Ho-fung Hung
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231164184
- eISBN:
- 9780231540223
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164184.001.0001
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
Many thought China’s rise would fundamentally remake the global order. Yet, much like other developing nations, the Chinese state now finds itself in a status quo characterized by free trade and ...
More
Many thought China’s rise would fundamentally remake the global order. Yet, much like other developing nations, the Chinese state now finds itself in a status quo characterized by free trade and American domination. Through a cutting-edge historical, sociological, and political analysis, Ho-fung Hung details the competing interests and economic realities that temper the dream of Chinese supremacy—forces that are stymieing growth throughout the global South. Hung focuses on four common misconceptions: that China could undermine orthodoxy by offering an alternative model of growth; that China is radically altering power relations between the East and the West; that China is capable of diminishing the global power of the United States; and that the Chinese economy would restore the world’s wealth after the 2008 financial crisis. His work reveals how much China depends on the existing order and how the interests of the Chinese elites maintain these ties. Through its perpetuation of the dollar standard and its addiction to U.S. Treasury bonds, China remains bound to the terms of its own prosperity, and its economic practices of exploiting debt bubbles are destined to fail. Hung ultimately warns of a postmiracle China that will grow increasingly assertive in attitude while remaining constrained in capability.Less
Many thought China’s rise would fundamentally remake the global order. Yet, much like other developing nations, the Chinese state now finds itself in a status quo characterized by free trade and American domination. Through a cutting-edge historical, sociological, and political analysis, Ho-fung Hung details the competing interests and economic realities that temper the dream of Chinese supremacy—forces that are stymieing growth throughout the global South. Hung focuses on four common misconceptions: that China could undermine orthodoxy by offering an alternative model of growth; that China is radically altering power relations between the East and the West; that China is capable of diminishing the global power of the United States; and that the Chinese economy would restore the world’s wealth after the 2008 financial crisis. His work reveals how much China depends on the existing order and how the interests of the Chinese elites maintain these ties. Through its perpetuation of the dollar standard and its addiction to U.S. Treasury bonds, China remains bound to the terms of its own prosperity, and its economic practices of exploiting debt bubbles are destined to fail. Hung ultimately warns of a postmiracle China that will grow increasingly assertive in attitude while remaining constrained in capability.
Mary E. Frederickson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780813036038
- eISBN:
- 9780813038469
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813036038.003.0009
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
The final chapter of this book begins with a visit to a weave room in Uzbekistan filled with cast-iron looms from the Carolina textile plants of the 1920s. The story of how these looms ended up in ...
More
The final chapter of this book begins with a visit to a weave room in Uzbekistan filled with cast-iron looms from the Carolina textile plants of the 1920s. The story of how these looms ended up in Uzbekistan is not a straightforward tale of southern deindustrialization and expanding Asian labor markets. As the chapter maps the movement of workers into factories across what is now called the Global South, the discussion returns to the New South paradigm that became the archetype for labor relations in twentieth-century America to show how it has now also become the model for industrialization throughout the Global South, transforming that vast swath of the world into another “New South” and now writ large on the world stage.Less
The final chapter of this book begins with a visit to a weave room in Uzbekistan filled with cast-iron looms from the Carolina textile plants of the 1920s. The story of how these looms ended up in Uzbekistan is not a straightforward tale of southern deindustrialization and expanding Asian labor markets. As the chapter maps the movement of workers into factories across what is now called the Global South, the discussion returns to the New South paradigm that became the archetype for labor relations in twentieth-century America to show how it has now also become the model for industrialization throughout the Global South, transforming that vast swath of the world into another “New South” and now writ large on the world stage.
Erika K. Gubrium, Sony Pellissery, and Ivar Lødemel (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- May 2014
- ISBN:
- 9781447308713
- eISBN:
- 9781447312093
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781447308713.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
The shame experienced by people living in poverty has long been recognised. Nobel laureate and economist, Amartya Sen, has described shame as the "irreducible core" of poverty. However, little ...
More
The shame experienced by people living in poverty has long been recognised. Nobel laureate and economist, Amartya Sen, has described shame as the "irreducible core" of poverty. However, little attention has been paid to the implications of this connection in the making and implementation of anti-poverty policies. This important volume rectifies this critical omission and demonstrates the need to take account of the psychological consequences of poverty for policy to be effective. Drawing on pioneering empirical research in countries as diverse as Britain, Uganda, Norway, Pakistan, India, South Korea and China, it outlines core principles that can aid policy makers in policy development. In so doing, it provides the foundation for a shift in policy learning on a global scale and bridges the traditional distinctions between North and South, and high-, middle- and low-income countries. This will help students, academics and policy makers better understand the reasons for the varying effectiveness of anti-poverty policies.Less
The shame experienced by people living in poverty has long been recognised. Nobel laureate and economist, Amartya Sen, has described shame as the "irreducible core" of poverty. However, little attention has been paid to the implications of this connection in the making and implementation of anti-poverty policies. This important volume rectifies this critical omission and demonstrates the need to take account of the psychological consequences of poverty for policy to be effective. Drawing on pioneering empirical research in countries as diverse as Britain, Uganda, Norway, Pakistan, India, South Korea and China, it outlines core principles that can aid policy makers in policy development. In so doing, it provides the foundation for a shift in policy learning on a global scale and bridges the traditional distinctions between North and South, and high-, middle- and low-income countries. This will help students, academics and policy makers better understand the reasons for the varying effectiveness of anti-poverty policies.
