Naomi E. Chayen, John R. Helliwell, and Edward H. Snell
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199213252
- eISBN:
- 9780191707575
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199213252.003.0007
- Subject:
- Physics, Crystallography
The structural studies of membrane proteins lag those of their soluble counterparts. This is mainly due to the difficulty in crystallizing membrane proteins that have large hydrophobic regions that ...
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The structural studies of membrane proteins lag those of their soluble counterparts. This is mainly due to the difficulty in crystallizing membrane proteins that have large hydrophobic regions that are in contact with the alkyl chains of the lipids in the membrane. This chapter describes specific methods for membrane protein crystal growth including screening with detergents, lipidic cubic‐phase crystallization and antibody fragment approaches.Less
The structural studies of membrane proteins lag those of their soluble counterparts. This is mainly due to the difficulty in crystallizing membrane proteins that have large hydrophobic regions that are in contact with the alkyl chains of the lipids in the membrane. This chapter describes specific methods for membrane protein crystal growth including screening with detergents, lipidic cubic‐phase crystallization and antibody fragment approaches.
Geoffrey Mark Hahneman
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198263418
- eISBN:
- 9780191682537
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198263418.001.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, Early Christian Studies
The Muratorian Fragment, traditionally dated at the end of the second century, is by far the earliest known list of the books of the New Testament. It is therefore an important milestone in ...
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The Muratorian Fragment, traditionally dated at the end of the second century, is by far the earliest known list of the books of the New Testament. It is therefore an important milestone in understanding the formation of the Christian canon of scriptures. The traditional date of the fragment, however, was questioned in 1973 by Albert C. Sundberg, Jr., in an article of the Harvard Theological Review that has since been generally ignored or dismissed. This book examines afresh the traditional dating of the fragment in a study that concurs with Sundberg's findings. Arguing for a later placing of the fragment, the author shows that the entire history of the Christian Bible must be recast as a much longer and more gradual process. As a result, the decisive period of canonical history moves from the end of the second century into the midst of the fourth.Less
The Muratorian Fragment, traditionally dated at the end of the second century, is by far the earliest known list of the books of the New Testament. It is therefore an important milestone in understanding the formation of the Christian canon of scriptures. The traditional date of the fragment, however, was questioned in 1973 by Albert C. Sundberg, Jr., in an article of the Harvard Theological Review that has since been generally ignored or dismissed. This book examines afresh the traditional dating of the fragment in a study that concurs with Sundberg's findings. Arguing for a later placing of the fragment, the author shows that the entire history of the Christian Bible must be recast as a much longer and more gradual process. As a result, the decisive period of canonical history moves from the end of the second century into the midst of the fourth.
Geoffrey Mark Hahneman
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198263418
- eISBN:
- 9780191682537
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198263418.003.0001
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, Early Christian Studies
In 1964, Albert C. Sundberg, Jr., published a distinguished work on the Old Testament in the early Church. This well-received study refuted the hypothesis of an Alexandrian Jewish canon and radically ...
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In 1964, Albert C. Sundberg, Jr., published a distinguished work on the Old Testament in the early Church. This well-received study refuted the hypothesis of an Alexandrian Jewish canon and radically changed the traditional understanding of the formation of the Christian Old Testament. It was not until 1973 that Sundberg published in full his argument for the redating of the Muratorian Fragment. He questioned the traditional late second-century dating and Westem provenance generally assigned to the Fragment since its publication in 1740. Instead he suggested an early fourth-century date and an Eastern (Syrian/ Palestinian) provenance. The idea of a later date for the Fragment in Sundberg's hypothesis deserves serious study and consideration because the date of the Muratorian Fragment is so crucial to the common understanding of the history of the New Testament.Less
In 1964, Albert C. Sundberg, Jr., published a distinguished work on the Old Testament in the early Church. This well-received study refuted the hypothesis of an Alexandrian Jewish canon and radically changed the traditional understanding of the formation of the Christian Old Testament. It was not until 1973 that Sundberg published in full his argument for the redating of the Muratorian Fragment. He questioned the traditional late second-century dating and Westem provenance generally assigned to the Fragment since its publication in 1740. Instead he suggested an early fourth-century date and an Eastern (Syrian/ Palestinian) provenance. The idea of a later date for the Fragment in Sundberg's hypothesis deserves serious study and consideration because the date of the Muratorian Fragment is so crucial to the common understanding of the history of the New Testament.
