Cecilia L. Ridgeway
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- May 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780199755776
- eISBN:
- 9780199894925
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199755776.003.0006
- Subject:
- Psychology, Social Psychology
Previous chapters addressed the persistence of inequality in existing institutions; this chapter examines persistence at sites of economic and social innovation. Evidence shows that gender ...
More
Previous chapters addressed the persistence of inequality in existing institutions; this chapter examines persistence at sites of economic and social innovation. Evidence shows that gender stereotypes change more slowly than material arrangements between men and women (cultural lag). At sites of innovation, people implicitly draw on lagging stereotypes to help organize their uncertain new situations, rewriting gender inequality into the new organizational procedures and structures they create. Some of these new organizational routines spread widely to become blueprints for new industries and social forms, reinventing but also modifying inequality for a new era. This argument is examined through studies of innovative work sites (biotechnology and information-technology start-ups) and forms of heterosexual union (student hook-ups).Less
Previous chapters addressed the persistence of inequality in existing institutions; this chapter examines persistence at sites of economic and social innovation. Evidence shows that gender stereotypes change more slowly than material arrangements between men and women (cultural lag). At sites of innovation, people implicitly draw on lagging stereotypes to help organize their uncertain new situations, rewriting gender inequality into the new organizational procedures and structures they create. Some of these new organizational routines spread widely to become blueprints for new industries and social forms, reinventing but also modifying inequality for a new era. This argument is examined through studies of innovative work sites (biotechnology and information-technology start-ups) and forms of heterosexual union (student hook-ups).
Hera Cook
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- January 2008
- ISBN:
- 9780199252183
- eISBN:
- 9780191719240
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199252183.003.0008
- Subject:
- History, Social History
This chapter provides a summary of changing sexual behaviour and attitudes in the first two thirds of the 20th century. It shows that English sexual mores were shaped by ignorance of physical ...
More
This chapter provides a summary of changing sexual behaviour and attitudes in the first two thirds of the 20th century. It shows that English sexual mores were shaped by ignorance of physical sexuality and reproduction, the estrangement of the genders, and deep-seated reticence. The contribution of highly sexually active (previously described as promiscuous) heterosexual and homosexual men and women to sexual change was important, but such people remained a minority and the majority of the population limited their sexual activity severely in the interwar period and continued to be sexually conservative well into the post-war period.Less
This chapter provides a summary of changing sexual behaviour and attitudes in the first two thirds of the 20th century. It shows that English sexual mores were shaped by ignorance of physical sexuality and reproduction, the estrangement of the genders, and deep-seated reticence. The contribution of highly sexually active (previously described as promiscuous) heterosexual and homosexual men and women to sexual change was important, but such people remained a minority and the majority of the population limited their sexual activity severely in the interwar period and continued to be sexually conservative well into the post-war period.
Mary P. Ryan
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2014
- ISBN:
- 9780807830628
- eISBN:
- 9781469606057
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- University of North Carolina Press
- DOI:
- 10.5149/9780807876688_ryan.10
- Subject:
- Society and Culture, Gender Studies
This chapter focuses on another historical source of gender change: a powerful wave of immigration into the United States. It begins by discussing the competing patterns of gender differentiation ...
More
This chapter focuses on another historical source of gender change: a powerful wave of immigration into the United States. It begins by discussing the competing patterns of gender differentiation that immigrants brought and the ways in which immigration infused American gender culture with individual transformation and social diversity. The chapter also explores the challenges to gender orthodoxy, and how new immigrants met postmodernity and magnified the force of gender change.Less
This chapter focuses on another historical source of gender change: a powerful wave of immigration into the United States. It begins by discussing the competing patterns of gender differentiation that immigrants brought and the ways in which immigration infused American gender culture with individual transformation and social diversity. The chapter also explores the challenges to gender orthodoxy, and how new immigrants met postmodernity and magnified the force of gender change.
Margret Fine-Davis
- Published in print:
- 2016
- Published Online:
- January 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780719096969
- eISBN:
- 9781526115362
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Manchester University Press
- DOI:
- 10.7228/manchester/9780719096969.003.0001
- Subject:
- Sociology, Marriage and the Family
Chapter 1 presents an overview of the key issues and previous research relevant to changing gender roles and family formation. The chapter presents a review of the literature covering several ...
More
Chapter 1 presents an overview of the key issues and previous research relevant to changing gender roles and family formation. The chapter presents a review of the literature covering several inter-related topics. These include changing gender role attitudes and behaviour, as well as the relationship between women’s labour force participation and fertility. The effects of family policies on women’s labour force participation and fertility are also discussed. Special attention is paid to the demographic changes which have been occurring and the emergence of new family forms. Finally the chapter looks at the economic and social effects of these changes on society and the psychological effects of the changing nature of the family on individuals and on society. The approach is international, with a special focus on Ireland.Less
Chapter 1 presents an overview of the key issues and previous research relevant to changing gender roles and family formation. The chapter presents a review of the literature covering several inter-related topics. These include changing gender role attitudes and behaviour, as well as the relationship between women’s labour force participation and fertility. The effects of family policies on women’s labour force participation and fertility are also discussed. Special attention is paid to the demographic changes which have been occurring and the emergence of new family forms. Finally the chapter looks at the economic and social effects of these changes on society and the psychological effects of the changing nature of the family on individuals and on society. The approach is international, with a special focus on Ireland.