Kerry Bystrom and Joseph R. Slaughter (eds)
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780823277872
- eISBN:
- 9780823280490
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823277872.001.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Despite the rise in transatlantic, oceanic, hemispheric, and regional studies that followed postcolonial and Third World studies in pursuing new frameworks and methods for examining South-South ...
More
Despite the rise in transatlantic, oceanic, hemispheric, and regional studies that followed postcolonial and Third World studies in pursuing new frameworks and methods for examining South-South connections, the South Atlantic has not yet emerged as a “site” that captures the general imagination or the scholarly attention it deserves—particularly in literature and cultural studies. The Global South Atlantic traces literary exchanges, socio-historical linkages, networks of communication and exchange, and overlapping investments (financial, political, social, cultural, and libidinal) among Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean that remain largely invisible to an Atlantic Studies still primarily inclined toward the North. Bringing together scholars working in Lusophone, Francophone, Hispanophone, and Anglophone contexts, as well as researchers working across other languages (such as Arabic) that are important components of a Global South Atlantic, the chapters in this volume demonstrate many important ways in which people, governments, political movements, social imaginaries, cultural artefacts, goods, and markets do (and sometimes do not) cross the South Atlantic. Combined, they help to reveal complex and intermeshed webs of cultural, material, and social relations that begin to make visible a multi-textured version of a South Atlantic system that is neither singular nor stable. As a region made up of multiple intersecting regions, as a vision made up of complementary and competing visions, the South Atlantic can only be understood comparatively. Exploring the Atlantic as an effect of structures of power and knowledge that issue from the Global South (as much as from Europe and North America), The Global South Atlantic seeks to rebalance global literary studies by shifting perspectives on transatlantic flows and charting overlooked routes of comparison.Less
Despite the rise in transatlantic, oceanic, hemispheric, and regional studies that followed postcolonial and Third World studies in pursuing new frameworks and methods for examining South-South connections, the South Atlantic has not yet emerged as a “site” that captures the general imagination or the scholarly attention it deserves—particularly in literature and cultural studies. The Global South Atlantic traces literary exchanges, socio-historical linkages, networks of communication and exchange, and overlapping investments (financial, political, social, cultural, and libidinal) among Africa, Latin America, and the Caribbean that remain largely invisible to an Atlantic Studies still primarily inclined toward the North. Bringing together scholars working in Lusophone, Francophone, Hispanophone, and Anglophone contexts, as well as researchers working across other languages (such as Arabic) that are important components of a Global South Atlantic, the chapters in this volume demonstrate many important ways in which people, governments, political movements, social imaginaries, cultural artefacts, goods, and markets do (and sometimes do not) cross the South Atlantic. Combined, they help to reveal complex and intermeshed webs of cultural, material, and social relations that begin to make visible a multi-textured version of a South Atlantic system that is neither singular nor stable. As a region made up of multiple intersecting regions, as a vision made up of complementary and competing visions, the South Atlantic can only be understood comparatively. Exploring the Atlantic as an effect of structures of power and knowledge that issue from the Global South (as much as from Europe and North America), The Global South Atlantic seeks to rebalance global literary studies by shifting perspectives on transatlantic flows and charting overlooked routes of comparison.
Ho-fung Hung
- Published in print:
- 2015
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780231164184
- eISBN:
- 9780231540223
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Columbia University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7312/columbia/9780231164184.003.0005
- Subject:
- Political Science, Asian Politics
The China boom, while bringing down global inequality in the short run, faciliates continuous rise of global inequality in the long run. The China boom offers as much new obstacles as new ...
More
The China boom, while bringing down global inequality in the short run, faciliates continuous rise of global inequality in the long run. The China boom offers as much new obstacles as new opportunities to other developing countries.Less
The China boom, while bringing down global inequality in the short run, faciliates continuous rise of global inequality in the long run. The China boom offers as much new obstacles as new opportunities to other developing countries.
Gavin W. Anderson
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199606078
- eISBN:
- 9780191729720
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199606078.003.0017
- Subject:
- Law, Human Rights and Immigration
This chapter seeks to rescue human rights by developing an alternative epistemology of human rights associated with the phenomenon of ‘globalization from below’. This relates to the emergence of ...
