into the corpus of scripture, controlling both its meaning and the terms by which morally legitimate sex is determined. This chapter “outs” the unsettlingly androgynous and queerly erotic body of Christ harbored within the Pauline corpus, thereby implicitly challenging Anders Nygren's representation of the apostle Paul as the poster child of an agapically asexual theology while also explicitly challenging more contemporary invocations of Paul that support the oppressive politics of heterosexism. The chapter argues that the inscription of the two-sex model into scripture as a warrant for heterosexuality is destabilized at its scriptural foundation in the Pauline corpus. Paul depicted the Christian practice of communal sex, seminally incarnated in the androgynous body of Christ, as disruptive of stable gender identities.Less
American Christians have writ the modern ideological hegemony of the two-sex model (that humans naturally come in two genetic sexes) into the corpus of scripture, controlling both its meaning and the terms by which morally legitimate sex is determined. This chapter “outs” the unsettlingly androgynous and queerly erotic body of Christ harbored within the Pauline corpus, thereby implicitly challenging Anders Nygren's representation of the apostle Paul as the poster child of an agapically asexual theology while also explicitly challenging more contemporary invocations of Paul that support the oppressive politics of heterosexism. The chapter argues that the inscription of the two-sex model into scripture as a warrant for heterosexuality is destabilized at its scriptural foundation in the Pauline corpus. Paul depicted the Christian practice of communal sex, seminally incarnated in the androgynous body of Christ, as disruptive of stable gender identities.
Abbie E. Goldberg
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- March 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814732236
- eISBN:
- 9780814708293
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814732236.003.0003
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter examines the formal and informal barriers that gay men encounter as they seek to build their families through adoption. It considers how broader social and legal inequities, such as ...
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This chapter examines the formal and informal barriers that gay men encounter as they seek to build their families through adoption. It considers how broader social and legal inequities, such as state laws regarding gay adoption, influence the path to parenthood of gay men, as well as the ways that gay men negotiate and respond to such inequities. It also explores gay fathers' ideas about and valuing of marriage and the degree to which they view marriage once they become parents. Finally, it discusses the impact of geographic and economic privilege on gay men's ability to resist or circumvent heteronormativity in the adoption process. It shows that gay men are vulnerable to heterosexism and sexism at many stages and levels of the adoption process, from the legal system to adoption agencies and birth parents.Less
This chapter examines the formal and informal barriers that gay men encounter as they seek to build their families through adoption. It considers how broader social and legal inequities, such as state laws regarding gay adoption, influence the path to parenthood of gay men, as well as the ways that gay men negotiate and respond to such inequities. It also explores gay fathers' ideas about and valuing of marriage and the degree to which they view marriage once they become parents. Finally, it discusses the impact of geographic and economic privilege on gay men's ability to resist or circumvent heteronormativity in the adoption process. It shows that gay men are vulnerable to heterosexism and sexism at many stages and levels of the adoption process, from the legal system to adoption agencies and birth parents.
Erin C. Tarver
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780226469935
- eISBN:
- 9780226470276
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226470276.003.0006
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
This chapter examines the mascotting of young black men in southern collegiate athletics. Despite the apparent progress of racially integrated college sports in the South, this chapter argues that ...
