Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
Grounded Theory (GT) is one of the oldest and most often used forms of qualitative research. Unlike other methods, GT is used to develop theory. Grounded Theory has great potential for social work ...
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Grounded Theory (GT) is one of the oldest and most often used forms of qualitative research. Unlike other methods, GT is used to develop theory. Grounded Theory has great potential for social work because in order to conduct theory-based practice, social workers need middle-range theories that are neither highly abstract nor difficult to apply in real life. Social work and Grounded Theory focus on the interaction of individual and society. GT studies can provide theories about how individuals navigate their surroundings that can be tested in social work practice and, ultimately, be used to guide social work practitioners. This book provides discussions of the common roots of social work and Grounded Theory, the basic characteristics of grounded theory research, and issues of quality in grounded theory research. In addition, practical guidelines and suggestions are provided for conducting grounded theory research, from writing the proposal to advanced data analysis. Exemplars from social work literature are used to illustrate grounded theory research in different social work fields. This book offers practice exercises, guidelines for formulating problems and gathering and analyzing data, tips for working with software, consideration of ethical and institutional review board issues, and discussion of new developments such as mixed-method and synthesis.Less
Grounded Theory (GT) is one of the oldest and most often used forms of qualitative research. Unlike other methods, GT is used to develop theory. Grounded Theory has great potential for social work because in order to conduct theory-based practice, social workers need middle-range theories that are neither highly abstract nor difficult to apply in real life. Social work and Grounded Theory focus on the interaction of individual and society. GT studies can provide theories about how individuals navigate their surroundings that can be tested in social work practice and, ultimately, be used to guide social work practitioners. This book provides discussions of the common roots of social work and Grounded Theory, the basic characteristics of grounded theory research, and issues of quality in grounded theory research. In addition, practical guidelines and suggestions are provided for conducting grounded theory research, from writing the proposal to advanced data analysis. Exemplars from social work literature are used to illustrate grounded theory research in different social work fields. This book offers practice exercises, guidelines for formulating problems and gathering and analyzing data, tips for working with software, consideration of ethical and institutional review board issues, and discussion of new developments such as mixed-method and synthesis.
Jeffrey Longhofer, Jerry Floersch, and Janet Hoy
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- September 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780195398472
- eISBN:
- 9780199979325
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195398472.001.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
Qualitative methods have become increasingly popular among researchers in the professions: social work, nursing, education, business, computer science, and occupational therapy. And while many ...
More
Qualitative methods have become increasingly popular among researchers in the professions: social work, nursing, education, business, computer science, and occupational therapy. And while many comprehensive textbooks (in sociology, anthropology and psychology) describe the standard techniques and philosophical assumptions, when the audience is broadened to include practitioners, it is often assumed that practitioners are the consumers of research, not the producers. This book uses qualitative methods to engage practitioners as knowledge producers. In particular, theory-to-practice gaps are described as indispensable conditions for conducting research that matters in worlds of practice. Practitioners are encouraged to lead research by conducting engaged scholarship, which promotes collaboration between practitioners and researchers to address practice-related problems in real world settings. Whereas reductionist methods assume that practice unfolds in closed systems, where variables can be manipulated and controlled or used to predict, the argument developed in this work, using critical realist philosophy, supports the idea that practice takes place in complex open systems. This, in turn, requires a specific practice-to-research vocabulary: brute and institutional facts, contingency and necessity, essentialism, and the phenomenological practice gap. Engaged scholarship and critical realist assumptions are applied to three case studies that combine research questions with data collection techniques and analytic strategies. Thematic, grounded theory, and narrative research techniques are illustrated, including original quick-start instructions for using ATLAS.ti computer software. Institutional ethnography is described, and a case study is used to illustrate the influence of policy implementation on clinical practice.Less
Qualitative methods have become increasingly popular among researchers in the professions: social work, nursing, education, business, computer science, and occupational therapy. And while many comprehensive textbooks (in sociology, anthropology and psychology) describe the standard techniques and philosophical assumptions, when the audience is broadened to include practitioners, it is often assumed that practitioners are the consumers of research, not the producers. This book uses qualitative methods to engage practitioners as knowledge producers. In particular, theory-to-practice gaps are described as indispensable conditions for conducting research that matters in worlds of practice. Practitioners are encouraged to lead research by conducting engaged scholarship, which promotes collaboration between practitioners and researchers to address practice-related problems in real world settings. Whereas reductionist methods assume that practice unfolds in closed systems, where variables can be manipulated and controlled or used to predict, the argument developed in this work, using critical realist philosophy, supports the idea that practice takes place in complex open systems. This, in turn, requires a specific practice-to-research vocabulary: brute and institutional facts, contingency and necessity, essentialism, and the phenomenological practice gap. Engaged scholarship and critical realist assumptions are applied to three case studies that combine research questions with data collection techniques and analytic strategies. Thematic, grounded theory, and narrative research techniques are illustrated, including original quick-start instructions for using ATLAS.ti computer software. Institutional ethnography is described, and a case study is used to illustrate the influence of policy implementation on clinical practice.
Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.003.0006
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter addresses how grounded theory is affected by a variety of recent developments in social work research. These include a discussion of why it is sometimes difficult to conduct a grounded ...
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This chapter addresses how grounded theory is affected by a variety of recent developments in social work research. These include a discussion of why it is sometimes difficult to conduct a grounded theory study today, and what to do when you want to develop theory but it is impractical to apply the grounded theory method. The chapter also considers ethical and institutional review board issues in grounded theory research. Attention is given to the practical considerations of publishing formats for grounded theory studies, with illustrations from exemplar grounded theory studies. It also discusses the use of computer software programs in grounded theory analysis. It considers the use of grounded theory in mixed method research. Finally, it discusses “formal grounded theory,” the grounded theory model for synthesizing qualitative studies. Exercises designed to help readers apply the material in the chapter to their own research are provided.Less
This chapter addresses how grounded theory is affected by a variety of recent developments in social work research. These include a discussion of why it is sometimes difficult to conduct a grounded theory study today, and what to do when you want to develop theory but it is impractical to apply the grounded theory method. The chapter also considers ethical and institutional review board issues in grounded theory research. Attention is given to the practical considerations of publishing formats for grounded theory studies, with illustrations from exemplar grounded theory studies. It also discusses the use of computer software programs in grounded theory analysis. It considers the use of grounded theory in mixed method research. Finally, it discusses “formal grounded theory,” the grounded theory model for synthesizing qualitative studies. Exercises designed to help readers apply the material in the chapter to their own research are provided.
Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.003.0001
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter provides a basic introduction to grounded theory. It begins by arguing that grounded theory is of particular value for the social work profession. It introduces three excellent grounded ...
More
This chapter provides a basic introduction to grounded theory. It begins by arguing that grounded theory is of particular value for the social work profession. It introduces three excellent grounded theory studies that will be used throughout the book to illustrate the grounded theory method, and to show how it can be used in social work and related fields. It provides some historical background on the method, emphasizing its common roots with those of the social work profession. The chapter includes an introduction to the theory of symbolic interactionism because its ideas are central to both social work and grounded theory. Finally, the chapter presents the basic characteristics and key components of the grounded theory method, and briefly discusses how it has evolved since the late 1960s, including recent developments such as constructivist and postmodern models. Several suggested exercises follow the chapter.Less
This chapter provides a basic introduction to grounded theory. It begins by arguing that grounded theory is of particular value for the social work profession. It introduces three excellent grounded theory studies that will be used throughout the book to illustrate the grounded theory method, and to show how it can be used in social work and related fields. It provides some historical background on the method, emphasizing its common roots with those of the social work profession. The chapter includes an introduction to the theory of symbolic interactionism because its ideas are central to both social work and grounded theory. Finally, the chapter presents the basic characteristics and key components of the grounded theory method, and briefly discusses how it has evolved since the late 1960s, including recent developments such as constructivist and postmodern models. Several suggested exercises follow the chapter.
Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.003.0002
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter addresses the researcher who is considering whether grounded theory is appropriate for his or her study. It begins with a brief discussion of when qualitative methods such as those in ...
