Jennifer Glancy
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195328158
- eISBN:
- 9780199777143
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328158.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, Early Christian Studies
Drawing on representations of bodies in sources from Paul to Augustine, this book focuses on the question of what is known in the body and demonstrates why that question is significant for a cultural ...
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Drawing on representations of bodies in sources from Paul to Augustine, this book focuses on the question of what is known in the body and demonstrates why that question is significant for a cultural history of Christian origins. The inevitable cultural habituation of bodies influenced Christians of the first centuries to replicate the habitus of the wider culture—that is, the hierarchical patterns of social relations familiar throughout the Roman Empire, despite the seeming incompatibility of those embodied patterns of relations with the good news of Christian preaching. A study of corporal epistemology, this volume builds on a sequence of in-depth analyses of texts, historical problems, and theological questions. How does Paul manage to position his whippable body as a source of knowledge and power? How did the corporal conditioning of the Roman slaveholding system infiltrate Christian moral imagination and sexual ethics? What do primitive images of Mary in childbirth suggest about ancient—and modern—understandings of maternal epistemology? The book is informed by the work of theorists of corporeality, including Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Pierre Bourdieu, and Linda Martín Alcoff. What is known in the body is informed by but ultimately exceeds the grid of social location. Framing questions about corporal knowledge offers new insights into bodies, identities, and early Christian understandings of what it means to be human.Less
Drawing on representations of bodies in sources from Paul to Augustine, this book focuses on the question of what is known in the body and demonstrates why that question is significant for a cultural history of Christian origins. The inevitable cultural habituation of bodies influenced Christians of the first centuries to replicate the habitus of the wider culture—that is, the hierarchical patterns of social relations familiar throughout the Roman Empire, despite the seeming incompatibility of those embodied patterns of relations with the good news of Christian preaching. A study of corporal epistemology, this volume builds on a sequence of in-depth analyses of texts, historical problems, and theological questions. How does Paul manage to position his whippable body as a source of knowledge and power? How did the corporal conditioning of the Roman slaveholding system infiltrate Christian moral imagination and sexual ethics? What do primitive images of Mary in childbirth suggest about ancient—and modern—understandings of maternal epistemology? The book is informed by the work of theorists of corporeality, including Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Pierre Bourdieu, and Linda Martín Alcoff. What is known in the body is informed by but ultimately exceeds the grid of social location. Framing questions about corporal knowledge offers new insights into bodies, identities, and early Christian understandings of what it means to be human.
Lorraine Code
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780195159431
- eISBN:
- 9780199786411
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0195159438.003.0002
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
This chapter shows how ecology, literally and metaphorically, affords a model for rethinking the established theories of knowledge, and relations between humanity and the other-than-human, that ...
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This chapter shows how ecology, literally and metaphorically, affords a model for rethinking the established theories of knowledge, and relations between humanity and the other-than-human, that characterize the social imaginary of the post-Enlightenment western world. Ecology figures as a study of habitats where people can live well together; of the ethos and habitus enacted in the customs, social organizations, and creative-regulative principles by which they strive or fail to achieve this end. Focusing on a shift in Rachel Carson’s thinking from geographical to ecological, and drawing on Kristin Shrader-Frechette’s analysis of ecological science, the chapter draws a parallel between Carson’s tacit epistemology and that of biologist Karen Messing to develop the working conception of ecology that informs the argument of the book. A reclamation of testimony as a source of evidence is central to the argument.Less
This chapter shows how ecology, literally and metaphorically, affords a model for rethinking the established theories of knowledge, and relations between humanity and the other-than-human, that characterize the social imaginary of the post-Enlightenment western world. Ecology figures as a study of habitats where people can live well together; of the ethos and habitus enacted in the customs, social organizations, and creative-regulative principles by which they strive or fail to achieve this end. Focusing on a shift in Rachel Carson’s thinking from geographical to ecological, and drawing on Kristin Shrader-Frechette’s analysis of ecological science, the chapter draws a parallel between Carson’s tacit epistemology and that of biologist Karen Messing to develop the working conception of ecology that informs the argument of the book. A reclamation of testimony as a source of evidence is central to the argument.
Robert Boyer
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- September 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199231423
- eISBN:
- 9780191710865
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199231423.003.0016
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Political Economy
This chapter examines the relationship between regulation theory and Bourdieu's sociology. Bourdieu's detractors have often taken the titles of his works at face value. While these titles may ...