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This chapter examines the mascotting of young black men in southern collegiate athletics. Despite the apparent progress of racially integrated college sports in the South, this chapter argues that collegiate sports fandom in its current state—particularly in the American south—is a central mechanism in the reproduction of whiteness as a hierarchizing racial category. Moreover, because the mascotting of black male athletes depends on the racist association of blackness with hyper-masculinity, it is instrumental in reinforcing heterosexism, homophobia, and misogyny. Analyzing the examples of three prominent black stars at predominately white institutions, this chapter shows that black masculinity is often positioned by fans as at once desirable, disposable, and potentially dangerous—as both an object of fantasy, and a convenient scapegoat for the social ills to which the current organization of collegiate athletics gives rise. Yet, the mascotting and exploitation of these athletes is troubling not only because of its representation of blackness, but because it conversely reproduces whiteness as dominant, respectable, and cultured, and figures women (particularly black women) as objects of sexual exchange.Less
This chapter examines the mascotting of young black men in southern collegiate athletics. Despite the apparent progress of racially integrated college sports in the South, this chapter argues that collegiate sports fandom in its current state—particularly in the American south—is a central mechanism in the reproduction of whiteness as a hierarchizing racial category. Moreover, because the mascotting of black male athletes depends on the racist association of blackness with hyper-masculinity, it is instrumental in reinforcing heterosexism, homophobia, and misogyny. Analyzing the examples of three prominent black stars at predominately white institutions, this chapter shows that black masculinity is often positioned by fans as at once desirable, disposable, and potentially dangerous—as both an object of fantasy, and a convenient scapegoat for the social ills to which the current organization of collegiate athletics gives rise. Yet, the mascotting and exploitation of these athletes is troubling not only because of its representation of blackness, but because it conversely reproduces whiteness as dominant, respectable, and cultured, and figures women (particularly black women) as objects of sexual exchange.
Andrea Nagy and Urban Nothdurfter
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781447309673
- eISBN:
- 9781447313526
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447309673.003.0002
- Subject:
- Sociology, Gender and Sexuality
Discussion about LGBT issues in social work needs to take account both of the wider context, which has an impact on the lives of LGBT people and also of public debates, which construct social ...
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Discussion about LGBT issues in social work needs to take account both of the wider context, which has an impact on the lives of LGBT people and also of public debates, which construct social perceptions about them. Before focusing on LGBT issues in Italian social work, the chapter first gives an overview of the current social and political context in Italy. The chapter then examines the integration of LGBT people in social work in relation to its coverage in academic social work journals, map its inclusion in social work curricula and through a case study, analyse social worker’s practice with a young lesbian in residential care. The chapter concludes by highlighting that the ethical code of Italian social work states, that social workers are obliged to challenge discrimination in all its forms. However, social work education and social work practice must go beyond such ‘universal’ formulas in order to recognise and to understand the many faces of discrimination and oppression. Heteronormativity is a key concept in the understanding of oppression related to LGBT issues in social work, and must be introduced and handled in Italian social work education.Less
Discussion about LGBT issues in social work needs to take account both of the wider context, which has an impact on the lives of LGBT people and also of public debates, which construct social perceptions about them. Before focusing on LGBT issues in Italian social work, the chapter first gives an overview of the current social and political context in Italy. The chapter then examines the integration of LGBT people in social work in relation to its coverage in academic social work journals, map its inclusion in social work curricula and through a case study, analyse social worker’s practice with a young lesbian in residential care. The chapter concludes by highlighting that the ethical code of Italian social work states, that social workers are obliged to challenge discrimination in all its forms. However, social work education and social work practice must go beyond such ‘universal’ formulas in order to recognise and to understand the many faces of discrimination and oppression. Heteronormativity is a key concept in the understanding of oppression related to LGBT issues in social work, and must be introduced and handled in Italian social work education.
Perry N. Halkitis
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- June 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780190686604
- eISBN:
- 9780190942151
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190686604.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Otherness is an experience that greatly affects the lives of all gay men. Feelings of otherness are fueled by the heteronormative structures ranging from families to society at large, and through the ...