Sonja Plesset
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- June 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780804753012
- eISBN:
- 9780804767866
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Stanford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.11126/stanford/9780804753012.001.0001
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
Residents of Parma, Italy pride themselves on their sophistication and connection to European modernity. But despite a reputation for civility, intimate partner violence continues to take place, ...
More
Residents of Parma, Italy pride themselves on their sophistication and connection to European modernity. But despite a reputation for civility, intimate partner violence continues to take place, largely hidden from public view. Offering a detailed ethnography of two women's shelters—one leftist, the other Catholic—this book provides the political, cultural, and legal contexts of competing explanations for intimate partner violence. Some contend that violence against women reflects the cultural and historical gender inequalities embedded in Italian society, including “old-fashioned” or “traditional” understandings of masculinity. Others argue that it stems from confusion and ambivalence over “new” or “modern” forms of gender relations. While the first explanation places the blame on tradition and the second cites the transition to modernity, both emphasize societal understandings of gender and point to collective, rather than individual, responsibility. Through an intimate portrayal of everyday life, the book reveals how violence against women can be studied as one part of a continuum of locally relevant understandings of gender relations and gender change.Less
Residents of Parma, Italy pride themselves on their sophistication and connection to European modernity. But despite a reputation for civility, intimate partner violence continues to take place, largely hidden from public view. Offering a detailed ethnography of two women's shelters—one leftist, the other Catholic—this book provides the political, cultural, and legal contexts of competing explanations for intimate partner violence. Some contend that violence against women reflects the cultural and historical gender inequalities embedded in Italian society, including “old-fashioned” or “traditional” understandings of masculinity. Others argue that it stems from confusion and ambivalence over “new” or “modern” forms of gender relations. While the first explanation places the blame on tradition and the second cites the transition to modernity, both emphasize societal understandings of gender and point to collective, rather than individual, responsibility. Through an intimate portrayal of everyday life, the book reveals how violence against women can be studied as one part of a continuum of locally relevant understandings of gender relations and gender change.
Kenneth McK Norrie
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- September 2015
- ISBN:
- 9781845861193
- eISBN:
- 9781474406246
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Edinburgh University Press
- DOI:
- 10.3366/edinburgh/9781845861193.003.0010
- Subject:
- Law, Family Law
Discusses, in 2001, the then current position of transsexuals in the law. The Court of Appeal had applied the Corbett rule in the case of Bellinger v Bellinger, and the European Court of Human Rights ...
More
Discusses, in 2001, the then current position of transsexuals in the law. The Court of Appeal had applied the Corbett rule in the case of Bellinger v Bellinger, and the European Court of Human Rights were showing signs of impatience with the UK position on the matter. Bellinger was subsequently affirmed in the House of Lords, the European Court's patience snapped in 2002 and the Gender Recognition Act 2004 was passed.Less
Discusses, in 2001, the then current position of transsexuals in the law. The Court of Appeal had applied the Corbett rule in the case of Bellinger v Bellinger, and the European Court of Human Rights were showing signs of impatience with the UK position on the matter. Bellinger was subsequently affirmed in the House of Lords, the European Court's patience snapped in 2002 and the Gender Recognition Act 2004 was passed.
Subhadra Mitra Channa
- Published in print:
- 2013
- Published Online:
- September 2013
- ISBN:
- 9780198079422
- eISBN:
- 9780199082261
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198079422.003.0007
- Subject:
- Sociology, Culture
Among the Jads, the women belong to the social and the men to the natural order; therefore, the village belongs to the women who play the central role in social life and village economy. In this ...
More
Among the Jads, the women belong to the social and the men to the natural order; therefore, the village belongs to the women who play the central role in social life and village economy. In this chapter the work and lives of women are described as well as their location and agency within the social order. It discusses the role-playing of women while situating the Jad women within the larger social universe of Himalayan women and Tibetan cultural influence. It details the division of labour, construction of ideal gendered personhoods, and highlights the lives of the woman village political head and the Buddhist nun, along with the other local women. It also discusses changing gender relations and women’s attitudes towards marriage and men, and emphasizes their comparative individuality and agency linked to practices of village endogamy, inheritance patterns, and women’s control over economic and social resources.Less
Among the Jads, the women belong to the social and the men to the natural order; therefore, the village belongs to the women who play the central role in social life and village economy. In this chapter the work and lives of women are described as well as their location and agency within the social order. It discusses the role-playing of women while situating the Jad women within the larger social universe of Himalayan women and Tibetan cultural influence. It details the division of labour, construction of ideal gendered personhoods, and highlights the lives of the woman village political head and the Buddhist nun, along with the other local women. It also discusses changing gender relations and women’s attitudes towards marriage and men, and emphasizes their comparative individuality and agency linked to practices of village endogamy, inheritance patterns, and women’s control over economic and social resources.