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This chapter examines the relationship between regulation theory and Bourdieu's sociology. Bourdieu's detractors have often taken the titles of his works at face value. While these titles may effectively underline the permanent nature of the reproduction of social roles, Bourdieu's argument is not an attempt to reduce each field's logic to the purely economic level. Bourdieu's defenders have not given sufficient attention to the profoundly dynamic character of his research that effectively forms a totality: from his studies of the Béarn and Kabylia, to his analysis of the market for the single-family house, moving through similar analyses of literature, art, and state nobility. The chapter develops a theme that régulation theory and Bourdieu's sociology are related. On the one hand, regulationist research has turned to the concept of habitus, a term borrowed from Bourdieu, as an alternative to the theory of rational choice as found in economics and the social sciences. On the other hand, both programmes of research can be added to those analyses of contemporary society that set out from a critical evaluation of Marxian insights. They also share this basic hypothesis: that life in society is made possible by the way in which institutions are constructed, just as economic activity is organized by the mode of régulation.Less
This chapter examines the relationship between regulation theory and Bourdieu's sociology. Bourdieu's detractors have often taken the titles of his works at face value. While these titles may effectively underline the permanent nature of the reproduction of social roles, Bourdieu's argument is not an attempt to reduce each field's logic to the purely economic level. Bourdieu's defenders have not given sufficient attention to the profoundly dynamic character of his research that effectively forms a totality: from his studies of the Béarn and Kabylia, to his analysis of the market for the single-family house, moving through similar analyses of literature, art, and state nobility. The chapter develops a theme that régulation theory and Bourdieu's sociology are related. On the one hand, regulationist research has turned to the concept of habitus, a term borrowed from Bourdieu, as an alternative to the theory of rational choice as found in economics and the social sciences. On the other hand, both programmes of research can be added to those analyses of contemporary society that set out from a critical evaluation of Marxian insights. They also share this basic hypothesis: that life in society is made possible by the way in which institutions are constructed, just as economic activity is organized by the mode of régulation.
Mary McClintock Fulkerson
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199296477
- eISBN:
- 9780191711930
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199296477.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
This chapter discusses activities that people engage in, in order to maintain and sustain the community — Good Samaritan's homemaking practices. Six activities that merit particular attention as ...
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This chapter discusses activities that people engage in, in order to maintain and sustain the community — Good Samaritan's homemaking practices. Six activities that merit particular attention as homemaking practices are considered. Following a review of these activities, the chapter considers how these activities qualify as practices, looking especially for those that might be seen to contribute to an emergent habitus.Less
This chapter discusses activities that people engage in, in order to maintain and sustain the community — Good Samaritan's homemaking practices. Six activities that merit particular attention as homemaking practices are considered. Following a review of these activities, the chapter considers how these activities qualify as practices, looking especially for those that might be seen to contribute to an emergent habitus.
Jennifer A. Glancy
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195328158
- eISBN:
- 9780199777143
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328158.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, Early Christian Studies
Arguing that social location is a kind of knowledge borne in the body, chapter 1 demonstrates the significance of that insight for a cultural history of Christian origins. The chapter’s theoretical ...
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Arguing that social location is a kind of knowledge borne in the body, chapter 1 demonstrates the significance of that insight for a cultural history of Christian origins. The chapter’s theoretical framework relies on the practice-oriented social theory of Pierre Bourdieu and the phenomenologically oriented approaches of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Linda Martín Alcoff. The inevitable cultural habituation of bodies—what is known as habitus—inclined Christians of the first centuries toward certain social arrangements rather than others and facilitated particular patterns of theological reflection. At the same time, what is known in the body exceeds social location; corporal knowing thus has an excessive quality, a claim explored at greater length in chapter 4. Central claims of chapter 1 are illustrated through a close reading of the story of the Syrophoenician woman in the Gospel of Mark.Less
Arguing that social location is a kind of knowledge borne in the body, chapter 1 demonstrates the significance of that insight for a cultural history of Christian origins. The chapter’s theoretical framework relies on the practice-oriented social theory of Pierre Bourdieu and the phenomenologically oriented approaches of Maurice Merleau-Ponty and Linda Martín Alcoff. The inevitable cultural habituation of bodies—what is known as habitus—inclined Christians of the first centuries toward certain social arrangements rather than others and facilitated particular patterns of theological reflection. At the same time, what is known in the body exceeds social location; corporal knowing thus has an excessive quality, a claim explored at greater length in chapter 4. Central claims of chapter 1 are illustrated through a close reading of the story of the Syrophoenician woman in the Gospel of Mark.
