Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0007
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This concluding chapter reflects on the evolving pathways of economic development in East Asia by revisiting the politics of industrial policy and the changing role of the state. It argues for a new ...
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This concluding chapter reflects on the evolving pathways of economic development in East Asia by revisiting the politics of industrial policy and the changing role of the state. It argues for a new global political economy of development that takes into account both the state and nonstate institutions in the challenging context of global capitalism by proposing a mechanism theory of strategic coupling in order to consolidate the key findings identified in the book. The study allows for a clearer appreciation of the book's potential contribution as a theoretically grounded empirical analysis of the new development opportunities emerging from national-global articulations in different industries. The approach here also situates the rapid growth and transformation of South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore in the wider literature on the changing configuration of the international political economy.Less
This concluding chapter reflects on the evolving pathways of economic development in East Asia by revisiting the politics of industrial policy and the changing role of the state. It argues for a new global political economy of development that takes into account both the state and nonstate institutions in the challenging context of global capitalism by proposing a mechanism theory of strategic coupling in order to consolidate the key findings identified in the book. The study allows for a clearer appreciation of the book's potential contribution as a theoretically grounded empirical analysis of the new development opportunities emerging from national-global articulations in different industries. The approach here also situates the rapid growth and transformation of South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore in the wider literature on the changing configuration of the international political economy.
Edward D. Mansfield and Helen V. Milner
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691135298
- eISBN:
- 9781400842537
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691135298.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) play an increasingly prominent role in the global political economy, two notable examples being the European Union and the North American Free Trade ...
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Preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) play an increasingly prominent role in the global political economy, two notable examples being the European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement. These agreements foster economic integration among member states by enhancing their access to one another's markets. Yet despite the importance of PTAs to international trade and world politics, until now little attention has been focused on why governments choose to join them and how governments design them. This book offers valuable new insights into the political economy of PTA formation. Many economists have argued that the roots of these agreements lie in the promise they hold for improving the welfare of member states. Others have posited that trade agreements are a response to global political conditions. This book argues that domestic politics provide a crucial impetus to the decision by governments to enter trade pacts. Drawing on this argument, the book explains why democracies are more likely to enter PTAs than nondemocratic regimes, and why as the number of veto players—interest groups with the power to block policy change—increases in a prospective member state, the likelihood of the state entering a trade agreement is reduced. The book provides a novel view of the political foundations of trade agreements.Less
Preferential trading arrangements (PTAs) play an increasingly prominent role in the global political economy, two notable examples being the European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement. These agreements foster economic integration among member states by enhancing their access to one another's markets. Yet despite the importance of PTAs to international trade and world politics, until now little attention has been focused on why governments choose to join them and how governments design them. This book offers valuable new insights into the political economy of PTA formation. Many economists have argued that the roots of these agreements lie in the promise they hold for improving the welfare of member states. Others have posited that trade agreements are a response to global political conditions. This book argues that domestic politics provide a crucial impetus to the decision by governments to enter trade pacts. Drawing on this argument, the book explains why democracies are more likely to enter PTAs than nondemocratic regimes, and why as the number of veto players—interest groups with the power to block policy change—increases in a prospective member state, the likelihood of the state entering a trade agreement is reduced. The book provides a novel view of the political foundations of trade agreements.
Angela B. V. McCracken
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199908066
- eISBN:
- 9780199381517
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199908066.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
This chapter outlines a framework for exploring the global political economy of beauty through gender lenses. Outlining four main analytical entry points—the quince años, or “sweet fifteen” ...