Geoffrey Mark Hahneman
- Published in print:
- 1992
- Published Online:
- October 2011
- ISBN:
- 9780198263418
- eISBN:
- 9780191682537
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198263418.003.0007
- Subject:
- Religion, Biblical Studies, Early Christian Studies
There is clearly a strong case for proposing that the Fragment is an Eastern list of New Testament works originating from the fourth century. This provenance is supported by many details. Eusebius ...
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There is clearly a strong case for proposing that the Fragment is an Eastern list of New Testament works originating from the fourth century. This provenance is supported by many details. Eusebius appears to be the individual within the history of the Canon who developed and prompted New Testament catalogues, and thus the Fragment most probably derives from some time after Eusebius. Several remarkable parallels with Epiphanius would seem to confirm a Syrian/Palestinian provenance around 375 for the Fragment, specifically the inclusion of the Wisdom of Solomon in a New Testament catalogue, the mention of a Marcionite Laodiceans and the presence of Revelation without comment. These, combined with the public reading of the Revelation of Peter noted in the Fragment and Sozomen, and various similarities with Jerome (392), seem to confirm that the Muratorian Fragment is not a Western late second-century document, but is instead a late fourth-century Eastern catalogue.Less
There is clearly a strong case for proposing that the Fragment is an Eastern list of New Testament works originating from the fourth century. This provenance is supported by many details. Eusebius appears to be the individual within the history of the Canon who developed and prompted New Testament catalogues, and thus the Fragment most probably derives from some time after Eusebius. Several remarkable parallels with Epiphanius would seem to confirm a Syrian/Palestinian provenance around 375 for the Fragment, specifically the inclusion of the Wisdom of Solomon in a New Testament catalogue, the mention of a Marcionite Laodiceans and the presence of Revelation without comment. These, combined with the public reading of the Revelation of Peter noted in the Fragment and Sozomen, and various similarities with Jerome (392), seem to confirm that the Muratorian Fragment is not a Western late second-century document, but is instead a late fourth-century Eastern catalogue.
Jacqueline Cole
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- September 2009
- ISBN:
- 9780199219469
- eISBN:
- 9780191722516
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199219469.003.0021
- Subject:
- Physics, Crystallography
This chapter discusses the concept of a database and its specific application to crystallography. Crystallographic databases generally contain bibliographic and experimental information, which in ...
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This chapter discusses the concept of a database and its specific application to crystallography. Crystallographic databases generally contain bibliographic and experimental information, which in most cases includes the positions of atoms in the crystal structure together with other data allowing the structure to be represented graphically, analysed geometrically, and manipulated. Computer searches may be carried out based on any of the information stored, if the associated software provides the relevant functionality; these may include matching particular structural fragments based on chemical connectivity, as well as individual experimental and data items. Results may then be subjected to detailed statistical analysis or other treatment. Some possible uses are described. The crystallographic databases available are the Cambridge Structural Database, the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, CrystMet for metals and related materials, and the Protein Data Bank and associated nucleobase database.Less
This chapter discusses the concept of a database and its specific application to crystallography. Crystallographic databases generally contain bibliographic and experimental information, which in most cases includes the positions of atoms in the crystal structure together with other data allowing the structure to be represented graphically, analysed geometrically, and manipulated. Computer searches may be carried out based on any of the information stored, if the associated software provides the relevant functionality; these may include matching particular structural fragments based on chemical connectivity, as well as individual experimental and data items. Results may then be subjected to detailed statistical analysis or other treatment. Some possible uses are described. The crystallographic databases available are the Cambridge Structural Database, the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database, CrystMet for metals and related materials, and the Protein Data Bank and associated nucleobase database.
Mary-Ann Constantine and Gerald Porter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262887
- eISBN:
- 9780191734441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262887.003.0002
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter discusses the broken forms of fragments and Romanticism. The Ossian fragments, which can be found in the poems of ‘Ossian’, are first examined. Most of the discussion focuses on these ...
