Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0006
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter explores the emergence of East Asian lead firms in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore and discusses how this repositioning as global lead firms represents the arrival of national ...
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This chapter explores the emergence of East Asian lead firms in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore and discusses how this repositioning as global lead firms represents the arrival of national champions as global leaders in their respective industries and the ultimate success of economic development. Through this distinct coupling process, top East Asian firms, such as Taiwan's Acer; South Korea's Samsung, LG, and Hyundai; and Singapore's Singapore Airlines no longer serve as partners or specialists in global production networks (GPN) controlled by other global lead firms. Instead, they have emerged as lead firms spearheading their own global production networks with not only strong technological and managerial competencies but also deep market knowledge and sustained investment.Less
This chapter explores the emergence of East Asian lead firms in South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore and discusses how this repositioning as global lead firms represents the arrival of national champions as global leaders in their respective industries and the ultimate success of economic development. Through this distinct coupling process, top East Asian firms, such as Taiwan's Acer; South Korea's Samsung, LG, and Hyundai; and Singapore's Singapore Airlines no longer serve as partners or specialists in global production networks (GPN) controlled by other global lead firms. Instead, they have emerged as lead firms spearheading their own global production networks with not only strong technological and managerial competencies but also deep market knowledge and sustained investment.
Henry Wai-chung Yeung
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9781501702556
- eISBN:
- 9781501704277
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9781501702556.003.0004
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
This chapter explores how, through strategic partnership with global lead firms, domestic firms from South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore can provide cutting-edge design and manufacturing services in ...
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This chapter explores how, through strategic partnership with global lead firms, domestic firms from South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore can provide cutting-edge design and manufacturing services in the global personal computers and consumer electronics industry. During the 1960s and the 1970s, this industry received significant attention in the developmental state's core program of export promotion. But its transformation from a subservient role of subcontracting to a more technologically capable role of providing original design and manufacturing services took place only in the 1990s and beyond, when these domestic firms became more articulated into diverse production networks coordinated by global lead firms. While this was facilitated by the state's new role in upgrading labor, technology, and infrastructure in the domestic economy, the chapter notes how this was also done through the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as a new organizational structure for global competition.Less
This chapter explores how, through strategic partnership with global lead firms, domestic firms from South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore can provide cutting-edge design and manufacturing services in the global personal computers and consumer electronics industry. During the 1960s and the 1970s, this industry received significant attention in the developmental state's core program of export promotion. But its transformation from a subservient role of subcontracting to a more technologically capable role of providing original design and manufacturing services took place only in the 1990s and beyond, when these domestic firms became more articulated into diverse production networks coordinated by global lead firms. While this was facilitated by the state's new role in upgrading labor, technology, and infrastructure in the domestic economy, the chapter notes how this was also done through the emergence of global production networks (GPN) as a new organizational structure for global competition.
Parimal Patel and Keith Pavitt
- Published in print:
- 1998
- Published Online:
- November 2003
- ISBN:
- 9780198290964
- eISBN:
- 9780191596162
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0198290969.003.0009
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Microeconomics
Evidence is presented for the advanced OECD countries of uneven and divergent patterns of technological accumulation and the persistence of technology gaps. It is shown that ‘global’ firms will not ...
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Evidence is presented for the advanced OECD countries of uneven and divergent patterns of technological accumulation and the persistence of technology gaps. It is shown that ‘global’ firms will not smooth out the differences, since their technological activities are strongly influenced by conditions in their own countries. Possible causes of uneven development are discussed, and it is suggested that – in addition to diversity in cumulative technological trajectories – the divergent patterns reflect international differences in the capacities of management, financial, and training institutions properly to evaluate – and exploit – the learning benefits of technological investments. For these reasons, it is concluded that technological gaps among the advanced OECD countries are here to stay.Less
Evidence is presented for the advanced OECD countries of uneven and divergent patterns of technological accumulation and the persistence of technology gaps. It is shown that ‘global’ firms will not smooth out the differences, since their technological activities are strongly influenced by conditions in their own countries. Possible causes of uneven development are discussed, and it is suggested that – in addition to diversity in cumulative technological trajectories – the divergent patterns reflect international differences in the capacities of management, financial, and training institutions properly to evaluate – and exploit – the learning benefits of technological investments. For these reasons, it is concluded that technological gaps among the advanced OECD countries are here to stay.
Alan M. Rugman and Jonathan P. Doh
- Published in print:
- 2008
- Published Online:
- October 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780300115611
- eISBN:
- 9780300150506
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Yale University Press
- DOI:
- 10.12987/yale/9780300115611.003.0008
- Subject:
- Economics and Finance, Development, Growth, and Environmental
This chapter examines the role of indigenous MNEs in promoting economic development. It focuses on MNEs from Asia. In addition to the Chinese and Korean MNEs, the chapter analyzes the regional ...
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This chapter examines the role of indigenous MNEs in promoting economic development. It focuses on MNEs from Asia. In addition to the Chinese and Korean MNEs, the chapter analyzes the regional activities of all MNEs in Asia. Certain MNEs are discussed in detail to explain their business strategies and impact on development. The twist here is that most Asian MNEs are from Japan. The chapter finds that, on average, over 80 percent of the sales and production of Japanese MNEs is in Asia. Thus, Japanese MNEs are major vehicles for economic development in Asia and are not global firms but regional firms. The chapter relates these findings to the FSA-CSA framework, details several case studies of successful Asian MNEs, and also extends the upstream and downstream framework developed earlier.Less
This chapter examines the role of indigenous MNEs in promoting economic development. It focuses on MNEs from Asia. In addition to the Chinese and Korean MNEs, the chapter analyzes the regional activities of all MNEs in Asia. Certain MNEs are discussed in detail to explain their business strategies and impact on development. The twist here is that most Asian MNEs are from Japan. The chapter finds that, on average, over 80 percent of the sales and production of Japanese MNEs is in Asia. Thus, Japanese MNEs are major vehicles for economic development in Asia and are not global firms but regional firms. The chapter relates these findings to the FSA-CSA framework, details several case studies of successful Asian MNEs, and also extends the upstream and downstream framework developed earlier.