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This chapter outlines a framework for exploring the global political economy of beauty through gender lenses. Outlining four main analytical entry points—the quince años, or “sweet fifteen” celebration for female adolescents (quinceañeras); youth beautification practices; feminist global political economy; and ethnographic inquiry—this chapter establishes the empirical and theoretical tools used throughout the book to understand the global political economy of beauty and how it is shaped by and shapes beautification on the ground. This chapter also provides an introduction to the major sociohistorical events influencing the economic, political, and cultural environment in Guadalajara, Mexico, and the demographics of the participants in the ethnographic inquiry.Less
This chapter outlines a framework for exploring the global political economy of beauty through gender lenses. Outlining four main analytical entry points—the quince años, or “sweet fifteen” celebration for female adolescents (quinceañeras); youth beautification practices; feminist global political economy; and ethnographic inquiry—this chapter establishes the empirical and theoretical tools used throughout the book to understand the global political economy of beauty and how it is shaped by and shapes beautification on the ground. This chapter also provides an introduction to the major sociohistorical events influencing the economic, political, and cultural environment in Guadalajara, Mexico, and the demographics of the participants in the ethnographic inquiry.
Peter Evans
- Published in print:
- 2002
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780520230248
- eISBN:
- 9780520935976
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of California Press
- DOI:
- 10.1525/california/9780520230248.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Urban and Rural Studies
The politics of livelihood and sustainability in Third World cities has become the archetypal challenge of twenty-first-century governance. Facing this challenge requires a clear set of ideas ...
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The politics of livelihood and sustainability in Third World cities has become the archetypal challenge of twenty-first-century governance. Facing this challenge requires a clear set of ideas regarding the actors that shape cities, their interests, and their ability to realize those interests. Confronting urban livability requires broaching fundamental debates on the dynamics of the contemporary global political economy. The fact remains that markets and the corporations which dominate them must play a fundamental role in urban solutions. The possibility of “green growth machines” or even “urban livability machines” cannot be ruled out, even in the Third World. An overview of the chapters included in this book is presented. These chapters point toward the possibility of constructing a general framework for understanding a politics of livelihood and sustainability that works both in Asia and in Latin America and even makes sense in an industrialized but transitional society such as Hungary.Less
The politics of livelihood and sustainability in Third World cities has become the archetypal challenge of twenty-first-century governance. Facing this challenge requires a clear set of ideas regarding the actors that shape cities, their interests, and their ability to realize those interests. Confronting urban livability requires broaching fundamental debates on the dynamics of the contemporary global political economy. The fact remains that markets and the corporations which dominate them must play a fundamental role in urban solutions. The possibility of “green growth machines” or even “urban livability machines” cannot be ruled out, even in the Third World. An overview of the chapters included in this book is presented. These chapters point toward the possibility of constructing a general framework for understanding a politics of livelihood and sustainability that works both in Asia and in Latin America and even makes sense in an industrialized but transitional society such as Hungary.
Ibrahim Warde
- Published in print:
- 2000
- Published Online:
- March 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780748612161
- eISBN:
- 9780748653072
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9780748612161.003.0006
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Middle Eastern Studies
In the three eras identified in the previous chapters, the evolution of Islamic finance was paradoxical. The creation of the first Islamic banks could be seen, especially in the context of oil crisis ...
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In the three eras identified in the previous chapters, the evolution of Islamic finance was paradoxical. The creation of the first Islamic banks could be seen, especially in the context of oil crisis and the calls for a New International Economic Order, as a challenge to the existing political-economic order. In reality, the first Islamic banks were firmly rooted within the existing Western financial system. By the same token, the age of globalisation allowed a financial system rooted in the Middle Ages to survive and to thrive. What is more striking is that even amid the Islamaphobia spurred by the September 11 events and the ‘Global War on Terror’, Islamic finance experienced its most dramatic growth in the first years of the twenty-first century. These paradoxes can be understood only in connection with the evolution of the global political economy during those three periods. The first section of this chapter discusses the political and economic context of the birth of modern Islamic finance, as well as the emergence of pan-Islamism, petrodollar windfall and relations with the West. The second section discusses Islamic finance and the global economy, as well as the transformation of banking and the rise of Islamism.Less
In the three eras identified in the previous chapters, the evolution of Islamic finance was paradoxical. The creation of the first Islamic banks could be seen, especially in the context of oil crisis and the calls for a New International Economic Order, as a challenge to the existing political-economic order. In reality, the first Islamic banks were firmly rooted within the existing Western financial system. By the same token, the age of globalisation allowed a financial system rooted in the Middle Ages to survive and to thrive. What is more striking is that even amid the Islamaphobia spurred by the September 11 events and the ‘Global War on Terror’, Islamic finance experienced its most dramatic growth in the first years of the twenty-first century. These paradoxes can be understood only in connection with the evolution of the global political economy during those three periods. The first section of this chapter discusses the political and economic context of the birth of modern Islamic finance, as well as the emergence of pan-Islamism, petrodollar windfall and relations with the West. The second section discusses Islamic finance and the global economy, as well as the transformation of banking and the rise of Islamism.