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This chapter discusses the broken forms of fragments and Romanticism. The Ossian fragments, which can be found in the poems of ‘Ossian’, are first examined. Most of the discussion focuses on these poems, such as the inclusion of bards and centaurs. The concept of the literary fragment is discussed, as well as singing the poems of ‘Ossian’ while at work.Less
This chapter discusses the broken forms of fragments and Romanticism. The Ossian fragments, which can be found in the poems of ‘Ossian’, are first examined. Most of the discussion focuses on these poems, such as the inclusion of bards and centaurs. The concept of the literary fragment is discussed, as well as singing the poems of ‘Ossian’ while at work.
Luca Verzichelli
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2005
- ISBN:
- 9780198297840
- eISBN:
- 9780191602016
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/019829784X.003.0014
- Subject:
- Political Science, Comparative Politics
The Italian political system has usually been described as a stable parliamentary democracy with proportional representation electoral rules and a fragmented party system. In the mid-1990s, this ...
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The Italian political system has usually been described as a stable parliamentary democracy with proportional representation electoral rules and a fragmented party system. In the mid-1990s, this image was undermined by a deep crisis, which resulted in changes to the electoral system, the party system, and the executive-legislative relationship. In general, the whole chain of delegation has suffered as a result of the weak institutionalization of delegation mechanisms. The reasons for this weakness are to be found in the historical circumstances of Italy’s democratic experience, in particular, a highly fragmented, polarized polity, and a society with deep cleavages.Less
The Italian political system has usually been described as a stable parliamentary democracy with proportional representation electoral rules and a fragmented party system. In the mid-1990s, this image was undermined by a deep crisis, which resulted in changes to the electoral system, the party system, and the executive-legislative relationship. In general, the whole chain of delegation has suffered as a result of the weak institutionalization of delegation mechanisms. The reasons for this weakness are to be found in the historical circumstances of Italy’s democratic experience, in particular, a highly fragmented, polarized polity, and a society with deep cleavages.
T.L.S. Sprigge
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- May 2006
- ISBN:
- 9780199283040
- eISBN:
- 9780191603662
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/0199283044.003.0004
- Subject:
- Philosophy, Philosophy of Religion
This chapter discusses the position presented by Kierkegaard in his two related works: Philosophical Fragments and Concluding Unscientific Postscript, which were published under the pseudonym, ...
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This chapter discusses the position presented by Kierkegaard in his two related works: Philosophical Fragments and Concluding Unscientific Postscript, which were published under the pseudonym, Johannes Climacus. It is shown that in Fragments, Climacus merely tried out the idea of God incarnating himself to achieve mutual love with men in spite of their fallen state, but did not specify Christianity as proclaiming the realization of this idea. In Concluding Unscientific Postscript, the focus is more explicitly on Christianity. Kierkegaard’s most thorough discussion of ethics, Works of Love, is also examined, which emphasizes the need for Christians to grow out of worldly self-love and embrace a life of suffering.Less
This chapter discusses the position presented by Kierkegaard in his two related works: Philosophical Fragments and Concluding Unscientific Postscript, which were published under the pseudonym, Johannes Climacus. It is shown that in Fragments, Climacus merely tried out the idea of God incarnating himself to achieve mutual love with men in spite of their fallen state, but did not specify Christianity as proclaiming the realization of this idea. In Concluding Unscientific Postscript, the focus is more explicitly on Christianity. Kierkegaard’s most thorough discussion of ethics, Works of Love, is also examined, which emphasizes the need for Christians to grow out of worldly self-love and embrace a life of suffering.
John F. Wilson and Andrew Thomson
- Published in print:
- 2006
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780199261581
- eISBN:
- 9780191718588
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199261581.003.0009
- Subject:
- Business and Management, Business History
The labour-management relationship has been vital not just for its substantial impact within the organization, but also because of its effect on Britain’s wider social, political, and economic ...