More
This chapter seeks to rescue human rights by developing an alternative epistemology of human rights associated with the phenomenon of ‘globalization from below’. This relates to the emergence of transnational networks of social movements, NGOs, and umbrella groupings such as the World Social Forum, which call into question the neoliberal paradigm and its version of human rights. A transformed rights discourse would be rooted in the politics of the global South which rejects the human rights used in the justification of colonialism and the dominance of international corporations. Rather, the emphasis is on public health over property rights and on the differences rather than universal features of human cultures. An example is the globalization of Western economic and social rights which privilege developed countries in international markets. If the Western dominant epistemology of human nature underlying the modern human rights movement is challenged, this gives us further reasons to be sceptical about current top-down methods of institutionalizing human rights.Less
This chapter seeks to rescue human rights by developing an alternative epistemology of human rights associated with the phenomenon of ‘globalization from below’. This relates to the emergence of transnational networks of social movements, NGOs, and umbrella groupings such as the World Social Forum, which call into question the neoliberal paradigm and its version of human rights. A transformed rights discourse would be rooted in the politics of the global South which rejects the human rights used in the justification of colonialism and the dominance of international corporations. Rather, the emphasis is on public health over property rights and on the differences rather than universal features of human cultures. An example is the globalization of Western economic and social rights which privilege developed countries in international markets. If the Western dominant epistemology of human nature underlying the modern human rights movement is challenged, this gives us further reasons to be sceptical about current top-down methods of institutionalizing human rights.
Sara Lorenzini
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780691180151
- eISBN:
- 9780691185569
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691180151.003.0010
- Subject:
- History, American History: 20th Century
This chapter explains how new concepts and strategies had to be devised to face the new North–South divide that seemed to be replacing the classic Cold War conflict. By the 1970s, the United States ...
More
This chapter explains how new concepts and strategies had to be devised to face the new North–South divide that seemed to be replacing the classic Cold War conflict. By the 1970s, the United States and the Soviet Union were conservative status quo powers that had more in common with each other than with the Global South. The Cold War was embedded in the international system and worked at much lower levels of tension than in earlier years. Would an East–West cooperation to deal with the Global South be viable? The Soviet Bloc did not appear to be keen on discussing a joint path out of the global economic turmoil, which it interpreted as the long-awaited crisis of capitalism. It was the European Economic Community (EEC), instead, that stood up as a distinctive actor, claiming to be distant from its members' imperial past and to offer a third way for the Third World, with goals that were not those of the Cold War superpowers.Less
This chapter explains how new concepts and strategies had to be devised to face the new North–South divide that seemed to be replacing the classic Cold War conflict. By the 1970s, the United States and the Soviet Union were conservative status quo powers that had more in common with each other than with the Global South. The Cold War was embedded in the international system and worked at much lower levels of tension than in earlier years. Would an East–West cooperation to deal with the Global South be viable? The Soviet Bloc did not appear to be keen on discussing a joint path out of the global economic turmoil, which it interpreted as the long-awaited crisis of capitalism. It was the European Economic Community (EEC), instead, that stood up as a distinctive actor, claiming to be distant from its members' imperial past and to offer a third way for the Third World, with goals that were not those of the Cold War superpowers.
Joseph R. Slaughter and Kerry Bystrom
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780823277872
- eISBN:
- 9780823280490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823277872.003.0001
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
Responding to the way the Southern parts of the Atlantic have historically been obscured in conceptions of the Atlantic world and through the critical oceanic studies concepts of fluidity, solvency, ...
More
Responding to the way the Southern parts of the Atlantic have historically been obscured in conceptions of the Atlantic world and through the critical oceanic studies concepts of fluidity, solvency, and drift, this chapter serves as a critical introduction to the South Atlantic. Beginning with a rereading of the Atlantic Charter, it poses the South Atlantic both as a material geographic region (something along the lines of a South Atlantic Rim) and as a set of largely unfulfilled visions—including those of anti-imperial solidarity and resistance generated through imaginative and political engagement from different parts of the Global South with the Atlantic world. It also reflects on the conditions under which something called the “Global South Atlantic” could come into being and the modes of historical, cultural, and literary comparison by which a multilingual and multinational region might be grasped.Less
Responding to the way the Southern parts of the Atlantic have historically been obscured in conceptions of the Atlantic world and through the critical oceanic studies concepts of fluidity, solvency, and drift, this chapter serves as a critical introduction to the South Atlantic. Beginning with a rereading of the Atlantic Charter, it poses the South Atlantic both as a material geographic region (something along the lines of a South Atlantic Rim) and as a set of largely unfulfilled visions—including those of anti-imperial solidarity and resistance generated through imaginative and political engagement from different parts of the Global South with the Atlantic world. It also reflects on the conditions under which something called the “Global South Atlantic” could come into being and the modes of historical, cultural, and literary comparison by which a multilingual and multinational region might be grasped.
