Duana Fullwiley
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691123165
- eISBN:
- 9781400840410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691123165.003.0007
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter further explores issues of patients' tenacity to shape science, through advocacy on an international level, and investigates the ways that making a disease public in Africa often entails ...
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This chapter further explores issues of patients' tenacity to shape science, through advocacy on an international level, and investigates the ways that making a disease public in Africa often entails locating it within discourses of humanitarian “crisis,” emergency, and global health prioritization. In this way, tireless patient advocates of African origin living in France created the sickle cell disease umbrella organization of the International Organization for the Fight against Sickle Cell (OILD), which succeeded in getting sickle cell anemia the attention of the World Health Organization and the United Nations in 2008. The OILD's strategy of making sickle cell visible to these multilateral institutions consisted of linking the disease to other pressing global health problems for development through means that often deployed uncertainty as “data.”Less
This chapter further explores issues of patients' tenacity to shape science, through advocacy on an international level, and investigates the ways that making a disease public in Africa often entails locating it within discourses of humanitarian “crisis,” emergency, and global health prioritization. In this way, tireless patient advocates of African origin living in France created the sickle cell disease umbrella organization of the International Organization for the Fight against Sickle Cell (OILD), which succeeded in getting sickle cell anemia the attention of the World Health Organization and the United Nations in 2008. The OILD's strategy of making sickle cell visible to these multilateral institutions consisted of linking the disease to other pressing global health problems for development through means that often deployed uncertainty as “data.”
Scott Barrett
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- October 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780199286096
- eISBN:
- 9780191602832
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199286094.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This book develops a theory of international cooperation on environmental issues. The theory integrates a number of disciplines, including game theory, economics, international law, and international ...
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This book develops a theory of international cooperation on environmental issues. The theory integrates a number of disciplines, including game theory, economics, international law, and international relations. It explains why treaties are used to address these challenges, and what makes treaties succeed or fail. Treaties can only change behavior by restructuring the incentives that drive behavior. Successful treaties must therefore make it in the interests of countries to participate in and to comply with an agreement demanding substantial changes in behavior such as reductions in pollution emissions. The theory is applied to a number of environmental problems including acid rain, protection of the ozone layer, the management of international fisheries, and the regulation of oil dumping at sea. The concluding chapter, updated in the paperback edition with a new afterword, uses the theory to explain why the Kyoto Protocol will fail to substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and why alternative approaches may work better.Less
This book develops a theory of international cooperation on environmental issues. The theory integrates a number of disciplines, including game theory, economics, international law, and international relations. It explains why treaties are used to address these challenges, and what makes treaties succeed or fail. Treaties can only change behavior by restructuring the incentives that drive behavior. Successful treaties must therefore make it in the interests of countries to participate in and to comply with an agreement demanding substantial changes in behavior such as reductions in pollution emissions. The theory is applied to a number of environmental problems including acid rain, protection of the ozone layer, the management of international fisheries, and the regulation of oil dumping at sea. The concluding chapter, updated in the paperback edition with a new afterword, uses the theory to explain why the Kyoto Protocol will fail to substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and why alternative approaches may work better.
Jennifer Prah Ruger
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- June 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780199694631
- eISBN:
- 9780191862144
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199694631.003.0002
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, International
Global health institutions, including the World Health Organization and other United Nations organizations, the World Bank, the vast numbers of foundations, civil society organizations and other ...
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Global health institutions, including the World Health Organization and other United Nations organizations, the World Bank, the vast numbers of foundations, civil society organizations and other actors, and nations themselves have been unable to address global health problems sufficiently. Health actors have proliferated dramatically, and the global health enterprise has become kaleidoscopically fragmented and incoherent. The modus vivendi underlying the activities and interrelationships of these actors arguably works against resolving the world’s health challenges. Decades-old international problems in health governance still persist today. These problems present serious ethical questions and demand a normative theoretical foundation as we seek their solutions.Less
Global health institutions, including the World Health Organization and other United Nations organizations, the World Bank, the vast numbers of foundations, civil society organizations and other actors, and nations themselves have been unable to address global health problems sufficiently. Health actors have proliferated dramatically, and the global health enterprise has become kaleidoscopically fragmented and incoherent. The modus vivendi underlying the activities and interrelationships of these actors arguably works against resolving the world’s health challenges. Decades-old international problems in health governance still persist today. These problems present serious ethical questions and demand a normative theoretical foundation as we seek their solutions.