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The labour-management relationship has been vital not just for its substantial impact within the organization, but also because of its effect on Britain’s wider social, political, and economic development. Until the 1970s, employers used externalization and sub-contracting. This ultimately caused a loss of control at the shop-floor level to unions and their members through fragmented bargaining when the labour market changed to high employment, with consequences for industrial conflict and management authority and legitimacy. There was a slow transition to internalization and professionalization of labour management, and a delay in the development of appropriate systems and methods of modern management in the personnel field. The last two decades have, however, seen an assertion of control by employers.Less
The labour-management relationship has been vital not just for its substantial impact within the organization, but also because of its effect on Britain’s wider social, political, and economic development. Until the 1970s, employers used externalization and sub-contracting. This ultimately caused a loss of control at the shop-floor level to unions and their members through fragmented bargaining when the labour market changed to high employment, with consequences for industrial conflict and management authority and legitimacy. There was a slow transition to internalization and professionalization of labour management, and a delay in the development of appropriate systems and methods of modern management in the personnel field. The last two decades have, however, seen an assertion of control by employers.
Roger S. Bagnall and Giovanni R. Ruffini
- Published in print:
- 2012
- Published Online:
- May 2016
- ISBN:
- 9780814745267
- eISBN:
- 9780814771327
- Item type:
- book
- Publisher:
- NYU Press
- DOI:
- 10.18574/nyu/9780814745267.001.0001
- Subject:
- History, Ancient History / Archaeology
This book presents 455 inscribed pottery fragments, or ostraka, found during New York University's excavations at Amheida in the western desert of Egypt. The majority date to the Late Roman period ...
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This book presents 455 inscribed pottery fragments, or ostraka, found during New York University's excavations at Amheida in the western desert of Egypt. The majority date to the Late Roman period (3rd to 4th century AD), a time of rapid social change in Egypt and the ancient Mediterranean generally. Amheida was a small administrative center, and the full publication of these brief texts illuminates the role of writing in the daily lives of its inhabitants. The subjects covered by the Amheida ostraka include the distribution of food, the administration of wells, the commercial lives of inhabitants, their education, and other aspects of life neglected in literary sources. The book provides a full introduction to the technical aspects of terminology and chronology, while also situating this important evidence in its historical, social, and regional context.Less
This book presents 455 inscribed pottery fragments, or ostraka, found during New York University's excavations at Amheida in the western desert of Egypt. The majority date to the Late Roman period (3rd to 4th century AD), a time of rapid social change in Egypt and the ancient Mediterranean generally. Amheida was a small administrative center, and the full publication of these brief texts illuminates the role of writing in the daily lives of its inhabitants. The subjects covered by the Amheida ostraka include the distribution of food, the administration of wells, the commercial lives of inhabitants, their education, and other aspects of life neglected in literary sources. The book provides a full introduction to the technical aspects of terminology and chronology, while also situating this important evidence in its historical, social, and regional context.
Duana Fullwiley
- Published in print:
- 2011
- Published Online:
- October 2017
- ISBN:
- 9780691123165
- eISBN:
- 9781400840410
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Princeton University Press
- DOI:
- 10.23943/princeton/9780691123165.003.0005
- Subject:
- Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology
This chapter chronicles how, in the 1950s, sickle hemoglobin was tested in the blood of various Senegalese ethnic groups to determine the bounded nature of population-based race and ethnic groupings ...
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This chapter chronicles how, in the 1950s, sickle hemoglobin was tested in the blood of various Senegalese ethnic groups to determine the bounded nature of population-based race and ethnic groupings within the geopolitical terrain of French West Africa (l'Afrique Occidentale Française, the “AOF”). These colonial uses of sickle cell DNA markers to scientifically define group belonging were later interrupted by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technology starting in the late 1970s. RFLPs allowed researchers to pinpoint DNA variants around the sickle cell gene and thus provided new ways of measuring and lumping human physiological distinction in terms of unified “national” genetic difference, which were based thereafter on haplotype patterns. In addition, this chapter chronicles how discourses of ethnic population purity continue to drive Parisian scientists' interests in new sickle cell research for which they hope to enlist Senegalese collaborators in the here and now.Less
This chapter chronicles how, in the 1950s, sickle hemoglobin was tested in the blood of various Senegalese ethnic groups to determine the bounded nature of population-based race and ethnic groupings within the geopolitical terrain of French West Africa (l'Afrique Occidentale Française, the “AOF”). These colonial uses of sickle cell DNA markers to scientifically define group belonging were later interrupted by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) technology starting in the late 1970s. RFLPs allowed researchers to pinpoint DNA variants around the sickle cell gene and thus provided new ways of measuring and lumping human physiological distinction in terms of unified “national” genetic difference, which were based thereafter on haplotype patterns. In addition, this chapter chronicles how discourses of ethnic population purity continue to drive Parisian scientists' interests in new sickle cell research for which they hope to enlist Senegalese collaborators in the here and now.