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This chapter addresses the researcher who is considering whether grounded theory is appropriate for his or her study. It begins with a brief discussion of when qualitative methods such as those in grounded theory are most helpful. It then describes in more depth the basic characteristics and key components of grounded theory that were introduced in Chapter 1. It discusses how each of them can be used in the consideration of when to use grounded theory, and how the various characteristics of grounded theory impact problem formulation and study design. Then three exemplar grounded theory studies in social work are used to illustrate these characteristics and key components. Finally, the development of a research proposal in grounded theory research is discussed. Several suggested exercises follow the chapter.Less
This chapter addresses the researcher who is considering whether grounded theory is appropriate for his or her study. It begins with a brief discussion of when qualitative methods such as those in grounded theory are most helpful. It then describes in more depth the basic characteristics and key components of grounded theory that were introduced in Chapter 1. It discusses how each of them can be used in the consideration of when to use grounded theory, and how the various characteristics of grounded theory impact problem formulation and study design. Then three exemplar grounded theory studies in social work are used to illustrate these characteristics and key components. Finally, the development of a research proposal in grounded theory research is discussed. Several suggested exercises follow the chapter.
Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.003.0005
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter addresses ideas of quality in classic and newer versions of grounded theory. It emphasizes that in grounded theory, credibility is related to the application of the grounded theory ...
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This chapter addresses ideas of quality in classic and newer versions of grounded theory. It emphasizes that in grounded theory, credibility is related to the application of the grounded theory method, as well as to the theory that is produced and to its applicability to practice. It also explores how the contributions of social work authors on evaluating and enhancing quality in qualitative research can be used in grounded theory studies. The chapter includes illustrations of how quality is addressed in grounded theory social work research. It ends with suggested exercises for readers to assess grounded theory studies and to enhance credibility/trustworthiness in their own research.Less
This chapter addresses ideas of quality in classic and newer versions of grounded theory. It emphasizes that in grounded theory, credibility is related to the application of the grounded theory method, as well as to the theory that is produced and to its applicability to practice. It also explores how the contributions of social work authors on evaluating and enhancing quality in qualitative research can be used in grounded theory studies. The chapter includes illustrations of how quality is addressed in grounded theory social work research. It ends with suggested exercises for readers to assess grounded theory studies and to enhance credibility/trustworthiness in their own research.
Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.003.0004
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter focuses on the process of building theory from the concepts and categories developed in open coding. It introduces and illustrates the concepts of axial coding and selective coding, the ...
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This chapter focuses on the process of building theory from the concepts and categories developed in open coding. It introduces and illustrates the concepts of axial coding and selective coding, the final stage of grounded theory coding. A variety of techniques to stimulate thinking in the later stages of coding, such as the use of matrices and diagrams, are illustrated. The chapter emphasizes how these techniques fit into the multistage abductive process of grounded theory. The use of these techniques is illustrated in the exemplar grounded theory social work studies. The chapter concludes with exercises that students and researchers can use to apply the material in this chapter.Less
This chapter focuses on the process of building theory from the concepts and categories developed in open coding. It introduces and illustrates the concepts of axial coding and selective coding, the final stage of grounded theory coding. A variety of techniques to stimulate thinking in the later stages of coding, such as the use of matrices and diagrams, are illustrated. The chapter emphasizes how these techniques fit into the multistage abductive process of grounded theory. The use of these techniques is illustrated in the exemplar grounded theory social work studies. The chapter concludes with exercises that students and researchers can use to apply the material in this chapter.
Julianne S. Oktay
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199753697
- eISBN:
- 9780199932627
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199753697.003.0003
- Subject:
- Social Work, Research and Evaluation
This chapter focuses on the first level of data analysis in grounded theory. In this “first step,” the researcher uses line-by-line coding to begin to identify concepts from raw data. The chapter ...