Jennifer A. Glancy
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195328158
- eISBN:
- 9780199777143
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328158.003.0002
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, Early Christian Studies
Focusing on a single passage of a single early Christian text, chapter 2 situates the body language of 2 Corinthians 11:23–25 in the wider context of the corporal habitus of the early Roman Empire. ...
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Focusing on a single passage of a single early Christian text, chapter 2 situates the body language of 2 Corinthians 11:23–25 in the wider context of the corporal habitus of the early Roman Empire. While a man might well boast of war wounds, a whipping was an event that emasculated a man. Humiliation rather than honor accompanied beatings of the kind Paul endured. The chapter argues that by pointing to his own storytelling body, Paul claims his dubious corporal knowledge as a source of improbable power. Because Paul perceives that his corporal knowledge of repeated violation unites him with Jesus, he is able to position his abject body as a token of his authority. Ultimately, however, the example of Paul’s storytelling body fails to disrupt the habituation of early Christian bodies by Roman norms.Less
Focusing on a single passage of a single early Christian text, chapter 2 situates the body language of 2 Corinthians 11:23–25 in the wider context of the corporal habitus of the early Roman Empire. While a man might well boast of war wounds, a whipping was an event that emasculated a man. Humiliation rather than honor accompanied beatings of the kind Paul endured. The chapter argues that by pointing to his own storytelling body, Paul claims his dubious corporal knowledge as a source of improbable power. Because Paul perceives that his corporal knowledge of repeated violation unites him with Jesus, he is able to position his abject body as a token of his authority. Ultimately, however, the example of Paul’s storytelling body fails to disrupt the habituation of early Christian bodies by Roman norms.
Jennifer A. Glancy
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195328158
- eISBN:
- 9780199777143
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195328158.003.0003
- Subject:
- Religion, Church History, Early Christian Studies
Social location is known in the body. Such deeply held bodily knowledge is rarely subjected to conscious moral scrutiny. Chapter 3 argues that from the days of Paul to the days of Augustine, the ...
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Social location is known in the body. Such deeply held bodily knowledge is rarely subjected to conscious moral scrutiny. Chapter 3 argues that from the days of Paul to the days of Augustine, the dominant Roman slaveholding habitus deformed Christian moral imagination. Special attention is accorded to habituated distinctions between the bodies of slave women—who were routinely subject to sexual violation—and the bodies of free women—whose pudor, or chastity, was treated as sacrosanct. A woman’s virtue was strongly identified with her pudor. As a result, Christians who theoretically claimed that God did not distinguish between slave and free in practice distinguished between the virtue of freeborn women and the virtue of enslaved women. Chapter 3 closes with attention to several instances in late antiquity when evidence implies that isolated groups of Christians acted in ways that suggest moral discomfort with slaveholding habitusLess
Social location is known in the body. Such deeply held bodily knowledge is rarely subjected to conscious moral scrutiny. Chapter 3 argues that from the days of Paul to the days of Augustine, the dominant Roman slaveholding habitus deformed Christian moral imagination. Special attention is accorded to habituated distinctions between the bodies of slave women—who were routinely subject to sexual violation—and the bodies of free women—whose pudor, or chastity, was treated as sacrosanct. A woman’s virtue was strongly identified with her pudor. As a result, Christians who theoretically claimed that God did not distinguish between slave and free in practice distinguished between the virtue of freeborn women and the virtue of enslaved women. Chapter 3 closes with attention to several instances in late antiquity when evidence implies that isolated groups of Christians acted in ways that suggest moral discomfort with slaveholding habitus
Troels Engberg‐Pedersen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199558568
- eISBN:
- 9780191720970
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558568.003.0006
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter considers how the various features of Paul's objective cosmology enter into three themes that belong directly to the level of the Pauline text itself: (i) Paul's accounts of his own ...