Barak Richman, Daniel Grossman, and Frank Sloan
- Published in print:
- 2010
- Published Online:
- May 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780195390131
- eISBN:
- 9780199775934
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195390131.003.012
- Subject:
- Law, Medical Law
This chapter discusses consumption disparities in outpatient mental health services among a diverse insured working population. It first observes that despite paying equal insurance premiums and ...
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This chapter discusses consumption disparities in outpatient mental health services among a diverse insured working population. It first observes that despite paying equal insurance premiums and enjoying equal insurance coverage, lower-income and non-white workers consume fewer insurance benefits than their white and higher-income coworkers. It finds no evidence, however, that this disparity leads to adverse health outcomes. It additionally finds that non-whites and low-income individuals are more likely than their white and high-income counterparts to obtain mental health care from general practitioners rather than mental healthcare providers, and nearly twice as likely not to follow up with a mental health provider after hospitalization with a mental health diagnosis. These findings suggest that low-income and non-white individuals might be paying for health services that primarily benefit their white and more affluent coworkers. Many of these regressive consequences can be attributed to mental health insurance carve-outs, which are a product of the fragmented delivery of health care.Less
This chapter discusses consumption disparities in outpatient mental health services among a diverse insured working population. It first observes that despite paying equal insurance premiums and enjoying equal insurance coverage, lower-income and non-white workers consume fewer insurance benefits than their white and higher-income coworkers. It finds no evidence, however, that this disparity leads to adverse health outcomes. It additionally finds that non-whites and low-income individuals are more likely than their white and high-income counterparts to obtain mental health care from general practitioners rather than mental healthcare providers, and nearly twice as likely not to follow up with a mental health provider after hospitalization with a mental health diagnosis. These findings suggest that low-income and non-white individuals might be paying for health services that primarily benefit their white and more affluent coworkers. Many of these regressive consequences can be attributed to mental health insurance carve-outs, which are a product of the fragmented delivery of health care.
Mary-Ann Constantine and Gerald Porter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262887
- eISBN:
- 9780191734441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262887.003.0001
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This introductory chapter discusses fragments of song, which is the main topic of the book. It defines fragments of song, and examines folk-song scholarship and the full narrative. The concept of the ...
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This introductory chapter discusses fragments of song, which is the main topic of the book. It defines fragments of song, and examines folk-song scholarship and the full narrative. The concept of the dislocated text is covered in one section of the chapter. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the folk-song scholarship and the minimal narrative.Less
This introductory chapter discusses fragments of song, which is the main topic of the book. It defines fragments of song, and examines folk-song scholarship and the full narrative. The concept of the dislocated text is covered in one section of the chapter. The chapter concludes with a discussion of the folk-song scholarship and the minimal narrative.
Mary-Ann Constantine and Gerald Porter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262887
- eISBN:
- 9780191734441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262887.003.0008
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter discusses the assumption that certain groups — specifically inhabitants of ‘border’ areas — are prone to produce song fragments. It focuses on the act of perception and the material ...
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This chapter discusses the assumption that certain groups — specifically inhabitants of ‘border’ areas — are prone to produce song fragments. It focuses on the act of perception and the material itself. The first section has a brief discussion on the concept of ‘Celtic’, its development and its effects on the study of literature and song. The chapter also presents a case-study that shows how the centre-to-margins pattern of perception evident in ‘outside’ dealings with the Celtic-speaking cultures can recur internally.Less
This chapter discusses the assumption that certain groups — specifically inhabitants of ‘border’ areas — are prone to produce song fragments. It focuses on the act of perception and the material itself. The first section has a brief discussion on the concept of ‘Celtic’, its development and its effects on the study of literature and song. The chapter also presents a case-study that shows how the centre-to-margins pattern of perception evident in ‘outside’ dealings with the Celtic-speaking cultures can recur internally.
