Geoffrey E. Hill
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- April 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195148480
- eISBN:
- 9780199893683
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195148480.003.0007
- Subject:
- Biology, Ornithology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
There are two potential payoffs for a female who mates with a highly ornamented male: resources for herself and her offspring and good genes for offspring. Male House Finches with brighter plumage ...
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There are two potential payoffs for a female who mates with a highly ornamented male: resources for herself and her offspring and good genes for offspring. Male House Finches with brighter plumage coloration feed incubating females and chicks in their nests more than drabber males. Some indirect evidence also supports the hypothesis that female gain good genes by pairing with highly ornamented males but this idea remains to be fully tested.Less
There are two potential payoffs for a female who mates with a highly ornamented male: resources for herself and her offspring and good genes for offspring. Male House Finches with brighter plumage coloration feed incubating females and chicks in their nests more than drabber males. Some indirect evidence also supports the hypothesis that female gain good genes by pairing with highly ornamented males but this idea remains to be fully tested.
Dennis L. Krebs
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199778232
- eISBN:
- 9780199897261
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199778232.003.0019
- Subject:
- Psychology, Evolutionary Psychology, Social Psychology
The basic idea underlying the evolution of altruism through sexual selection is that altruistic traits that are a burden to survival can evolve if they increase animals’ reproductive success. It is ...
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The basic idea underlying the evolution of altruism through sexual selection is that altruistic traits that are a burden to survival can evolve if they increase animals’ reproductive success. It is in the reproductive interest of members of both sexes to mate with those who are disposed to sacrifice their interests to help them and their offspring, and there is a great deal of evidence that humans are attracted to mates who possess altruistic traits. Altruistic traits signal “good genes,” and constitute costly signals that indicate that those who posses them have been strong and vital enough to survive in spite of them. Although issues pertaining to sex are closely associated with morality in the minds of most people, psychological accounts of morality tend to neglect them.Less
The basic idea underlying the evolution of altruism through sexual selection is that altruistic traits that are a burden to survival can evolve if they increase animals’ reproductive success. It is in the reproductive interest of members of both sexes to mate with those who are disposed to sacrifice their interests to help them and their offspring, and there is a great deal of evidence that humans are attracted to mates who possess altruistic traits. Altruistic traits signal “good genes,” and constitute costly signals that indicate that those who posses them have been strong and vital enough to survive in spite of them. Although issues pertaining to sex are closely associated with morality in the minds of most people, psychological accounts of morality tend to neglect them.
Anne E. Magurran
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198527855
- eISBN:
- 9780191713576
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198527855.003.0004
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
Trinidadian guppies have become one of the classic examples of female choice. This chapter begins by summarizing the reproductive biology of male and female fish. Male tactics and female choice are ...
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Trinidadian guppies have become one of the classic examples of female choice. This chapter begins by summarizing the reproductive biology of male and female fish. Male tactics and female choice are reviewed briefly, and the chapter continues the approach adopted throughout the book by developing themes initiated by the early workers (including Winge, Clark & Aronson, Baerends, Haskins, Bateman, and Liley) and showing how recent investigations have shed light on the important questions they raised. These topics include causes and consequences of population differences in reproductive behaviour; variance in mating success between the sexes; sperm competition/cryptic female choice; and sexual selection and the maintenance of variation within and between populations.Less
Trinidadian guppies have become one of the classic examples of female choice. This chapter begins by summarizing the reproductive biology of male and female fish. Male tactics and female choice are reviewed briefly, and the chapter continues the approach adopted throughout the book by developing themes initiated by the early workers (including Winge, Clark & Aronson, Baerends, Haskins, Bateman, and Liley) and showing how recent investigations have shed light on the important questions they raised. These topics include causes and consequences of population differences in reproductive behaviour; variance in mating success between the sexes; sperm competition/cryptic female choice; and sexual selection and the maintenance of variation within and between populations.
Gil G. Rosenthal
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780691150673
- eISBN:
- 9781400885466
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691150673.001.0001
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
The popular consensus on mate choice has long been that females select mates likely to pass good genes to offspring. This book overturns much of this conventional wisdom. Providing the first ...