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This chapter considers how the various features of Paul's objective cosmology enter into three themes that belong directly to the level of the Pauline text itself: (i) Paul's accounts of his own conversion experience (including his reception of the pneuma), (iii) the picture he gives of the way his addressees should similarly be structured both mentally and physically, and inbetween these two themes, (ii) the way in which (in his so-called ‘moral exhortation’, paraenesis) Paul brings about the latter result through his letter-writing itself on the basis of his self-account. The chapter argues that in connection with all three themes, Paul combines the objective, cosmological world view with the perspective of subjective experience of the world. The chapter makes extended use of modern reflection on ‘religious experience’,‘self’, and ‘habitus’, drawing here on Foucault and Bourdieu.Less
This chapter considers how the various features of Paul's objective cosmology enter into three themes that belong directly to the level of the Pauline text itself: (i) Paul's accounts of his own conversion experience (including his reception of the pneuma), (iii) the picture he gives of the way his addressees should similarly be structured both mentally and physically, and inbetween these two themes, (ii) the way in which (in his so-called ‘moral exhortation’, paraenesis) Paul brings about the latter result through his letter-writing itself on the basis of his self-account. The chapter argues that in connection with all three themes, Paul combines the objective, cosmological world view with the perspective of subjective experience of the world. The chapter makes extended use of modern reflection on ‘religious experience’,‘self’, and ‘habitus’, drawing here on Foucault and Bourdieu.
Troels Engberg‐Pedersen
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199558568
- eISBN:
- 9780191720970
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199558568.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter summarizes the results of the book under the rubrics of the double perspective of cognitive and physical analysis; of Paul's attempt to articulate a new habitus for himself and his ...
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This chapter summarizes the results of the book under the rubrics of the double perspective of cognitive and physical analysis; of Paul's attempt to articulate a new habitus for himself and his addressees as seen in relation to others that were available in his immediate context (in particular, a Hellenistic Jewish one and a Graeco-Roman philosophical one); and finally, of his idea of his own letter-writing as a case of bodily, missionary practice.Less
This chapter summarizes the results of the book under the rubrics of the double perspective of cognitive and physical analysis; of Paul's attempt to articulate a new habitus for himself and his addressees as seen in relation to others that were available in his immediate context (in particular, a Hellenistic Jewish one and a Graeco-Roman philosophical one); and finally, of his idea of his own letter-writing as a case of bodily, missionary practice.
James Davison Hunter
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199730803
- eISBN:
- 9780199777082
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199730803.003.0004
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society
Ideas do have consequences in history, yet not because those ideas are inherently truthful or obviously correct but rather because of the ways they are embedded in very powerful institutions, ...
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Ideas do have consequences in history, yet not because those ideas are inherently truthful or obviously correct but rather because of the ways they are embedded in very powerful institutions, networks, interests, and symbols. Cultures are very resistant to change, but they do change under specific conditions.Less
Ideas do have consequences in history, yet not because those ideas are inherently truthful or obviously correct but rather because of the ways they are embedded in very powerful institutions, networks, interests, and symbols. Cultures are very resistant to change, but they do change under specific conditions.
Bernard A. Knapp
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- January 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199237371
- eISBN:
- 9780191717208
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199237371.003.0002
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Archaeology: Classical
The search for culturally bound artefacts, architecture, and other aspects of material culture reveals little about the lives, mindsets, identities, or social concerns of prehistoric or historical ...
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The search for culturally bound artefacts, architecture, and other aspects of material culture reveals little about the lives, mindsets, identities, or social concerns of prehistoric or historical people. This chapter discusses at length the various theoretical issues that firstly provide a framework for a social interpretation of the archaeological and documentary evidence, and secondly form central themes in the book. The issues in question are: island archaeology/history, insularity, connectivity, islandscapes, islanders' social identity, ethnicity, habitus, migration, acculturation, and hybridization. Each is defined straightforwardly and then treated, first, from a general, social science perspective, and second by considering how it has been applied, or misapplied, in the field of archaeology. Numerous archaeological examples from around the world are provided to elaborate and exemplify the discussion of each issue, and to evaluate their usefulness in attempting to understand better the Mediterranean archaeological record.Less
The search for culturally bound artefacts, architecture, and other aspects of material culture reveals little about the lives, mindsets, identities, or social concerns of prehistoric or historical people. This chapter discusses at length the various theoretical issues that firstly provide a framework for a social interpretation of the archaeological and documentary evidence, and secondly form central themes in the book. The issues in question are: island archaeology/history, insularity, connectivity, islandscapes, islanders' social identity, ethnicity, habitus, migration, acculturation, and hybridization. Each is defined straightforwardly and then treated, first, from a general, social science perspective, and second by considering how it has been applied, or misapplied, in the field of archaeology. Numerous archaeological examples from around the world are provided to elaborate and exemplify the discussion of each issue, and to evaluate their usefulness in attempting to understand better the Mediterranean archaeological record.