Mary-Ann Constantine and Gerald Porter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262887
- eISBN:
- 9780191734441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262887.003.0009
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter discusses the way song fragments function in the work of four novelists: James Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, Christina Stead, and Charles Dickens. It considers silencing, particularly of women, ...
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This chapter discusses the way song fragments function in the work of four novelists: James Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, Christina Stead, and Charles Dickens. It considers silencing, particularly of women, as an aspect of fragmentation. It shows that women have long been associated with silence, despite having a cultural stereotype of garrulousness. The chapter also determines that intertexts empower the reader due to the ‘multi-accentuality’ of cultural texts and practices.Less
This chapter discusses the way song fragments function in the work of four novelists: James Joyce, D.H. Lawrence, Christina Stead, and Charles Dickens. It considers silencing, particularly of women, as an aspect of fragmentation. It shows that women have long been associated with silence, despite having a cultural stereotype of garrulousness. The chapter also determines that intertexts empower the reader due to the ‘multi-accentuality’ of cultural texts and practices.
Emmanuela Bakola
- Published in print:
- 2009
- Published Online:
- February 2010
- ISBN:
- 9780199569359
- eISBN:
- 9780191722332
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199569359.003.0007
- Subject:
- Classical Studies, Poetry and Poets: Classical, Early, and Medieval
Appendix 1 defends the reading peri hyon poie(ton) of POxy 663, ll. 6–9 (hypothesis to Dionysalexandros), which summarize the play's parabasis. It argues that these lines refer to the case of ...
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Appendix 1 defends the reading peri hyon poie(ton) of POxy 663, ll. 6–9 (hypothesis to Dionysalexandros), which summarize the play's parabasis. It argues that these lines refer to the case of legitimation (through adoption) of the younger Pericles. Appendix 2 discusses the primary and secondary literature on the date of Phidias' accusations for embezzlement and his trial. It argues that the trial should be dated to the eve of the Peloponnesian war (432/1). Appendix 3 contains the papyrus fragments of Plutoi with a translation and proposes an alternative line‐numbering. Appendix 4 contains the papyrus hypothesis of Dionysalexandros with a translation. Appendix 5 offers a new edition of the Dionysalexandros hypothesis based on new papyrological observations and argumentation offered in several of its chapters.Less
Appendix 1 defends the reading peri hyon poie(ton) of POxy 663, ll. 6–9 (hypothesis to Dionysalexandros), which summarize the play's parabasis. It argues that these lines refer to the case of legitimation (through adoption) of the younger Pericles. Appendix 2 discusses the primary and secondary literature on the date of Phidias' accusations for embezzlement and his trial. It argues that the trial should be dated to the eve of the Peloponnesian war (432/1). Appendix 3 contains the papyrus fragments of Plutoi with a translation and proposes an alternative line‐numbering. Appendix 4 contains the papyrus hypothesis of Dionysalexandros with a translation. Appendix 5 offers a new edition of the Dionysalexandros hypothesis based on new papyrological observations and argumentation offered in several of its chapters.
D.M. Gabbay and L. Maksimova
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198511748
- eISBN:
- 9780191705779
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198511748.003.0010
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Logic / Computer Science / Mathematical Philosophy
This chapter examines the family NE(K) of normal extensions of K4. With any such logic L its reflexive fragment r(L) is associated, which contains the logic S4. A logic L is of infinite slice if ...
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This chapter examines the family NE(K) of normal extensions of K4. With any such logic L its reflexive fragment r(L) is associated, which contains the logic S4. A logic L is of infinite slice if Kripke frames, satisfying L, can contain subchains of any finite length. It is proved that for any logic in NE(K4), being of infinite slice and possessing the interpolation property for deducibility, its reflexive fragment is contained in Grz.2. As a consequence, interpolation theorems fail in logics of infinite slice and of finite width, in logics of finite irreflexive trees, and so on.Less
This chapter examines the family NE(K) of normal extensions of K4. With any such logic L its reflexive fragment r(L) is associated, which contains the logic S4. A logic L is of infinite slice if Kripke frames, satisfying L, can contain subchains of any finite length. It is proved that for any logic in NE(K4), being of infinite slice and possessing the interpolation property for deducibility, its reflexive fragment is contained in Grz.2. As a consequence, interpolation theorems fail in logics of infinite slice and of finite width, in logics of finite irreflexive trees, and so on.