Brian Ward
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780813044378
- eISBN:
- 9780813046471
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University Press of Florida
- DOI:
- 10.5744/florida/9780813044378.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, Cultural History
This chapter uses the memoirs of Caryl Phillips and the theoretical writings of Atlantic historian David Armitage as the springboard for a wide-ranging critical survey of scholarly and creative ...
More
This chapter uses the memoirs of Caryl Phillips and the theoretical writings of Atlantic historian David Armitage as the springboard for a wide-ranging critical survey of scholarly and creative attempts to place the American South in an Atlantic World framework. Spanning a variety of traditional disciplinary and temporal divides, it evaluates those efforts in the context of other moves within American Studies and the New Southern Studies to place the nation and the region in Global and Hemispheric (or New World) contexts. Noting the tremendous technical challenges posed by situating the American South within a comprehensive Atlantic World framework, the essay stresses the value of “granular” approaches to the mutually constitutive relationships between the American South and the Atlantic World: a granularity evident in studies that focus primarily on particular places, individuals, groups, moments, or themes in order to trace the significance of much broader Atlantic forces as they flow in and out of the South.Less
This chapter uses the memoirs of Caryl Phillips and the theoretical writings of Atlantic historian David Armitage as the springboard for a wide-ranging critical survey of scholarly and creative attempts to place the American South in an Atlantic World framework. Spanning a variety of traditional disciplinary and temporal divides, it evaluates those efforts in the context of other moves within American Studies and the New Southern Studies to place the nation and the region in Global and Hemispheric (or New World) contexts. Noting the tremendous technical challenges posed by situating the American South within a comprehensive Atlantic World framework, the essay stresses the value of “granular” approaches to the mutually constitutive relationships between the American South and the Atlantic World: a granularity evident in studies that focus primarily on particular places, individuals, groups, moments, or themes in order to trace the significance of much broader Atlantic forces as they flow in and out of the South.
Toni Haastrup and Jamie J. Hagen
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781529207743
- eISBN:
- 9781529207767
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529207743.003.0009
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Feminist Philosophy
This chapter uses an intersectional feminist analysis to consider how most WPS work continues to be done to or about countries in the Global South through the lens of National Action Plans (NAPs). We ...
More
This chapter uses an intersectional feminist analysis to consider how most WPS work continues to be done to or about countries in the Global South through the lens of National Action Plans (NAPs). We consider who WPS is about and who it is for on the international stage. A central part of this investigation is interrogating whether certain NAPs are truly able to localize the international project of WPS or whether because of global racial hierarchies, they actually simply reinforce the status quo. We also consider why funders in the Global North continue to look abroad to address issues of gendered insecurity and conflict despite the challenges within their own boarders. Finally, we look at which images are used to present the women the NAP is meant to be about keeping secure. As part of the second generation of work reflecting on the WPS architecture, this chapter is a reflection on how whiteness and white privilege are refracted in the knowledge of and in the implementation practices of the WPS agenda. Overall, this critique of the practices of the WPS agenda contributes to feminist studies on securitization and the cooptation within WPS that serves to perpetuate a ‘white savior’ narrative around peace and security.Less
This chapter uses an intersectional feminist analysis to consider how most WPS work continues to be done to or about countries in the Global South through the lens of National Action Plans (NAPs). We consider who WPS is about and who it is for on the international stage. A central part of this investigation is interrogating whether certain NAPs are truly able to localize the international project of WPS or whether because of global racial hierarchies, they actually simply reinforce the status quo. We also consider why funders in the Global North continue to look abroad to address issues of gendered insecurity and conflict despite the challenges within their own boarders. Finally, we look at which images are used to present the women the NAP is meant to be about keeping secure. As part of the second generation of work reflecting on the WPS architecture, this chapter is a reflection on how whiteness and white privilege are refracted in the knowledge of and in the implementation practices of the WPS agenda. Overall, this critique of the practices of the WPS agenda contributes to feminist studies on securitization and the cooptation within WPS that serves to perpetuate a ‘white savior’ narrative around peace and security.
Peter Wagner
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- May 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781474461405
- eISBN:
- 9781474491167
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474461405.003.0008
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
Ireland is not normally conceived as being located south of the neighbouring Great Britain, nor of Europe, but this chapter suggests that it could be. Towards that end, the dispute over the ...