Angela B. V. McCracken
- Published in print:
- 2014
- Published Online:
- April 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780199908066
- eISBN:
- 9780199381517
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199908066.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
This chapter argues that the production of feminine beauty is both shaping and being shaped by the global political economy of beauty. Through the lenses of the quinceañera ball gown, dance ...
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This chapter argues that the production of feminine beauty is both shaping and being shaped by the global political economy of beauty. Through the lenses of the quinceañera ball gown, dance performance, and cosmetics, this chapter explores how specific beautification processes are tied to global economies. The chapter employs Peterson’s reproductive, productive, and virtual (RPV) framing of global political economy to demonstrate the diversity of dimensions to the quince beautification economy. The chapter finds that increasing individualization and commercialization of the tradition enables and encourages diverse approaches to the celebration of the fifteen-year milestone. And yet the channels of production and reproduction in the celebration continue to reinforce religious- and patriarchal family-based norms of hierarchy. The beautification of the quinceañera also sheds light on the gendered processes of globalization. The globalization of the beautifying industries is successful in large part due to gendered production, reproduction, and consumption.Less
This chapter argues that the production of feminine beauty is both shaping and being shaped by the global political economy of beauty. Through the lenses of the quinceañera ball gown, dance performance, and cosmetics, this chapter explores how specific beautification processes are tied to global economies. The chapter employs Peterson’s reproductive, productive, and virtual (RPV) framing of global political economy to demonstrate the diversity of dimensions to the quince beautification economy. The chapter finds that increasing individualization and commercialization of the tradition enables and encourages diverse approaches to the celebration of the fifteen-year milestone. And yet the channels of production and reproduction in the celebration continue to reinforce religious- and patriarchal family-based norms of hierarchy. The beautification of the quinceañera also sheds light on the gendered processes of globalization. The globalization of the beautifying industries is successful in large part due to gendered production, reproduction, and consumption.
Gerard Strange and Owen Worth (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780719085734
- eISBN:
- 9781781704615
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719085734.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, European Union
Written against a background of global economic and political turmoil, including crisis and uncertainty surrounding the European Union, European Regionalism and the Left offers new critical insights ...
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Written against a background of global economic and political turmoil, including crisis and uncertainty surrounding the European Union, European Regionalism and the Left offers new critical insights into a range of fundamental problems facing the project of European integration. Issues covered include: the limits and possibilities of European Monetary Union; the impact of European regionalism on the political organisations of the European left; European regionalism and the crisis of social democracy; Russia and the limits to EU regionalism; and the contradictions of Eurocentric politics in an age of globalisation. The book brings together contributions from international scholars drawing on a rich diversity of critical approaches to international political economy, European integration studies, European politics and social theory. Unlike many earlier critical studies of this subject, European Regionalism and the Left consciously eschews any specific radical theoretical narrative or research programme in favour of an open-ended critical engagement with the political economy of contemporary Europe. As such it attempts to open up left analyses of Europe to broader traditions of critical inquiry.Less
Written against a background of global economic and political turmoil, including crisis and uncertainty surrounding the European Union, European Regionalism and the Left offers new critical insights into a range of fundamental problems facing the project of European integration. Issues covered include: the limits and possibilities of European Monetary Union; the impact of European regionalism on the political organisations of the European left; European regionalism and the crisis of social democracy; Russia and the limits to EU regionalism; and the contradictions of Eurocentric politics in an age of globalisation. The book brings together contributions from international scholars drawing on a rich diversity of critical approaches to international political economy, European integration studies, European politics and social theory. Unlike many earlier critical studies of this subject, European Regionalism and the Left consciously eschews any specific radical theoretical narrative or research programme in favour of an open-ended critical engagement with the political economy of contemporary Europe. As such it attempts to open up left analyses of Europe to broader traditions of critical inquiry.