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This chapter focuses on the first level of data analysis in grounded theory. In this “first step,” the researcher uses line-by-line coding to begin to identify concepts from raw data. The chapter includes examples of open coding, designed to help readers to use open coding with their own data. It illustrates how the grounded theory method creates concepts that are closely tied to data. It also shows how to further develop these concepts by identifying their dimensions and properties, and how to consolidate concepts into larger categories. It demonstrates how the authors of the exemplar social work grounded theory studies used the dimensions and properties of their categories in their analyses. It emphasizes the importance of writing memos, even in this early stage of analysis. It illustrates how open coding and memoing further the use of the constant comparative method and theoretical sampling in grounded theory data analysis. These components of the grounded theory method help the researcher to move the analysis beyond description and toward theory building. Exercises in early analysis are provided.Less
This chapter focuses on the first level of data analysis in grounded theory. In this “first step,” the researcher uses line-by-line coding to begin to identify concepts from raw data. The chapter includes examples of open coding, designed to help readers to use open coding with their own data. It illustrates how the grounded theory method creates concepts that are closely tied to data. It also shows how to further develop these concepts by identifying their dimensions and properties, and how to consolidate concepts into larger categories. It demonstrates how the authors of the exemplar social work grounded theory studies used the dimensions and properties of their categories in their analyses. It emphasizes the importance of writing memos, even in this early stage of analysis. It illustrates how open coding and memoing further the use of the constant comparative method and theoretical sampling in grounded theory data analysis. These components of the grounded theory method help the researcher to move the analysis beyond description and toward theory building. Exercises in early analysis are provided.
Jonathan Brant
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199639342
- eISBN:
- 9780191738098
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199639342.003.0005
- Subject:
- Religion, Religion and Society, Theology
In this chapter the key decisions that underlie the empirical research project are discussed. The chapter begins with a survey of the historical development of research into the relationship that ...
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In this chapter the key decisions that underlie the empirical research project are discussed. The chapter begins with a survey of the historical development of research into the relationship that exists between film and viewer / audience. In light of this survey, a qualitative research approach is chosen and then introduced. A discussion of methodology addresses the relationship between the two components of the thesis: the theoretical account and the empirical research). For this project the theoretical, theological account is to be prioritised but should not be privileged. The second section examines the design and enactment of the empirical research, focusing on the methods of qualitative research and the particular instruments which are used for data generation in this project. Finally, the grounded account developed in this project is compared to the grounded theory approach developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss.Less
In this chapter the key decisions that underlie the empirical research project are discussed. The chapter begins with a survey of the historical development of research into the relationship that exists between film and viewer / audience. In light of this survey, a qualitative research approach is chosen and then introduced. A discussion of methodology addresses the relationship between the two components of the thesis: the theoretical account and the empirical research). For this project the theoretical, theological account is to be prioritised but should not be privileged. The second section examines the design and enactment of the empirical research, focusing on the methods of qualitative research and the particular instruments which are used for data generation in this project. Finally, the grounded account developed in this project is compared to the grounded theory approach developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss.
Cristina E. Parau
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- May 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780197266403
- eISBN:
- 9780191879593
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197266403.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Legal Profession and Ethics
This chapter defines the monograph's scope of inquiry – to elucidate the origins of Judiciary branch institutions in the newly democratizing countries of Central and Eastern Europe – and sets out its ...
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This chapter defines the monograph's scope of inquiry – to elucidate the origins of Judiciary branch institutions in the newly democratizing countries of Central and Eastern Europe – and sets out its research puzzles: how came the institutional design of the Judiciary to be patterned on always the same transnational template which happens to maximize judicial empowerment to the exclusion of alternatives? And why was it accepted so uniformly across the whole region, despite its obvious drawbacks for the self-interest of the national parliaments called on to ratify it? The thesis of the book is then outlined. Judicial empowerment is explained as the empowerment, in fact, of a new social class, a transnational community networked around elite legal professionals. A literature review critiques some of the most pertinent works in the fields of law, political science, international law, and socio-legal studies, showing the connections between their findings and the instant thesis. The complex methodological approach used herein is finally outlined, consisting of multi-modal research strategies, sources of data, and forms of reasoning: case study and process tracing, Grounded Theory, comparative historical analysis, and logic triangulation.Less
This chapter defines the monograph's scope of inquiry – to elucidate the origins of Judiciary branch institutions in the newly democratizing countries of Central and Eastern Europe – and sets out its research puzzles: how came the institutional design of the Judiciary to be patterned on always the same transnational template which happens to maximize judicial empowerment to the exclusion of alternatives? And why was it accepted so uniformly across the whole region, despite its obvious drawbacks for the self-interest of the national parliaments called on to ratify it? The thesis of the book is then outlined. Judicial empowerment is explained as the empowerment, in fact, of a new social class, a transnational community networked around elite legal professionals. A literature review critiques some of the most pertinent works in the fields of law, political science, international law, and socio-legal studies, showing the connections between their findings and the instant thesis. The complex methodological approach used herein is finally outlined, consisting of multi-modal research strategies, sources of data, and forms of reasoning: case study and process tracing, Grounded Theory, comparative historical analysis, and logic triangulation.