D.M. Gabbay and L. Maksimova
- Published in print:
- 2005
- Published Online:
- September 2007
- ISBN:
- 9780198511748
- eISBN:
- 9780191705779
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- DOI:
- 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198511748.003.0015
- Subject:
- Mathematics, Logic / Computer Science / Mathematical Philosophy
This chapter provides interpolation results for the Horn clause fragment of classical or intuitionistic logic. A weak variant of interpolation for a fragment of the intuitionistic predicate logic ...
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This chapter provides interpolation results for the Horn clause fragment of classical or intuitionistic logic. A weak variant of interpolation for a fragment of the intuitionistic predicate logic without disjunction and existence quantifier is proved by syntactic method. A counter-example to the general form of interpolation is given.Less
This chapter provides interpolation results for the Horn clause fragment of classical or intuitionistic logic. A weak variant of interpolation for a fragment of the intuitionistic predicate logic without disjunction and existence quantifier is proved by syntactic method. A counter-example to the general form of interpolation is given.
Mary-Ann Constantine and Gerald Porter
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262887
- eISBN:
- 9780191734441
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262887.003.0010
- Subject:
- Music, Ethnomusicology, World Music
This chapter discusses the major conclusions that can be gathered from the previous chapters. It determines that fragments and fragmentary styles are reinvented with each literary generation. For the ...
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This chapter discusses the major conclusions that can be gathered from the previous chapters. It determines that fragments and fragmentary styles are reinvented with each literary generation. For the writers in the early twentieth century, broken forms have been considered as a way to convey absences and emptiness, and even the breakdown of communication. The chapter also shows how the fragment has become an emblem of the discontinuous and rapidly changing nature of the postmodern condition. Stripped down songs, folk-song scholarship, and other important concepts are discussed and reviewed.Less
This chapter discusses the major conclusions that can be gathered from the previous chapters. It determines that fragments and fragmentary styles are reinvented with each literary generation. For the writers in the early twentieth century, broken forms have been considered as a way to convey absences and emptiness, and even the breakdown of communication. The chapter also shows how the fragment has become an emblem of the discontinuous and rapidly changing nature of the postmodern condition. Stripped down songs, folk-song scholarship, and other important concepts are discussed and reviewed.
Ceri Peach
- Published in print:
- 2003
- Published Online:
- January 2012
- ISBN:
- 9780197262863
- eISBN:
- 9780191734076
- Item type:
- chapter
- Publisher:
- British Academy
- DOI:
- 10.5871/bacad/9780197262863.003.0018
- Subject:
- Sociology, Population and Demography
By the end of the twentieth century, the focus of geography had narrowed, its content had become less disciplined by spatial concerns, and its subject matter had become fragmented. Geographers were ...
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By the end of the twentieth century, the focus of geography had narrowed, its content had become less disciplined by spatial concerns, and its subject matter had become fragmented. Geographers were writing about small, personal subjects: about identity and positionality, about statues and monuments. How and why did this come about? Perhaps because both the urban geography of Britain underwent massive change and the way in which British geographers thought about cities was revolutionised. This change in urban geography in Britain during the twentieth century can be attributed in part to the fact that the geography of British towns has changed significantly over the period. This chapter focuses on geographers and the fragmented city, starting with a brief account of the urban change and then moving on to discuss the shifts within the philosophy of geography. It also examines urban social segregation, with emphasis on race, ethnicity, gender and sexuality.Less
By the end of the twentieth century, the focus of geography had narrowed, its content had become less disciplined by spatial concerns, and its subject matter had become fragmented. Geographers were writing about small, personal subjects: about identity and positionality, about statues and monuments. How and why did this come about? Perhaps because both the urban geography of Britain underwent massive change and the way in which British geographers thought about cities was revolutionised. This change in urban geography in Britain during the twentieth century can be attributed in part to the fact that the geography of British towns has changed significantly over the period. This chapter focuses on geographers and the fragmented city, starting with a brief account of the urban change and then moving on to discuss the shifts within the philosophy of geography. It also examines urban social segregation, with emphasis on race, ethnicity, gender and sexuality.