Florian Wettstein
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804762403
- eISBN:
- 9780804772600
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804762403.001.0001
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Organization Studies
This book addresses the changing role and responsibilities of large multinational corporations (MNCs) in the global political economy. This cross- and inter-disciplinary work makes innovative ...
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This book addresses the changing role and responsibilities of large multinational corporations (MNCs) in the global political economy. This cross- and inter-disciplinary work makes innovative connections between current debates and streams of thought, bringing together global justice, human rights, and corporate responsibility. Conceiving of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from this unique perspective, the author takes readers well beyond the limitations of conventional notions, which tend to focus on either beneficence or pure charity. While the call for MNCs' involvement in the solution of global problems has become stronger in recent times, few specifics have been laid down regarding how to hold those institutions accountable in the global arena. This text attempts to work out the normative basis underlying the responsibilities of MNCs—thereby filling a crucial void in the literature and marking a milestone in the CSR debate.Less
This book addresses the changing role and responsibilities of large multinational corporations (MNCs) in the global political economy. This cross- and inter-disciplinary work makes innovative connections between current debates and streams of thought, bringing together global justice, human rights, and corporate responsibility. Conceiving of corporate social responsibility (CSR) from this unique perspective, the author takes readers well beyond the limitations of conventional notions, which tend to focus on either beneficence or pure charity. While the call for MNCs' involvement in the solution of global problems has become stronger in recent times, few specifics have been laid down regarding how to hold those institutions accountable in the global arena. This text attempts to work out the normative basis underlying the responsibilities of MNCs—thereby filling a crucial void in the literature and marking a milestone in the CSR debate.
Amy A. Quark
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780226050539
- eISBN:
- 9780226050706
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226050706.003.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, International
This chapter introduces the key axes of contestation over the rules of the game in the cotton trade and outlines a theoretical framework to understand them. A new approach to governance in the global ...
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This chapter introduces the key axes of contestation over the rules of the game in the cotton trade and outlines a theoretical framework to understand them. A new approach to governance in the global economy is proposed: a theory of institutional change within the global capitalist system. This framework builds on recent variants of institutionalism by Djelic, Quack, Carruthers, Halliday, Mahoney, Thelen, Streeck, and others that focus on incremental yet transformational institutional change but demonstrates the limits of these accounts in their treatment of power and conflict. Drawing on the institutional political economic approaches of Polanyi, Wallerstein, Arrighi, and others, the chapter argues that institutional change must be understood in relation to historically specific institutional and systemic power relations. As coalitions of powerful firms and states create institutions to expand the scale and scope of the global economy, they unleash new competitive dynamics that both give rise to new rivals that seek to wrest control of these institutions and generate marginalized actors that seek to challenge their destructive effects. Rivals, marginalized actors, and dominant actors develop distinct strategies to reconstitute existing institutions given their particular positions within broader patterns of capital accumulation. This conflict-driven process generates incremental change and hybrid institutions.Less
This chapter introduces the key axes of contestation over the rules of the game in the cotton trade and outlines a theoretical framework to understand them. A new approach to governance in the global economy is proposed: a theory of institutional change within the global capitalist system. This framework builds on recent variants of institutionalism by Djelic, Quack, Carruthers, Halliday, Mahoney, Thelen, Streeck, and others that focus on incremental yet transformational institutional change but demonstrates the limits of these accounts in their treatment of power and conflict. Drawing on the institutional political economic approaches of Polanyi, Wallerstein, Arrighi, and others, the chapter argues that institutional change must be understood in relation to historically specific institutional and systemic power relations. As coalitions of powerful firms and states create institutions to expand the scale and scope of the global economy, they unleash new competitive dynamics that both give rise to new rivals that seek to wrest control of these institutions and generate marginalized actors that seek to challenge their destructive effects. Rivals, marginalized actors, and dominant actors develop distinct strategies to reconstitute existing institutions given their particular positions within broader patterns of capital accumulation. This conflict-driven process generates incremental change and hybrid institutions.