Andrew deWaard and R. Colin Tait
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- November 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780231165518
- eISBN:
- 9780231850391
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231165518.003.0010
- Subject:
- Film, Television and Radio, Film
This chapter isolates a unique cycle of films considered as the ‘global social problem film’ (GSP). This subgenre's characteristics and iconography are outlined in Traffic (2000, the first film in ...
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This chapter isolates a unique cycle of films considered as the ‘global social problem film’ (GSP). This subgenre's characteristics and iconography are outlined in Traffic (2000, the first film in the cycle), Syriana (2005), The Informant! (2009), and Contagion (2011). As a genre cycle, the GSP is a result of postmodern genre hybridity, defined in this chapter as films whose hybridity is comprised of three main ingredients: the legacy of the original social problem film of early Hollywood cinema, including the use of melodramatic tone, with a focus on wider, global institutional problems; the distinct influence of documentary and docudrama, in an effort towards realism; and the distinct utilisation of a multi-linear, rhizomatic web-of-life plot line. These elements are usually spiced up with thriller, crime, and sardonic wit as the whole bastardised recipe occurs in a global melting pot.Less
This chapter isolates a unique cycle of films considered as the ‘global social problem film’ (GSP). This subgenre's characteristics and iconography are outlined in Traffic (2000, the first film in the cycle), Syriana (2005), The Informant! (2009), and Contagion (2011). As a genre cycle, the GSP is a result of postmodern genre hybridity, defined in this chapter as films whose hybridity is comprised of three main ingredients: the legacy of the original social problem film of early Hollywood cinema, including the use of melodramatic tone, with a focus on wider, global institutional problems; the distinct influence of documentary and docudrama, in an effort towards realism; and the distinct utilisation of a multi-linear, rhizomatic web-of-life plot line. These elements are usually spiced up with thriller, crime, and sardonic wit as the whole bastardised recipe occurs in a global melting pot.
Richard H. Immerman and Jeffrey A. Engel (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9780813179001
- eISBN:
- 9780813179018
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- University Press of Kentucky
- DOI:
- 10.5810/kentucky/9780813179001.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
This book is a collection of fourteen solutions for some of the twenty-first century’s greatest challenges. Each of the contributors—selected for their expertise and accomplishments in fields as ...
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This book is a collection of fourteen solutions for some of the twenty-first century’s greatest challenges. Each of the contributors—selected for their expertise and accomplishments in fields as varied as medicine, finance, international development, and history—employs Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points as inspiration, providing historical background to situate Wilson’s ideas in their full context. First presented in 1918 as World War I raged, the original Fourteen Points offered a thoughtful and synthetic plan for overhauling the international order. Inspired by its magnitude and impact, the contributors use Wilson’s framework to prescribe remedies to the following problems: politics; development; migration; environmentalism, medicine, and health care; statecraft, international cooperation, and military restraint; privacy and technology; and food security. Collectively, the volume reassesses and calls for a renewal of the globalism at the heart of Wilson’s influential Fourteen Points a century after they were first offered, with the goal of solving our own century’s most pressing problems.Less
This book is a collection of fourteen solutions for some of the twenty-first century’s greatest challenges. Each of the contributors—selected for their expertise and accomplishments in fields as varied as medicine, finance, international development, and history—employs Woodrow Wilson’s Fourteen Points as inspiration, providing historical background to situate Wilson’s ideas in their full context. First presented in 1918 as World War I raged, the original Fourteen Points offered a thoughtful and synthetic plan for overhauling the international order. Inspired by its magnitude and impact, the contributors use Wilson’s framework to prescribe remedies to the following problems: politics; development; migration; environmentalism, medicine, and health care; statecraft, international cooperation, and military restraint; privacy and technology; and food security. Collectively, the volume reassesses and calls for a renewal of the globalism at the heart of Wilson’s influential Fourteen Points a century after they were first offered, with the goal of solving our own century’s most pressing problems.
Gerard Kreijen, Marcel Brus, Jorris Duursma, Elizabeth De Vos, and John Dugard (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780199245383
- eISBN:
- 9780191697456
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199245383.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
How can the international community respond to states that fail to respect fundamental rules of international law? Does a state that collapses into anarchy lose its sovereignty? Does the increasingly ...