Koen P.R. Bartels
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447318507
- eISBN:
- 9781447318521
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447318507.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
Participatory democracy has become an unshakable norm and widespread practice. Nowadays, public professionals and citizens regularly encounter each other in participatory practice to address shared ...
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Participatory democracy has become an unshakable norm and widespread practice. Nowadays, public professionals and citizens regularly encounter each other in participatory practice to address shared problems. But while the frequency, pace, and diversity of their public encounters has increased, communicating productively in participatory practice remains a challenging, fragile, and demanding undertaking that often runs astray. This book explores how citizens and public professionals communicate, why this is so difficult, and what could lead to more productive conversations. This done by comparing cases of community participation in neighbourhood governance in three European countries (the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Italy). An emergent, grounded theory is presented based on interpretive research of the narratives citizens and public professionals tell about participatory practice. The theory of communicative capacity holds that citizens and public professionals tend to sustain habitual communicative patterns that limit their ability to cooperatively solve the problems they are facing together. Therefore, they need the ability to recognise and break through these habitual patterns by adapting the nature, tone, and conditions of conversations to the ‘law of the situation’. Exercising communicative capacity will enable public professionals and citizens to have more integrative encounters leading to shared understandings, joint activities, and cooperative relating. As such, the book presents policy makers, practitioners, students, and academics with a much needed evidence base for understanding and appreciating the often overlooked impact of communicative practices in participatory theory and practice.Less
Participatory democracy has become an unshakable norm and widespread practice. Nowadays, public professionals and citizens regularly encounter each other in participatory practice to address shared problems. But while the frequency, pace, and diversity of their public encounters has increased, communicating productively in participatory practice remains a challenging, fragile, and demanding undertaking that often runs astray. This book explores how citizens and public professionals communicate, why this is so difficult, and what could lead to more productive conversations. This done by comparing cases of community participation in neighbourhood governance in three European countries (the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Italy). An emergent, grounded theory is presented based on interpretive research of the narratives citizens and public professionals tell about participatory practice. The theory of communicative capacity holds that citizens and public professionals tend to sustain habitual communicative patterns that limit their ability to cooperatively solve the problems they are facing together. Therefore, they need the ability to recognise and break through these habitual patterns by adapting the nature, tone, and conditions of conversations to the ‘law of the situation’. Exercising communicative capacity will enable public professionals and citizens to have more integrative encounters leading to shared understandings, joint activities, and cooperative relating. As such, the book presents policy makers, practitioners, students, and academics with a much needed evidence base for understanding and appreciating the often overlooked impact of communicative practices in participatory theory and practice.
Koen P.R. Bartels
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781447318507
- eISBN:
- 9781447318521
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447318507.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
This chapter provides some background to the ways in which the research was set up and carried out. It explains the interpretive analysis conducted to study communicative practices in three ...
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This chapter provides some background to the ways in which the research was set up and carried out. It explains the interpretive analysis conducted to study communicative practices in three international cases and the narrative analysis used to make sense of the stories citizens and public professionals told about their experiences with participatory practice. It explains how the cases were selected and compared and what they add to the analysis and conclusions about communicative capacity. The chapter then explains what narratives are and how, in each of the three cases, stories were collected by qualitative interviewing of 20 local public professionals and citizens, while participant observation, document analysis, and feedback were used as additional methods to consider data about the same situations. Finally, it explains the grounded theory analysis process of identifying emergent categories, patterns and meta narratives, which formed the building blocks of the theory of communicative capacity.Less
This chapter provides some background to the ways in which the research was set up and carried out. It explains the interpretive analysis conducted to study communicative practices in three international cases and the narrative analysis used to make sense of the stories citizens and public professionals told about their experiences with participatory practice. It explains how the cases were selected and compared and what they add to the analysis and conclusions about communicative capacity. The chapter then explains what narratives are and how, in each of the three cases, stories were collected by qualitative interviewing of 20 local public professionals and citizens, while participant observation, document analysis, and feedback were used as additional methods to consider data about the same situations. Finally, it explains the grounded theory analysis process of identifying emergent categories, patterns and meta narratives, which formed the building blocks of the theory of communicative capacity.