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The popular consensus on mate choice has long been that females select mates likely to pass good genes to offspring. This book overturns much of this conventional wisdom. Providing the first synthesis of the topic in more than three decades, and drawing from a wide range of fields, including animal behavior, evolutionary biology, social psychology, neuroscience, and economics, the book argues that “good genes” play a relatively minor role in shaping mate choice decisions and demonstrates how mate choice is influenced by genetic factors, environmental effects, and social interactions. Looking at diverse organisms, from protozoans to humans, the book explores how factors beyond the hunt for good genes combine to produce an endless array of preferences among species and individuals. The book explains how mating decisions originate from structural constraints on perception and from nonsexual functions, and how single organisms benefit or lose from their choices. Both the origin of species and their fusion through hybridization are strongly influenced by direct selection on preferences in sexual and nonsexual contexts. The book broadens the traditional scope of mate choice research to encompass not just animal behavior and behavioral ecology but also neurobiology, the social sciences, and other areas. Focusing on mate choice mechanisms, rather than the traits they target, the book offers a groundbreaking perspective on the proximate and ultimate forces determining the evolutionary fate of species and populations.Less
The popular consensus on mate choice has long been that females select mates likely to pass good genes to offspring. This book overturns much of this conventional wisdom. Providing the first synthesis of the topic in more than three decades, and drawing from a wide range of fields, including animal behavior, evolutionary biology, social psychology, neuroscience, and economics, the book argues that “good genes” play a relatively minor role in shaping mate choice decisions and demonstrates how mate choice is influenced by genetic factors, environmental effects, and social interactions. Looking at diverse organisms, from protozoans to humans, the book explores how factors beyond the hunt for good genes combine to produce an endless array of preferences among species and individuals. The book explains how mating decisions originate from structural constraints on perception and from nonsexual functions, and how single organisms benefit or lose from their choices. Both the origin of species and their fusion through hybridization are strongly influenced by direct selection on preferences in sexual and nonsexual contexts. The book broadens the traditional scope of mate choice research to encompass not just animal behavior and behavioral ecology but also neurobiology, the social sciences, and other areas. Focusing on mate choice mechanisms, rather than the traits they target, the book offers a groundbreaking perspective on the proximate and ultimate forces determining the evolutionary fate of species and populations.
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780199609543
- eISBN:
- 9780191747717
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199609543.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Evolutionary Psychology, Developmental Psychology
In most species, where male investment in offspring is minimal, males compete to attract females. In humans, the evolution of biparental care and monogamy meant that males became choosier and females ...
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In most species, where male investment in offspring is minimal, males compete to attract females. In humans, the evolution of biparental care and monogamy meant that males became choosier and females as well as males had to compete for the most desirable mates. This chapter examines the qualities that make a man desirable as a short-term and long-term mate. The qualities that men look for in women—youth and attractiveness—become the focus of female competition. Female competition can escalate into reputational attack and direct confrontation when well-resourced men are in short supply.Less
In most species, where male investment in offspring is minimal, males compete to attract females. In humans, the evolution of biparental care and monogamy meant that males became choosier and females as well as males had to compete for the most desirable mates. This chapter examines the qualities that make a man desirable as a short-term and long-term mate. The qualities that men look for in women—youth and attractiveness—become the focus of female competition. Female competition can escalate into reputational attack and direct confrontation when well-resourced men are in short supply.
Geoffrey E. Hill
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- June 2019
- ISBN:
- 9780198818250
- eISBN:
- 9780191859465
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198818250.003.0008
- Subject:
- Biology, Ecology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
At each new generation, sexual reproduction creates new combinations of nuclear and mitochondrial genes, and the potential arises for mitonuclear incompatibilities and reduced fitness. Sexual ...
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At each new generation, sexual reproduction creates new combinations of nuclear and mitochondrial genes, and the potential arises for mitonuclear incompatibilities and reduced fitness. Sexual selection plays a key role in maintaining mitonuclear coadaptation across generations because it enables pre-zygotic sorting for coadapted mitonuclear genotypes. In this chapter, I present data that individuals engaged in mate choice select partners with correct species-typical mitochondrial and nuclear genotypes as well as individuals with highly functional cellular respiration. The implication is that mate choice for compatible nuclear and mitochondrial genes can play a significant role in generating the patterns of ornamentation and preferences observed in animals.Less
At each new generation, sexual reproduction creates new combinations of nuclear and mitochondrial genes, and the potential arises for mitonuclear incompatibilities and reduced fitness. Sexual selection plays a key role in maintaining mitonuclear coadaptation across generations because it enables pre-zygotic sorting for coadapted mitonuclear genotypes. In this chapter, I present data that individuals engaged in mate choice select partners with correct species-typical mitochondrial and nuclear genotypes as well as individuals with highly functional cellular respiration. The implication is that mate choice for compatible nuclear and mitochondrial genes can play a significant role in generating the patterns of ornamentation and preferences observed in animals.