Maarten A. Hajer and Justus Uitermark
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199281671
- eISBN:
- 9780191713132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199281671.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
When Dutch filmmaker Van Gogh is murdered by an Islamist extremist, local politicians Cohen and Aboutaleb face the task of giving meaning to the murder. Their tolerant, pluralistic approach of ‘de ...
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When Dutch filmmaker Van Gogh is murdered by an Islamist extremist, local politicians Cohen and Aboutaleb face the task of giving meaning to the murder. Their tolerant, pluralistic approach of ‘de boel bij elkaar houden’ (keeping things together) is publicly ridiculed by the so-called Friends of Theo. Protagonists and antagonists try to (counter-)script the meaning of the murder on constitutional and non-constitutional stages, using different repertoires to enact authority. The ruling media format privileges emotional repertoires over the factual genre of procedural assurance. The discourse analysis illuminates how the ‘soft’ approach of ‘de boel bij elkaar houden’ changes to include notions of tough action. Distinct divisions or roles between both politicians emerge. The chapter tries to make sense of the question: To what extend can the success of the administrators be attributed to their particular actions? It applies the notion of ‘performative habitus’ (embodied dispositions shaped over many previous years of symbolic labour) to transcend the dualism between the politician as a strategic actor and the politician as being determined by context; personal authority is a co-production of performative habitus and setting.Less
When Dutch filmmaker Van Gogh is murdered by an Islamist extremist, local politicians Cohen and Aboutaleb face the task of giving meaning to the murder. Their tolerant, pluralistic approach of ‘de boel bij elkaar houden’ (keeping things together) is publicly ridiculed by the so-called Friends of Theo. Protagonists and antagonists try to (counter-)script the meaning of the murder on constitutional and non-constitutional stages, using different repertoires to enact authority. The ruling media format privileges emotional repertoires over the factual genre of procedural assurance. The discourse analysis illuminates how the ‘soft’ approach of ‘de boel bij elkaar houden’ changes to include notions of tough action. Distinct divisions or roles between both politicians emerge. The chapter tries to make sense of the question: To what extend can the success of the administrators be attributed to their particular actions? It applies the notion of ‘performative habitus’ (embodied dispositions shaped over many previous years of symbolic labour) to transcend the dualism between the politician as a strategic actor and the politician as being determined by context; personal authority is a co-production of performative habitus and setting.
John Levi Martin
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199773312
- eISBN:
- 9780199897223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199773312.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Theory
This chapter follows the derivation of field theory in the social sciences from two starting points, first, the Gestalt psychology discussed in Chapter 5, and second, analyses of coordinated ...
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This chapter follows the derivation of field theory in the social sciences from two starting points, first, the Gestalt psychology discussed in Chapter 5, and second, analyses of coordinated striving. These two approaches reached towards each other as each formulated some sort of orienting characteristic of the environment (whether called “valence” or “value”) that was available for actors and led to the global patterning of actions. This implied an attention to habit as the processes whereby actors equip themselves to make use of these features of the environment—just as our exploration of vision reminded us that we learn to see, so our exploration of habit reminds us that we need to learn to sense the appropriatenesses that allow for skilful action.Less
This chapter follows the derivation of field theory in the social sciences from two starting points, first, the Gestalt psychology discussed in Chapter 5, and second, analyses of coordinated striving. These two approaches reached towards each other as each formulated some sort of orienting characteristic of the environment (whether called “valence” or “value”) that was available for actors and led to the global patterning of actions. This implied an attention to habit as the processes whereby actors equip themselves to make use of these features of the environment—just as our exploration of vision reminded us that we learn to see, so our exploration of habit reminds us that we need to learn to sense the appropriatenesses that allow for skilful action.
Prudence L. Carter
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199899630
- eISBN:
- 9780199951147
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199899630.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Education, Race and Ethnicity
Chapter Three posits one of the book's main arguments: even as improved resource contexts become available to historically and socially disadvantaged students, other issues unfold ...