Alice Mattoni
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- October 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780198719571
- eISBN:
- 9780191788666
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198719571.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The chapter illustrates how grounded theory can work as a flexible source of guidelines in developing research on grassroots political participation and mobilization, combining in a consistent ...
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The chapter illustrates how grounded theory can work as a flexible source of guidelines in developing research on grassroots political participation and mobilization, combining in a consistent research design different methods of data gathering usually employed in social movement studies. Moreover, the chapter aims at specifying some key elements of grounded theory, with a focus on the process of qualitative data coding. The chapter first briefly presents some general traits of grounded theory, also sketching its historical development. Using examples from the author’s research and other scholarly work on political participation and mobilization, it then discusses data collection and data analysis in grounded theory. Finally, the chapter reflects on the meanings that theorizing might acquire in grounded theory when it comes to social movement studies. Conclusions show in which cases this research strategy can fruitfully be employed to investigate social movements.Less
The chapter illustrates how grounded theory can work as a flexible source of guidelines in developing research on grassroots political participation and mobilization, combining in a consistent research design different methods of data gathering usually employed in social movement studies. Moreover, the chapter aims at specifying some key elements of grounded theory, with a focus on the process of qualitative data coding. The chapter first briefly presents some general traits of grounded theory, also sketching its historical development. Using examples from the author’s research and other scholarly work on political participation and mobilization, it then discusses data collection and data analysis in grounded theory. Finally, the chapter reflects on the meanings that theorizing might acquire in grounded theory when it comes to social movement studies. Conclusions show in which cases this research strategy can fruitfully be employed to investigate social movements.
Philip N. Howard
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- September 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199736416
- eISBN:
- 9780199866441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199736416.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics, Democratization
This chapter develops grounded theory about the role of information and communication technologies in civil society development. Civic groups are important for democratization because they are, by ...
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This chapter develops grounded theory about the role of information and communication technologies in civil society development. Civic groups are important for democratization because they are, by definition, social organizations independent of the state. Across the Muslim world, civic associations are sprouting up as a result of the new, supportive information infrastructure provided by ICTs. Relatively cheap consumer electronics allow such civic groups to find new members and build affiliations with groups in cities and other countries. Such groups are particularly important in Muslim countries where political parties are illegal. The chapter reviews the ways in which the internet has had an impact on the political pacts negotiated between social elites and authoritarian regimes—pacts that determine the pace of political change.Less
This chapter develops grounded theory about the role of information and communication technologies in civil society development. Civic groups are important for democratization because they are, by definition, social organizations independent of the state. Across the Muslim world, civic associations are sprouting up as a result of the new, supportive information infrastructure provided by ICTs. Relatively cheap consumer electronics allow such civic groups to find new members and build affiliations with groups in cities and other countries. Such groups are particularly important in Muslim countries where political parties are illegal. The chapter reviews the ways in which the internet has had an impact on the political pacts negotiated between social elites and authoritarian regimes—pacts that determine the pace of political change.
Brooke A. Ackerly
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- February 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780190662936
- eISBN:
- 9780190662974
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190662936.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Theory
In order to take on global injustice as a problem of injustice itself, a political theory of responsibility requires a methodology for guiding the taking of responsibility for injustice. Chapter 4 ...
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In order to take on global injustice as a problem of injustice itself, a political theory of responsibility requires a methodology for guiding the taking of responsibility for injustice. Chapter 4 provides the feminist theoretical basis for the methodological approach of the book. A feminist grounded normative political theory uses a feminist critical methodology to identify differences in perspectives on injustice. These might reflect differences in how groups experience injustice. In feminist grounded political theory, we treat the space between differences as at once a space of inquiry and a site from which to gain critical purchase on previously normalized exploited power inequalities. The chapter illustrates the role of feminist social criticism in light of the limitations of injustice itself.Less
In order to take on global injustice as a problem of injustice itself, a political theory of responsibility requires a methodology for guiding the taking of responsibility for injustice. Chapter 4 provides the feminist theoretical basis for the methodological approach of the book. A feminist grounded normative political theory uses a feminist critical methodology to identify differences in perspectives on injustice. These might reflect differences in how groups experience injustice. In feminist grounded political theory, we treat the space between differences as at once a space of inquiry and a site from which to gain critical purchase on previously normalized exploited power inequalities. The chapter illustrates the role of feminist social criticism in light of the limitations of injustice itself.