Jamie K. McCallum
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801451935
- eISBN:
- 9780801469480
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801451935.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This concluding chapter argues that transformations in the global political economy have shifted the bases of worker power. Unions are increasingly turning toward strategies that seek to alter the ...
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This concluding chapter argues that transformations in the global political economy have shifted the bases of worker power. Unions are increasingly turning toward strategies that seek to alter the “rules of engagement” between capital and labor even before worker organizing begins. These different strategies are expressed as campaigns to win global framework agreements. The chapter also claims that reciprocity between the global and local spheres of action is a necessary condition for building global unionism. The case studies in the book show the intricate ways in which local struggles were woven into the global effort. For instance, the effort in the United States for global union was expanded with the support of unions in the Global South.Less
This concluding chapter argues that transformations in the global political economy have shifted the bases of worker power. Unions are increasingly turning toward strategies that seek to alter the “rules of engagement” between capital and labor even before worker organizing begins. These different strategies are expressed as campaigns to win global framework agreements. The chapter also claims that reciprocity between the global and local spheres of action is a necessary condition for building global unionism. The case studies in the book show the intricate ways in which local struggles were woven into the global effort. For instance, the effort in the United States for global union was expanded with the support of unions in the Global South.
Daniel W. Drezner and Mimi Lu
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262162500
- eISBN:
- 9780262259132
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262162500.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Political Theory
This chapter focuses on the universality of club standards, first by examining if voluntary clubs are truly a global phenomenon, or if Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) ...
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This chapter focuses on the universality of club standards, first by examining if voluntary clubs are truly a global phenomenon, or if Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) multinational firms have created a misconception among scholars of the global political economy. It provides a “tough test” of how powerful voluntary clubs are through examining the participation and compliance of firms located in Pacific Rim developing countries in relation to those in the United Nations Global Compact, the Free Burma campaign, and the ISO 14001 regime. The test reveals the similarities and differences of the Pacific Rim, and concludes that there is a suggestion that there is value in the club model for voluntary programs, and that firms are more adherent to “strong sword” programs, but that further research is necessary to come to a clear verdict.Less
This chapter focuses on the universality of club standards, first by examining if voluntary clubs are truly a global phenomenon, or if Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) multinational firms have created a misconception among scholars of the global political economy. It provides a “tough test” of how powerful voluntary clubs are through examining the participation and compliance of firms located in Pacific Rim developing countries in relation to those in the United Nations Global Compact, the Free Burma campaign, and the ISO 14001 regime. The test reveals the similarities and differences of the Pacific Rim, and concludes that there is a suggestion that there is value in the club model for voluntary programs, and that firms are more adherent to “strong sword” programs, but that further research is necessary to come to a clear verdict.
Chikako Takeshita
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- August 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780262016582
- eISBN:
- 9780262298452
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262016582.003.0010
- Subject:
- Biology, Bioethics
This book explores how developers of modern intrauterine devices (IUDs) have adapted to different social interests. It details how they understood the political stakes of women’s bodies. It argues ...