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Chapter Three posits one of the book's main arguments: even as improved resource contexts become available to historically and socially disadvantaged students, other issues unfold that threaten their educational well-being. Paradoxically, although some students now have access to “good” schools, they encounter other forms of exclusion. Drawing on multiple data sources, this chapter highlights the duality of material and cultural structures in South African and U.S. schools, illustrating how certain school-level policies, fraught with political, social and cultural meanings, reproduce racial (and other social) boundaries and even (unwittingly) encourage divides among students, despite increased social contact and exchanges. Chapter Three compares and contrasts the differences among schools with varying ideologies and ethos'—or organizational-racial habitus—about how to approach cultural diversity. This chapter links to Chapter 4, which shows that students and educators in schools that take more egalitarian approaches to every facet of school life report higher social outcomes.Less
Chapter Three posits one of the book's main arguments: even as improved resource contexts become available to historically and socially disadvantaged students, other issues unfold that threaten their educational well-being. Paradoxically, although some students now have access to “good” schools, they encounter other forms of exclusion. Drawing on multiple data sources, this chapter highlights the duality of material and cultural structures in South African and U.S. schools, illustrating how certain school-level policies, fraught with political, social and cultural meanings, reproduce racial (and other social) boundaries and even (unwittingly) encourage divides among students, despite increased social contact and exchanges. Chapter Three compares and contrasts the differences among schools with varying ideologies and ethos'—or organizational-racial habitus—about how to approach cultural diversity. This chapter links to Chapter 4, which shows that students and educators in schools that take more egalitarian approaches to every facet of school life report higher social outcomes.
Wu-Ling Chong
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9789888455997
- eISBN:
- 9789888455508
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Hong Kong University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5790/hongkong/9789888455997.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This book examines the complex situation of ethnic Chinese Indonesians in post-Suharto Indonesia, focusing on Chinese in two of the largest Indonesian cities, Medan and Surabaya. The fall of Suharto ...
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This book examines the complex situation of ethnic Chinese Indonesians in post-Suharto Indonesia, focusing on Chinese in two of the largest Indonesian cities, Medan and Surabaya. The fall of Suharto in May 1998 led to the opening up of a democratic and liberal space to include a diversity of political actors and ideals in the political process. However, due to the absence of an effective, genuinely reformist party or political coalition, predatory politico-business interests nurtured under the New Order managed to capture the new political and economic regimes. As a result, corruption and internal mismanagement continue to plague the bureaucracy in the country. The indigenous Indonesian population generally still perceives the Chinese minority as an alien minority who are wealthy, selfish, insular and opportunistic; this is partially due to the role some Chinese have played in perpetuating corrupt business practices. As targets of extortion and corruption by bureaucratic officials and youth/crime organisations, the Chinese are neither merely passive bystanders of the democratisation process in Indonesia nor powerless victims of corrupt practices. By focusing on the important interconnected aspects of the role Chinese play in post-Suharto Indonesia, via business, politics and civil society, this book argues, through a combination of Anthony Giddens’s structure-agency theory as well as Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of habitus and field, that although the Chinese are constrained by various conditions, they also have played an active role in shaping these conditions.Less
This book examines the complex situation of ethnic Chinese Indonesians in post-Suharto Indonesia, focusing on Chinese in two of the largest Indonesian cities, Medan and Surabaya. The fall of Suharto in May 1998 led to the opening up of a democratic and liberal space to include a diversity of political actors and ideals in the political process. However, due to the absence of an effective, genuinely reformist party or political coalition, predatory politico-business interests nurtured under the New Order managed to capture the new political and economic regimes. As a result, corruption and internal mismanagement continue to plague the bureaucracy in the country. The indigenous Indonesian population generally still perceives the Chinese minority as an alien minority who are wealthy, selfish, insular and opportunistic; this is partially due to the role some Chinese have played in perpetuating corrupt business practices. As targets of extortion and corruption by bureaucratic officials and youth/crime organisations, the Chinese are neither merely passive bystanders of the democratisation process in Indonesia nor powerless victims of corrupt practices. By focusing on the important interconnected aspects of the role Chinese play in post-Suharto Indonesia, via business, politics and civil society, this book argues, through a combination of Anthony Giddens’s structure-agency theory as well as Pierre Bourdieu’s notion of habitus and field, that although the Chinese are constrained by various conditions, they also have played an active role in shaping these conditions.
Henry French and Mark Rothery
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199576692
- eISBN:
- 9780191738852
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199576692.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, British and Irish Early Modern History, Social History
The Conclusion draws together the analyses of the reception and projection of societal values, particularly issues of intergenerational transmission, and relates these to the central interpretation ...