Steve Kempster and Ken Parry
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199665525
- eISBN:
- 9780191771637
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199665525.003.0005
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This chapter outlines how critical-realist informed grounded theory could be undertaken through providing the necessary detail of the how aspects by application to a specific field of research—namely ...
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This chapter outlines how critical-realist informed grounded theory could be undertaken through providing the necessary detail of the how aspects by application to a specific field of research—namely contrastive explanations of how leadership learning occurs by identifying causal powers. The chapter outlines a structure of seven stages which is illustrated through the case study, namely: (i) subject matter—leadership learning; (ii) ontology—critical realism; (iii) methodology—retroductive grounded theory; (iv) data collection—exploring lived experience through interviews; (v) data analysis—retroduction; (vi) theory development—retroductive explanation; (vii) testing theory—discussion with respondents prior to theory propagation. The chapter seeks to propose that critical realist grounded theory aims to build an explanation of social processes and practices by first identifying generative causal powers that shape such processes and practices; and second to explain how such generative causal powers are contingent upon local emergent causal powers.Less
This chapter outlines how critical-realist informed grounded theory could be undertaken through providing the necessary detail of the how aspects by application to a specific field of research—namely contrastive explanations of how leadership learning occurs by identifying causal powers. The chapter outlines a structure of seven stages which is illustrated through the case study, namely: (i) subject matter—leadership learning; (ii) ontology—critical realism; (iii) methodology—retroductive grounded theory; (iv) data collection—exploring lived experience through interviews; (v) data analysis—retroduction; (vi) theory development—retroductive explanation; (vii) testing theory—discussion with respondents prior to theory propagation. The chapter seeks to propose that critical realist grounded theory aims to build an explanation of social processes and practices by first identifying generative causal powers that shape such processes and practices; and second to explain how such generative causal powers are contingent upon local emergent causal powers.
Antony Bryant
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199922604
- eISBN:
- 9780190652548
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199922604.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
The book is addressed to investigators with some knowledge of and familiarity with research methodswho are keen to learn more about the grounded theory method [GTM]. The method is located against ...
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The book is addressed to investigators with some knowledge of and familiarity with research methodswho are keen to learn more about the grounded theory method [GTM]. The method is located against general research issues, such as the nature of doctoral and other research, discussions on epistemology and ontology, and the initial motivations for undertaking a specific research project. The key features of GTM are discussed and exemplified using numerous examples taken from several of the author’s many successful PhD students. The focus is on distinguishing the core and essential features of the method, from those that can be regarded as “accidental.” The author’s concept of Methodological Sensitivity is introduced to explain how insightful research is often dependent on researchers’ adapting one or more methods to their specific project and context. The grounded theory method is illustrated through several examples taken from PhD theses supervised by the author; also the derivation of a grounded theory is drawn from more than 100 published GTM papers. The book includes chapters devoted to discussions of the concept of abduction and abductive logic, now seen as central to GTM, set against an overview of different forms of reasoning—i.e. induction and deduction. Other chapters include personal accounts of GTM-in-use by four successful PhD candidates and a guide that summarizes ways in which issues around GTM can be taken into account and addressed both by researchers (not only PhD students) and by assessors and evaluators (PhD examiners, journal editors, reviewers, and those refereeing research proposals).Less
The book is addressed to investigators with some knowledge of and familiarity with research methodswho are keen to learn more about the grounded theory method [GTM]. The method is located against general research issues, such as the nature of doctoral and other research, discussions on epistemology and ontology, and the initial motivations for undertaking a specific research project. The key features of GTM are discussed and exemplified using numerous examples taken from several of the author’s many successful PhD students. The focus is on distinguishing the core and essential features of the method, from those that can be regarded as “accidental.” The author’s concept of Methodological Sensitivity is introduced to explain how insightful research is often dependent on researchers’ adapting one or more methods to their specific project and context. The grounded theory method is illustrated through several examples taken from PhD theses supervised by the author; also the derivation of a grounded theory is drawn from more than 100 published GTM papers. The book includes chapters devoted to discussions of the concept of abduction and abductive logic, now seen as central to GTM, set against an overview of different forms of reasoning—i.e. induction and deduction. Other chapters include personal accounts of GTM-in-use by four successful PhD candidates and a guide that summarizes ways in which issues around GTM can be taken into account and addressed both by researchers (not only PhD students) and by assessors and evaluators (PhD examiners, journal editors, reviewers, and those refereeing research proposals).