Leonard Seabrooke and Duncan Wigan
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- June 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780198832379
- eISBN:
- 9780191871016
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198832379.003.0014
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business
In this concluding chapter, Leonard Seabrooke and Duncan Wigan summarize the volume through some conceptual considerations. The first is to distinguish the firm from the corporation to provide a ...
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In this concluding chapter, Leonard Seabrooke and Duncan Wigan summarize the volume through some conceptual considerations. The first is to distinguish the firm from the corporation to provide a stronger understanding of how global wealth chains are planned within multinational enterprises and articulated. This includes distinguishing how different jurisdictions offer advantages for value chain and wealth chain activity, as well as noting the enabling role of global professional service firms. The second conceptual consideration is to theorize how micro-level interactions between clients, professionals, and regulators facilitate the selection of types of wealth chains and their associated corporate forms. The editors relate these two considerations to contributions in the volume and close by outlining the future research agenda.Less
In this concluding chapter, Leonard Seabrooke and Duncan Wigan summarize the volume through some conceptual considerations. The first is to distinguish the firm from the corporation to provide a stronger understanding of how global wealth chains are planned within multinational enterprises and articulated. This includes distinguishing how different jurisdictions offer advantages for value chain and wealth chain activity, as well as noting the enabling role of global professional service firms. The second conceptual consideration is to theorize how micro-level interactions between clients, professionals, and regulators facilitate the selection of types of wealth chains and their associated corporate forms. The editors relate these two considerations to contributions in the volume and close by outlining the future research agenda.
Martin Hearson
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- June 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780198832379
- eISBN:
- 9780191871016
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198832379.003.0003
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business
In this chapter, Martin Hearson explains why taxation treaties should be understood as assets that coordinate activity within global wealth chains. Hearson describes how multinational enterprises ...
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In this chapter, Martin Hearson explains why taxation treaties should be understood as assets that coordinate activity within global wealth chains. Hearson describes how multinational enterprises have changed their use of tax treaties. At first it was to remove the threat of double taxation, while in the contemporary period it is to facilitate advanced tax planning and ease internal transactions within multinational enterprises. Hearson describes how global professional service firms, especially the Big Four global accounting firms, are involved in establishing tax treaties, and how value chain activity is being restructured around wealth chain articulation. This chapter shows how legal forms can be understood as captive and hierarchy forms of wealth chain management, as well as how regulatory interventions to constrain such tax planning are important but not especially effective.Less
In this chapter, Martin Hearson explains why taxation treaties should be understood as assets that coordinate activity within global wealth chains. Hearson describes how multinational enterprises have changed their use of tax treaties. At first it was to remove the threat of double taxation, while in the contemporary period it is to facilitate advanced tax planning and ease internal transactions within multinational enterprises. Hearson describes how global professional service firms, especially the Big Four global accounting firms, are involved in establishing tax treaties, and how value chain activity is being restructured around wealth chain articulation. This chapter shows how legal forms can be understood as captive and hierarchy forms of wealth chain management, as well as how regulatory interventions to constrain such tax planning are important but not especially effective.
Ylönen Matti
- Published in print:
- 2022
- Published Online:
- June 2022
- ISBN:
- 9780198832379
- eISBN:
- 9780191871016
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198832379.003.0004
- Subject:
- Business and Management, International Business
In this chapter, Matti Ylönen explains how Advance Pricing Agreements and Advance Tax Rulings are used to stabilize activity in Global Wealth Chains and lower tax burdens. Ylönen describes how these ...
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In this chapter, Matti Ylönen explains how Advance Pricing Agreements and Advance Tax Rulings are used to stabilize activity in Global Wealth Chains and lower tax burdens. Ylönen describes how these tax ruling arrangements are used to lower potential tax burdens for multinational enterprises nationally and internationally. The selection of which tax ruling is appropriate depends on the capabilities and scale of the firm, which can be understood as a choice between Modular or Hierarchy forms of Global Wealth Chains. At the national level firms may deal directly with states (Hierarchy) or go through an intermediary, such as a professional tax advisory, to choose from a menu of options (Modular). At the international level the same choice is apparent, with the character of relations between states informing what opportunities are most attractive to firms.Less
In this chapter, Matti Ylönen explains how Advance Pricing Agreements and Advance Tax Rulings are used to stabilize activity in Global Wealth Chains and lower tax burdens. Ylönen describes how these tax ruling arrangements are used to lower potential tax burdens for multinational enterprises nationally and internationally. The selection of which tax ruling is appropriate depends on the capabilities and scale of the firm, which can be understood as a choice between Modular or Hierarchy forms of Global Wealth Chains. At the national level firms may deal directly with states (Hierarchy) or go through an intermediary, such as a professional tax advisory, to choose from a menu of options (Modular). At the international level the same choice is apparent, with the character of relations between states informing what opportunities are most attractive to firms.