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The Conclusion draws together the analyses of the reception and projection of societal values, particularly issues of intergenerational transmission, and relates these to the central interpretation of the volume about stereotypes and processes of cultural change. It shows that there is only limited evidence of sharp-edged differences in values between generations in these families, and that these changes appear not to correspond to the deep ‘hegemonic shifts’. Instead, at the deepest level, among Bourdieu's unconsidered, ‘common-sense’ habituating knowledge of the world, little changed in terms of the expected power relationships between men and women, parents and children, elder and younger siblings, heirs and secondary legatees. These fundamental distributions of power and authority shaped more conscious ideas of male honour, virtue, reputation and autonomy. The continued stress on family heritage, dynastic traditions and the future security of the family patrimony acted as important sources of normative conservatism in the training of young gentlemen, and the values imparted to them.Less
The Conclusion draws together the analyses of the reception and projection of societal values, particularly issues of intergenerational transmission, and relates these to the central interpretation of the volume about stereotypes and processes of cultural change. It shows that there is only limited evidence of sharp-edged differences in values between generations in these families, and that these changes appear not to correspond to the deep ‘hegemonic shifts’. Instead, at the deepest level, among Bourdieu's unconsidered, ‘common-sense’ habituating knowledge of the world, little changed in terms of the expected power relationships between men and women, parents and children, elder and younger siblings, heirs and secondary legatees. These fundamental distributions of power and authority shaped more conscious ideas of male honour, virtue, reputation and autonomy. The continued stress on family heritage, dynastic traditions and the future security of the family patrimony acted as important sources of normative conservatism in the training of young gentlemen, and the values imparted to them.
Amy C. Steinbugler
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199743551
- eISBN:
- 9780199979370
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199743551.003.0004
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
This chapter turns the lens from public spaces to the inner workings of relationships in order to look more closely at how interracial partners interpret and negotiate racial difference in everyday ...
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This chapter turns the lens from public spaces to the inner workings of relationships in order to look more closely at how interracial partners interpret and negotiate racial difference in everyday life. It introduces the concept of racial habitus, developed by Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, to explain how racial differences emerge in routine interactions. It then identifies “emotional labor” as the form of racework that individuals use to manage race and racism. It shows how this type of racework permits interracial partners to negotiate differences in racial habitus. One crucial difference is that White partners have not needed to develop the double-consciousness that characterizes a Black racial habitus. The chapter then discusses the minority of partners whose racework is best characterized as racial silence. In sum, the chapter has two main goals: to make clear the ways in which racial difference infiltrates intimate relationships and to show how interracial partners go about directly and indirectly managing this difference.Less
This chapter turns the lens from public spaces to the inner workings of relationships in order to look more closely at how interracial partners interpret and negotiate racial difference in everyday life. It introduces the concept of racial habitus, developed by Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, to explain how racial differences emerge in routine interactions. It then identifies “emotional labor” as the form of racework that individuals use to manage race and racism. It shows how this type of racework permits interracial partners to negotiate differences in racial habitus. One crucial difference is that White partners have not needed to develop the double-consciousness that characterizes a Black racial habitus. The chapter then discusses the minority of partners whose racework is best characterized as racial silence. In sum, the chapter has two main goals: to make clear the ways in which racial difference infiltrates intimate relationships and to show how interracial partners go about directly and indirectly managing this difference.
Pamela Burnard
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199583942
- eISBN:
- 9780191740671
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199583942.003.0007
- Subject:
- Psychology, Music Psychology, Social Psychology
This chapter examines the musical creativities of three modern composers who explore the many ways of musical composition for opera houses, concert halls, music theatres, and popular music venues. It ...
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This chapter examines the musical creativities of three modern composers who explore the many ways of musical composition for opera houses, concert halls, music theatres, and popular music venues. It briefly discusses composition as an object, and takes a look at identifiable composed musics. It then describes the practices of three modern post-classical composers and illustrates their creativities by discussing the nature of their compositional work, their work in performance, and through performances of their compositions. The chapter also shows how musical creativity becomes a part of the composer's habitus.Less
This chapter examines the musical creativities of three modern composers who explore the many ways of musical composition for opera houses, concert halls, music theatres, and popular music venues. It briefly discusses composition as an object, and takes a look at identifiable composed musics. It then describes the practices of three modern post-classical composers and illustrates their creativities by discussing the nature of their compositional work, their work in performance, and through performances of their compositions. The chapter also shows how musical creativity becomes a part of the composer's habitus.