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How can the international community respond to states that fail to respect fundamental rules of international law? Does a state that collapses into anarchy lose its sovereignty? Does the increasingly important role of non-state actors at the international level diminish the role of sovereign states in international law? Is it possible to design more speedy and effective decision-making procedures to deal with global problems? Finding answers to these questions requires a reconsideration of what constitutes the core of present-day international law. State sovereignty has always been regarded as the backbone of international law but is its importance now diminishing? In order to shed some light on these issues, this book reflects on these questions, and in particular on the question of the role of state sovereignty in present-day international law. Although the contributors have chosen quite different approaches to these issues, none of them regards the sovereignty of the state as something of the past. However they do conclude that sovereignty can no longer be defined independently of the basic needs and values of the international community as a whole. A new balance has to be found between the power of the sovereign state and the powers of the international community in creating a stable and just international order.Less
How can the international community respond to states that fail to respect fundamental rules of international law? Does a state that collapses into anarchy lose its sovereignty? Does the increasingly important role of non-state actors at the international level diminish the role of sovereign states in international law? Is it possible to design more speedy and effective decision-making procedures to deal with global problems? Finding answers to these questions requires a reconsideration of what constitutes the core of present-day international law. State sovereignty has always been regarded as the backbone of international law but is its importance now diminishing? In order to shed some light on these issues, this book reflects on these questions, and in particular on the question of the role of state sovereignty in present-day international law. Although the contributors have chosen quite different approaches to these issues, none of them regards the sovereignty of the state as something of the past. However they do conclude that sovereignty can no longer be defined independently of the basic needs and values of the international community as a whole. A new balance has to be found between the power of the sovereign state and the powers of the international community in creating a stable and just international order.
Orrin H. Pilkey, Linda Pilkey-Jarvis, and Keith C. Pilkey
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780231168441
- eISBN:
- 9780231541800
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231168441.003.0009
- Subject:
- Environmental Science, Climate
The climate refugee problem will dwarf the current political refugee problem facing western Europe. Bangladesh with millions of people on the delta will provide the greatest number of refugees that ...
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The climate refugee problem will dwarf the current political refugee problem facing western Europe. Bangladesh with millions of people on the delta will provide the greatest number of refugees that will flee to India or Myanmar. India is building the Great Wall of India in anticipation of this future flow of humanity. Currently, most people leaving the delta are fleeing to Dhaka or to other major cities near deltas. On a local scale all over the world, beachfront dwellers will be moving back, often into already crowded cities.Less
The climate refugee problem will dwarf the current political refugee problem facing western Europe. Bangladesh with millions of people on the delta will provide the greatest number of refugees that will flee to India or Myanmar. India is building the Great Wall of India in anticipation of this future flow of humanity. Currently, most people leaving the delta are fleeing to Dhaka or to other major cities near deltas. On a local scale all over the world, beachfront dwellers will be moving back, often into already crowded cities.
Tony Addison
- Published in print:
- 2018
- Published Online:
- November 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780198817369
- eISBN:
- 9780191858871
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0022
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
Climate change is one of the world’s most complex and urgent global problems—many argue that it is the greatest challenge. Climate change adaptation and mitigation are fundamental to the evolution of ...
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Climate change is one of the world’s most complex and urgent global problems—many argue that it is the greatest challenge. Climate change adaptation and mitigation are fundamental to the evolution of our economies and societies over the rest of the twenty-first century and beyond. The extractive industries are in many ways at the heart of the challenge. The extractives sector must support national and international efforts to respond to climate change, by adjusting exploration and production to shifting patterns of demand for energy and minerals—as policies and new technologies encourage progress along low-carbon pathways. None of this is easy; success is not assured. This is a large topic, and the task of this chapter is to set out some of its main issues as they relate to the extractives sector.Less
Climate change is one of the world’s most complex and urgent global problems—many argue that it is the greatest challenge. Climate change adaptation and mitigation are fundamental to the evolution of our economies and societies over the rest of the twenty-first century and beyond. The extractive industries are in many ways at the heart of the challenge. The extractives sector must support national and international efforts to respond to climate change, by adjusting exploration and production to shifting patterns of demand for energy and minerals—as policies and new technologies encourage progress along low-carbon pathways. None of this is easy; success is not assured. This is a large topic, and the task of this chapter is to set out some of its main issues as they relate to the extractives sector.
Tai-Heng Cheng
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- April 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780195370171
- eISBN:
- 9780190259716
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780195370171.001.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Public International Law
This book addresses the current international law debates and transcends them. Responding to influential statements on international law by such scholars as Goldsmith, Posner, O'Connell, and Guzman, ...