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This book explores how developers of modern intrauterine devices (IUDs) have adapted to different social interests. It details how they understood the political stakes of women’s bodies. It argues that scientific work organizes itself in response to the socially and geographically diverse demands around fertility control and acts on women’s bodies through its discourse. It shows an example of the global political economy of women’s bodies in the history of this contraceptive device. It believes that women’s social empowerment is a prerequisite to reproductive self-determination and well-being. This book describes how different modes of governance over women’s bodies are linked to one another. An overview of the chapters included in this book is finally given.Less
This book explores how developers of modern intrauterine devices (IUDs) have adapted to different social interests. It details how they understood the political stakes of women’s bodies. It argues that scientific work organizes itself in response to the socially and geographically diverse demands around fertility control and acts on women’s bodies through its discourse. It shows an example of the global political economy of women’s bodies in the history of this contraceptive device. It believes that women’s social empowerment is a prerequisite to reproductive self-determination and well-being. This book describes how different modes of governance over women’s bodies are linked to one another. An overview of the chapters included in this book is finally given.
Peter Dauvergne
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- May 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780262034951
- eISBN:
- 9780262336222
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- The MIT Press
- DOI:
- 10.7551/mitpress/9780262034951.001.0001
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This book analyzes the power of environmentalism to advance global sustainability. On some measures progress would seem strong. Wildlife sanctuaries are multiplying. Eco-certification is ...
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This book analyzes the power of environmentalism to advance global sustainability. On some measures progress would seem strong. Wildlife sanctuaries are multiplying. Eco-certification is strengthening. Energy efficiency is rising. And recycling is increasing by the day. Yet the earth continues to spiral into a worsening sustainability crisis. Why? Is the world community perhaps on the verge of turning the tables on this crisis? Partly, a global political economy of ever more – of more growth, sales, and consumption – is swamping environmental gains. At the same time powerful political and corporate forces are dividing, suppressing, and capturing environmentalism. Environmentalists have much to be proud of, and many caring people have sacrificed their lives to defend nature. As this book reveals, however, the comforts and concerns of those with money, status, and power are increasingly coming to dominate the demands and outcomes of environmentalism. Manifestations of “environmentalism of the rich” – such as sustainable development policies, corporate responsibility initiatives, nongovernmental partnerships with business, and eco-consumerism – are doing some good. But as this book shows environmentalism of the rich is not aggregating into global progress, doing little to alter the violent, inequitable, and unjust sources of wealth, and failing completely to curb the accelerating globalization of unsustainability. Progress will require the environmental movement to confront these failures head on, especially the consequences of rising rates of unequal and unsustainable consumption.Less
This book analyzes the power of environmentalism to advance global sustainability. On some measures progress would seem strong. Wildlife sanctuaries are multiplying. Eco-certification is strengthening. Energy efficiency is rising. And recycling is increasing by the day. Yet the earth continues to spiral into a worsening sustainability crisis. Why? Is the world community perhaps on the verge of turning the tables on this crisis? Partly, a global political economy of ever more – of more growth, sales, and consumption – is swamping environmental gains. At the same time powerful political and corporate forces are dividing, suppressing, and capturing environmentalism. Environmentalists have much to be proud of, and many caring people have sacrificed their lives to defend nature. As this book reveals, however, the comforts and concerns of those with money, status, and power are increasingly coming to dominate the demands and outcomes of environmentalism. Manifestations of “environmentalism of the rich” – such as sustainable development policies, corporate responsibility initiatives, nongovernmental partnerships with business, and eco-consumerism – are doing some good. But as this book shows environmentalism of the rich is not aggregating into global progress, doing little to alter the violent, inequitable, and unjust sources of wealth, and failing completely to curb the accelerating globalization of unsustainability. Progress will require the environmental movement to confront these failures head on, especially the consequences of rising rates of unequal and unsustainable consumption.
Saskia Stachowitsch
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- March 2015
- ISBN:
- 9780199364374
- eISBN:
- 9780199364404
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199364374.003.0002
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
This chapter aims to advance feminist theorizing of military privatization by integrating a state-theoretical perspective with a feminist international relations (IR), including feminist global ...