More
Ireland is not normally conceived as being located south of the neighbouring Great Britain, nor of Europe, but this chapter suggests that it could be. Towards that end, the dispute over the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union is briefly discussed in light of the difficulties of separating political entities in our time of high global interconnectedness. Subsequently, the UK-EU dispute is compared to the separation of Algeria from France and the exit of South Africa from the British Commonwealth, opening the path towards pluralizing the notion of the “South”. Such pluralization allows the investigation of historically formed asymmetric relations between societies beyond the formal concept of colonialism. Against this background, the transformation of the relation between EU countries and their former colonies from the 1970s onwards is analyzed in terms of attempts to re-regulate the relation between Europe and its South after decolonization. These attempts aim at drawing clear lines of separation, but they keep failing because the South reveals itself as a moving target, impossible to confine to a restricted space. Thus, in conclusion, current Northward migration and climate change are discussed in terms of global social and ecological injustice the significance of which Europe cannot deny.Less
Ireland is not normally conceived as being located south of the neighbouring Great Britain, nor of Europe, but this chapter suggests that it could be. Towards that end, the dispute over the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union is briefly discussed in light of the difficulties of separating political entities in our time of high global interconnectedness. Subsequently, the UK-EU dispute is compared to the separation of Algeria from France and the exit of South Africa from the British Commonwealth, opening the path towards pluralizing the notion of the “South”. Such pluralization allows the investigation of historically formed asymmetric relations between societies beyond the formal concept of colonialism. Against this background, the transformation of the relation between EU countries and their former colonies from the 1970s onwards is analyzed in terms of attempts to re-regulate the relation between Europe and its South after decolonization. These attempts aim at drawing clear lines of separation, but they keep failing because the South reveals itself as a moving target, impossible to confine to a restricted space. Thus, in conclusion, current Northward migration and climate change are discussed in terms of global social and ecological injustice the significance of which Europe cannot deny.
Jamie K. McCallum
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801451935
- eISBN:
- 9780801469480
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801451935.001.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
News about labor unions is usually pessimistic, focusing on declining membership and failed campaigns. But there are encouraging signs that the labor movement is evolving its strategies to benefit ...
More
News about labor unions is usually pessimistic, focusing on declining membership and failed campaigns. But there are encouraging signs that the labor movement is evolving its strategies to benefit workers in rapidly changing global economic conditions. This book tells the story of the most successful and aggressive campaign ever waged by workers across national borders. It begins in the United States in 2007 as Service Employees International Union's (SEIU) struggled to organize private security guards at Group 4 Securicor (G4S), a global security services company that is the second largest employer in the world. Failing in its bid, SEIU changed course and sought allies in other countries in which G4S operated. Its efforts resulted in wage gains, benefits increases, new union formations, and an end to management reprisals in many countries throughout the Global South, though close attention is focused on developments in South Africa and India. The book looks beyond these achievements to probe the meaning of some of the less visible aspects of the campaign. The book reveals several paradoxes. Although global unionism is typically concerned with creating parity and universal standards across borders, local context can both undermine and empower the intentions of global actors, creating varied and uneven results. At the same time, despite being generally regarded as weaker than their European counterparts, U.S. unions are in the process of remaking the global labor movement in their own image. The book suggests that changes in political economy have encouraged unions to develop new ways to organize workers.Less
News about labor unions is usually pessimistic, focusing on declining membership and failed campaigns. But there are encouraging signs that the labor movement is evolving its strategies to benefit workers in rapidly changing global economic conditions. This book tells the story of the most successful and aggressive campaign ever waged by workers across national borders. It begins in the United States in 2007 as Service Employees International Union's (SEIU) struggled to organize private security guards at Group 4 Securicor (G4S), a global security services company that is the second largest employer in the world. Failing in its bid, SEIU changed course and sought allies in other countries in which G4S operated. Its efforts resulted in wage gains, benefits increases, new union formations, and an end to management reprisals in many countries throughout the Global South, though close attention is focused on developments in South Africa and India. The book looks beyond these achievements to probe the meaning of some of the less visible aspects of the campaign. The book reveals several paradoxes. Although global unionism is typically concerned with creating parity and universal standards across borders, local context can both undermine and empower the intentions of global actors, creating varied and uneven results. At the same time, despite being generally regarded as weaker than their European counterparts, U.S. unions are in the process of remaking the global labor movement in their own image. The book suggests that changes in political economy have encouraged unions to develop new ways to organize workers.
Joseph Hongoh
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2020
- ISBN:
- 9781474423816
- eISBN:
- 9781474435314
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781474423816.003.0009
- Subject:
- Political Science, Conflict Politics and Policy
In Chapter Eight, Sovereignty versus Responsibility to Protect, Joseph Hongoh argues that the struggle in navigating the tension surrounding sovereignty as responsibility to protect actually obscures ...