Jeffrey Andrew Barash
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780226399157
- eISBN:
- 9780226399294
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226399294.001.0001
- Subject:
- Philosophy, General
If collective remembrance is as old as human communal existence and the age-old practices that forge its cohesion, theoretical preoccupation with the phenomenon of collective memory is relatively ...
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If collective remembrance is as old as human communal existence and the age-old practices that forge its cohesion, theoretical preoccupation with the phenomenon of collective memory is relatively recent. The present book accounts for this paradox through interpretation of the novel function accorded to collective memory which, in a modern context of discontinuity and dislocation, reoccupies the space that has been left vacant by the decline of traditional assumptions concerning human socio-political identity. In this situation, where memory is widely called upon as a source of collective cohesion, this book aims to elaborate a philosophical basis for the concept of collective memory and to delimit its scope in relation to the historical past. Extensive analysis is devoted to the complex modes of symbolic configuration of collective memory in the public sphere. These modes of symbolic configuration have undergone radical transformation over the past century that is both reflected and engendered by the new technologies of mass communication by virtue of their capacity to simulate direct experience and remembrance through the image. Such transformations make increasingly palpable the limited scope of collective memory, rooted in a rapidly changing context, in the face of an historical past beyond its pale. The growing awareness of these limits, however, and of the opacity of the historical past, need not fuel historical skepticism: as the novels of Walter Scott, Marcel Proust and W. J. Sebald serve to illustrate, it may place in evidence subtle nuances of temporal context that are emblematic of historical reality.Less
If collective remembrance is as old as human communal existence and the age-old practices that forge its cohesion, theoretical preoccupation with the phenomenon of collective memory is relatively recent. The present book accounts for this paradox through interpretation of the novel function accorded to collective memory which, in a modern context of discontinuity and dislocation, reoccupies the space that has been left vacant by the decline of traditional assumptions concerning human socio-political identity. In this situation, where memory is widely called upon as a source of collective cohesion, this book aims to elaborate a philosophical basis for the concept of collective memory and to delimit its scope in relation to the historical past. Extensive analysis is devoted to the complex modes of symbolic configuration of collective memory in the public sphere. These modes of symbolic configuration have undergone radical transformation over the past century that is both reflected and engendered by the new technologies of mass communication by virtue of their capacity to simulate direct experience and remembrance through the image. Such transformations make increasingly palpable the limited scope of collective memory, rooted in a rapidly changing context, in the face of an historical past beyond its pale. The growing awareness of these limits, however, and of the opacity of the historical past, need not fuel historical skepticism: as the novels of Walter Scott, Marcel Proust and W. J. Sebald serve to illustrate, it may place in evidence subtle nuances of temporal context that are emblematic of historical reality.
Maiken Umbach
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199557394
- eISBN:
- 9780191721564
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199557394.003.0006
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History, European Modern History
This chapter analyses the discourse of ‘Bürgerlichkeit’ in German reformist circles, arguing that it designated not a class identity, but the political ambition to invent a modern bourgeois identity, ...
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This chapter analyses the discourse of ‘Bürgerlichkeit’ in German reformist circles, arguing that it designated not a class identity, but the political ambition to invent a modern bourgeois identity, which was defined through individual self‐cultivation (Bildung) on the one hand, and rigorous self‐control and discipline on the other. The chapter traces how this bourgeois habitus emerged out of German Enlightenment culture, and became a prerequisite for the transformation of direct rule into ‘liberal’ or indirect government. This process is exemplified through a close reading of Muthesius's music chamber as a training ground for bourgeois sensibilities and sensory control. The chapter then traces how in modern German cities at large, a new visual openness was constantly kept in check by the invention of new psychic ordering mechanisms, which became more pronounced and openly authoritarian during the Weimar years.Less
This chapter analyses the discourse of ‘Bürgerlichkeit’ in German reformist circles, arguing that it designated not a class identity, but the political ambition to invent a modern bourgeois identity, which was defined through individual self‐cultivation (Bildung) on the one hand, and rigorous self‐control and discipline on the other. The chapter traces how this bourgeois habitus emerged out of German Enlightenment culture, and became a prerequisite for the transformation of direct rule into ‘liberal’ or indirect government. This process is exemplified through a close reading of Muthesius's music chamber as a training ground for bourgeois sensibilities and sensory control. The chapter then traces how in modern German cities at large, a new visual openness was constantly kept in check by the invention of new psychic ordering mechanisms, which became more pronounced and openly authoritarian during the Weimar years.