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This chapter aims to advance feminist theorizing of military privatization by integrating a state-theoretical perspective with a feminist international relations (IR), including feminist global political economy (GPE), approach. Such an integrated perspective grasps the hybrid character of military privatization as both an aspect of gendered state transformations and of the gendered dynamics of global markets. For this purpose, the chapter widens the focus beyond the private military and security industry, its gendered practices, discourses, and effects and links scholarship on private security to transformations in global and local gender relations under neoliberalism. Additionally, it seeks to overcome the “decline of the state hypothesis” that dominates mainstream discourses on privatization of security and suggests that the allegedly more women-friendly state is eroding at the expense of a masculinized global market for force.Less
This chapter aims to advance feminist theorizing of military privatization by integrating a state-theoretical perspective with a feminist international relations (IR), including feminist global political economy (GPE), approach. Such an integrated perspective grasps the hybrid character of military privatization as both an aspect of gendered state transformations and of the gendered dynamics of global markets. For this purpose, the chapter widens the focus beyond the private military and security industry, its gendered practices, discourses, and effects and links scholarship on private security to transformations in global and local gender relations under neoliberalism. Additionally, it seeks to overcome the “decline of the state hypothesis” that dominates mainstream discourses on privatization of security and suggests that the allegedly more women-friendly state is eroding at the expense of a masculinized global market for force.
Amanda Slevin
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9781784992743
- eISBN:
- 9781526115355
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9781784992743.003.0003
- Subject:
- Sociology, Economic Sociology
While Ireland in the mid 1950s was viewed by some indigenous geologists as a country with limited hydrocarbons, the visit of an Irish-American lawyer sparked hopes for potential oil and gas ...
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While Ireland in the mid 1950s was viewed by some indigenous geologists as a country with limited hydrocarbons, the visit of an Irish-American lawyer sparked hopes for potential oil and gas exploitation. This chapter documents the design of legal and policy frameworks to facilitate hydrocarbon exploration and production, highlighting how the Irish state implemented a licensing system (1959 Oil Agreement) which entailed the transfer of rights for all Ireland's onshore and offshore territory to one oil company, enabling the privatisation of produced resources in exchange for some fiscal returns. Providing an historical account of the early days of the Irish petroleum industry, this chapter makes a new contribution to knowledge on Irish state hydrocarbon management, contextualised with reference to occurrences in Irish political economy. Conditions internationally also impacted on Ireland and global trends in resource nationalisation in tandem with the discovery of Kinsale gas culminated in the 1975 licensing terms (Justin Keating's terms) which signified a fresh perspective on hydrocarbon management. Due to national and international forces, this ‘golden era’ would not last, as discussed in the next chapter.Less
While Ireland in the mid 1950s was viewed by some indigenous geologists as a country with limited hydrocarbons, the visit of an Irish-American lawyer sparked hopes for potential oil and gas exploitation. This chapter documents the design of legal and policy frameworks to facilitate hydrocarbon exploration and production, highlighting how the Irish state implemented a licensing system (1959 Oil Agreement) which entailed the transfer of rights for all Ireland's onshore and offshore territory to one oil company, enabling the privatisation of produced resources in exchange for some fiscal returns. Providing an historical account of the early days of the Irish petroleum industry, this chapter makes a new contribution to knowledge on Irish state hydrocarbon management, contextualised with reference to occurrences in Irish political economy. Conditions internationally also impacted on Ireland and global trends in resource nationalisation in tandem with the discovery of Kinsale gas culminated in the 1975 licensing terms (Justin Keating's terms) which signified a fresh perspective on hydrocarbon management. Due to national and international forces, this ‘golden era’ would not last, as discussed in the next chapter.
Catherine A. Corson
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780300212273
- eISBN:
- 9780300225068
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300212273.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, African History
This chapter reiterates the points made in the previous chapter regarding the environmental dynamics in Madagascar, offering recommendations that take into account the global political economy as ...