Richard Mcelreath and Robert Boyd
- Published in print:
- 2007
- Published Online:
- February 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780226558264
- eISBN:
- 9780226558288
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226558288.003.0008
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
Sexual selection refers to selection on individuals of the non-limiting sex (usually males) caused by differential access to the limiting sex (usually females). Following Julian Huxley, most people ...
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Sexual selection refers to selection on individuals of the non-limiting sex (usually males) caused by differential access to the limiting sex (usually females). Following Julian Huxley, most people divide sexual selection into two components: intrasexual selection and intersexual selection. Intrasexual selection refers to selection caused by male-male competition, while intersexual selection refers to selection caused by female preferences. This chapter focuses on the evolution of preferences for seemingly maladaptive, exaggerated male traits. Much of the literature divides explanations for the evolution of female preferences into three distinct categories: Fisherian runaway models, good-genes models, and sensory bias models. This chapter also presents a new set of tools to model the evolution of female preferences. It begins by considering the quantitative genetic models and then looks at Russ Lande's model of the runaway process as well as its descendants. The chapter also examines a game-theoretic model by Hanna Kokko, John McNamara, and their coworkers that provides a very clear understanding of the relationship between Fisherian models and so-called good-genes models.Less
Sexual selection refers to selection on individuals of the non-limiting sex (usually males) caused by differential access to the limiting sex (usually females). Following Julian Huxley, most people divide sexual selection into two components: intrasexual selection and intersexual selection. Intrasexual selection refers to selection caused by male-male competition, while intersexual selection refers to selection caused by female preferences. This chapter focuses on the evolution of preferences for seemingly maladaptive, exaggerated male traits. Much of the literature divides explanations for the evolution of female preferences into three distinct categories: Fisherian runaway models, good-genes models, and sensory bias models. This chapter also presents a new set of tools to model the evolution of female preferences. It begins by considering the quantitative genetic models and then looks at Russ Lande's model of the runaway process as well as its descendants. The chapter also examines a game-theoretic model by Hanna Kokko, John McNamara, and their coworkers that provides a very clear understanding of the relationship between Fisherian models and so-called good-genes models.
Pete A. Ensminger
- Published in print:
- 2001
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300088045
- eISBN:
- 9780300133523
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300088045.003.0013
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
This chapter focuses on animal genitalia, their function, and the evolutionary significance of sexual selection. The good gene mechanisms of evolution by sexual dimorphism and the runaway sexual ...
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This chapter focuses on animal genitalia, their function, and the evolutionary significance of sexual selection. The good gene mechanisms of evolution by sexual dimorphism and the runaway sexual selection process are also described. This chapter describes studies on photoreceptors on genitalia of the Japanese yellow swallowtail butterfly and it's mating ritual.Less
This chapter focuses on animal genitalia, their function, and the evolutionary significance of sexual selection. The good gene mechanisms of evolution by sexual dimorphism and the runaway sexual selection process are also described. This chapter describes studies on photoreceptors on genitalia of the Japanese yellow swallowtail butterfly and it's mating ritual.
Gary C. Howard
- Published in print:
- 2021
- Published Online:
- October 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780190687724
- eISBN:
- 9780197601433
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780190687724.003.0007
- Subject:
- Biology, Evolutionary Biology / Genetics
Longevity seems to run in families, and very old people are sometimes said to have “good” genes. There might be something to that. If there is a key to immortality, molecular geneticists may be able ...
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Longevity seems to run in families, and very old people are sometimes said to have “good” genes. There might be something to that. If there is a key to immortality, molecular geneticists may be able to find it. They recently began to explore the genes and other factors that cause us to age and eventually die and are finding intriguing hints of ways that death can be deferred, such as through caloric restriction, epigenetic techniques, and manipulation of telomeres and stem cells. Inherent in such studies is the concept that many of the diseases associated with aging, such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease—the things that kill most people—may be symptoms of the disease of aging.Less
Longevity seems to run in families, and very old people are sometimes said to have “good” genes. There might be something to that. If there is a key to immortality, molecular geneticists may be able to find it. They recently began to explore the genes and other factors that cause us to age and eventually die and are finding intriguing hints of ways that death can be deferred, such as through caloric restriction, epigenetic techniques, and manipulation of telomeres and stem cells. Inherent in such studies is the concept that many of the diseases associated with aging, such as heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disease—the things that kill most people—may be symptoms of the disease of aging.