More
In Chapter Eight, Sovereignty versus Responsibility to Protect, Joseph Hongoh argues that the struggle in navigating the tension surrounding sovereignty as responsibility to protect actually obscures rather than enables productive engagements with the concept and practice of intervention. Referring to case studies from Africa, Hongoh suggests that integrating regional organizations (ROs) within the international-regional-national axes of R2P potentially restricts the broader conception of intervention. In undertaking this examination, he begins by providing an alternative reading of sovereignty as a responsibility. In this regard, he demonstrates how regional organizations in Africa have perennially engaged with the questions of sovereignty, responsibility, protection and human solidarity within the broader frames of political and economic empowerment and emancipation. In the last two sections of his chapter, Hongo shows how the broader conception of intervention has the potential effect of producing transnational sovereignty, and in ways that are not imagined within R2P. The result, he suggests, may lead to implementation of R2P within the conditions of sovereignty that are determined by ROs.Less
In Chapter Eight, Sovereignty versus Responsibility to Protect, Joseph Hongoh argues that the struggle in navigating the tension surrounding sovereignty as responsibility to protect actually obscures rather than enables productive engagements with the concept and practice of intervention. Referring to case studies from Africa, Hongoh suggests that integrating regional organizations (ROs) within the international-regional-national axes of R2P potentially restricts the broader conception of intervention. In undertaking this examination, he begins by providing an alternative reading of sovereignty as a responsibility. In this regard, he demonstrates how regional organizations in Africa have perennially engaged with the questions of sovereignty, responsibility, protection and human solidarity within the broader frames of political and economic empowerment and emancipation. In the last two sections of his chapter, Hongo shows how the broader conception of intervention has the potential effect of producing transnational sovereignty, and in ways that are not imagined within R2P. The result, he suggests, may lead to implementation of R2P within the conditions of sovereignty that are determined by ROs.
Varun Sahni
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- January 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780198069652
- eISBN:
- 9780199082742
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198069652.003.0003
- Subject:
- Political Science, International Relations and Politics
The chapter seeks to relate the concepts of ‘regional power’ and ‘regional security’ to the relatively unexplored concept of ‘regional leadership’ by comparing the regional security problématiques of ...
More
The chapter seeks to relate the concepts of ‘regional power’ and ‘regional security’ to the relatively unexplored concept of ‘regional leadership’ by comparing the regional security problématiques of Brazil, India and South Africa, the three most visible emerging powers in the global South. While the exercise of regional power is in its essence a control operation, the establishment of regional leadership requires the generation of consent. The chapter also seeks to understand the interplay between policy initiative and regional context. To what extent are the regional policies of Brazil, India, and South Africa conditioned by their respective regional contexts? What is the role of innovative domestic and regional policy in transforming the regional context? Thus, the subject matter of the chapter also gestures to a fundamental issue in social science research, the agent-structure problem.Less
The chapter seeks to relate the concepts of ‘regional power’ and ‘regional security’ to the relatively unexplored concept of ‘regional leadership’ by comparing the regional security problématiques of Brazil, India and South Africa, the three most visible emerging powers in the global South. While the exercise of regional power is in its essence a control operation, the establishment of regional leadership requires the generation of consent. The chapter also seeks to understand the interplay between policy initiative and regional context. To what extent are the regional policies of Brazil, India, and South Africa conditioned by their respective regional contexts? What is the role of innovative domestic and regional policy in transforming the regional context? Thus, the subject matter of the chapter also gestures to a fundamental issue in social science research, the agent-structure problem.
Philipp Dann, Michael Riegner, and Maxim Bönnemann
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- November 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780198850403
- eISBN:
- 9780191885426
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/oso/9780198850403.003.0001
- Subject:
- Law, Constitutional and Administrative Law
This introductory chapter argues for and conceptualizes a ‘Southern turn’ in comparative constitutional law. It takes stock of existing scholarship on the Global South and comparative constitutional ...
More
This introductory chapter argues for and conceptualizes a ‘Southern turn’ in comparative constitutional law. It takes stock of existing scholarship on the Global South and comparative constitutional law, situates the volume in this context, and seeks to move the debate forward. Its argument has three elements: the first is that the ‘Global South’ has already become a term used productively in various disciplines and in legal scholarship, even though in very different and sometimes under-theorized ways. Secondly, we argue that the ‘Global South’ is a useful concept to capture and understand a constitutional experience that is distinct from, and at the same time deeply entangled with, constitutionalism in the Global North. Thirdly, we contend that the Southern turn implies a specific epistemic, methodological, and institutional sensitivity that has implications for comparative constitutional scholarship as a whole. This sensitivity embraces epistemic reflexivity, methodological pluralism, as well as institutional diversification, collaboration, and ‘slow comparison’ and thus points the way towards an understanding of the discipline as ‘world comparative law’.Less
This introductory chapter argues for and conceptualizes a ‘Southern turn’ in comparative constitutional law. It takes stock of existing scholarship on the Global South and comparative constitutional law, situates the volume in this context, and seeks to move the debate forward. Its argument has three elements: the first is that the ‘Global South’ has already become a term used productively in various disciplines and in legal scholarship, even though in very different and sometimes under-theorized ways. Secondly, we argue that the ‘Global South’ is a useful concept to capture and understand a constitutional experience that is distinct from, and at the same time deeply entangled with, constitutionalism in the Global North. Thirdly, we contend that the Southern turn implies a specific epistemic, methodological, and institutional sensitivity that has implications for comparative constitutional scholarship as a whole. This sensitivity embraces epistemic reflexivity, methodological pluralism, as well as institutional diversification, collaboration, and ‘slow comparison’ and thus points the way towards an understanding of the discipline as ‘world comparative law’.