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Otherness is an experience that greatly affects the lives of all gay men. Feelings of otherness are fueled by the heteronormative structures ranging from families to society at large, and through the macro- and microaggressions that gay men experience in numerous contexts. Otherness experienced by many gay men throughout the course of their lives exacerbates loneliness and social isolation, which has been endemic in the gay population throughout the generations. The power of otherness also acts as a deterrent for some gay men in disclosing their identities. While advances in society and depiction of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals in media may have impact in “normalizing gay identity, the experience of otherness continues to be incredibly powerful, first taking roots for gay men when they are young boys, creating emotional distress in childhood that perpetuates into adult lives even after coming out. Some young gay men turn to intergenerational love as means establishing feelings of normalcy as gay men and combatting otherness.Less
Otherness is an experience that greatly affects the lives of all gay men. Feelings of otherness are fueled by the heteronormative structures ranging from families to society at large, and through the macro- and microaggressions that gay men experience in numerous contexts. Otherness experienced by many gay men throughout the course of their lives exacerbates loneliness and social isolation, which has been endemic in the gay population throughout the generations. The power of otherness also acts as a deterrent for some gay men in disclosing their identities. While advances in society and depiction of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) individuals in media may have impact in “normalizing gay identity, the experience of otherness continues to be incredibly powerful, first taking roots for gay men when they are young boys, creating emotional distress in childhood that perpetuates into adult lives even after coming out. Some young gay men turn to intergenerational love as means establishing feelings of normalcy as gay men and combatting otherness.
Susanne M. Klausen
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199844494
- eISBN:
- 9780190258122
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199844494.003.0001
- Subject:
- History, World Modern History
The introduction argues that examining the history of abortion in South Africa during the apartheid era reveals the power and pervasiveness of heterosexist and patriarchal norms in apartheid culture, ...
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The introduction argues that examining the history of abortion in South Africa during the apartheid era reveals the power and pervasiveness of heterosexist and patriarchal norms in apartheid culture, and their effects on the intimate, everyday lives of women. It explains the book’s focus on the importance of regulating gender and sexuality in the creation and maintenance of apartheid culture, which led to state regulation and disciplining of white female heterosexuality. It also emphasizes that the oppression of women cut across racial and ethnic divides.Less
The introduction argues that examining the history of abortion in South Africa during the apartheid era reveals the power and pervasiveness of heterosexist and patriarchal norms in apartheid culture, and their effects on the intimate, everyday lives of women. It explains the book’s focus on the importance of regulating gender and sexuality in the creation and maintenance of apartheid culture, which led to state regulation and disciplining of white female heterosexuality. It also emphasizes that the oppression of women cut across racial and ethnic divides.
Ami Harbin
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190277390
- eISBN:
- 9780190277420
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190277390.003.0005
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy, Moral Philosophy
Many contexts of injustice demand resolute action—action that is purposeful, decisive, confident, and unwavering—but this chapter argues that in some contexts of injustice, irresolute actions can be ...
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Many contexts of injustice demand resolute action—action that is purposeful, decisive, confident, and unwavering—but this chapter argues that in some contexts of injustice, irresolute actions can be called for. The chapter begins by identifying what characterizes irresolute action in such contexts. It then introduces three kinds of irresolute action against injustice and defends their effectiveness in some contexts of injustice and activism, taking as examples contexts of heterosexism, mass incarceration, North American colonialism, and post-industrial poverty. It differentiates such contexts from other cases of structural injustice, oppression and moral dilemmas where one can fulfill one’s responsibilities resolutely. Finally, it argues that we need to understand the importance of irresolute action against injustice in order to further understand the position of disorientation in moral life.Less
Many contexts of injustice demand resolute action—action that is purposeful, decisive, confident, and unwavering—but this chapter argues that in some contexts of injustice, irresolute actions can be called for. The chapter begins by identifying what characterizes irresolute action in such contexts. It then introduces three kinds of irresolute action against injustice and defends their effectiveness in some contexts of injustice and activism, taking as examples contexts of heterosexism, mass incarceration, North American colonialism, and post-industrial poverty. It differentiates such contexts from other cases of structural injustice, oppression and moral dilemmas where one can fulfill one’s responsibilities resolutely. Finally, it argues that we need to understand the importance of irresolute action against injustice in order to further understand the position of disorientation in moral life.