Joshua Karton
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199658008
- eISBN:
- 9780191757914
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199658008.003.0002
- Subject:
- Law, Private International Law
This chapter provides some background to the cultural theory of international arbitral decision-making presented in the following two chapters. It sets out a definition of ‘culture’ as the term is ...
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This chapter provides some background to the cultural theory of international arbitral decision-making presented in the following two chapters. It sets out a definition of ‘culture’ as the term is used in this book, explains why it is important to study international arbitration culture, and describes the methodology used here to generate the cultural theory of international arbitral decision-making: a sociological approach based on the grounded theory method.Less
This chapter provides some background to the cultural theory of international arbitral decision-making presented in the following two chapters. It sets out a definition of ‘culture’ as the term is used in this book, explains why it is important to study international arbitration culture, and describes the methodology used here to generate the cultural theory of international arbitral decision-making: a sociological approach based on the grounded theory method.
Antony Bryant
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199922604
- eISBN:
- 9780190652548
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199922604.003.0004
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Chapter 4—GTM Overview—The key features of GTM, using examples drawn from recent work by PhD students illustrating their implementation and view of the GTM research process, and the ways in which the ...
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Chapter 4—GTM Overview—The key features of GTM, using examples drawn from recent work by PhD students illustrating their implementation and view of the GTM research process, and the ways in which the method drives forward the process of abstraction towards key concepts or categories. The final section discusses the distinction between Accidents and Essences of the method—specifically aiming to clarify and dispel controversial and critical aspects such as the use of existing literature, the role of induction, claims regarding preconceptions, and the positivist or objectivist tone of some forms of GTM. Essential aspects such as fit,grab, work, and modifiability are discussed.Less
Chapter 4—GTM Overview—The key features of GTM, using examples drawn from recent work by PhD students illustrating their implementation and view of the GTM research process, and the ways in which the method drives forward the process of abstraction towards key concepts or categories. The final section discusses the distinction between Accidents and Essences of the method—specifically aiming to clarify and dispel controversial and critical aspects such as the use of existing literature, the role of induction, claims regarding preconceptions, and the positivist or objectivist tone of some forms of GTM. Essential aspects such as fit,grab, work, and modifiability are discussed.
Antony Bryant
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780199922604
- eISBN:
- 9780190652548
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199922604.003.0014
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Detailed account of derivation of a grounded theory based on analysis of 100+ research papers. The initial selection of the data from an online university library resource. Open coding based on 20 ...
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Detailed account of derivation of a grounded theory based on analysis of 100+ research papers. The initial selection of the data from an online university library resource. Open coding based on 20 papers. Details of these codes against the extracts or key points taken from the papers themselves. Extracts from the memos made for the key codes and categories. Later stages of theoretical sampling and derivation of focused codes. Extracts from second stage memos explaining the reasoning that led to these outcomes, and suggested further refinement. Derivation of the core concept of “Methodologizing,” composed of “Tailoring,” “Positioning,” and “Warranting.” Suggestions of further work to be done to enhance and extend the substantive grounded theory.Less
Detailed account of derivation of a grounded theory based on analysis of 100+ research papers. The initial selection of the data from an online university library resource. Open coding based on 20 papers. Details of these codes against the extracts or key points taken from the papers themselves. Extracts from the memos made for the key codes and categories. Later stages of theoretical sampling and derivation of focused codes. Extracts from second stage memos explaining the reasoning that led to these outcomes, and suggested further refinement. Derivation of the core concept of “Methodologizing,” composed of “Tailoring,” “Positioning,” and “Warranting.” Suggestions of further work to be done to enhance and extend the substantive grounded theory.