Garth Myers
- Published in print:
- 2020
- Published Online:
- January 2021
- ISBN:
- 9781529204452
- eISBN:
- 9781529204490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- DOI:
- 10.1332/policypress/9781529204452.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Social Stratification, Inequality, and Mobility
The introduction situates the exploration that ensues in the six chapters by outlining the parameters of how the discussions and debates in urban studies about global connections and circuits of ...
More
The introduction situates the exploration that ensues in the six chapters by outlining the parameters of how the discussions and debates in urban studies about global connections and circuits of urbanization emerged and evolved over the last half-century or so. It defines the four key terms of the book title (urbanism, rethinking, postcolonialism and the Global South). Approaches to global urban studies via the Chicago School, Globalization-and-World-Cities Research Network, the Los Angeles School, Henri Lefebvre, and planetary urbanization are explored. It then discusses the considerable critique and vast opening of comparative urbanism that arose out of postcolonial studies and southern theory, challenging universal understandings emanating from European and North American cities. The challenges of working toward a southern and postcolonial global urban studies are highlighted, and the work of Edouard Glissant is introduced.Less
The introduction situates the exploration that ensues in the six chapters by outlining the parameters of how the discussions and debates in urban studies about global connections and circuits of urbanization emerged and evolved over the last half-century or so. It defines the four key terms of the book title (urbanism, rethinking, postcolonialism and the Global South). Approaches to global urban studies via the Chicago School, Globalization-and-World-Cities Research Network, the Los Angeles School, Henri Lefebvre, and planetary urbanization are explored. It then discusses the considerable critique and vast opening of comparative urbanism that arose out of postcolonial studies and southern theory, challenging universal understandings emanating from European and North American cities. The challenges of working toward a southern and postcolonial global urban studies are highlighted, and the work of Edouard Glissant is introduced.
Anne Pollock
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- January 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780226629049
- eISBN:
- 9780226629216
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
- DOI:
- 10.7208/chicago/9780226629216.003.0002
- Subject:
- History, History of Science, Technology, and Medicine
This chapter explores what makes iThemba Pharmaceuticals’s mission of finding new drugs for TB, HIV, and malaria in South Africa distinctive. The chapter contrasts iThemba’s approach with that of the ...
More
This chapter explores what makes iThemba Pharmaceuticals’s mission of finding new drugs for TB, HIV, and malaria in South Africa distinctive. The chapter contrasts iThemba’s approach with that of the three most prominent discourses of pharmaceuticals and the Global South: access to medicines campaigns that aim to increase distribution of generic drugs; pharmaceutical research based on bioprospecting and traditional knowledges; and clinical trial research. Putting iThemba into comparative relief with these disparate sets of global health discourses reveals a common element among them: all three have an implicit reliance on a problematic conceptual bifurcation between Global North and South. They rely on an assumption that the most prestigious forms of pharmaceutical knowledge will be made in the North, while the South will be relegated to more circumscribed roles: recipients of generic drugs, providers of raw materials, and providers of test subjects. Whether these endeavors operate under a rubric of philanthropy or of science as usual, power inequalities are maintained and reinforced. South Africa itself is in many ways betwixt and between Global North and South, and this small drug discovery company’s mission helps to illuminate some of the limitations of pharmaceutical knowledge-making projects that take global bifurcation for granted.Less
This chapter explores what makes iThemba Pharmaceuticals’s mission of finding new drugs for TB, HIV, and malaria in South Africa distinctive. The chapter contrasts iThemba’s approach with that of the three most prominent discourses of pharmaceuticals and the Global South: access to medicines campaigns that aim to increase distribution of generic drugs; pharmaceutical research based on bioprospecting and traditional knowledges; and clinical trial research. Putting iThemba into comparative relief with these disparate sets of global health discourses reveals a common element among them: all three have an implicit reliance on a problematic conceptual bifurcation between Global North and South. They rely on an assumption that the most prestigious forms of pharmaceutical knowledge will be made in the North, while the South will be relegated to more circumscribed roles: recipients of generic drugs, providers of raw materials, and providers of test subjects. Whether these endeavors operate under a rubric of philanthropy or of science as usual, power inequalities are maintained and reinforced. South Africa itself is in many ways betwixt and between Global North and South, and this small drug discovery company’s mission helps to illuminate some of the limitations of pharmaceutical knowledge-making projects that take global bifurcation for granted.