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This book addresses the current international law debates and transcends them. Responding to influential statements on international law by such scholars as Goldsmith, Posner, O'Connell, and Guzman, the book presents a new framework that decision-makers should consider when they confront an international problem that implicates the often-competing policies and interests of their own communities and global order. Instead of advocating for or against international law as legitimate or binding, as many commentators do, the book acknowledges its shortcomings while presenting a practical means of deciding whether compliance in a given circumstance is beneficial, moral, or necessary. In this manner, the book shows how it is possible for decision makers to take international law and its limitations seriously without actually needing to determine whether or not international law is “law.” To demonstrate how this new proposal for approaching international law would work in a real crisis, the book provides numerous case studies from contemporary history that test the theory. Ranging topically from the current global economic crisis to the West's war on Islamist terrorism, these detailed and demonstrative case studies set this book apart from similar works of international legal scholarship. By combining theory with practice, the book provides 'real world' guidance on how to face new global problems.Less
This book addresses the current international law debates and transcends them. Responding to influential statements on international law by such scholars as Goldsmith, Posner, O'Connell, and Guzman, the book presents a new framework that decision-makers should consider when they confront an international problem that implicates the often-competing policies and interests of their own communities and global order. Instead of advocating for or against international law as legitimate or binding, as many commentators do, the book acknowledges its shortcomings while presenting a practical means of deciding whether compliance in a given circumstance is beneficial, moral, or necessary. In this manner, the book shows how it is possible for decision makers to take international law and its limitations seriously without actually needing to determine whether or not international law is “law.” To demonstrate how this new proposal for approaching international law would work in a real crisis, the book provides numerous case studies from contemporary history that test the theory. Ranging topically from the current global economic crisis to the West's war on Islamist terrorism, these detailed and demonstrative case studies set this book apart from similar works of international legal scholarship. By combining theory with practice, the book provides 'real world' guidance on how to face new global problems.
Sarah Ayres (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- January 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781447319467
- eISBN:
- 9781447319474
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447319467.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Public Policy
In recent years the nature of policy and politics has witnessed significant transformations. These have challenged perceptions about the ways in which policy is studied, designed, delivered and ...
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In recent years the nature of policy and politics has witnessed significant transformations. These have challenged perceptions about the ways in which policy is studied, designed, delivered and appraised. This book -the first in the New Perspectives in Policy and Politics series – brings together world-leading scholars to reflect on the implications of some of these developments for the field of policy studies and the world of practice. First published as a special issue of Policy & Politics, the book offers critical reflections on the recent history and future direction of policy studies. It advances the debate by rethinking the ways in which scholars and students of policy studies can (re)engage with pertinent issues in pursuit of both scholarly excellence and practical solutions to global policy problems.Less
In recent years the nature of policy and politics has witnessed significant transformations. These have challenged perceptions about the ways in which policy is studied, designed, delivered and appraised. This book -the first in the New Perspectives in Policy and Politics series – brings together world-leading scholars to reflect on the implications of some of these developments for the field of policy studies and the world of practice. First published as a special issue of Policy & Politics, the book offers critical reflections on the recent history and future direction of policy studies. It advances the debate by rethinking the ways in which scholars and students of policy studies can (re)engage with pertinent issues in pursuit of both scholarly excellence and practical solutions to global policy problems.
Susan Mendus
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- June 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199688623
- eISBN:
- 9780191768101
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199688623.003.0037
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration, Philosophy of Law
This chapter presents a response to the previous chapter’s account of the human rights. Chapter 35 raised concerns about whether human rights can adequately respond to our most serious global ...
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This chapter presents a response to the previous chapter’s account of the human rights. Chapter 35 raised concerns about whether human rights can adequately respond to our most serious global problems and suggested that an adequate response to those problems may be found in the appeal to care. This chapter presents the reasons for and extent of its support for Chapter 35’s concerns about rights, and then offers some reasons for thinking that those concerns need not (and should not) lead us to place undue emphasis on the concept of care. In short, it argues that the concept of care is of very limited use in dealing with the most significant and pressing problems of the modern world.Less
This chapter presents a response to the previous chapter’s account of the human rights. Chapter 35 raised concerns about whether human rights can adequately respond to our most serious global problems and suggested that an adequate response to those problems may be found in the appeal to care. This chapter presents the reasons for and extent of its support for Chapter 35’s concerns about rights, and then offers some reasons for thinking that those concerns need not (and should not) lead us to place undue emphasis on the concept of care. In short, it argues that the concept of care is of very limited use in dealing with the most significant and pressing problems of the modern world.