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This chapter reiterates the points made in the previous chapter regarding the environmental dynamics in Madagascar, offering recommendations that take into account the global political economy as well as the domestic politics of donor countries. It emphasizes that struggles over land and resources are intertwined with both, and considers the shifting relations of environmental governance under neoliberalism. From here, the chapter shifts the discussion into the possibility of a transformation in who travels through the corridors of power. It argues that policy is made not only through formal political agreements but also through informal interactions—hence it can be changed through multiple avenues.Less
This chapter reiterates the points made in the previous chapter regarding the environmental dynamics in Madagascar, offering recommendations that take into account the global political economy as well as the domestic politics of donor countries. It emphasizes that struggles over land and resources are intertwined with both, and considers the shifting relations of environmental governance under neoliberalism. From here, the chapter shifts the discussion into the possibility of a transformation in who travels through the corridors of power. It argues that policy is made not only through formal political agreements but also through informal interactions—hence it can be changed through multiple avenues.
Marieke de Goede
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- April 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780190204235
- eISBN:
- 9780190204266
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190204235.003.0015
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics, Political Economy
The Afterword analyzes novel ways in which gender and finance were interwoven in political practices of representing the global financial crisis (GFC) and in the search for new stabilities. In her ...
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The Afterword analyzes novel ways in which gender and finance were interwoven in political practices of representing the global financial crisis (GFC) and in the search for new stabilities. In her analysis of sexualized imaginations of the GFC, de Goede turns to popular films—The Wolf of Wall Street and The Inside Job—and combines them with the focus on obscure financial instrument such as ABACUS. She finds, along with many other authors in this volume, that in the aftermath of the GFC, gender is back—and with a vengeance. But de Goede also warns against easy refoundations of gender and values that scandals might have encouraged: instead, staying attuned to the complex politics of responsibility and to the critical voices both within and outside the financial industry she creates a way of seeing beyond the impoverished field of policy options and of thinking ethically about the global political economy.Less
The Afterword analyzes novel ways in which gender and finance were interwoven in political practices of representing the global financial crisis (GFC) and in the search for new stabilities. In her analysis of sexualized imaginations of the GFC, de Goede turns to popular films—The Wolf of Wall Street and The Inside Job—and combines them with the focus on obscure financial instrument such as ABACUS. She finds, along with many other authors in this volume, that in the aftermath of the GFC, gender is back—and with a vengeance. But de Goede also warns against easy refoundations of gender and values that scandals might have encouraged: instead, staying attuned to the complex politics of responsibility and to the critical voices both within and outside the financial industry she creates a way of seeing beyond the impoverished field of policy options and of thinking ethically about the global political economy.
Khadija Haq (ed.)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- January 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780199474684
- eISBN:
- 9780199089833
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780199474684.003.0017
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Public and Welfare, Development, Growth, and Environmental
In the chapter, Haq traces the evolution of the World Bank through the decade of the seventies. Since the time the Bank was established, the global political economy structure underwent considerable ...
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In the chapter, Haq traces the evolution of the World Bank through the decade of the seventies. Since the time the Bank was established, the global political economy structure underwent considerable changes. The World Bank in the 1970s, under the dynamic leadership of Robert Mcnamara, tried to adjust to these changes. The World Bank of the 1980s faced problems of a weak resource base, poor intermediary role and a greater pressure for the Bank to bend its development philosophy towards the private sector. Haq proposes a few structural changes in the Bank that would enable it to overcome these problems.Less
In the chapter, Haq traces the evolution of the World Bank through the decade of the seventies. Since the time the Bank was established, the global political economy structure underwent considerable changes. The World Bank in the 1970s, under the dynamic leadership of Robert Mcnamara, tried to adjust to these changes. The World Bank of the 1980s faced problems of a weak resource base, poor intermediary role and a greater pressure for the Bank to bend its development philosophy towards the private sector. Haq proposes a few structural changes in the Bank that would enable it to overcome these problems.