Anne Garland Mahler
- Published in print:
- 2017
- Published Online:
- May 2018
- ISBN:
- 9780823277872
- eISBN:
- 9780823280490
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Fordham University Press
- DOI:
- 10.5422/fordham/9780823277872.003.0006
- Subject:
- Literature, World Literature
This essay argues that tricontinentalism—the ideology disseminated through the expansive cultural production of the Cold War alliance of liberation movements from Africa, Asia, and Latin America ...
More
This essay argues that tricontinentalism—the ideology disseminated through the expansive cultural production of the Cold War alliance of liberation movements from Africa, Asia, and Latin America called the Tricontinental—revised a black Atlantic resistant subjectivity into a global vision of subaltern resistance that is resurfacing in contemporary horizontalist concepts, like the Global South. Tricontinentalism responded to a political formulation of blackness from the négritude/negrismo/New Negro movements of the 1920s–40s and to the transformation of this category in Richard Wright’s use of the “color curtain” to describe the 1955 Afro-Asian Bandung Conference. As Bandung solidarity moved into the Americas to become the Tricontinental, tricontinentalism would attempt to push beyond the color curtain, transforming this category of color into a non-essentialist, political signifier that refers to a global and broadly inclusive resistant subjectivity that is inherent to contemporary concepts like the Global South.Less
This essay argues that tricontinentalism—the ideology disseminated through the expansive cultural production of the Cold War alliance of liberation movements from Africa, Asia, and Latin America called the Tricontinental—revised a black Atlantic resistant subjectivity into a global vision of subaltern resistance that is resurfacing in contemporary horizontalist concepts, like the Global South. Tricontinentalism responded to a political formulation of blackness from the négritude/negrismo/New Negro movements of the 1920s–40s and to the transformation of this category in Richard Wright’s use of the “color curtain” to describe the 1955 Afro-Asian Bandung Conference. As Bandung solidarity moved into the Americas to become the Tricontinental, tricontinentalism would attempt to push beyond the color curtain, transforming this category of color into a non-essentialist, political signifier that refers to a global and broadly inclusive resistant subjectivity that is inherent to contemporary concepts like the Global South.
Annette K. Joseph-Gabriel
- Published in print:
- 2019
- Published Online:
- September 2020
- ISBN:
- 9780252042935
- eISBN:
- 9780252051791
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of Illinois Press
- DOI:
- 10.5622/illinois/9780252042935.003.0008
- Subject:
- Sociology, Race and Ethnicity
Eslanda Robeson’s transnational anti-imperialist activism brought her into contact with most of the women examined in this study. This chapter therefore takes a broader geographic view of black ...
More
Eslanda Robeson’s transnational anti-imperialist activism brought her into contact with most of the women examined in this study. This chapter therefore takes a broader geographic view of black women’s decolonial politics by analyzing Robeson’s travel journals chronicling her journeys through Southern Africa in 1936 and French Equatorial Africa in 1946. Her Global South project displaces subjection to imperial rule as the imagined connection among the people of Africa, Asia and the Americas. She envisions the Global South as defined by concerted acts of resistance against imperialism, and highlights women’s roles in leading or carrying out these acts of resistance.Less
Eslanda Robeson’s transnational anti-imperialist activism brought her into contact with most of the women examined in this study. This chapter therefore takes a broader geographic view of black women’s decolonial politics by analyzing Robeson’s travel journals chronicling her journeys through Southern Africa in 1936 and French Equatorial Africa in 1946. Her Global South project displaces subjection to imperial rule as the imagined connection among the people of Africa, Asia and the Americas. She envisions the Global South as defined by concerted acts of resistance against imperialism, and highlights women’s roles in leading or carrying out these acts of resistance.
Jamie K. McCallum
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- August 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780801451935
- eISBN:
- 9780801469480
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Cornell University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7591/cornell/9780801451935.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Occupations, Professions, and Work
This concluding chapter argues that transformations in the global political economy have shifted the bases of worker power. Unions are increasingly turning toward strategies that seek to alter the ...
More
This concluding chapter argues that transformations in the global political economy have shifted the bases of worker power. Unions are increasingly turning toward strategies that seek to alter the “rules of engagement” between capital and labor even before worker organizing begins. These different strategies are expressed as campaigns to win global framework agreements. The chapter also claims that reciprocity between the global and local spheres of action is a necessary condition for building global unionism. The case studies in the book show the intricate ways in which local struggles were woven into the global effort. For instance, the effort in the United States for global union was expanded with the support of unions in the Global South.Less
This concluding chapter argues that transformations in the global political economy have shifted the bases of worker power. Unions are increasingly turning toward strategies that seek to alter the “rules of engagement” between capital and labor even before worker organizing begins. These different strategies are expressed as campaigns to win global framework agreements. The chapter also claims that reciprocity between the global and local spheres of action is a necessary condition for building global unionism. The case studies in the book show the intricate ways in which local struggles were woven into the global effort. For instance, the effort in the United States for global union was expanded with the support of unions in the Global South.
